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Soluble lead redox flow battery (SLRFB) is an emergent energy storage technology appropriate for integrating solar and wind energy into the primary grid. It is an allied technology of conventional lead‐acid batteries. This appraisal compares lead‐acid batteries and SLRFB apropos their general characteristics. SLRFBs can overcome the inadequate cycle‐life of Lead‐Acid batteries as the electrodes of SLRFB do not participate in the reaction, which helps extending its durability. However, SLRFB has challenges of dendrite formation, oxygen evolution reaction, passivation of PbO2 and shunt current. These problems need to be resolved before SLRFBs can be projected for large‐scale energy storage applications. In this technical update, we have reviewed the recent studies pertinent to dendrite formation, mechanism of the lead electrode, and reversibility of the PbO2 electrode in the state‐of‐art of SLRFB along with progress in advances while developing a 12 V – 250 Wh 8‐cell SLRFB stack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of the current study is to evaluate asthma patients' healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL) using an HRQoL questionnaire (SF-36 v2). Methods: A 6-month prospective observational study on 108 patients with persistent asthma of either sex. Through a face-to-face interview and the use of an HRQoL questionnaire, asthma patients' HRQoL was assessed (SF-36v2). Results: Asthma prevalence was shown to be higher in middle-aged and elderly patients than in adults, and female patients were found to be more afflicted by the condition than male patients. It was shown that exposure to dust, smoking, alcohol, and cooking fuel are the main asthma triggers. The average scores for the physical component summary (PCS) are 47.46 (15.56), and the average scores for the mental component summary (MCS) are 66.73 (13.59). The results of our study show that, as indicated by PCS and MCS scores, physical HRQoL is more adversely affected than mental HRQoL. Conclusions: The results of our study conclusively show that asthma patients' physical HRQoL is more negatively impacted than their mental HRQoL, and they also highlight the need to improve these patients' quality of life through appropriate patient education about asthma triggers, preventive measures, and medication adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supercapacitors have acquired a considerable scientific and technological position in the energy storage field owing to their compelling power capability, good energy density, excellent cycling stability, and ideal safety. The supercapacitor is the burgeoning candidate to cope with the ever‐growing need for green and renewable energy. High‐performance supercapacitors are realized by nanostructured electrode designs, which provide ameliorated surface area for abundant electrode‐electrolyte interaction, ease of electron transfer and movement, and short ion‐diffusion pathways that lead to increased performance. In this regard, transition metal oxide (TMO)‐based electroactive materials are of significant interest owing to the remarkable combination of structural, mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties. Besides their high specific capacitance and energy density due to rich redox chemistry, highly reversible and fast charge‐discharge processes, low cost due to abundance, and environment‐friendliness make them the most promising materials for next‐generation supercapacitors. But poor electrical conductivity and rate capability, inferior cycling life, and low power density are some of the major challenges that need to be addressed. Therefore, various nanostructures of pristine TMOs and their composites with other materials with complementary characteristics have been fabricated and investigated to realize supercapacitors with improved performance. This review summarizes all such reported pristine TMOs with different nanostructured dimensions namely, 3D, 2D, 1D, and 0D, and their composite structures for their application as electrode materials in supercapacitors. Design of different pristine and composite nanostructures, synthesis strategies, comprehensive structure‐dependent electrochemical properties, present challenges, and future perspectives are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]