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Abstract The Kinnersley spacetime not only describes a non-spherical symmetric, non-stationary and accelerating black hole, but also can be used to explore the characteristics of collision of two black holes because it has two horizons: the Rindler horizon and the event horizon. Previous research shows Rindler horizon and the event horizon cannot touch due to violation of the third law of thermodynamics. By solving a fermion dynamical equation including the Lorentz dispersion relation, we obtain a modified radiation temperature at the event horizon of the black hole, as well as the colliding temperature at the touch point of Rindler horizon and the event horizon. We find the temperature at the touch point is not equal to zero if $${\dot{r}}_H\ne 0$$ r ˙ H ≠ 0 . This result indicates that the event horizon and Rindler horizon can collide without violation of the third law of thermodynamics when Lorentz dispersion relation is considered.

In the space-time of the nonstationary spherical symmetry Vaidya-Bonner black hole, an accurate modification of Hawking tunneling radiation for fermions with arbitrary spin is researched. Considering a light dispersion relationship derived from string theory, quantum gravitational theory, and the Rarita-Schwinger equation in the nonstationary spherical symmetry space-time, we derive an accurately modified dynamic equation for fermions with arbitrary spin. By solving the equation, the modified tunneling rate of fermions with arbitrary spin, Hawking temperature, and entropy at the event horizon of the Vaidya-Bonner black hole are presented. We find that the Hawking temperature will increase, but the entropy will decrease compared with the case without the Lorentz Invariation Violation modification.

Based on semiclassical tunneling method, we focus on charged fermions tunneling from higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole. We first simplify the Dirac equation by semiclassical approximation, and then a semiclassical Hamilton-Jacobi equation is obtained. Using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we study the Hawking temperature and fermions tunneling rate at the event horizon of the higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole space-time. Finally, the correct entropy is calculation by the method beyond semiclassical approximation.

Using the theory of the anomalous (chiral) effective action and covariant anomalies method, the Hawking radiation from NUT-Kerr-Newman-Kusuya black hole is researched. In this paper, the electric charge parameter and magnetic monopole parameter are rewritten as equivalent parameter. In addition, we simplify the metric as 1+1 dimensional effective metric. Finally, with the method of anomalous effective action and covariant anomalies respectively, we calculate the chiral covariant current and covariant energy-momentum tensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, using the Gravity’s Rainbow theory, we introduce rainbow metric into rainbow Robertson-Walker metric, and obtain a model which depends on the energy of probe particles. Furthermore, we research on an exact inflationary solution of the model, and it can be consistent with the conclusions of observation. The results of our research show that some details in inflation depend on the energy of particles which are observed by observers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantum tunneling from the apparent horizon of rainbow-FRW universe is studied in this paper. We apply the semi-classical approximation, which is put forward by Parikh and Wilczek et al., to research on the scalar field particles tunneling from the apparent horizon of the rainbow-FRW universe, and then use the spin 1/2 Fermions tunneling theory, which brought forward by Kerner and Mann firstly, to research on the Fermions Hawking radiation via semi-classical approximation. Finally, we discuss the meanings of the quantum effect via Finsler geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the Hawking radiation of the Taub-NUT black hole by Hamilton-Jacobi method. When the unfixed background space-time and self-gravitational interaction are considered, the tunnelling rate is related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the radiation spectrum deviates from the purely thermal one. This result is in accordance with Parikh and Wilczek's opinion and gives a correction to the Hawking radiation of the black hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the unfixed background space-time and self-gravitational interaction, we review the Hawking radiation of the Kerr–Newman black hole by Hamilton–Jacobi method. The result shows the tunneling probability is related to the change of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and the radiation spectrum deviates from the precisely thermal one, which is in accordance with Parikh and Wilczek’s result and gives another method to study the Hawking radiation of the black hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the self-gravitation interaction and unfixed background space–time into account, we study the Hawking radiation of Kerr–Newman–Kasuya black holes using Hamilton–Jacobi method. The result shows that the tunneling rate is related to the change of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and the radiation spectrum deviates from the purely thermal one, which is accordant with that obtained using Parikh and Wilczek's method and gives a correction to the Hawking radiation of the black hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying the Hamilton–Jacobi method, we investigate the Hawking radiation as tunneling from the non-stationary Vaidya–Bonner black hole by considering the unfixed background space-time and self-gravitational interaction. The result shows the actual radiation spectrum deviates from the purely thermal one and the tunneling rate is related not only to the change of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy but also to the integral to the black hole mass and charge. This implies information loss is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  Considering the unfixed background space-time and self-gravitational interaction, we view the Hawking radiation of a stationary Kerr–Newman black hole by Hamilton–Jacobi method. Meanwhile, extending this work to non-stationary black holes, we attempt to investigate the Hawking radiation of the non-stationary Kerr–Newman black hole. Both of the results show the tunneling probabilities are related to the change of Bekenstein- Hawking entropy and the radiation spectrums deviate from the purely thermal one, which is in accordance with the known result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the self-gravitational interaction and unfixed background space–time into account, we discuss the tunneling radiation of the Dilaton–Maxwell black hole by the Hamilton–Jacobi method. The result shows that the tunneling rate is related not only to the change of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy, but also to a subtle integral about the black hole mass, which does not satisfy the unitary theory and is different from Parikh and Wilczek's result. This implies that information loss in black hole evaporation is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the self-gravitation interaction and the unfixed background space–time, we study the Hawking radiation of the Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton–Axion (EMDA) black hole by the radial geodesic method and the Hamilton–Jacobi method. Both sets of results agree with Parikh and Wilczek's and show that the actual radiation spectrum deviates from the purely thermal one and the tunneling probability is related to the change of Bekenstein–Hawking entropy, which satisfies an underlying unitary theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tunneling radiation of Ressiner-Nordström black hole is studied by developing Hamilton-Jacobi method. The result shows the actual radiation spectrum deviates from the pure thermal one and the tunneling probability are related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, which is accordant with Parikh and Wilczek's and gives a new method to correct Hawking pure thermal radiation of Ressiner-Nordström black hole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strictly thermal spectrum in dragging coordinate system and the tunneling radiation characteristics of stationary axisymmetry Kerr-Newman de Sitter black hole is studied. The result shows that the tunneling rates at the event and cosmological horizon are related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and that the factual radiation spectrum is not strictly pure thermal. Thus an exact correction to the Hawking thermal spectrum is present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying Parikh's quantum tunneling method, the tunneling characteristics of stationary Kaluza-Klein black hole is researched. The result shows that the tunneling rate across the event horizon of the black hole is relevant to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and the derived radiation spectrum deviates from pure thermal when the self-gravitation, energy conservation and angular momentum conservation are taken into consideration. Finally, we use the obtained results to reduce to stationary Kerr black hole and static Swarzschild black hole, and find that only ignoring the spectrum at higher energies the tunneling radiation spectrum is consistent with Hawking pure thermal one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking energy conservation and angular momentum conservation into account, the tunneling radiation characteristics of stationary axisymmetric Sen black hole is studied in this paper with the quantum tunneling method and the results show that the tunneling rate of particle at the event horizon of the black hole is relevant to Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and that the radiation spectrum is not strictly pure thermal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss the general approach to finding exact inflationary solutions in generalized Einstein theories. These solutions are found by taking the Hubble parameter directly as a function of the field ? and then determining the evolution of the expansion scale factor and the potential from it. This method allows the full dynamic behavior of the field to be investigated in terms of the functionH(?) without needing to assume that friction terms in the field equations dominate or that the field's kinetic energy is negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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