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Abstract Background The rise in risk factors like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus has partly led to the increase in the number of patients affected by chronic kidney disease, affecting an estimated 843 million people, which is nearly 10% of the general population worldwide in 2017. Patients with CKD have an increased risk of functional difficulties and disability. This study aimed to assess the level of functional status and disability and its associated factors among patients with chronic kidney attending Saint Paul Hospital, Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 302 enrolled study participants through systematic random sampling techniques. Face-to-face interviews and chart reviews were used to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from works of literature. The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) was used to assess the functional status and disability of the participants. Data was entered into EPI info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was employed with a p-value less than 0.25. Finally, those variables with a p-value less than 0.05 in multivariate analysis were taken as statistically significant. Results A total of 219 (72.5%) CKD patients had moderate to severe functional limitation and disability (HAQ-Di > 0.5-3). Age > 50 years [AOR = 1.65; 95% CI (1.23, 3.15)], being at stage 2 and 3 CKD [AOR = 4.05; 95% CI (1.82, 9.21), being at stage 4 and 5 CKD [AOR = 2.47; 95% CI (1.87, 4.72)], and having MSK manifestations [AOR = 2.97; 95% CI (1.61, 5.55)] were significantly associated with functional status and disability. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that CKD-associated functional disabilities are common. The advanced stage of CKD, higher age, and presence of musculoskeletal manifestations appear to be important variables predicting self-reported functional status. Healthcare professionals treating CKD shall be vigilant about the CKD-associated disability, the modifiable predictors, and interventions to limit the CKD-related disability.

This study aimed to determine the quality and storability of the orange fruit cv. Diyala after 60 days of storage at 6±1°C and 90% RH under aqueous ozone at 4 mg L-1 or 15% Aloe vera gel. The fruit packaging was applied in three types: without packing, perforated plastic bags, and paper wrapping bags. The experiment was performed in a complete randomized design with three replicates. These parameters were studied: weight loss, respiration rate, moisture content, firmness, pH, juice, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, TSS/TA, total sugar, ascorbic acid, and total carotenoids. Results indicated that the lowest weight loss in orange fruits was recorded for the 15% Aloe vera + Perforated plastic bag (7.17%), the minimum respiration rate was recorded for the 15% Aloe vera + Perforated plastic bag (8.96 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1), the same treatment had the most significant effect on the moisture content (80.55%), all treatments significantly affected on the firmness of orange fruits. The aqueous ozone + Perforated plastic bag treatments were significantly superior to the control treatment on the pH value. On the other hand, the highest juice percentage was recorded from the control treatment—the total titratable acidity obtained in aqueous ozone + 15% Aloe vera (0.72%). Furthermore, 15% Aloe vera + without packaging significantly affected the ascorbic acid content of oranges. The aqueous ozone + 15% Aloe vera + fruit wrapping paper bag treatment greatly affected the total sugar and carotenoid contents.

Introduction. West Nile Virus (WNV), a member of Flaviviridae family, is one of the most widely distributed arboviruses in the world. In developing countries like Nigeria, fever resulting from the WNV infection is often presumptively ascribed to malaria or typhoid due to misdiagnosis and low-level awareness of the viral infection. This study determined the prevalence of WNV IgM and IgG antibodies among febrile patients in the Ilorin metropolis. Materials and methods. A total of two hundred (200) blood samples were collected from consenting patients and each serum was screened for anti-WNV IgM and IgG antibodies using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical correlation and logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results. Overall, 6% (12/200) anti-WNV IgM seropositivity rate was recorded amongst the acute febrile patients with higher prevalence (6.30%) in females than in males (5.45%). Anti-WNV IgG positivity rate of 52% (104/200) was recorded, with 50.67% positivity rate in males and 38.95% in female participants. The convalescence phase posited by the 5.4% (11/200) co-detection of anti-WNV IgG and IgM antibodies among the participants was recorded. A statistical correlation was noticed with the age and religion of respondents to WNV serological positivity while gender, occupation, use of mosquito nets and formal education had no positive correlation at p 0.05. However, based on odd ratio at 95% CI and logistic regression coefficients, the evaluated risk factors such as blood transfusion, residency, malaria parasite, and proximity to stagnant water and bush were significant to anti-WNV IgG and IgM positivity. Conclusion. The findings of this study show the circulation of WNV in the study area. There is an urgent need for clinicians/physicians to include screening for the West Nile virus in cases of febrile patients before the commencement of treatment.

Several bridges in Indonesia are designed using elastomeric bearing (ERB) with a low capability of reducing seismic responses. This results in a significant demand for larger pier cross-sectional dimensions and a greater number of reinforcements, necessitating the consideration of seismic isolation devices to optimize the pier configuration. Lead rubber bearing (LRB) has been widely used as a seismic isolation device due to the natural period shifting and sufficient energy dissipation, but it costs a lot. A shear panel damper equipped with a gap (SPDG) was proposed regarding its capability to provide high damping at low cost as an alternative device to LRB. This study compared the seismic performance of three structural systems of simply supported prestressed concrete (PSC) box girder bridges. Those were analyzed using Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) with the OpenSees software. As a result, both SPDG and LRB increased the structural flexibility and generated similar relative pier responses to the conventional bridge with ERB. For example, SPDG generated the relative responses of the top pier displacement, base shear, and bending moment up to 64.76%, 83.55%, and 65.66%, while LRB was 64.92%, 83.39%, and 66.89%, respectively. Meanwhile, the bridge’s structural performance equipped with LRB and SPDG showed a fully operational and operational limit, while the one with ERB reached the life safety limit due to the longitudinal earthquake. The life safety limit due to the transverse earthquake was also observed in the three bridge models. In conclusion, SPDG is applicable in the seismic isolation system as it has a similar performance to the LRB.

The development of New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) in Temon sub-district is aimed at improving the progress of the surrounding region, where the construction has an impact on the increase in built-up land of 572.38 hectare (2013-2017) and 268.67 hectare (2017-2023) which is potentially a decrease in the environmental quality index. The purpose of the research is to analyze changes in the environmental quality index (Risk Screening Environmental Indicators of) 2013, 2017 and 2024 around NYIA. The research designs use quantitative approaches with scoring approaches, while research methods use spectral transformation and Principal Component Analysis transformation. The research has limited the use of Landsat 8 image data used as a primary data source with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, where the image has not yet been able to deliver the results of the research with a high degree of exhaustion. The originality of the research is the identification of changes in the environmental quality index that are correlated with changes in built-up land and vegetation coverage. The results of the study showed a decrease in RSEI values, where high-level RSEIs decreased by about 295.17 hectare (2013-2017) and 1720.91 hectare (2017-2024), in addition there was an increase in the area of low-levelRSEI by about 122.33 hectare (2013- 2017) and 1898.79 hectare (2017-2024). The decline in RSEI in the area study has been correlated with increased built-up land and decreased vegetation area, with built-up land increasing by 572.38 hectare (2013-2017) and 269.97 hectare (2017-2024), besides decreasing vegetation areas by 137.82 hectare (2013-2017), and 97.34 hectare (2017-2024). The study concluded that there was a decrease in the environmental quality index, where increased built-up land and decreased vegetation area were influential factors. This research opens up further research opportunities to predict the environmental quality index with the cellular automata model.

Karst landscape, characterised by drought-prone areas, limited water retention and nutrient-poor soils, pose significant challenges for the sustainability of small-scale agricultural systems. This study investigated the impact of Smart Precision Irrigation (SPI) technology, which integrates drip irrigation (DI) and organic fertilisation, on the growth, physiological performance and water use efficiency of chilli plants cultivated in a karst landscape in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This experiment involved a combination of drip irrigation (D), non-drip irrigation (ND), organic fertiliser (F), and no fertiliser (NF), with a semi-automatically installed SPI system to monitor and adjust soil moisture and watering requirements. The results showed that the combination of drip irrigation and organic fertiliser (D + F) significantly increased plant growth parameters, including plant height, leaf area, and chlorophyll content, and improved physiological traits such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water use efficiency (LWUE). These improvements were attributed to the optimised water distribution and nutrient availability provided by the DI system, which minimised water loss and reduced drought stress, as evidenced by lower proline accumulation and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in plants. In addition, the D+F treatment resulted in the highest biomass production, fruit yield and water use efficiency, underlining its potential as a sustainable agricultural practice in water-scarce karst environments. The study concludes that adopting organic matter irrigation and fertilisation strategies can improve the productivity and resilience of horticultural crops in areas facing similar environmental constraints.

As area surveillance technology, the camera is still suboptimal because it cannot detect suspicious human movement and there is no real-time security alert. Although motion detection is implemented, it is only activated when a person passes the PIR sensor, triggering the camera to capture the object. Due to its lengthy process, it is less effective. This study aims to develop a home surveillance system that uses object detection technology to detect unusual human movements. The system is also equipped with real-time early warning through a Telegram Messenger application. The system is then tested using various parameters that may impact the precision of detection results, including object poses, camera height, and camera distance. The system can detect objects that make unusual movements in 69 images or 57.5% of the tests, based on the analysis of 120 test data. Through the integration of object detection technology and real-time Telegram-based alerts, this home surveillance system significantly demonstrates the capability to accurately identify suspicious human motions thereby enhancing area surveillance effectiveness and adaptability to various environmental conditions.

Abstract Liquid carry-over phenomenon, where liquid droplets escape with gas, is a prevalent operational challenge in gas–liquid separators. Liquid carry-over leads to foaming issue and performance reduction within separator downstream absorption processes. In order to ascertain whether liquid carry-over is inducing foaming within the gas sweetening process’s absorption tower at Iraq’s Khor Mor gas-condensate processing plant, this study initiated an evaluation of the liquid droplet size distribution in the gas product and gas/liquid separation efficiency of upstream Alpha, Bravo #1, Bravo #2, and Charlee separators that feed into the aforementioned tower by using the Horizontal Vessel and ProSeparator correlations in Aspen HYSYS v.11 software. The study revealed that Alpha and Bravo #2 experienced liquid carry-over issues. In response to these challenges, an innovative smart separator design, referred to as an adjustable separator, was proposed, employing the Arnold-Stewart semi-empirical procedure. This design allows for easy adjustment to accommodate changes in feed composition and operational conditions, mitigating the liquid carry-over problem. The smart design demonstrated a significant increase in gas/liquid separation efficiency for Alpha separator, improving by 31.11% under current conditions and 77.65% under future conditions. Similarly, under both current and future conditions, the smart design of Bravo #2 separator yielded an enhancement of 21.31% and 28.23%, respectively. These results suggest that the smart design can be considered an optimal solution for controlling liquid carry-over. This innovation not only maintains high gas/liquid separation efficiency but also prevents foaming, offering a robust solution for ensuring sustained operational performance and productivity in gas–liquid separation processes.

Abstract On February 17, 1996, an earthquake ( $${M}_{\text{w}}=$$ M w = 8.2) occurred northeast of Biak Island, Indonesia, and generated a tsunami. Interestingly, the tsunami runup on the southwest side of Biak Island, which did not face the epicenter, was higher than that on the side of the island facing the epicenter. It was earlier suggested that the earthquake triggered submarine landslides. However, this hypothesis remains unexplored and unconfirmed. In this study, tsunami arrival times obtained from eyewitness accounts were used to perform backward tsunami travel time modeling. Based on the backward tsunami travel time results and multibeam bathymetry, five submarine landslide candidates were identified: three located to the southwest of Biak Island and two to the south of the island. Our analysis indicates that tsunamis from a large submarine landslide off the southwest coast of Biak Island (SL 2) and a small submarine landslide off the south side of Biak Island (SL 4) contributed to the 1996 Biak tsunami event and came earlier than the main tsunami from the earthquake fault. Tsunami sources were earlier modeled only by fault parameters without considering submarine landslide sources. As a result, the models could not explain the observed runup and eyewitness tsunami arrival times for the southwest and south of Biak Island. To address this problem, we propose an approach that combines a submarine landslide model with a modified version of a previously proposed fault model. Our combined model explains the observed runup and eyewitness tsunami arrival times well (Aida’s index values of the model are K = 1.00 and $$\kappa$$ κ = 1.44). Graphical abstract

Babak watershed is one of the essential watersheds in Lombok Island providing water supply for irrigation, fish pool, drinking water supply, and micro-hydro power plant. Excessive human activities degrade the water quality of Babak watershed, and more pollutants are present in the water column. Thus, this study aims to determine Babak watershed's water quality status and assimilating capacity to plan effective and holistic mitigation measures properly. The study calculates the pollution index (PI) using a formula based on the Minister of Environment No.115/2003 Decree and assimilating capacity (AC) based on the Minister of Environment No.110/2003 Decree. The results found that Babak watershed is lightly polluted, defined by exceeding chemical parameters such as DO, total phosphate, nitrite, and dissolved iron (Fe). Similarly, these parameters (total phosphate, nitrite, and Dissolved iron (Fe) also reached the maximum assimilation capacity of Babak watershed to contain and self-purify these pollutants from the water column. Thus, planning mitigation and adaptation measures are required to prevent further contaminations in this watershed.

Technology in agriculture is always developing, one of which is cultivation using hydroponic media. One of the hydroponic cultivation techniques is the hydroponic nutrient film technique (NFT). The hydroponic cultivation of the nutrient film technique is carried out by placing plant roots in a shallow and circulating layer of water. One of the plants that can be used in NFT hydroponic media is the pakcoy mustard plant. During the growth period of pakcoy mustard in the hydroponic nutrient film technique media, parameters such as air temperature, water temperature, water level, water pH, and plant nutrients will greatly affect. The optimal air temperature during the growth of mustard greens is 22-33˚C, water temperature is 25-28˚C, water level is 25-35 cm or depending on the tank used, water pH is 6-7, and plant nutrition is 900-1400 PPM. If the parameter conditions in the hydroponic greenhouse are not in accordance with the optimal limits, the growth of the mustard greens will be stunted or die. In this study an automatic control system was designed using the WEMOS Mega 2560 microcontroller as the control center, DHT22 sensor, MAX6675 sensor, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, PH-4502C sensor, analog TDS sensor, misting pump, peltier, water pump, and mini DC pump. . The results of this study are in the form of sensor reading values consisting of air temperature, water temperature, water level, water pH, and plant nutrients which have been transferred to the microcontroller so that they can be processed to be displayed on the LCD screen and if the sensor reading values do not match the optimal limits then the microcontroller will activate the misting pump, peltier, water pump, and mini DC pump automatically. With the automatic control system, the condition of these parameters can be maintained at optimal limits

Objective: To investigate the environmental and social aspects of poverty contributing to malaria incidence in Indonesia from 2016 to 2020. Methods: Random forest regression was used to analyse the independent variables contributing to malaria incidence. Environmental conditions were extracted from remotely sensed data, including vegetation, land temperature, soil moisture, precipitation, and elevation. In contrast, the social aspects of poverty were obtained from government statistical reports. Results: From 2016 to 2020, the contribution of each environmental and social aspect of poverty to malaria incidence fluctuated annually. Generally, the top three essential variables were people aged 15 years and above, experiencing poverty (variable importance/VI=32.0%), people experiencing poverty who work in the agricultural sector (VI=14.4%), and precipitation (VI=9.8%). It was followed by people experiencing poverty who are unemployed (VI=9.2%), land temperature (VI=5.2%), people experiencing poverty who have low education (VI=8.0%), soil moisture (VI=7.4%), elevation (VI=6.0%), and vegetation (VI=3.8%). Conclusions: Poverty and variables related to climate have become the crucial determinants of malaria in Indonesia. The government must strengthen malaria surveillance through climate change mitigation and adaptation programs and accelerate poverty alleviation programs to support malaria elimination.

This study examines the capital structure, liquidity, profit growth, and financial performance of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary sector based on local raw materials in Tasikmalaya City. A quantitative research approach with a descriptive-analytical method was employed, analyzing data from 33 sampled MSMEs. The findings reveal that the majority of MSMEs maintain a satisfactory capital structure, adequate liquidity, and positive profit growth. Furthermore, the financial performance of these MSMEs, particularly in terms of profitability, is commendable. The study concludes that there is a positive relationship between capital structure, liquidity, profit growth, and financial performance in these MSMEs, highlighting the importance of effective management in achieving business success.

Abstract Pain in the lower back is a major concern in today’s era due to prolonged sitting in two-wheeler riders, mainly due to hamstring tightness. It also creates physical disability and impairment in activities of daily living. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of muscle energy technique (MET) and self-myofascial release (SMFR) using the foam roller on hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance, and physical disability amongst two-wheeler riders with chronic low back pain (LBP). Participants were randomized into two intervention groups, MET and SMFR using the envelope method, with each group having 20 participants. Hamstring flexibility and range of motion for knee extension and the lower back were assessed using the active knee extension test (AKE-L and AKE-R) and sit and reach test (SRT), while the dynamic balance was assessed by the star excursion balance test (SEBT) and physical disability by Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire, (RMDQ). Measurements were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention. This study demonstrated that both SMFR using a foam roller and MET are effective in enhancing hamstring muscle flexibility, (SRT—F(1, 38) = 299.5, p

SMAN 1 Durenan has a plan to organize the allocation of classes for new students using a system to achieve practical and efficient student grouping. The reason for implementing this class allocation system is SMAN 1 Durenan aims to create a new system to process student data for class allocation according to specific needs. This research involves the development of a Recommendation System for Clustering to Allocate Classes for New Students using the K-Means method. The system processes data of newly enrolled students at SMAN 1 Durenan based on specific attributes. The results of this student data processing serve as considerations and references for SMAN 1 Durenan to perform class allocation as needed. The analysis in this research utilizes the K-Means method to obtain data clusters that maximize the similarity of characteristics within each group and maximize the differences between the collections created. The developed recommendation system website provides information about the student data clustering results from the K-Means process at SMAN 1 Durenan.

Kelompok Tani Sumber Kembang (KTSK) is a community organization of farmer’s coffee around the Argopuro. KTSK was formed to benefit the community. Still, there are several problems, namely the low quality of the coffee, relatively simple technology, familial institutions, low human resource skills, and limited capital. This research was conducted to create a coffee agroindustry development strategy in Jember. The research methods used the ISM and AHP methods. Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) produces critical sub-elements in the elements of objectives, constraints, actors, activities, and the needs for the development of the coffee agroindustry. AHP method is used to generate development strategy priorities. The results of this research are the key sub-elements, namely the development of an agropolitan area with a model of integration of the upstream and downstream industries. Farmers' institutional development needs to be improved to make a good synergy between coffee farmers, Puslit Koka and Perhutani. This provides recommendations for decision-makers in planning the development of the coffee agroindustry

Background: Major surgeries can develop metabolic acidosis during the perioperative period. Any clinical condition leading to decreased tissue oxygenation causes lactate levels to rise proportionally. Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed at evaluating perioperative serum lactate as a predictor of length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing emergency major abdominal surgeries. Materials and Methods: Adult patients posted for emergency abdominal surgical procedures were enrolled for 2 years. Patients were observed intraoperatively and lactate levels were measured. In post-operative period lactate levels were recorded for 24 h. Relationship of lactate with hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality was analyzed. Results: Total of 93 patients were enrolled for 2 years. Mean age was 50.4 years. Mean baseline lactate was 2.95 mmol/L. Total in-hospital mortality was 16.1%. Thirteen patients had perioperative serum lactate level of ≤ 2 mmol/l, with a mean hospital length of stay of 8.6 days and no mortality. Fifty-one patients having perioperative serum lactate between 2 and 4 mmol/L, with a mean hospital length of stay of 11.2 days and mortality of 13.3%. Twenty-nine patients had serum lactate of >4 mmol/L, with a mean hospital length of stay of 17.3 days and mortality of 86.7%. Elevated serum lactate was associated with a longer length of hospital stay, with lactate at 12 h having the highest predictive value (area under curve 0.987). Similarly, lactate at 12 h had the highest accuracy at predicting mortality as per receiver operating characteristic (AUC 0.895). Conclusion: Serum lactate was associated with increased in-hospital mortality and longer length of hospital stay in emergency abdominal surgeries.

Background Regular exercise during pregnancy improves fetal and mother outcomes unless contraindicated. Despite being generally safe and beneficial, non-participation in prenatal activity is relatively common among most of the Asian countries due to multiple reasons. In India, findings related to maternal physical activity and its determinant are scant. Objective The objective of this study is to assess the physical activity level and associated factors among pregnant women attending maternal healthcare services in Dakshina Kannada District in India. Method A multi-center community-based cross-sectional study was conducted recruiting 424 pregnant women attending the maternal healthcare facilities at four taluks of Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka state, India. A structured questionnaire that collected information on socio-demographic, and maternal characteristics was used and the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire tool was used to determine the physical activity during pregnancy. Logistic regression model was used to determine the predictor variables. Results The prevalence of physical inactivity was 40.33%. Physical activity is favorable among pregnant women aged between 25 to 29 years, residing in an urban locality, diploma or graduation and being housewife. Determinants of physical inactivity during pregnancy were sedentary occupation (AOR 7.22, 95% CI 2.2, 23.4), low family income (AOR 3.16, 95% CI 1.414, 7.054), having one child (AOR 5.4, 95% CI 1.3, 22.2), during 2 nd trimester (AOR 2.513, 95% CI 1.5, 4.23) and self-reported lack of time (AOR 2.884, 95% CI 1.410, 5.901). Conclusion and recommendation A moderate proportion of pregnant women reported physical inactivity during pregnancy in the Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. Physical inactivity was associated with sedentary employment, low income, number of children, trimester, and time constraints. Measures should be undertaken to promote the importance of recommended levels of physical activity, enhance access, and support system targeting pregnant women.

Background To ensure the validity and therapeutic utility of the Neck disability index (NDI) scale, translations, cultural adaptations and psychometric evidence is necessary. This study aimed to address the absence of a suitable and validated Hindi version of the NDI for the rural population. The specific objectives were to translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Hindi version of the NDI. Methods Following guidelines provided by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, the original English NDI scale was cross-culturally adapted into Hindi. The adaptation process included translations (forward and backward), expert committee review, pre-testing and cognitive debriefing with 30 individuals experiencing chronic non-specific neck pain. The outcome of this process was the creation of the Hindi version of the NDI, termed NDI-Hi. Subsequently, NDI-Hi was administered to 211 participants with neck pain from multiple centers for psychometric testing. The evaluation involved test-retest reliability over a 48-hour interval, factor analysis, assessment of internal reliability measures, and criterion-related validity by comparing it with the NPAD-Hindi version. Results The NDI-Hi version exhibited favorable psychometric properties, including good test-retest reliability with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.87. Internal consistency of the scale was high, indicated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) of 0.96. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was determined to be 2.58, and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated to be 7.15. Furthermore, the NDI-Hi showed significant correlation with the NPAD-Hindi version, with a correlation coefficient (rho) of 0.86, and a p-value of less than 0.001. Conclusions The NDI-Hi demonstrated validity and reliability as an outcome tool for assessing neck disability. It can be effectively utilized in clinical practice and research settings involving Hindi-speaking individuals with chronic non-specific neck pain. The adapted scale is particularly well-suited for the rural Northern Indian Hindi-speaking population.

This article discusses the lexical and semantic representation through the collocation that appeared in the Coronavirus Corpus. This research investigates the frequent collocates that appeared together with the node word Corona and find out how those collocates construct the meaning through the linguistic system and conceptual system as they are involved in lexical representation. This research offers a new insight into teaching language using Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models (Evans, 2009). The data collected are from the Coronavirus corpus by using the corpus-based method. The strength of the keywords and collocate is measured by using Mutual Information (MI). The MI was set in 5; therefore, three lexemes resulted, i.e., cases, patients, and outbreak. The data were analyzed using the lexical concept and cognitive model proposed by Evans (2009). The research results, in general, reveal that the information is coming from the "authorized institution" and "government's representative"; it needs "the official approval or agreement" before publishing to the media, and in the passive form, it describes the foregrounded information and agentless informational assertion. Therefore, the information should be accurate and firm. However, another lexical concept reveals that the information is terrorizing and terrifying; the educated and trained person should also conduct the treatment.

Background The pandemic exacerbated burnout experienced by healthcare personnel, whose mental health had long been a public health concern before COVID-19. This study used the Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI) tool to assess burnout and identify predictors among Indian healthcare workers managing COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2022, after the third pandemic wave. A web-based, fillable Google form was used to recruit COVID-19 management professionals from multiple Jaipur district hospitals. Healthcare professionals provided socio-demographic, work-related, and CBI scores. Multiple linear regression was used to control for model covariant independent variables. Results We evaluated the responses of a total of 578 participants with a mean age of 36.59 ± 9.1 years. Based on the CBI cut-off score of 50, 68.1% reported burnout. A total of 67.5%, 56.4%, and 48.6% of healthcare workers reported work-related, personal, and patient-related burnout, respectively. High burnout scores were significantly associated with the nursing profession (β = 7.89, 95% CI; 3.66, 12.11, p

Background To ensure the validity and therapeutic utility of the Neck disability index (NDI) scale, translations, cultural adaptations and psychometric evidence is necessary. This study aimed to address the absence of a suitable and validated Hindi version of the NDI for the rural population. The specific objectives were to translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Hindi version of the NDI. Methods Following guidelines provided by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, the original English NDI scale was cross-culturally adapted into Hindi. The adaptation process included translations (forward and backward), expert committee review, pre-testing and cognitive debriefing with 30 individuals experiencing chronic non-specific neck pain. The outcome of this process was the creation of the Hindi version of the NDI, termed NDI-Hi. Subsequently, NDI-Hi was administered to 211 participants with neck pain from multiple centers for psychometric testing. The evaluation involved test-retest reliability over a 48-hour interval, factor analysis, assessment of internal reliability measures, and criterion-related validity by comparing it with the NPAD-Hindi version. Results The NDI-Hi version exhibited favorable psychometric properties, including good test-retest reliability with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.87. Internal consistency of the scale was high, indicated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) of 0.96. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was determined to be 2.58, and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated to be 7.15. Furthermore, the NDI-Hi showed significant correlation with the NPAD-Hindi version, with a correlation coefficient (rho) of 0.86, and a p-value of less than 0.001. Conclusions The NDI-Hi demonstrated validity and reliability as an outcome tool for assessing neck disability. It can be effectively utilized in clinical practice and research settings involving Hindi-speaking individuals with chronic non-specific neck pain. The adapted scale is particularly well-suited for the rural Northern Indian Hindi-speaking population.

Obesity has erupted as an epidemic around the world. It has set itself as a fast wave among other prevailing specific clusters of non-communicable diseases. The current study reviews and presents an updated meaningful review of the vast research work performed at schools located in different cities of India. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and PEDro. Studies representing data on obesity and overweight among children in Indian cities were included in the review. A total of 21 articles with 71,466 participants were included in the review for analysis. Obesity developed in childhood and adolescence is greatly associated with heart disease, stroke and cancer (breast and ovarian in women and prostate in men) in the late stage of life. In India, despite being a country with a faster rate of population becoming overweight and obese in urban areas, in contrast, rural areas are still struggling with malnutrition.

Research on comic strip humor in linguistic studies has yet to be done much by scientists. Comic features that convey messages in pictures and words cause linguists to examine humor more in its verbal elements only. This study's objectives were: 1) creating a transcription method that linguists can use to study comics, 2) analyzing how authors create humor, and 3) describing how to understand the purpose of humor in comic strips. The corpus was a comic strip book entitled The Best of Sazae-san (Hasegawa, 2015). The data were analyzed using linguistics, narrative, and humor theories. The study's results found that the transcription method proposed in this study can translate visual into verbal narratives through three elements: The character, setting, and perspective. This research can also show how comic humor is created with a twist in the form of a punch line that subverts readers' expectations, as well as that comic strips' humor, in addition to aiming to entertain, also criticizes.

Abstract Background The efficacy of the erector spinae plane (ESP) block in mitigating postoperative pain has been shown for a range of thoracic and abdominal procedures. However, there is a paucity of literature investigating its impact on postoperative analgesia as well as its influence on weaning and subsequent recovery in comparison to thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) in median sternotomy-based approach for open-cardiac surgeries and hence the study. Methods Irrespective of gender or age, 74 adult patients scheduled to undergo open cardiac surgery were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups: the Group TEA (thoracic epidural block) and the Group ESP (bilateral Erector Spinae Plane block). The following variables were analysed prospectively and compared among the groups with regard to pain control, as determined by the VAS Scale both at rest (VASR) and during spirometry (VASS), time to extubation, quantity and frequency of rescue analgesia delivered, day of first ambulation, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and any adverse cardiac events (ACE), respiratory events (ARE), or other events, if pertinent. Results Clinical and demographic variables were similar in both groups. Both groups had overall good pain control, as determined by the VAS scale both at rest (VASR) and with spirometry (VASS) with Group ESP demonstrating superior pain regulation compared to Group TEA during the post-extubation period at 6, 9, and 12 h, respectively (P > 0.05). Although statistically insignificant, the postoperative mean rescue analgesic doses utilised in both groups were comparable, but there was a higher frequency requirement in Group TEA. The hemodynamic and respiratory profiles were comparable, except for a few arrhythmias in Group TEA. With comparable results, early recovery, fast-track extubation, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay were achieved. Conclusions The ESP block has been found to have optimal analgesic effects during open cardiac surgery, resulting in a decreased need for additional analgesic doses and eliminating the possibility of a coagulation emergency. Consequently, it presents itself as a safer alternative to the potentially invasive thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA).

Background: Several clinical tools are used for preoperative airway assessment. Ultrasound is an emerging tool in anesthesia, and its role in the upper airway needs to be explored. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to assess the role of airway ultrasound in predicting difficult laryngoscopy and airway changes following induction of anesthesia. Materials and Methods: Clinical airway assessment was performed with a modified Mallampati score in 100 elective surgical patients. Ultrasound variables in pre- and post-induction of anesthesia were: distance between the skin and vocal cords at the hyoid bone (DSVC hb), distance from the skin to the thyroid isthmus, distance from the skin to the tracheal ring at suprasternal notch level, and distance between the skin and the cricothyroid (DSCM). Cormack–Lehane (CL) grades 3b and 4 were classified as having a DL. Association of clinical, ultrasonography (USG) indicators and CL grading was correlated. Dynamic changes in anterior neck tissues following induction of anesthesia were also measured. Results: Pre-induction USG variables were significantly higher in the DL group compared to the NDL group (P

Purpose – This study aims to determine the practice of resolving changes in the biodata of marriage certificates at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in the KUA of Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency, besides that the author also wants to know what obstacles occur in the settlement of changes in marriage certificates after the issuance of Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 20 of 2019 concerning Marriage Registration. Methods – This research uses empirical juridical methods with a socio-legal approach. And in collecting data the author uses interview techniques, documentation, observation, literature study and internet searching. Data analysis is done in three ways, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification.. Findings – The results showed that in the practice of resolving changes in the biodata of marriage certificates at the KUA Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency was not fully in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 20 of 2019 concerning Marriage Registration. This is due to the absence of the latest birth certificate and certificate issued by the population and civil registration office as the basis for the KUA in changing the biodata of the marriage certificate. Research implications/limitations – Thus, based on the above conclusions, the authors recommend as a form of evaluation for related parties regarding changes in the biodata of the marriage certificate at the KUA Krian District. Originality/value – This research is important because the implementation of minister of religion regulation number 20 of 2019 at the religious affairs office has not been maximised. Therefore, the existence of this research is expected to be a practical reference for other KUAs by making the practice of changing the biodata of the marriage certificate of the Krian District KUA the object of study.

This research analyzes strategic management based on Islamic values at Islamic boarding school-based universities in East Java Province. Through a cross-case qualitative approach, this research analyzes the strategic formulation, implementation, and evaluation stages and their implications for improving the quality of education. Interviews, observations, and documentation were conducted to obtain accurate and valid data. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model: data collection, data presentation, data condensation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that the strategic planning process needs to be carried out through deliberation with core stakeholders and HR (human resources) involved in higher education institutions and the need to develop Islamic values in the strategic planning process, namely istiqamah (continuously), da'wah (inviting people to join), ittihad (unity), mashlahah (general goodness), ihtiyat (prudence). These Islamic values were developed to optimize strategic planning components: scanning, establishing a vision, mission, tag lines, policies, and strategies. These several components form a unit that cannot be separated in the strategic planning process in responding to the future challenges of educational institutions.