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Guarujá, a tourist city in Baixada Santista – SP that comprises the left bank of the Port of Santos, which plays a leading role as a lever for the country's economic development. However, because of its intense expansion, the city was surprised by an important logistical bottleneck for the flow of production, which generates intense congestion in the streets close to the port area. The lack of fluidity in traffic culminates in intense emission of gases and particulate matter (PM), resulting in increased of atmospheric pollution. Although the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) is responsible for monitoring air quality, in Guarujá this monitoring is recent and has only one manual station. Vicente de Carvalho is the neighborhood where Porto is located and where, predominantly, its activities and negotiations take place. The population who lives in the place is around 150,000 inhabitants. Therefore, monitoring by CETESB is not representative of polluting activities. This research presents the concentrations of heavy metals that were determined, by an alternative method, which uses plants as bioindicators of pollution. Cadmium is a metal that is commonly present in the composition of diesel. Its concentrations in areas with intense movement of trucks were 155 times greater than those observed in regions without pollution. The diagnosis of pollution carried out in Guarujá has contributed to the understanding of the complexity of urban environmental problems, providing SEMAM with inputs for the formulation of public policies aimed at achieving fairer and more balanced socio-environmental conditions.

The control of air pollution remains a challenge to the planning of cities and fossil fuel burning is the main cause of air degradation. Particulate matter (PM) is the contaminant commonly used as an indicator of pollution, but environmental agencies may face difficulties in operating surveillance networks due to the lack of resources and infrastructure. As an alternative to conventional networks, scientific studies have pointed out that nature itself can contribute to the diagnosis and reduction of air pollution. Nature-based solutions (NbS) are proposals that use natural processes and structures to meet different environmental challenges. In this study, biomonitoring with Tillandsia usneoides was applied as a NbS tool to evaluate air quality in an important port urban area in the city of Guarujá, Brazil, affected by industrial and vehicular emissions. It was observed that cadmium mass fractions were at least forty times higher than the control area with one-month exposition.

Resumo Conflitos socioambientais resultam de pressões antrópicas sobre o meio ambiente e refletem questões sociais e políticas, principalmente onde o poder público não ascende com soluções para atender às necessidades dos cidadãos. Embora exista relevante literatura científica brasileira, nesta priorizam-se estudos de “diagnósticos”, com lacuna de estudos direcionados à mediação por meio de modelos adaptados a embates, atores envolvidos e danos ambientais. Assim, apresenta-se uma análise sobre formas de mediação de conflitos, em São Mateus do Sul-PR, cidade que abriga uma indústria de mineração de xisto. Divergências a partir de reclamações dos moradores sobre problemas respiratórios levaram à proposição de uma ação judicial pelo Ministério Público do Paraná. Foi utilizado o Modelo Diagnóstico de Rondeau (1996), com intuito de analisar potenciais formas para explicar e, então, mediar o conflito, em alternativa à judicialização. Dados primários foram obtidos pela análise de conteúdo de Ações Civis Públicas protocoladas no Poder Judiciário/PR. Devido ao fato de os tribunais estarem repletos de casos da área ambiental sem solução, verifica-se a importância do estudo à proposição de abordagens de negociação para embates socioambientais, por meio de modelos teóricos com soluções em curto espaço de tempo. Abstract Socio-environmental conflicts are issues result from anthropic pressure on the environment that reflect social and politics aspects, mostly where the public power does not provide solutions for the necessity of local citizens. In Brazil, there are relevant scientific works related to the theme. Most articles present a diagnostic regarding the conflict. There is a gap on studies based on theorical approaches that consider a specific case and the people involved in it. Accordingly, this paper takes into account São Mateus do Sul - PR, a city that hosts a shale mining plant. Disagreements from the citizen that claims on respiratory diseases resulted to a lawsuit by the Public Ministry of Paraná. The conflict was analyzed by Dynamic Analysis Rondeau Model (1996), to indicate other solutions, besides judicialization of conflicts. Primary data were obtained through the analysis of the content of public civil actions filed at Judiciary/PR. Take into account the challenge of the theme and the fact that the courts are filled of unsolved socio-environmental conflicts, this article brings an important issue: the evaluate of conflicts based on theorical approaches that might result in decision-makers in a short time.