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2. Social Tie Formation of COVID-19 Students: Evidence from a Two-Cohort Longitudinal Study

Author

Sigurdardottir, Margret Sigrun, Torfason, Magnus Thor, and Jonsdottir, Anna Helga

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent move of higher education to online courses has disrupted the learning paths of many students. Social network data were collected from two cohorts of students, those starting their higher education in normal conditions in 2017 and those starting in 2020 during the pandemic. The findings showed that students in the 2020 cohort reported making fewer connections at the beginning of the first semester and developed significantly fewer connections during the first semester. Female students lost the relative advantage they had compared with male students in developing new connections. Based on our findings, and because of the importance of social connections made during the first year of study, the 2020 cohort will need considerable support in catching up with previous cohorts. The findings provide strong support for the assumption that online studies offer limited possibilities in building social connections compared with on-campus education.

Published
2023
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3. Student Evaluation of Teaching: Gender Bias in a Country at the Forefront of Gender Equality

Author

Sigurdardottir, Margret Sigrun, Rafnsdottir, Gudbjorg Linda, Jónsdóttir, Anna Helga, and Kristofersson, Dadi Mar

Abstract

Research on gender equality in Higher Education indicates that female academics might not have the same opportunities for promotion as male academics. One of the are as in Higher Education where gender bias has been reported is in Student Evaluations of Teaching (SET). The aim of this article is to analyse possible gendered characteristics of communication between students and teachers in higher education, as reflected in SET. The article builds on mixed-method research. Five years of SET responses were analysed quantitatively and one year of open answers was analysed qualitatively. The qualitative data was then coded quantitatively. Iceland offers an excellent case for this study as it has been a forerunner in gender equality for years. The quantitative analysis shows that male students rate female teachers lower than their male counterparts, and the qualitative analyses indicate that the evaluation pattern of male and female teachers differs. Additionally, differences were found in the comments received by the teachers. Comments on male teachers referred to subject knowledge, while female teachers received comments on their service to students and relatability. There thus seems to be a gender bias in SET in Iceland despite its reputation for gender equality.

Published
2023
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4. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance with multiple paraproteins: A population‐based screening study.

Author

Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Óskarsson, Jón Þ., Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrun, Hultcrantz, Malin, Palmason, Robert, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur S., Eythorsson, Elias, Long, Thorir E., Olafsson, Isleifur, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Sigurdardottir, Margret, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Durie, Brian G. M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur J., and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2024
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5. Defining new reference intervals for serum free light chains in individuals with chronic kidney disease: Results of the iStopMM study

Author

Long, Thorir Einarsson, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Palsson, Runolfur, Rognvaldsson, Sæmundur, Love, Thorvardur Jon, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G. M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Yngvi

Published
2022
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7. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and COVID-19: a population-based cohort study

Author

Rognvaldsson, Saemundur, Eythorsson, Elias, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Olafsson, Isleifur, Runolfsdottir, Hrafnhildur L., Helgason, Dadi, Emilsdottir, Arna R., Agustsson, Arnar S., Bjornsson, Aron H., Kristjansdottir, Gudrun, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, Olafsson, Andri, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Kampanis, Petros, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G. M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Palsson, Runolfur, Love, Thorvarður Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Yngvi

Published
2021
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9. Association Between Autoimmune Diseases and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: An Analysis From a Population-Based Screening Study.

Author

Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Rognvaldsson, Sæmundur, Aspelund, Thor, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Palmason, Robert, Olafsson, Isleifur, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, Thordardóttir, Asdis Rosa, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, and Olafsson, Andri

Subjects
MONOCLONAL gammopathies, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, MEDICAL screening, POISSON regression, MULTIPLE myeloma, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

Prior studies suggest a possible association between autoimmune conditions and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, but these findings may reflect ascertainment bias inherent in the study design. This current study mitigates the bias by examining the association using data from a population-based screening study. Visual Abstract. Association Between Autoimmune Diseases and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Prior studies suggest a possible association between autoimmune conditions and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, but these findings may reflect ascertainment bias inherent in the study design. This current study mitigates the bias by examining the association using data from a population-based screening study. Background: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a precursor of multiple myeloma (MM) and related conditions. In previous registry-based, retrospective studies, autoimmune diseases have been associated with MGUS. However, these studies were not based on a screened population and are therefore prone to ascertainment bias. Objective: To examine whether MGUS is associated with autoimmune diseases. Design: A cross-sectional study within iStopMM (Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents MM), a prospective, population-based screening study of MGUS. Setting: Icelandic population of adults aged 40 years or older. Patients: 75 422 persons screened for MGUS. Measurements: Poisson regression for prevalence ratios (PRs) of MGUS among persons with or without an autoimmune disease, adjusted for age and sex. Results: A total of 10 818 participants had an autoimmune disorder, of whom 599 had MGUS (61 with a prior clinical diagnosis and 538 diagnosed at study screening or evaluation). A diagnosis of an autoimmune disease was not associated with MGUS (PR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.97 to 1.15]). However, autoimmune disease diagnoses were associated with a prior clinical diagnosis of MGUS (PR, 2.11 [CI, 1.64 to 2.70]). Limitation: Registry data were used to gather information on autoimmune diseases, and the homogeneity of the Icelandic population may limit the generalizability of these results. Conclusion: The study did not find an association between autoimmune disease and MGUS in a systematically screened population. Previous studies not done in systematically screened populations have likely been subject to ascertainment bias. The findings indicate that recommendations to routinely screen patients with autoimmune disease for MGUS may not be warranted. Primary Funding Source: The International Myeloma Foundation and the European Research Council. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Development of a Multivariable Model to Predict the Need for Bone Marrow Sampling in Persons With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: A Cohort Study Nested in a Clinical Trial.

Author

Eythorsson, Elias, Rognvaldsson, Saemundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Einarsson Long, Thorir, Reed, Elin Ruth, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni A., Sigurdardottir, Margret, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, and Olafsson, Andri

Subjects
BONE marrow, BONE marrow cells, MULTIPLE myeloma, CLINICAL trials, COHORT analysis
Abstract

Smoldering multiple myeloma is an asymptomatic precursor to multiple myeloma that has a higher risk of progression than monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and may warrant closer monitoring. This study develops a new prediction model to predict the likelihood of smoldering multiple myeloma in persons with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to inform the decision to obtain a bone marrow sample and compares its performance to the Mayo Clinic risk stratification model. Visual Abstract. Development of a Multivariable Model to Predict the Need for Bone Marrow Sampling in Persons With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Smoldering multiple myeloma is an asymptomatic precursor to multiple myeloma that has a higher risk of progression than monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and may warrant closer monitoring. This study develops a new prediction model to predict the likelihood of smoldering multiple myeloma in persons with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to inform the decision to obtain a bone marrow sample and compares its performance to the Mayo Clinic risk stratification model. Background: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are asymptomatic precursor conditions to multiple myeloma and related disorders. Smoldering multiple myeloma is distinguished from MGUS by 10% or greater bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) on sampling, has a higher risk for progression, and requires specialist management. Objective: To develop a multivariable prediction model that predicts the probability that a person with presumed MGUS has 10% or greater BMPC (SMM or worse by bone marrow criteria) to inform the decision to obtain a bone marrow sample and compare its performance to the Mayo Clinic risk stratification model. Design: iStopMM (Iceland Screens, Treats or Prevents Multiple Myeloma), a prospective population-based screening study of MGUS. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03327597) Setting: Icelandic population of adults aged 40 years or older. Patients: 1043 persons with IgG, IgA, light-chain, and biclonal MGUS detected by screening and an interpretable bone marrow sample. Measurements: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance isotype; monoclonal protein concentration; free light-chain ratio; and total IgG, IgM, and IgA concentrations were used as predictors. Bone marrow plasma cells were categorized as 0% to 4%, 5% to 9%, 10% to 14%, or 15% or greater. Results: The c-statistic for SMM or worse was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.88), and calibration was excellent (intercept, −0.07; slope, 0.95). At a threshold of 10% predicted risk for SMM or worse, sensitivity was 86%, specificity was 67%, positive predictive value was 32%, and negative predictive value was 96%. Compared with the Mayo Clinic model, the net benefit for the decision to refer for sampling was between 0.13 and 0.30 higher over a range of plausible low-risk thresholds. Limitation: The prediction model will require external validation. Conclusion: This accurate prediction model for SMM or worse was developed in a population-based cohort of persons with presumed MGUS and may be used to defer bone marrow sampling and referral to hematology. Primary Funding Source: International Myeloma Foundation and the European Research Council. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Prevalence of MGUS Is High in the Istopmm Study but the Prevalence of IgA MGUS Does Not Increase with Age in the Way Other Immunoglobulin Subtypes Do

Author

Love, Thorvardur Jon, primary, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Aspelund, Thor, additional, Reed, Elin Ruth, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Gislason, Gauti, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Einarsson Long, Thorir, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2022
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12. Transient M-Proteins: Epidemiology, Causes, and the Impact of Mass Spectrometry: The Istopmm Study

Author

Palmason, Robert, primary, Berlanga, Oscar, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Ekberg, Sara, additional, Crowther, Michael, additional, Levy, Marina, additional, Reed, Elin Ruth, additional, Oskarsson, Jon Þórir, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, additional, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Aspelund, Thor, additional, Gislason, Gauti, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Einarsson Long, Thorir, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2022
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13. Sars-Cov-2 Vaccinations Do Not Lead to Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results from the Population-Based Istopmm Screening Study

Author

Palmason, Robert, primary, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Ekberg, Sara, additional, Crowther, Michael, additional, Reed, Elin Ruth, additional, Oskarsson, Jon Þórir, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Aspelund, Thor, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Gislason, Gauti, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Einarsson Long, Thorir, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2022
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14. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) with Multiple Paraproteins: Results from the Population-Based Istopmm Screening Study

Author

Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, primary, Oskarsson, Jon Þórir, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Reed, Elin Ruth, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, additional, Palmason, Robert, additional, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Aspelund, Thor, additional, Gislason, Gauti, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur S, additional, Hakonardottir, Gudlaug Katrin, additional, Einarsson Long, Thorir, additional, Danielsen, Ragnar, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2022
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18. Screening for Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: A Population-Based Randomized Clinical Trial. First Results from the Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, primary, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Reed, Elin Ruth, additional, Oskarsson, Jon Thorir Thorir, additional, Petursdottir, Iris, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, additional, Palmason, Robert, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, additional, Juliusdottir, Maria Soffia, additional, Hakonardottir, Gudlaug Katrin, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Danielsen, Ragnar, additional, Kampanis, Petros, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, and Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional

Published
2021
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19. Prevalence of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: Results from the Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, primary, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, additional, Aspelund, Thor, additional, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Oskarsson, Jon Thorir Thorir, additional, Petursdottir, Iris, additional, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Kampanis, Petros, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Yngvi, additional

Published
2021
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20. Defining New Reference Intervals for Serum Free Light Chains in Individuals with Reduced Kidney Function: Results of the Population- Based on Iceland Screens Treats or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Einarsson Long, Thorir, primary, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Gislason, Gauti, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Kampanis, Petros, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Yngvi, additional

Published
2021
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21. Monitoring of Circulating Tumor Plasma Cells in Patients with Precursor Conditions of Multiple Myeloma: Data from the Prospective Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Óskarsson, Jón Þórir, primary, Petursdottir, Iris, additional, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Palmason, Robert, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2021
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22. Estimating Selection Bias in Previous Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance Research - the Importance of Screening: Results from the Population-Based Screening Study Iceland Screens, Treats or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM)

Author

Sigurbergsdóttir, Aðalbjörg Ýr, primary, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur Solveig, additional, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Kampanis, Petros, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2021
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23. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and COVID-19: Results from the Population-Based Iceland Screens Treats or Prevents Multiple Myeloma Study (iStopMM)

Author

Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, primary, Eythorsson, Elias, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, additional, Vidarsson, Brynjar, additional, Onundarson, Pall Torfi, additional, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret, additional, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, additional, Olafsson, Isleifur, additional, Runolfsdottir, Hrafnhildur Linnet, additional, Helgason, Dadi, additional, Emilsdóttir, Arna, additional, Bjornsson, Aron H, additional, Kristjansdottir, Gudrun, additional, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, additional, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, additional, Jonsson, Asbjorn, additional, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, additional, Olafsson, Andri, additional, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, additional, Kampanis, Petros, additional, Hultcrantz, Malin, additional, Durie, Brian G.M., additional, Harding, Stephen, additional, Landgren, Ola, additional, Love, Thorvardur Jon, additional, Palsson, Runolfur, additional, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, additional

Published
2021
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25. Revised Definition of Free Light Chains in Serum and Light Chain Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results of the Istopmm Study

Author

Einarsson Long, Thorir, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur, Eythorsson, Elias, Indridason, Olafur, Palsson, Runolfur, Aspelund, Thor, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian GM, Harding, Stephen J., Love, Thorvardur Jon, Landgren, Ola, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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26. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and the Risk of Thrombotic Events: Results from Istopmm, a Population-Based Screening Study in Iceland

Author

Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Gasparini, Alessandro, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur, Eythorsson, Elias, Long, Thorir E., Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Oskarsson, Jon, Palmason, Robert, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur, Aspelund, Thor, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian GM, Harding, Stephen J., Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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27. Sars-Cov-2 Infection Does Not Lead to Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results from the Population-Based Istopmm Screening Study

Author

Palmason, Robert, Ekberg, Sara, Eythorsson, Elias, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Crowther, Michael, Reed, Elin Ruth, Oskarsson, Jon, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, Aspelund, Thor, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Indridason, Olafur, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Long, Thorir E., Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian GM, Harding, Stephen J., Landgren, Ola, Palsson, Runolfur, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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28. Predicting an Underlying Clonal Plasma Cell Population in Light-Chain Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance Using Free Light-Chain Ratio

Author

Oskarsson, Jon Thorir, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Long, Thorir E., Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Palmason, Robert, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Olafsson, Isleifur, Harding, Stephen J., Durie, Brian GM, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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29. Risk Factors of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: Results from the Screened Istopmm Study

Author

Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Ekberg, Sara, Hultcrantz, Malin, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Oskarsson, Jon Thorir, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Einarsson Long, Thorir, Durie, Brian GM, Harding, Stephen J., Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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30. The Early Benefits and Psychological Effects of Screening for Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results of the Istopmm Study

Author

Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdottir, Sigrun, Oskarsson, Jon, Eythorsson, Elias, Sigurdardottir, Gudrun Asta, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Pall T., Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardottir, Margret, Olafsson, Isleifur, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Bjornsson, Andri Steinthor, Wessman, Inga Dröfn, Gislason, Gauti, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Olafsson, Andri, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur, Long, Thorir E., Palmason, Robert, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur, Reed, Elin Ruth, Hakonardottir, Gudlaug Katrin, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian GM, Harding, Stephen J., Aspelund, Thor, Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y.

Published
2023
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31. SOCIAL TIE FORMATION OF COVID-19 STUDENTS: EVIDENCE FROM A TWO-COHORT LONGITUDINAL STUDY.

Author

SIGRUN SIGURDARDOTTIR, MARGRET, TORFASON, MAGNUS THOR, and JONSDOTTIR, ANNA HELGA

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent move of higher education to online courses has disrupted the learning paths of many students. Social network data were collected from two cohorts of students, those starting in 2017 and those starting in 2020 during the pandemic in an online learning environment. Students in the 2020 cohort reported fewer connections at the beginning of the first semester and developing significantly fewer connections during the first semester. The findings provide strong support for the assumption that online studies offer limited possibilities in building social connections compared with on-campus education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. Signaling Similarity in the Icelandic Labour Market: How Can Immigrants Reduce Statistical Discrimination?

Author

Kristinsson, Kari, Sigurdardottir, Margret Sigrun, Kristinsson, Kari, and Sigurdardottir, Margret Sigrun

Abstract

Research on immigration has emphasized the role that statistical discrimination plays in hiring decisions. A better understanding of how immigrants overcome this type of discrimination might lead to better interventions to improve their labour market participation. In this paper, we use qualitative interviews to examine how immigrants can reduce statistical discrimination by signalling their similarity to employers in their job applications. Specifically, we find that immigrants who demonstrate signal similarity to employers in the type of education, job experience and religion tend to reduce their statistical discrimination by employers. We suggest how further research can build on these results to provide possible tools for immigrant integration.

Published
2020

35. Circulating Tumor Plasma Cells in the Screened Istopmm Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Cohort

Author

Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, Oskarsson, Jon Þórir, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Gíslason, Gauti, Aspelund, Thor, Sigurdardóttir, Gudrún Ásta, Thórdardottir, Ásdis Rósa, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Thorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Eythorsson, Elias, Jónsson, Ásbjorn, Hultcrantz, Malin, Landgren, Ola, Harding, Stephen, Durie, Brian G.M., Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y

Published
2022
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36. Determining Hemodilution in Diagnostic Bone Marrow Samples in Multiple Myeloma and Its Precursors By Next-Generation Flow Cytometry: Data from the Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Óskarsson, Jón Þórir, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, þórðardóttir, Hrafnhildur Una, Hakonardottir, Gudlaug Katrin, Gunnarsson, Steinar Bragi, Sigurdardóttir, Gudrún Ásta, Thórdardottir, Ásdis Rósa, Gíslason, Gauti, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni Agnar, Palmason, Robert, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Thorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Flores-Montero, Juan, Orfao, Alberto, Durie, Brian G.M., Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y

Published
2022
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37. Hypercalcemia in Individuals with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results from the Istopmm Study

Author

Jónsdóttir, Ástrún Helga, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Sigurjónsdóttir, Helga Ágústa, Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Thorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Palmason, Robert, Thórdardottir, Ásdis Rósa, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur S, Einarsson Long, Thorir, Aspelund, Thor, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G.M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y

Published
2022
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38. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of the Population-Based Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma (iStopMM) Study

Author

Einarsson Long, Thorir, Eythorsson, Elias, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Indridason, Olafur, Palsson, Runolfur, Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur S, Aspelund, Thor, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Thordardottir, Asdis Rosa, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, Olafsson, Andri, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G.M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y

Published
2022
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39. Autoimmune Diseases Are Not Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Results of the Prospective Population-Based Istopmm Study

Author

Sverrisdottir, Ingigerdur S, Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Aspelund, Thor, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Önundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Thorsteinsdottir, Ingunn, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Palmason, Robert, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, Thórdardottir, Ásdis Rósa, Eythorsson, Elias, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur Skuli, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Einarsson Long, Thorir, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G.M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y, and Love, Thorvardur Jon

Published
2022
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40. Predicting the Need for Upfront Bone Marrow Sampling in Individuals with MGUS: Derivation of a Multivariable Prediction Model Using the Prospective Population-Based Istopmm Cohort

Author

Eythorsson, Elias, Rögnvaldsson, Sæmundur, Thorsteinsdóttir, Sigrún, Reed, Elin Ruth, Sigurdardóttir, Gudrún Ásta, Vidarsson, Brynjar, Onundarson, Páll Torfi, Agnarsson, Bjarni, Sigurdardóttir, Margrét, Ólafsson, Ísleifur, Þorsteinsdóttir, Ingunn, Sveinsdottir, Signy Vala, Sigurdsson, Fridbjorn, Thórdardottir, Ásdis Rósa, Palsson, Runolfur, Indridason, Olafur, Einarsson Long, Thorir, Jonsson, Asbjorn, Gislason, Gauti Kjartan, Olafsson, Andri, Sigurdsson, Jon Kristinn, Steingrimsdottir, Hlif, Hultcrantz, Malin, Durie, Brian G.M., Harding, Stephen, Landgren, Ola, Aspelund, Thor, Love, Thorvardur Jon, and Kristinsson, Sigurdur Y

Published
2022
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45. Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements Within EU: Under what Conditions could Single Taxation Be Secured?

Author

Sigurdardottir, Margret Agusta and Sigurdardottir, Margret Agusta

Abstract

The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the problems of hybrid mismatch arrangements within the EU and how single taxation, which requires income to be taxed once, not more or less, can be secured under EU law. After the amendments of the Parent-Subsidiary Directive (PSD), where an anti-hybrid rule was enacted, the legal environment for companies within the European Union changed. Parent companies are now punished by using, regardless of the purpose behind the arrangements, disparities of jurisdictions between Member States. Participation exemption of dividends is after the amendments disallowed in accordance to Article 4.1(1) of the PSD, if a payment, on the other hand, is deductible as interest expenses in the subsidiary State. The Council, as well as the Commission, is certain that mismatch arrangements create an obstacle for the internal market, but such an assessment is doubtful. For instance has the ECJ ruled in its judgments that juridical double taxation is not an obstacle which restricts or discriminates the TFEU fundamental freedoms. By analogy, the same should apply for double non-taxation. The Court has not agreed on that a Member State is obliged to take into consideration the deviating tax treatment of the another Member State, which is exactly what the PSD anti-hybrid rule requires the parent State to do. A lack of a subjective measure within the anti-hybrid rule results in arrangements which are reflecting economic reality and commercially justified are captured by the rule. Interestingly, this is not considered by the EU legislators to be an obstacle to the internal market. This is contrary to various judgements of the Court where it has been concluded that Member States cannot enact measures in a general manner which presume tax avoidance. It is according to the Court only justified to restrict the freedoms provided in the TFEU if the arrangements are wholly artificial, as well as proportionate. However, that is not the case with the anti-hybrid ru

Published
2016

50. Linkage of Osteoporosis to Chromosome 20p12 and Association to BMP2

Author

Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, primary, Cazier, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Kong, Augustine, additional, Rolfsson, Ottar, additional, Larsen, Helene, additional, Bjarnadottir, Emma, additional, Johannsdottir, Vala D, additional, Sigurdardottir, Margret S, additional, Bagger, Yu, additional, Christiansen, Claus, additional, Reynisdottir, Inga, additional, Grant, Struan F. A, additional, Jonasson, Kristjan, additional, Frigge, Michael L, additional, Gulcher, Jeffrey R, additional, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, additional, and Stefansson, Kari, additional

Published
2003
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