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The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of dietary patterns on the occurrence of dental caries. Using a population-based, cross-sectional study design, we assessed a sample of 1.439 children aged 6-13 years who were enrolled in public schools in the municipality of São Francisco do Conde, Bahia state, Brazil. Oral examinations for dental caries were performed by two dental surgeons (Kappa = 0.72) in the school environment under natural light with the aid of a wooden spatula and gauze. Dietary intake was assessed using the qualitative-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A questionnaire on the demographic and socioeconomic conditions was applied to the families. The Poisson multivariate analysis was performed for statistical purposes. Considering both dentitions, the prevalence of caries was 82.14% and 37.3% in the permanent and deciduous dentitions, respectively. The identified dietary patterns were classified into “standard obesogenic" and "prudent." The results showed statistically significant association between the obesogenic dietary pattern and dental caries; the proportion of students with dental caries was 1.4 times higher among those who most frequently consumed foods that constitute a standard obesogenic diet (PR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.04-1.96) compared to those who less frequently consumed these types of foods. A positive association between the obesogenic dietary pattern and dental caries was found in the students investigated. Therefore, the promotion of healthy eating habits and nutritional habits should be encouraged to prevent dental caries in children and adolescents. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a influência de padrões alimentares sobre a ocorrência de cárie dentária. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional, com uma amostra de 1.439 crianças de 6 a 13 anos, matriculadas em escolas públicas da cidade de São Francisco do Conde, no Estado da Bahia. Os exames de cárie dentária foram realizados por dois cirurgiões-dentistas (Kappa=0,72) no ambiente escolar, sob luz natural, com o auxílio de uma espátula de madeira e gaze. A ingestão alimentar foi avaliada por meio do questionário qualitativo-quantitativo de frequência alimentar. Um questionário sobre as condições demográficas e socioeconômicas foi aplicado nas famílias. A análise multivariada de Poisson foi realizada para fins estatísticos. Considerando ambas as dentições, as prevalências de cárie foram 82,14 e 37,3% nas dentições permanentes e decíduas, respectivamente. Os padrões alimentares identificados foram classificados em "padrão obesogênico", e os resultados mostraram uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre o padrão alimentar obesogênico e a cárie dentária "prudente". A proporção de alunos com cárie foi 1,4 vez maior entre aqueles que consomem frequentemente alimentos constituídos de uma dieta obesogênica padrão (RP=1,40 e IC95%=1,04-1,96) em comparação com aqueles que consomem, com menor frequência, esses tipos de alimentos.Uma associação positiva entre o padrão alimentar obesogênico e a cárie dentária foi encontrada nos estudantes Portanto, a promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e de hábitos nutricionais devem ser incentivados como forma de prevenção da cárie dentária em crianças e em adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of nutrition intervention actions on the lipid profile of children and adolescents enrolled in public elementary schools. METHODS: This nine-month, controlled, intervention study included 202 students aged 7 to 14 years attending two schools (intervention/control) located in a poor neighborhood of the municipality of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Actions were implemented in the intervention school to promote healthy eating habits, presented as "Ten steps to healthy eating". The effect of these actions was assessed by subjecting the students at baseline and end of the follow-up to biochemical, maturation, and anthropometric measurements and a produce intake survey. The dependent variables were the changes in the study biochemical parameters: total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Analysis of covariance assessed the changes that occurred over the study period. RESULTS: The mean total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the intervention students decreased 13.18 mg/dL (p=0.001), 7.41 mg/dL (p=0.038), and 12.37 mg/dL (p=0.029), respectively, compared with the control students. CONCLUSION: Actions of this nature have a positive impact on lipid profile. This study adds to those that use effective and viable public health strategies implementable at the primary care level. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito das ações de intervenção nutricional sobre o perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes matriculados na rede pública de ensino fundamental. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção, controlado, com duração de 9 meses, do qual participaram 202 estudantes, com idade entre 7 e 14 anos, matriculados em duas escolas (intervenção/controle) situadas em bairro pobre do município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Foram previstas para a escola sob intervenção ações com vistas à adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, traduzidos nos "Dez passos para uma alimentação saudável". Com o propósito de avaliar o efeito de tais ações, todos os alunos foram submetidos, no baseline e final do follow-up, aos exames bioquímicos, maturacionais e antropométricos. Além disso, responderam a um inquérito de consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes Adotaram-se como variáveis dependentes as mudanças nos parâmetros bioquímicos (colesterol total, lipoproteína de alta densidade-colesterol, lipoproteína de baixa densidade-colesterol e triacilglicerol). Para avaliar as mudanças ocorridas ao longo do tempo, empregou-se análise de covariância. RESULTADOS: Os estudantes sob intervenção apresentaram decremento de 13,18 mg/dL na média do colesterol total (p=0,001), de 7,41 mg/dL na média do lipoproteína de baixa densidade-colesterol (p=0,038) e de 12,37 mg/dL na média dos triacilglicerídeos (p=0,029) quando comparados àqueles que não foram submetidos à intervenção. CONCLUSÃO: Ações dessa natureza têm impacto positivo na adequação do perfil lipídico. Este estudo soma-se àqueles que adotam estratégias eficazes e viáveis em saúde pública, que podem ser desenvolvidas no âmbito da atenção básica.

Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-01-14T19:14:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauricio Barreto et al. 2013.pdf: 394363 bytes, checksum: 6ce57c2cdfa75eaea3c6fa87eea3ef06 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-01-14T19:14:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauricio Barreto et al. 2013.pdf: 394363 bytes, checksum: 6ce57c2cdfa75eaea3c6fa87eea3ef06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 Objective: To evaluate the association between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma in children from Latin America. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil. Subjects: The study included 1307 children aged 6–12 years from public elementary schools. Asthma symptoms were collected using a questionnaire that was translated and adapted from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood,phase III. The diagnosis of asthma was determined based on reports of wheezing in the previous 12 months. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was used to identify food insecurity. We also obtained demographic, socio-economic and anthropometric information for each participant. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of interest. Results: Of the children surveyed, 10?4% had a history of wheezing and 64?5% had some degree of food and nutrition insecurity. We found a positive dose–response relationship and statistically significant associations of asthma with moderate (OR51?71, 95% CI 1?01, 2?89) and severe (OR52?51, 95% CI 1?28, 4?93) food and nutrition insecurity. Conclusions: The results show that moderate and severe food and nutrition insecurity are markers of vulnerability to wheezing. It is important to note that the results of studies in this field have potential implications for social policies that promote food security. Further studies to identify the mechanisms involved in the relationship between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma are needed. Wallingford