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The field of Philosophy of Sport has been developing in Anglo-Saxon scholarship since the 1960s and since then has achieved considerable consolidation. However, this is a progressing field in Latin American countries like Brazil. This paper aims to analyse the trajectory of the Philosophy of Sport in Brazil, presenting an overview of its development since the 1980s and some prospects that have been generated since the turn of the century. In conclusion, the article points out that the field of Philosophy of Sport in Brazil is in the process of disciplinary consolidation, presenting a plurality of agents, institutions and theoretical approaches in its structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effect of fluoride consistency and composition to protect enamel and dentin against the dental erosion. Materials and Methods: Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were treated with artificial saliva, neutral fluoride gel (NFG), acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (AFG), neutral fluoride foam (NFF), and acidulated phosphate fluoride foam. The samples were subjected to cycling. Micro energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry, surface roughness (Ra), contact angle (CA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Composition, CA and Ra data were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). Results: The dentin protected had a significantly higher mineral content than in the control. Eroded unprotected enamel had higher Ra values than normal surfaces. Fluoride treatments increased the Ra in dentin samples. AFG increased the CA in enamel. Fluoride foams increased CA in dentin with reduced mineral loss. SEM analysis found a deposited layer on enamel treated with AFG and remnants of deposits on dentin treated with NFG and NFF. Conclusion: Regardless of the form of application, fluoride provided protection against erosion, however with different levels. Clinical Significance: Applying the adequate fluoride form is relevant since the formulations have different effects on both enamel and dentin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion Clinical Significance This systematic review aimed to analyze the clinical (survival rate, failure risk, or fracture) and laboratory performance (fracture mode or failure) of rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth, with and without posts.A systematic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey databases up to March 2023, according to PRISMA guidelines. In vitro and clinical studies that compared the clinical and laboratory performance of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular posts were included. Studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias analysis were performed.Thirty‐one in vitro and 7 clinical studies were included. For in vitro studies, fiberglass post (n = 24) was the most mentioned. The follow‐up time of the clinical studies ranged from 1 to 17 years, with the fiber‐reinforced composite post (n = 3) being the most evaluated, and only failure risk proved to be more favorable for using intraradicular posts.Rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular retainers showed no difference in fracture resistance and failure mode, evaluated by in vitro studies. Clinical studies showed no difference in survival rate, but failure risk proved to be more favorable for the use of posts.This analysis revealed significant variability between results, however, most laboratory and clinical studies revealed no difference with using the post. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the need to evaluate the coronary remnant and the general characteristics of the tooth in each situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Q-matrix is a binary matrix that defines the relationship between items and latent variables and is widely used in diagnostic classification models (DCMs), and can also be adopted in multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models. The construction process of the Q-matrix is typically carried out by experts in the subject area of the items and statistical procedures can be used to verify its suitability. In DCMs, different approaches have been proposed for validating the Q-matrix through iterative algorithms. This article presents a method of empirical Q-matrix validation for MIRT models. A simulation study and an application to real data of morphology skills of elementary students are conducted to examine the viability of the method. Relevant issues regarding the implementation of the method and the results obtained are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rufous crab hawk (Buteogallus aequinoctialis) is a crab-eating specialist restricted to South American mangroves. Even though it is considered Near Threatened, with presumed population declines, its breeding biology remains poorly studied. Here we combined a comprehensive review of literature, museum and citizen science data to address its breeding biology, gaps in our knowledge, and conservation implications. The species lays one egg on a large stick nest placed on mangrove trees 6 to 11 m above the ground. The ovoid eggs averaged 57.5 × 44.0 mm in size (n = 25), overlapping partially with B. anthracinus and B. gundlachii eggs. The breeding period differs among regions, starting earlier in the northern parts of the distribution and progressively later in the southern ones. This review also shows that the species nests only in mangrove trees, a vegetation type under threat, and that breeding records are unevenly distributed across its range. Very little has been published on the reproduction of the rufous crab hawk in the last 50 years, and we still lack proper information on most aspects of its breeding biology. Our review shows that we can improve our understanding of a species' reproduction by using multiple sources of previously available data and therefore provide a better basis to assist in conservation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the dielectric properties of a Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) ceramic at the radio frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) regions were evaluated. X-ray diffraction showed that LTO was obtained without the presence of spurious and/or secondary phases. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) analysis was conducted, whereas an activation energy (Ea) of 0.88 eV was observed. The temperature capacitance coefficient (TCC) was also calculated and demonstrated that LTO could be employed as a Class 1 ceramic capacitor. In the MW region, LTO presented ε'r = 25.4, tan δ = 5.7 × 10–4, and τf = -14.5 ppmºC−1, values that are interesting for devices that operate in the MW region. Numerical simulation demonstrated values of a realized gain of 4.78 dBi, a bandwidth of 227 MHz, and a radiation efficiency of 98%. Moreover, LTO was evaluated as a temperature sensor operating in the MW region and demonstrated a sensitivity of -0.06 MHz ºC−1. The values presented demonstrate that LTO could be employed in devices that operate in RF and MW regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection and monitoring of changes in land use and land cover play a crucial role in understanding land degradation and are fundamental to preserving agroecosystems. Their association with hydrological information allows essential responses to changes in hydrological patterns to be identified, contributing to water security in watersheds. Therefore, this study aimed to assess spatio-temporal dynamics and physico-hydrological trends in rainfall, runoff and land use in the Paraíba watershed. The study was conducted in the Paraíba watershed, using land use data and information from pluviometric and fluviometric stations with temporal series of more than 30 years. The Mann-Kendall statistical test was adopted to verify trends. Results indicate annual reduction trends for both native forest area and water bodies in the Paraíba watershed. On the other hand, the area designated for agriculture showed a significant increase. The correlation analysis between water bodies and forests (R² = 0.63) highlights a strong association between the decrease in forest area and the reduction in water availability, influencing the decrease in annual flow. These results serve as a warning to expand water resource management for the region, aiming to preserve and to enhance sustainable use. Therefore, the implementation of conservation measures, monitoring procedures, and adequate management is required to face the challenges imposed by climate change and land use and occupation, ensuring the water availability for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Old and abandoned mines are testimonials of ancient industrial activities, and as such, they are able to convey environmental concerns. A multidisciplinary approach combining ground measurements—i.e., portable X-ray fluorescence and optical spectroradiometry—with airborne multispectral images—i.e., Sentinel-2 and unmanned aerial vehicles—was conducted to define a baseline for the characterization of areas that constitute environmental burdens. The Mostardeira mine, an old copper mine located in the Portuguese Ossa-Morena Zone, was selected as a case study. The results reveal that the soils have toxic metals—e.g., As (mean = 1239 ppm) and Cu (mean = 435 ppm)—above the defined health thresholds. The spectroradiometry provided insights into the soil characterization using data from the vis-NIR spectral region, allowing us to distinguish agricultural soil, mine waste, and bare soils. The spectra obtained are comparable with the USGS soil spectra standards, namely Clinozoisite Epidote HS299, Hematitic Alt. Tuff CU91-223, and Sand DWO-3-DEL2ar1 no oil. The airborne images considered through the lens of principal components analysis and supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques (random forest and K-means) are found to be effective tools in creating cartographic representations of the contaminated soils. The collected data are used to construct a baseline for characterizing these environmentally challenging areas, whereas the methodological approach is revealed to be successful for tackling the posed environmental problems, allowing us to map the old mine environment passives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

\nSummary Statement of Contribution A service is a commercial activity that a company offers. Companies must strive to provide a satisfactory experience to their customers, based on the feedback and preferences expressed by buyers during the purchasing process. As a result, the relationship between supermarket sellers and customers in southern Brazil was different during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of this research aimed to analyze the factors influencing supermarket customer satisfaction from the antecedents of built environment, location, perceived service quality, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic as a moderator between the investigated constructs. A survey was conducted with supermarket customers in southern Brazil in two moments: one before and one during the COVID pandemic. The data were analyzed through structural equations modeling and moderation tests. The main results show that the built environment and location positively impact perceived service quality and customer satisfaction. The perceived service quality positively impacts customer satisfaction, and this relationship is stronger during the pandemic. Our theoretical contribution points out the physical environment as a multidimensional construct that changed due to the pandemic of COVID-19 concerning the customers' perception. Our findings should also be used to evaluate the locations of retail services related to hospitality and tourism.The findings point to the perception of the physical aspects of retail services as the result of a multidimensional framework part that is related to the physical urban environment and part concerning the perceived dimensions of the retail built space. The physical environment changed due to the pandemic of COVID-19 concerning the customers' perception. Practical implications arise as different dimensions of physical retail aspects positively affect service perception and customer satisfaction in pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Q-matrix is commonly used in diagnostic classification models and has recently been incorporated into the multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models to add information about the relationship between items and dimensions of the latent trait. The reformulation of the MIRT models with Q-matrix (MIRT-Q) has presented to improve the precision of the parameters of these models and to provide a simple and intuitive method for users to define the item-trait relationship. This paper aims to explore the incorporation of the Q-matrix in the formulation of MIRT models for polytomous item responses. Specifically, we introduce the incorporation of the Q-matrix into two of the polytomous MIRT models most known and used: the multidimensional graded response (MGR) model, hereinafter called MGR-Q, and the multidimensional generalized partial credit (MGPC) model, hereinafter called MGPC-Q. We provide readers the code of the MGR-Q and MGPC-Q models in Stan, a Bayesian estimation software, and we conduct a simulation study in order to evaluate the parameter recovery of the estimation method. To illustrate the use of both models in practice, we fit them to an operational dataset from 2400 individuals on 13 items and demonstrate the estimation of MGR-Q and MGPC-Q using the Stan program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water deficiency is one of the most limiting abiotic factors to sugarcane world production (Saccharum spp.). Data on chlorophyll content and gas exchange are used to select genotypes tolerant to water deficit. However, these variables are influenced by environmental factors, which vary intensely throughout the day. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of diurnal variation of gas exchange, leaf water potential, chlorophyll content, and SPAD index on the differentiation between genotypes tolerant and susceptible to water deficiency. The greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized 2 × 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with two varieties (RB867515/RB855453), two soil water tensions [without water deficiency (–D) and with water deficiency (+D)], and four evaluation times (7 am, 10 am, 1 pm, and 4 pm) with four replicates. RB867515 maintained greater CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intrinsic transpiration efficiency, leaf water potential, total chlorophyll content, and SPAD index under +D, regulating carbon gain about water loss and providing greater shoot biomass under +D compared to RB855453. The best times to perform the measurements for selecting tolerant genotypes based on physiological traits and specifically on the SPAD index are at 10 am and between 7 am and 10 am, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using chemical ripeners in the sugarcane favors the increase of sucrose productivity, regulates the effects of adverse weather conditions for ripening, and promotes the anticipation of harvest. However, it can also modify the nutrient absorption, translocation, and accumulation process and, consequently, affect the nutrient cycling of the straw maintained on the soil surface. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate ripeners' effects (glyphosate − 0.5 L ha−1; sulfometuron-methyl − 0.02 kg ha−1, and trinexapac-ethyl − 0.8 L ha−1) on the nutritional status of the sugarcane leaf canopy. Natural ripening maintained the highest levels of P and Zn throughout the time. The highest levels of N, P, and K were provided by trinexapac-ethyl in most of the evaluated periods, as well as contributing to the highest levels of Ca, Mg, and S, along with sulfometuron methyl, from 30 to 60 days after application (DAA). The highest levels of B and Zn were observed under sulfometuron methyl. On the other hand, glyphosate was the ripener responsible for the lowest nutrient concentrations in the leaf canopy, including N, Ca, Mg, and S at 45 DAA and B and Mn at 30 and 45 DAA. Considering the importance of maintaining the straw for nutrient cycling, in addition to being a ripener, trinexapac-ethyl contributed to the maintenance of high levels of nutrients in the leaf canopy in relation to the other ripeners, which suggests a greater possibility of availability of these nutrients for the ratoon development in the upcoming cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: There is no doubt that Carlquist is one of the greatest contemporary wood anatomists. Every student or researcher in the field is likely to have read at least one of his numerous works, and it is difficult to find a topic in wood anatomy that does not lead to one to his publications. Among the many topics addressed by Carlquist are of course growth rings, one of the oldest and most exciting topics in wood anatomy. Carlquist established a functional classification for growth rings based on anatomical variation, in addition to an interpretation of the different anatomical markers "as ecologically adaptive devices." In this article, I return to Carlquist's first classification of growth rings and summarize the main changes in his later reviews. I highlight the advances provided by his unprecedented functional approach to growth rings, while also criticizing Carlquist's proposed growth ring classification, which reinforces a partial view, although dominant until the present day, focused on temperate species: that growth rings are mostly well marked, porous or semi-porous, and with annual periodicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genomic replication is a critical, regulated process that ensures accurate genetic information duplication. In eukaryotic cells, strategies have evolved to prevent conflicts between replication and transcription. Giardia lamblia, a binucleated protozoan, alternates between tetraploid and octaploid genomes during its cell cycle. Using single-molecule techniques like DNA combing and nanopore-based sequencing, we investigated the spatio-temporal organization of DNA replication, replication fork progression and potential head-on replication-transcription collisions in Giardia trophozoites. Our findings indicate that Giardia chromosomes are replicated from only a few active origins, which are widely spaced and exhibit faster replication rates compared to those in other protozoan parasites. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that -20% of trophozoites show asynchronous replication between nuclei. Forksense and gene ontology analyses disclosed that genes in regions with potential head-on collisions are linked to chromatin dynamics, cell cycle regulation and DNA replication/repair pathways, possibly explaining the observed asynchronous replication in part of the population. This study offers the first comprehensive view of replication dynamics in Giardia, which is the pathogen that causes giardiasis, a diarrheal disease impacting millions worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This study aimed to compare the results of professional technical and anthropometric anamnesis data with the transmission of external chest compressions performed by military firefighters at different execution times. Objective. The objective was to evaluate the performance and perceived effort of the sequence of external chest compressions performed in two minutes, as well as the evolution of the technique over time. Materials and Methods. This was a descriptive, correlational study involving adult firefighters who were members of a specific firefighter group, comprising a population of 105 individuals with a voluntary sample of 44 participants. The study used a Bayesian statistical approach to provide probabilistic expressions. Results. The participants had an average work experience of 17 years, an average age of 38.6 years, an average weight of 81.48 kilograms, an average height of 176 centimeters, and an average of 2.5 qualifications. The results indicated that the firefighters performed external chest compressions with excellent technique and a moderate level of perceived effort in a two-minute evaluation. The evaluation of the evolution of the technique over time showed that the participants were able to maintain high-quality compressions for an average of 6 minutes, with a maximum of 20 uninterrupted minutes. Conclusion. The study underscores the critical role of professional firefighters in performing and maintaining high-quality external chest compressions, which has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality in cases of cardiorespiratory arrest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different classes of repetitive DNA sequences are found in eukaryotes, often composing substantial portions of the genome, associated with their important role in the structural and functional genome organization. In this work, we mapped repetitive DNA sequences (18S rDNA, microsatellites and telomeric motifs) in the karyotype of Tropidurus hispidus, a species of lizard from the Brazilian semiarid region. We found a diploid number of 2n = 36 (6 pairs of biarmed macrochromosomes and 12 pairs of microchromosomes). The 18S rDNA clusters were localized at the subterminal region of the long arm of pair 2. The telomeric probes produced signals at terminal, interstitial and centromeric positions of some chromosome pairs, which might indicate the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements via chromosome fusions. Microsatellite sequences were found in at least two distinct patterns - clustered in the telomeric/pericentromeric regions or observed as scattered signals in the chromosomes. This study represents an initial step to explore the evolutionary dynamics of repetitive sequences in the Tropidurus genus and considering the scarcity of data concerning the chromosomal mapping of repetitive sequences in Tropiduridae species, it reinforces the importance of integrating other methodologies, including the isolation and physical mapping of different repetitive DNA sequences, contributing to understanding the patterns of karyotypic evolution in lizards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to analyze the structure and evolution of public debate on drug policy in Brazil between 2003 and 2016. To do so we analyzed 306 articles in the newspaper Zero Hora. The analysis shows significant changes in the public debate on the "drug problem" in the country in the past decade. More specifically, it shows that public debate tends to be more heterogeneous, in terms of agents and framings, than what is expressed in the current drug policy. Identifying and analyzing this heterogeneity is important for understanding the controversies and positions in dispute concerning drug policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article objective is to identify underlying organizational values through symbolic analysis in a wheat mill. The theoretical perspective of Thomas and Znaniecki, from the Chicago School, underlies the analysis along with Edgard Schein's theory of organizational culture. Therefore, values can be announced in symbols, whether they are concrete or abstract objects, such as the organization's architectural environment, layout, employee clothing, selective behavior patterns, among others. From a methodological point of view, a research is classified as a qualitative case study, in which the researcher aims to understand the phenomenon from the perspective of the respondents. Data collection involves interview techniques, non-participant observation and document analysis. The results showed that values of (i) hard work, honesty and savings; (ii) conservatism; (iii) social cohesion and (iv) humility stand out as criteria for guiding the behavior of owners in the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amerindian net-activism, as a connected movement of traditional peoples, autonomously amplifies sensibilities that emerge on digital platforms. Therefore, this chapter aims to analyze the production and appropriation of digital platforms, their modules and contents, produced by Amerindians. For this, three digital platforms were selected: TePI - Theater and Indigenous Peoples - Digital Platform; Cinenativo - Indigenous Cinema Platform and the Wayuri Podcast - Wayuri Network of Indigenous Communicators, in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, using the SoundCloud platform. In the analysis we take into account local practices; niches and reach; ethnic diversity; the cosmologies involved; and the ecology that connects digital technologies and the forest. We identified that on these digital platforms, Amerindians update their peers on the fight for their rights; decoloniality movements; combat fake news and humanitarian crises; as well as creating sensitive spaces to express their cosmological diversities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road traffic accidents are a major concern for modern society with a high toll on human life and involve hard to account economic consequences. New knowledge can be obtained from combining GIS tools with machine learning and artificial intelligence, developing what is, in this work, identified as spatial intelligence. This approach is tested in a case study of Setúbal district, Portugal, for the period of 2016 to 2019. Departing from a heatmap analysis, and applying kernel density estimation, new spatial approaches were used, namely DBSCAN and Getis-Ord. The results obtained allowed the identification of novel meaningful locations of road traffic accidents. Consequently, the knowledge built from the underlying patterns is considered the key to developing new strategies to solve this modern social curse. The methodology proposed in this study demonstrates that the combination of expertise built from the different spatial analyses can provide a better understanding of the determinants of road traffic accidents. This approach is expected to be valuable for data analysts and decision-makers, contributing to diminishing human losses related to road traffic accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformations resulting from the civilizing process of customs can be seen in different social spaces, including the historical trajectory of sports. In this sense, this article explores the processes of body education in 16thcentury fencing treaties. During this period, the military sword fight became a more regulated confrontation, activating new bodily pedagogies. The analysis presented here indicates that the approximation of the royal court, the formation of cities, the increase in sensibility, and the emergence of firearms played an important role in the modification of fencing techniques and weapons and, consequently, in the entire process of educating the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformations resulting from the civilizing process of customs can be seen in different social spaces, including the historical trajectory of sports. In this sense, this article explores the processes of body education in 16thcentury fencing treaties. During this period, the military sword fight became a more regulated confrontation, activating new bodily pedagogies. The analysis presented here indicates that the approximation of the royal court, the formation of cities, the increase in sensibility, and the emergence of firearms played an important role in the modification of fencing techniques and weapons and, consequently, in the entire process of educating the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French-line Discourse Analysis (DA) and the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) support this study, which examines a journalistic statement about the effects of soil erosion on agricultural production. The intention is to investigate how a news about a typical problem in the rural and/or environmental universe produces meanings for interlocutors without links to agribusiness. The statement shows signs of polyphony, silencing and didacticity, which demarcate the conditions of text production, identify endo/exogroups, in addition to determining a line of reading, among many other possible ones. The analysis concludes that this discourse does not connect the problem of soil degradation to the final consumer. The meaning is interrupted in the rural production link, as if the effects of soil degradation suffered a discontinuity, without affecting items that are consumed by urban inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Innovation Policy for Connected Education (PIEC) seeks to support the universalization of internet access and foster the pedagogical use of digital technologies in education. It appears in the form of a Program instituted from Decree No. 9,204 of 2017 and becomes a policy through Law No. 14.180/2021. The research aimed to understand the determinants of PIEC and the discourses around the universalization of internet access and the pedagogical use of technologies. We rely on a quantitative-qualitative approach as a broader possibility, which was developed through bibliographic and documentary research, and data analysis is based on the content analysis approach. We evidence that, explicitly, there is a recurrence of proposals and approaches that express the need to universalize access to digital technologies and, implicitly, we perceive that this emphasis is presented as a condition for the pedagogical aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semiconductors are raw material for the production of integrated circuits and chips, playing a fundamental role in the evolution of modern technologies. However, other effects can be explored, as is the case of Peltier Effect cells and tablets which, when subjected to a potential difference at their terminals, have the ability to absorb heat on one of their faces, lowering its temperature, while dispersing it on the opposite face, which has its temperature increased. This finding allowed that this thermoelectrical equipment could be used in cooling processes of small volumes, combined with other devices such as heat sinks and small fans, essential to improve the performance of the set when placed together. The availability and easy access to these components, as well as the construction of a small controlled and thermally isolated environment, allowed the development of a cooling system project that uses the thermoelectric phenomena of the Peltier Effect tablets. The refrigerator made strengthens the application of tablets in this regard, exposing thermal amplitudes of 14.8 °C in relation to the environment, and showing effectiveness in reducing the temperature by up to 11°C in a volume of 250 ml of water inserted in it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research suggests that soybean yield could be doubled in Brazilian conditions, implying that the base fertilization is pivotal, as it might influence chemical and microbiological soil indicators and, hence, the crop grain yield. The current study had the goal of assessing alterations in the chemical and microbiological soil indicators, in the short term, as well as the soybean biometric and grain yield performance as a function of different fertilizers for base fertilization, in two sowing periods. An experiment comprised of two sowing periods was carried out in the 2019/2020 season on a dystrophic Red Latosol, in north Parana state. Five treatments were assessed, comprising: 1) control; 2) mineral fertilizer; 3) organomineral fertilizer; 4) mineral fertilizer mixed with granulated gypsum; and 5) slow release mineral fertilizer. A randomized block design with four replicates was adopted. The following variables were assessed: chemical and microbiological soil indicators; final stand; first pod insertion height; plant height; stem diameter; number of pods per plant; number of grains per plant; number of grains per pod; grain mass per plant; and one thousand grain mass and grain yield. There is no base fertilization effect on the chemical soil indicators in the short term, however, there is an effect on the microbiological soil indicators. Soybean biometric and grain yield performance is decreased with the delayed sowing period, regardless of the type of fertilizer utilized for base fertilization. Analyzing a set of soil quality indicators enables precise and judicious results to be gathered on management practices in the soil environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes thermo‐rheological properties of branched copolymer surfactants (BCSs) stabilizing oil‐in‐water emulsions to generate materials exhibiting temperature‐dependent gelation with the ability to solubilize a broad range of molecules. Four poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐ran‐poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (poly(NIPAM‐ran‐PEGMA)) BCSs with varying molecular weight (Mn), 4.7; 7.0; 7.8 and 9.0 kg mol−1, are investigated via oscillatory shear rheology, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and neutron reflectivity (NR). Rheological thermoscans show that emulsions stabilized by the BCS with the lowest Mn (4.7 kg mol−1) are thermo‐thinning, while with the other BCSs the emulsions display a thermo‐thickening behavior. Emulsions stabilized with the BCS with Mn = 7.8 kg mol−1 form gels within a precise temperature window depending on BCS concentration. Small angle neutron scattering data analysis suggests that the BCS is present in two forms in equilibrium, small aggregates dispersed in the bulk water and an adsorbed polymeric layer at the oil/water interface. Changes in dimensions of these structures with temperature correlate with the macroscopic thermo‐thinning/thermo‐thickening behavior observed. Neutron reflectivity is conducted at the oil/water interface to allow further elucidation of BCS behavior in these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research goal was to analyze the built environment dimensions, namely appearance, comfort, configuration, functionality, and the relationship with customer satisfaction, service quality, and product price at a winery in Brazil. A survey was applied to customers, and data analyses were performed using Exploratory Factor Analysis to identify the dimensions and related attributes, followed by Multiple Linear Regression statistical analysis to test the relationships among the dimensions. The findings demonstrate the positive and significant impact of functionality and configuration on service quality and customer satisfaction, whereas functionality positively impacted the product price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Parametric study using G. A. and PSO aimed at developing a seed-blanket fuel element for an SMR. • Development of an SMR fuel assembly for the thorium fuel cycle. • Study of thermal and neutronic safety parameters in fuel assembly level. • Nuclear engineering reactor design 'with Artificial Intelligence. This article proposes a Light Water Small Modular Reactor (LW-SMR) based on the seed-blanket concept with thorium fuel, utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) for optimization. The objectives include defining SMR parameters and developing parallel multi-objective AI models using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization PSO. A GA has been developed and applied to a simplified fuel assembly, while a PSO algorithm has been used together with the SERPENT code to perform precise calculations for SMR simulation. The results obtained demonstrated a great improvement when compared to classical parametric studies, demonstrating the possibility of designing a fuel assembly using artificial intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In non-valvular-associated atrial fibrillation (AF), direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) are as effective as vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for the prevention of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). DOAC are associated with decreased risk and severity of intracranial hemorrhage. It is unknown if different pre-admission anticoagulants impact the prognosis of AF related AIS (AF-AIS). We sought to analyze the literature to assess the association between pre-admission anticoagulation (VKA or DOAC) and admission severity of AF-AIS. Methods: A Systematic literature search (PubMed and ScienceDirect) between January 2011 to April 2021 was undertaken to identify studies describing the outcome of AF-AIS. Results: A total of 128 articles were identified. Of 9493 patients, 1767 were on DOAC, 919 were on therapeutical VKA, 792 were on non-therapeutical VKA and 6015 were not anticoagulated. In comparison to patients without anticoagulation, patients with therapeutical VKA and under DOAC presented with less severe stroke (MD −1.69; 95% CI [−2.71, −0.66], p = 0.001 and MD −2.96; 95% Cl [−3.75, −2.18], p < 0.00001, respectively). Patients with non-therapeutical VKA presented with more severe stroke (MD 1.28; 95% Cl [0.45, 2.12], p = 0.003). Conclusions: In AF-AIS, patients under therapeutical VKA or DOAC have reduced stroke severity on admission in comparison to patients without any anticoagulation, with higher magnitude of protection for DOAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Studying epidemiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms repairs is essential to prevent related deaths. Although outcomes are influenced by socioeconomic factors, there are no nationwide studies on these statistics in low-and-middle income countries. Therefore, we designed this study to evaluate abdominal aortic aneurysms repair rates, trends, costs, and in-hospital mortality in the Brazilian Public Health System, which exclusively insures over 160 million Brazilians. Material and Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional population-based analysis of publicly available data referring to all abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs performed between 2008 and 2019 in Brazilian public hospitals. Results: We observed a total of 13,506 abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs, of which 32% were emergency endovascular repairs, 20% emergency open repairs, 32% elective endovascular repairs and 16% elective open repairs. There has been a downward trend in total abdominal aortic aneurysms repairs and an increasing predominance of endovascular repair. Elective and endovascular repairs were significantly associated with lower in-hospital mortality. For ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms, we observed mortality rates of 13.8% after endovascular repair and 52.1% after open repair. For intact abdominal aortic aneurysms, we observed mortalities of 3.8% after endovascular repair and 18.6% after open repair. Procedure and mortality rates varied significantly among the Brazilian regions. Conclusions: We observed a low and decreasing rate of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Most repairs were emergency and endovascular and there was an increasing predominance of endovascular repair. Endovascular and elective repairs were associated with lower mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdates from A2Mo3O12 family have been widely investigated due to its low sintering temperature, low thermal expansion coefficient, and low dielectric loss. Fe2Mo3O12 (FMO) is an oxide from this family and widely used in the catalytic field. The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of the Bi2O3–B2O3 as a sintering aid in the microstructure and dielectric properties of FMO. The diffraction results showed that the FMO with the monoclinic structure phase was obtained after the calcination process (650 °C). Mössbauer spectroscopy showed the formation of Fe2O3 after the sintering process at 800 °C. The scanning electron-microscopic image demonstrates an increase of the grain as a function of sintering aid concentration. The samples were analyzed using the impedance spectroscopy at radiofrequency with temperature variation. The Nyquist diagram obtained in this temperature range was fitted from an equivalent circuit with three R-CPE associations, corresponding to the morphology of the electroceramics. For dielectric properties in the microwave, all the samples showed values of εr lower than 10. Values of Q x f above 14,132.35 GHz were achieved. The thermal stability was evaluated by the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf). The lowest τf values of − 6.55 ppm/°C and − 4.35 ppm/°C (near-zero) were measured to FMO and FMO mixed with 7.5 wt % Bi2O3–B2O3, respectively. Based on these results, FMO can be used to low-permittivity ceramic for low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) applications, antenna substrate, and millimeter-wave range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital media and networks are structured in a communicating architec ture that shapes the interactions, information flows and territorialities in a Zeitgeist in which reputation has become one of the main assets of organizations. A case study was carried out and the institutional communication of the iFood company was evaluated, associated with the journalistic podcast Foro de Teresina, analyzing audio inserts and surveys with open questions in a context in which the program and the company are digital products that exploit symbolic capital in their business models. iFood's communication strategy, however, remains faithful to classic standards, without innovations that, theoretically, characterize the contemporary media bios. The conclusion is that the link with the public is materialized through a plastered format that welcomes a traditional content, yet not inefficient for that reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Previous studies in a high-income country have demonstrated that people with and without low back pain (LBP) have an implicit bias that bending and lifting with a flexed lumbar spine is dangerous. These studies present two key limitations: use of a single group per study; people who recovered from back pain were not studied. Our aims were to evaluate: implicit biases between back posture and safety related to bending and lifting in people who are pain-free, have a history of LBP or have current LBP in a middle-income country, and to explore correlations between implicit and explicit measures within groups. Methods: Exploratory cross-sectional study including 174 participants (63 pain-free, 57 with history of LBP and 54 with current LBP). Implicit biases between back posture and safety related to bending and lifting were assessed with the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Participants completed paper-based (Bending Safety Belief [BSB]) and online questionnaires (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; Back Pain Attitudes Questionnaire). Results: Participants displayed significant implicit bias between images of round-back bending and lifting and words representing "danger" (IATD-SCORE: Pain-free group: 0.56 (IQR=0.31-0.91; 95% CI [0.47, 0.68]); history of LBP group: 0.57 (IQR=0.34-0.84; 95% CI [0.47, 0.67]); current LBP group: 0.56 (IQR=0.24-0.80; 95% CI [0.39, 0.64])). Explicit measures revealed participants hold unhelpful beliefs about the back, perceiving round-back bending and lifting as dangerous (BSBthermometer: Pain-free group: 8 (IQR=7-10; 95% CI [7.5, 8.5]); history of LBP group: 8 (IQR=7-10; 95% CI [7.5, 9.0]); current LBP group: 8.5 (IQR=6.75-10; [7.5, 9.0])). There was no correlation between implicit and explicit measures within the groups. Conclusions: In a middle-income country, people with and without LBP, and those who recovered from LBP have an implicit bias that round-back bending and lifting is dangerous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies assessing the effect of implementing good practice management guidelines (GPMG) in carotid revascularization within the same hospital are scarce. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the impact of GPMG implementation on the clinical outcomes of carotid revascularization procedures within a quaternary hospital. Method: We retrospectively studied 177 patients with atherosclerotic carotid disease who underwent revascularization (carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting) at a quaternary hospital between January 2012 and December 2019. The patients were divided into two groups: the pre-guideline group with 73 patients and the post-guideline group with 104 patients who underwent the procedures before and after the implementation of GPMG, respectively. Results: Twelve (16.4%) and 3 (2.9%) patients had neurological complications in the pre- and post-guideline groups, respectively (p = 0.001); most complications were cases of ischemic stroke. There were fewer complications in men than in women (OR = 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.77). A significant decrease in neurological complications was observed in the carotid artery stenting group (pre-guideline 25.7% vs post-guideline 13.2%; p = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis of the predisposing factors for neurological complications in carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting demonstrated that the implementation of GPMG was a determining factor for the improved results (odds ratio = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02–0.59). Conclusions: Implementing GPMG for carotid revascularization resulted in better clinical results, with decreased neurological complications in patients that underwent angioplasty and endarterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to compare two different maximal intensity exercise modality training protocols of similar durations on muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lower limb composition in recreationally trained men. Twenty-five trained men (28.9 ± 5.6 years) were randomly divided into Cycle ergometer (4 sets of 30 seconds sprints) and Leg press (4 sets of 10–12 repetitions to momentary failure). Both groups trained three times a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the training period, the participants performed a 10-repetition maximum (10RM) test for knee extension, an incremental exercise test on a treadmill for time to exhaustion (TTE) and peak oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2peak) and underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess lower limb composition. Knee extension 10RM and TTE increased in both groups with no statistically significant between group (p = 0.614 and p = 0.210). Only cycle ergometer group increased V ˙ O 2peak (p= 0,012). For all lower limb composition outcomes, changes were minimal. The results suggest that 5 weeks of effort and duration matched exercise protocols using cycle ergometer training or leg press may produce similar strength adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermoreversible gels switch from a free‐flowing liquid state to an elastic gel mesophase upon warming, displaying the reverse transition upon cooling. While this phenomenon makes these advanced materials highly attractive in numerous fields, the generation of optimal materials of tailored rheology and transition temperatures is stifled by the lack of design principles. To address this need, a library of ABA copolymers has been prepared with "A" blocks exhibiting thermoresponsive behavior and "B" blocks of poly(ethylene glycol). This library evaluates the effect of "A" chemistry, probing three polymer classes, and A/B block molecular weight on thermally‐induced phase changes in solutions of the polymers. An exploration by rheometry coupled to Small‐Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) elucidates temperature‐dependent hierarchical self‐assembly processes occurring on the nanoscale as well as bulk rheology. This process deciphered links between rheology and supracolloidal assemblies (sphere, ellipses, and cylinders) within the gel state with interactions probed further via structure factors. Several design principles are identified to inform the genesis of next‐generation thermoreversible gels, alongside novel materials exhibited thermoresponsive behavior in the solution state for use in applied healthcare technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of large guavas guarantees better market prices. Chemical thinning is a practice performed to increase fruit size and nutritional value with benefits for growers and consumers. By using ethephon and benzyladenine at 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg L-1, fruit thinning in red guava was evaluated. The percentage of fruit setting and increase in fruit mass, marketable yield, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, sugars, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and pigments were evaluated. The plant growth regulators improved the setting of larger fruits. Fruit thinning higher efficiency was observed in the ethefhon and benzyladenine concentrations from 300 mg L-1 and upwards, however, benzyladenine induced phytotoxicity at the same concentrations. The chemical thinning can be used to promote larger fruits with better uniformity favoring higher marketability and as a source of interest compounds enhancing nutritional guava fruits value depending on the thinner and the concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To gather data on agricultural practices in organic farms in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and evaluate their relationship with the microbiological characteristics of samples collected along the production chain. Methods and Results: Practices data were based on field observations and interviews with farmers in 10 selected organic lettuce producing farms. Counts of Enterobacteriaceae and surveys for Salmonella were performed in samples of lettuce (before and after washing), fertilizers, irrigation and washing water, all collected in the same farm. Water samples were also tested for total coliforms and generic Escherichia coli. Isolated Enterobacteriaceae were identified by MALDI‐TOF MS. Contamination of lettuce was influenced by some agricultural practices: chicken manure‐based fertilization resulted in higher Enterobacteriaceae counts in lettuce when compared to other types of manure, whereas pre‐washed lettuces presented lower microbial counts than non‐pre‐washed samples. Salmonella was detected in one lettuce sample by qPCR. Escherichia coli was detected in all irrigation water samples. All sample types contained Enterobacteriaceae species commonly reported as opportunistic human pathogens. Conclusions: The data highlight the need for improvement in the good agricultural practices in the studied farms. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides information on agricultural practices and microbiological characteristics of organic lettuce, contributing to the development of more accurate risk assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Parametric study to define a seed-blanket fuel element for a Small Modular Reactor; • Study of the fuel assembly thorium cycle with uranium and plutonium oxides for 24 months; • Study of thermal and neutronic safety parameters at fuel assembly level; The article proposes to implement the concept of seed-blanket in SMRs (Small Modular Reactors), providing a comparative analysis of NuScale in terms of the seed-blanket. This comparison reveals variations in its performance and operational characteristics, such as thermal conductivity and temperature management. The integration of uranium and thorium fuel cycles in SMRs, particularly with the inclusion of plutonium in some designs, is seen as a key advancement for sustainable nuclear technology. Thus, the research compares various fuel element configurations, including those combining (U,Th)O 2 and (Pu,Th)O 2 , and the specific design of the NuScale element. These designs highlight the diversity and robustness of fuel elements, offering customized solutions for different reactor needs, thereby improving the safety and effectiveness of nuclear reactors. The results obtained show high conversion rates and sustainable reduction with the self-shielding effect, providing a comprehensive analysis of advances in nuclear reactor technology, focusing on the role of innovative fuel elements in improving operational efficiency, safety, and sustainability in the nuclear energy sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Amazon deforestation in Brazil rises, Bolsonaro administration attacks the messenger. Brazil's representative at the conference changed the pledged date for ending illegal deforestation from 2030 to 2028, signed the declarations on forests and methane and stated that Brazil would achieve net zero emissions by 2050. At the 22 April 2021 climate meeting convened by US President Joe Biden, President Bolsonaro made promises such as ending illegal deforestation by 2030, but soon afterwards he took measures that favoured the legalization of deforestation and land claims (Fearnside 2021b). The escalation of environmental threats in Brazil is unprecedented in history. [Extracted from the article]

Potentially toxic metal ions, such as hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), present in water concern the population's health due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and high toxicity. Highly porous materials based on polysaccharides are promising technologies for metal removal due to their high surface area, biodegradability, and low toxicity. This study evaluated the effect of concentrations of microcellulose (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %) and glutaraldehyde (1, 2, and 3 %) in the adsorption capacity and mechanical properties of chitosan foams. The developed foams exhibited a three-dimensional structure with interconnected pores. Compared to foams without microcellulose, adding 1.5 % microcellulose increased up to 180 % in maximum stress supported by the foams and up to 135 % in Young's modulus. However, Cr6+ sorption capacity decreased with increasing microcellulose and crosslinking agent content due to the occupation of amino groups. Still, the foams exhibited a highly favorable sorption behavior, and the Sips isotherm model provided the best fit to the experimental data. The maximum sorption capacity reached approximately 1.4 mmol·g−1 at pH 4.0 and 25 °C. The foam structural integrity, enhanced mechanical properties, and efficient sorption capacity make them viable alternatives for environmentally friendly and cost-effective treatment of water contaminated with Cr6+ ions. • Chitosan-microcellulose foams: 180 % strength increase with 1.5 % microcellulose addition. • Protonated amino groups boost affinity, making high-chitosan foams efficient Cr6+ sorbents. • Better fit with sips isotherm model: 1.54 mmol·g−1 at pH 4.0. • Competitive batch design: 1 kg foam removes 90 % Cr6+ from 1000 L, showcasing material viability. • Equilibrium at 360 min, pseudo-second-order kinetics dominates, ensuring efficient adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the repetitive elements, satellite DNA (SatDNA) emerges as extensive arrays of highly similar tandemly repeated units, spanning megabases in length. Given that the satDNA PboSat01-176, previously characterized in P. boiei, prompted our interest for having a high abundance in P. boiei and potential for centromeric satellite, here, we employed various approaches, including low coverage genome sequencing, followed by computational analysis and chromosomal localization techniques in four Proceratophrys species and, investigating the genomic presence and sharing, as well as its potential for chromosomal centromere marker in Proceratophrys frog species. Our findings demonstrate that PboSat01-176 exhibits high abundance across all four Proceratophrys species, displaying distinct characteristics that establish it as the predominant repetitive DNA element in these species. The satellite DNA is prominently clustered in the peri/centromeric region of the chromosomes, particularly in the heterochromatic regions. The widespread presence of PboSat01-176 in closely related Proceratophrys species reinforces the validity of the library hypothesis for repetitive sequences. Thus, this study highlighted the utility of the satDNA family PboSat01-176 as a reliable centromeric marker in Proceratophrys species, with potential to be applied in other species of anuran amphibians. The observed sharing and maintenance of this sequence within the genus suggest possibilities for future research, particularly through expanded sampling to elucidate parameters that underlie the library hypothesis and the evolutionary dynamics of satDNA sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan, obtained from chitin in crustacean exoskeletons, has attracted interest due to its biocompatibility and versatility of application in several industries. Chemical methods are traditional for chitosan production but present environmental challenges. This study comprehensively assesses the microwave-assisted method as a greener alternative compared to conventional deacetylation. Morphological, thermal, and chemical properties, yield, and environmental impacts are evaluated. Experimental results indicate microwave-assisted deacetylation produces chitosan with excellent properties, with a high degree of deacetylation (close to 90%) and yield (above 50%). The Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) study highlights fossil resource scarcity, climate change, human non-carcinogenic toxicity, and terrestrial ecotoxicity as some of the most relevant environmental impacts, considering the Brazilian scenario. Notably, the difference in reaction time (240 vs 16 min) indicates the substantial advantage of the non-conventional technique in terms of reaction time, also reducing the energy consumption during deacetylation from 382.1 to 8.9 kJ per gram of chitosan produced by conventional and microwave-assisted methods respectively. However, LCIA shows NaOH use during deacetylation as a notable contributor to environmental effects, highlighting the necessity for minimizing its presence. Despite this, microwave integration leads to diminished environmental impact. This research highlights the environmental benefits of microwave-assisted deacetylation for more sustainable chitosan production. • Similar microwave deacetylation yield to conventional process. • Nearly 90% deacetylation degree achieved via microwave treatment. • Energy consumption is the major environmental impact source. • 97% energy reduction through microwave energy usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to contribute to the characterization of the traditional food gardens and livelihood in Guarani Kaiowá peoples and discuss implications for extension services and development projects. The study was carried out in the Panambizinho indigenous territory, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Eleven families in the indigenous community (IC) were visited over one year. Particular characteristics, needs and management of the food gardens are revealed. The discussion covers several topics identified through the field visits, including specificities and pressures faced by ICs in Brazil. Keeping and prospecting for agroecological systems seems a positive strategy because this does not substantially interfere with or change their current way of life. Therefore, agroecological systems are a pathway to sustainable production, food security, health and quality of life in ICs. Implications for extension services and development projects are discussed while contextualizing economic, political and social challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of rural extension and agricultural research (I-ERPA) has been debated worldwide. In Brazil, I-ER-PA has been considered a strategy to overcome the diffusionist paradigm, related to the creation or merge of public companies. The objective of the study was to explore the literary production on I-ER-PA and shed light on the theme. Literary production of peer-reviewed articles was considered, specifically, papers indexed in Web of Science. A total of 28 combination of words was used to sample scientific papers. The study delivered a list of terminologies (theoretical frameworks, methodologies and approaches) related to I-ER-PA. Overall, studies referring to I-ER-PA increased considerably in the last decades. Brazil is highly ranked in terms of authorships and contributions to the topic. However, the Brazilian production presented a low number of citations, lacking partnerships with other countries and contributions about the Brazilian case, such as closing, creating or merging public institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parasitic diseases affect millions of individuals worldwide, mainly in low-income regions. There is no cure for most of these diseases, and the treatment relies on drugs that have side effects and lead to drug resistance, emphasizing the urgency to find new treatments. Snake venom has been gaining prominence as a rich source of molecules with antiparasitic potentials, such as phospholipases A 2 (PLA 2 s). Here, we compile the findings involving PLA 2 s with antiparasitic activities against helminths, Plasmodium , Toxoplasma , and trypanosomatids. We indicate their molecular features, highlighting the possible antiparasitic mechanisms of action of these proteins. We also demonstrate interactions between PLA 2 s and some parasite membrane components, shedding light on potential targets for drug design that may provide better treatment for the illnesses caused by parasites. Despite treatments available (most of them inefficient), human parasitic diseases are still affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Snake venoms are a rich source of bioactive molecules (small molecules, peptides, and proteins) potentially useful for various biotechnological applications. PLA 2 s, important snake-venom components, have striking features that make this class of proteins an excellent candidate to be used as anti-infectious agents. Recent data suggest that both Asp49 and Lys49 svPLA 2 s can promote pharmacological effects regardless of their catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text offers a reflection about the treatment that the PCB - the oldest political party in Brazil - the attention given to the race issue in first decades of existence, mainly in the 1920s and 1930s. Using bibliographic sources, official documents and press articles linked to the party we conclude that: if on the one side, the PCB did not ignore the Brazilian racial issue, on the other, it dealt with it laterally in its documents and institutional action, largely due to the assimilation of the thesis that the uniqueness of Brazilian social and historical development would determine a type of sociability in which the modernization of society would make possible the overcome racism, for this very reason, issues related to social classes would overlap the Brazilian racial issue, even when amalgamated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Two of the main complications of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are anastomoses dehiscence and marginal ulcerations, although the association between the two is considered rare. Aim: To report a case of degastrectomy without vagotomy performed in our Service due to a perforated gastric stump ulcer and complete dehiscence of the anastomosis after RYGB. Case Report: This is a patient treated at the Emergency Department of the General Surgery and Digestive System of Santa Casa de Sorocaba - SP. The patient had undergone an RYGB and, six months after the surgery, his gastric stump presented a perforating ulcer, and his anastomosis had a complete dehiscence. The resolution was based on performing a degastrectomy without vagotomy. After the procedure, the patient recovered well and was discharged seven days after the surgery. Ultrasonography and computed tomography were essential for the diagnosis of the complication. Conclusion: Degastrectomy is a highly efficient surgical option for perforating gastric stump ulceration with anastomotic dehiscence, and should be performed urgently for the best prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of incidence rates of HIV/Aids cases in the northwest of the State of Paraná. Ecological study of analysis of time series with data referring to notifications of HIV/Ais in the 15th Regional Health of the State of Paraná, from 2009 to 2019. The access to notification and health problems information system occurred in the month of June 2020. The Mann-Kendall test was used to verify the existence of a trend in the annual case series. The total grade showed an increasing trend, the most significant increase was in men (tau of 0.96), over 65 years old and between 20 and 34 years old (0.64 and 0.56, respectively), with university education and high school (0.89 and 0.78, respectively). There was no significant increase in death rates. There was an increase in the temporal trend in most of the analyzed incidence rates of HIV/Aids cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]