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Background : The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of aberrant phenotypes in prognosis and survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by multiparametric flow cytometry. Materials and Methods : Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a review of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science was carried out through 1998 to 2016, conducted by two reviewers independently, evaluating titles, abstracts and full-texts of the selected studies. Results : Ten studies were included on this review, in which the aberrant phenotype expression of 17 markers were detected in AML patients. From these, 11 aberrant phenotypes were associated with prognosis, which eight had shown negative impact on prognosis: CD7, CD56, CD15, CD2, CD3, CD90 low , CD123 high , CD117 high , and three others were associated with good prognosis: CD19, CD98 high and CD117 + /CD15 + . Meta-analysis showed that aberrant expression of CD56 as a poor prognostic marker with unfavorable outcomes is implicated in decreased overall survival in AML patients in 28 months (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.92). Conclusion: This was observed when there was association between CD56 expression and other prognostic factors, influencing on patients' management care and treatment., (Copyright © 2020 Tehran University of Medical Sciences.)