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This is an applied framework discussion with central banks (CBs) from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) regarding the environmental risk management (ERM) of the international reserves (IRs). This study is based on a sample of CBs from LAC, taking into consideration the national exports of the respective countries, the risk of sudden stops in capital flows and the IRs’ economic objectives. Commodities are economically relevant for all analyzed countries. The specific environmental risk exposures are discussed, as are the alternatives to ERM through the IRs’ strategic asset allocation (SAA). The framework discussed herein includes environmental risk analysis (ERA) in the IRs’ traditional SAA approach. As a result, IRs investments can become more resilient to environmental and climate risk exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is an applied framework discussion with central banks (CBs) from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) regarding the environmental risk management (ERM) of the international reserves (IRs). This study is based on a sample of CBs from LAC, taking into consideration the national exports of the respective countries, the risk of sudden stops in capital flows and the IRs' economic objectives. Commodities are economically relevant for all analyzed countries. The specific environmental risk exposures are discussed, as are the alternatives to ERM through the IRs' strategic asset allocation (SAA). The framework discussed herein includes environmental risk analysis (ERA) in the IRs' traditional SAA approach. As a result, IRs investments can become more resilient to environmental and climate risk exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Climate change [CC] have been studied from different perspectives because of its impact on our daily lives. Such foreseen impacts in the production and consumption chain in the short term changes companies since they may damage the survival of business in the long term. To preserve the continuity of activities, companies seek to disclose voluntary and mandatory actions for believing in ever-increasing pressure from society with extensive knowledge of their practices faced with CC. Identification of the determinants of these practices help to contribute to companies' disclosure process faced with CC. The aim of this research is to identify the decisive factors of voluntary information disclosure on coping with CC from the point of view of Brazilian experts and managers. A literature review and descriptive study was carried out through a survey with managers and experts in the field together with statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test) for comparison of means. Results show that 32 factors were identified as decisive, in different degrees, to CC disclosure. 19 of them are statistically significant among managers and experts, and the three most decisive are: CC strategy, pressure from stakeholders and management of environmental risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is the result of a doctoral dissertation based on exploratory research and 10 case studies. The Carbon Disclosure Project/Investors in Brazil is the empirical research object of this article. Since its creation in 2000, this program has been playing an important role, related to the disclosure of social and environmental information. It has aimed at improving the transparency upon climate change risks and opportunities. This study identified Suchman’s legitimacy strategies (1995) that are most used by Brazilian companies, which have addressed the applied for Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) between 2006 and 2010. Qualitative approach and content analysis technique were adopted in order to collect the data. The primary data were obtained through the application of a survey and the secondary data were obtained in institutional websites, CDP’s reports and records on emissions collected by Fundação Getulio Vargas. All Suchman’s legitimacy strategies were found in this study. The pragmatic strategy and the gain criteria obtained the biggest number of occurrences, 377 and 495 respectively. The most frequent cited item in all the 10 case studies was the necessity to respond to stakeholders, represented by 335 citations. Finally, it is possible to conclude that the CDP has been considered, by Brazilian companies, as a tool to obtain stakeholders’ acceptance and legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Metropolitana de Sustentabilidade is the property of Revista Metropolitana de Sustentabilidade - RMS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alcance is the property of Universidade do Vale do Itajai and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study presents partial results of a research that aims to examine the co-benefits of sustainable development of the voluntary carbon market in Brazil. Therefore, we carried out exploratory research, document analysis and illustrative case studies, based on the analytical matrix constructed from the United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change (UNFCCC) studies on co-benefits from the regulated carbon market. The results presented showed that two of the four projects had greater advances in promoting sustainable development, contradicting the results of the UNFCCC (2011) and Boyd et al. (2009) in their studies on the regulated market. The achieved result confirms the major potential market for voluntary contribution to the sustainable development at the local scale, given greater flexibility and diversity of actors. Moreover, it was found that some co-stimulate other benefits in the local communities where they were developed, besides the more advanced projects that were registered in the International Standards that require the attendance of indicators that go beyond the reduction of greenhouse gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]