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The synthesis of gold nanowires (AuNWs) is challenging due to difficulties in obtaining AuNWs of variable diameters and lengths. In this study, an effective approach to fabricating AuNWs with controllable lengths and diameters was developed on a flexible silver nanowires (AgNWs)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. Gold nanoparticles were uniformly electrodeposited onto the flexible AgNWs/PDMS to form bimetallic Ag@Au core–shell NWs/PDMS. The results showed that the diameters and the lengths of the Ag@Au NWs were easily fine-tuned. The flexible Ag@Au NWs/PDMS electrode exhibited excellent mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties. In ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), the Ag@Au NWs/PDMS achieved a peak current density of 28541.55 μA cm−2 (10 times higher than that of a commercial Au electrode) and 63.39% retaining activity in a stability test by chronoamperometry (over 2 times stable than values in literature). Finally, EOR and chromium (VI) determination by the Ag@Au NWs/PDMS in flexible integrated electrodes were performed to showcase the versatile feasibilities of this new material. [Display omitted] • AuNPs were deposited onto AgNWs to build Ag@Au NWs with more configuration options. • The interior AgNWs served to accelerate charge/electron transfer for improved catalysis. • Flexible Ag@Au NWs/PDMS electrode catalyzed ethanol with high performance and stability. • Flexible Ag@Au NWs/PDMS electrode was suitable for building integrate electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite filaments are of considerable interest in research due to their exceptional performance characteristics and broad applicability. In this study, highly electrically conductive composite filaments comprising cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) are carefully prepared, accompanied by the proposition of an integrated microwave‐microfluidic synthesis method for AgNWs. The proposed reaction system exhibits a remarkable capability for swift AgNW synthesis, with a space‐time yield of 1.2 × 104 g (h·m3)−1, approximately five times superior to that achievable through conventional batch reactor methodologies. The microwave‐assisted microfluidic synthesis of AgNWs introduces a novel aspect to the extensive research on 1D nanomaterials. The design of experiments and multi‐objective Bayesian optimization are integrated iteratively to converge toward the global optimum, aiming to enhance screening efficiency and achieve a balanced outcome by maximizing aspect ratio and minimizing size for AgNWs. The AgNWs synthesized under optimal conditions has a diameter of ≈50.4 nm and an aspect ratio of ≈555. Subsequently, they are integrated into composite filaments with CNF, resulting in electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the composite filaments at values of 8.35 × 105 S m−1 and 186 MPa, respectively, surpassing those reported in existing literature for other analogous materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowire (AgNW) transparent conducting electrodes can be prepared via a low‐cost process and deliver optoelectronic performance comparable to or even better than that of indium tin oxide (ITO). However, their integration into a real device is challenging, mainly because of the weak adhesion between AgNWs and the underlayer. Furthermore, when AgNWs replace ITO, a different material needs to be considered for the antireflection coating (ARC) of a thin‐film solar cell. A combination of AgNWs and Al2O3 is employed to replace both ITO and the MgF2 in a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin‐film solar cell. The quality of the contact between the AgNWs and CdS buffer is improved by introducing a chemical‐bath‐deposited welding layer, which improves the fill factor of the cell from 43.4% to 68.7%. Accordingly, the exposed surface of the CIGS thin‐film solar cell changes from ITO to CdS. Therefore, the commonly used MgF2 ARC is replaced with Al2O3, which is a better match in terms of the refractive index for AgNW‐based CIGS thin‐film solar cells. The adoption of the Al2O3 ARC increases the short‐circuit current density of the cell by 7.3%. In conclusion, a device structure of Al2O3/AgNW/CdS/CIGS/Mo is suggested for CIGS thin‐film solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capacitive touch screens (CTS's) are essential components in most of today's digital devices. However, for the visually impaired (VI) users due to the uneven topography of the tactile surface, CTS's are more challenging to implement and thus this field remains largely underdeveloped. Considering the limited space around the microactuators driving the typical Braille dots for a tactile screen with ten dots‐per‐inch (dpi) resolution, the materials used for CTS should be flexible and durable with high mechanical strength. In this work, a flexible CTS based on polyimide (PI) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) as electrodes with a total thickness of 210 µm is developed. The dimensions of the AgNWs are on average 7.9 ± 2.4 µm in length and 85 ± 24 nm in width. The AgNWs electrodes showed low resistance and good adhesion to the PI substrate. A gesture recognition application is collected from the capacitive data to classify different gestures (including single‐ and double‐click, swipe‐left and ‐right, scroll‐up and ‐down as well as zoom‐in and ‐out) with two different approaches; machine learning and deep learning are implemented. The best performance is obtained using the YOLO model with a high validation accuracy of 97.76%. Finally, a software application is developed with the proposed hand gestures in real‐time to foster interaction of VI users with the tactile display allowing them to navigate a Windows file system and interact with the documents via hand gestures in a similar manner as sighted users on a conventional touch display will be able to do. This work paves the way to utilize CTS for the tactile displays in the market developed for VI users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a facile self‐healing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite by sandwiching a layer of silver nanowires (AgNWs) between two layers of self‐healing polyurethane (SPU). The AgNWs layer forms an interconnected conductive network that effectively reflects and absorbs electromagnetic radiation, providing efficient EMI shielding. The SPU layers contribute autonomous healing of mechanical damages and restoring structural integrity and conductive pathways. The composite films exhibit remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) (up to 64.6 dB), exceptional mechanical toughness (106.4 MJ/m3), and self‐healing capabilities, outperforming conventional shielding materials. The synergy between AgNWs and SPU layers offers lightweight, flexible, tough, and self‐healing properties, making this material highly promising for applications in wearable electronics, aerospace, and automotive industries where durability and long‐term reliability are critical. Highlights: Facile fabrication of sandwiched AgNWs layer between SPU films.Sandwiched AgNWs/SPU films with exceptional EMI shielding.AgNWs form conductive networks for efficient EMI shielding.Remarkable mechanical toughness of 106.4 MJ/m3 and self‐healing capability.Potential shielding materials for lightweight, wearable electronics, aerospace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNW) find use in transparent conductive electrodes with applications in solar cells, touch screens, and wearables. Unprotected AgNW are prone to atmospheric corrosion and lose conductivity over time. Known passivation techniques either require submersion of pre‐deposited AgNW in liquid compounds or the modification of AgNW inks prior to deposition, which alters viscosity and complicates deposition. Here, new possibilities for stabilization of pre‐deposited AgNW networks without need for submersion are explored. It is demonstrated that AgNW networks can be stabilized either by argon or hydrogen plasma treatment or by solvent vapor annealing with ethanol, methanol, or ethyl acetate. These treatments yielded stable electrical resistance over at least nine weeks, whereas untreated or thermally annealed AgNW layers quickly lost conductivity. The potential of solvent vapor annealing is further explored by demonstrating a new processing technique for stable polymer matrix composites containing AgNW. Co‐deposited layers of AgNW with polystyrene microbeads are annealed in ethyl acetate vapor to stabilize the AgNW while at the same time merging polymer beads into a closed film around the AgNW. The resulting composites maintained stable resistance and transmittance for at least seven weeks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly sensitive strain sensors have been widely used in human motion monitoring, medical treatment, soft robots, and human–computer interaction, and the recycling of functional materials is in a huge demand for eco‐friendly and sustainable electronics. However, the manufacturing of recyclable strain sensors still remains challenging. Here, a semi‐wrapped structure based on silver nanowires and polyvinyl alcohol is proposed to realize a recyclable and stable strain sensor. It has shown excellent sensitivity, fast response, high stretchability and good environmental stability, and is successfully applied for human motion monitoring. In addition, a simple strategy is developed to effectively recycle silver nanowires in an eco‐friendly manner. The recyclable and stable strain sensor demonstrates potential applications in wearable and stretchable electronics, and the recycling strategy can be extended to other noble metal nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) was constructed for the specific detection of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in food. Niobium carbide (Nb2CTx) as a typical two-dimensional lamellar nanomaterial has good electrical conductivity and unique structure, which was assembled with one-dimensional silver nanowires (AgNWs) to form quasi-three-dimensional composite nanomaterials (Nb2CTx/AgNWs). As spacer material, AgNWs prevented the aggregation of Nb2CTx and the collapse of Nb2CTx layers. At the same time, a fast electron transport channel was constructed through the synergistic effect between nanomaterials the two. The Nb2CTx/AgNWs realized the enhancement of electrical signals. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) endowed the sensor with selectivity, achieving the specific detection of sulfadiazine. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the method has a wide linear range (1 × 10−8–1 × 10−4 mol L−1) and a low limit of detection (1.30 × 10−9 mol L−1). The sensor was used to detect sulfadiazine in pork, chicken, and feed samples, and the recovery was 82.61–94.87%. The results were in good agreement with the HPLC results, which proved the accuracy and practicability of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the research and development of various flexible wearable devices have rapidly advanced due to the continuous introduction of flexible electronic product. These devices have found applications in health monitoring, cardiovascularcare, internal and external workload, and more.Flexible sensors, being a vital component of flexible devices, determine the functionalities and performance capabilities of the devices. Metal nanomaterials, especially silver nanowires, are widely used in flexible sensors in past research due to their great advantages in flexibility and sensitivity. In this work, Silver nanowires with aspect ratios of 600, 1000, and 1400 were synthesized by adjusting the synergy of Br‐ and Cl‐, along with other process parameters, leading to an improved production efficiency of silver nanowires.The stability of the conductive network is enhanced when the aspect ratio of silver nanowires is 1000 and 1400.The sensor demonstrated high sensitivity at high strain, along with an extended strain range.Moreover, it was observed that increasing the aspect ratio of silver nanowires led to a more stable conductive network, thus enhancing the sensor's stability with over 10000 stretching cycles. under the appropriate deposition density, silver nanowires with aspect ratio of 600 have high sensitivity to low strain, and silver nanowires with aspect ratio of 1400 have high sensitivity to high strain, up to 247.3. Introducing microstructures on the surface of PDMS resulted in an increased maximum sensitivity of the sensor with decreasing microstructure size, reaching a maximum sensitivity of 322.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible strain sensors that combine high sensitivity and wide range are important for developing wearable electronics. In this paper, AgNWs/MXene/SEBS flexible strain sensor with high sensitivity and wide strain range was prepared using a thermoplastic elastomer (styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene) SEBS as the polymer matrix and AgNWs and MXene as the composite conductive fillers. The sensitivity of the AgNWs/MXene/SEBS sensor is significantly higher than that of the AgNWs/SEBS and MXene/SEBS sensors based on a single conductive filler. At 100% strain, the AgNWs/MXene/SEBS sensor has a sensitivity of 176.25. The sensor detects small strains of 0.5-5% as well as large strains of 5–50% with high linearity. The sensors remained stable after 200 cycles. The AgNWs/MXene/SEBS tensile sensors were subjected to array testing and finger bending recognition, and the sensors have promising applications in human motion monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogel fibers exhibit great potential in soft robots, bioelectronics, and human–machine interfaces due to the unique combination of electrical conductivity, high water content, tissue‐like mechanical properties, and 1D structure. Despite significant advances in hydrogel technologies, the typical conductive hydrogel fibers show low conductivity (<10 S cm−1), weak mechanical properties, and water stability, which makes it challenging to satisfy the requirements of practical applications. Here, a facile strategy is proposed to construct hydrogel fibers with ultrahigh conductivity and toughness by exploiting the synergistic effects of freezing‐thawing, salting‐out, and drying‐annealing. The continuous phase separation induced by the combined processes results in hierarchical structures, promoting the formation of interconnected conductive networks and increasing the fiber's crystallinity and crystal domain size. The prepared conductive hydrogel fibers exhibited ultrahigh conductivity (≈958 S cm−1), excellent mechanical properties (strength (≈6.2 MPa), stretchability (>300%), and toughness (≈10 MJ m−2)), high water content (≈75%), outstanding water stability, and fatigue resistance properties. In addition, the processibility of conductive hydrogel yarns and fabrics are demonstrated and their potential application in bioelectronics. Overall, this work presents a preparation strategy for conductive hydrogel fibers, which will facilitate the advancement of soft electronics and may inspire structural construction in other polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite considerable interest, uniform and robust flexible transparent conducting electrodes (FTCEs) that can be seamlessly integrated and used for highly efficient large‐area flexible oganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) remain elusive. In this study, a large‐area fabrication of uniform transparent electrodes for high‐performance flexible OLEDs by exploiting the rapid nanowelding process of silver nanowires (AgNWs) onto polyethylene terephthalate substrate under Xe‐lamp irradiation and mechanical pressing treatment is reported. The performance of AgNWs FTCEs is significantly enhanced by applying the Xe‐lamp beam irradiation for 5 s and subsequent compression at 20 MPa for 15 s, achieving a low sheet resistance of 26.5 Ω sq−1, a high transmittance of 95.2% (at 550 nm), and very smooth surfaces with root‐mean‐square of 5.4 nm. Meanwhile, the nanowelded AgNWs FTCEs maintain excellent electrical conductivity (only a 2.96% increase in ΔR/R0) after 1000 bending cycles. The resulting AgNWs FTCEs‐based green phosphorescent OLED achieves an unprecedented external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.7% and a current efficiency as high as 81.5 cd A−1. Benefiting from the uniform properties for resulting AgNWs FTCEs, the fabricated flexible OLED with a large area of 25 × 25 mm2 still retains a high EQE of 22.2% and a current efficiency of 78.0 cd A−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowire (AgNWs) is a typical precious metal nanowire with excellent electrical conductivity, light transmittance, and flexural resistance, which can be widely used in the fields of catalysis, optoelectronics, flexible display devices and biomedicine. We have prepared gold-silver bimetallic nanostructures based on AgNWs as templates and controlled gold nanoparticles coating on the surface of AgNWs by chemical reduction method. The catalytic efficacy of this gold-silver bimetallic nanowires (AuAg BNWs) for the hydroreduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol was analyzed using this nanostructure as a nanocatalyst. Due to the large number of small-sized gold nanoparticles on the surface of the nanostructure, it shows good catalytic activity, and the apparent rate constants and the turnover frequency reach 0.108− 1 min and 43.41 h− 1, respectively. In addition, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties of this AuAg BNWs structure were analyzed using crystal violet as a probe molecule. Because the plasmonic-enhanced localized electric field effect, the nanostructure also exhibited good SERS enhanced properties. Based on these studies, it is advantageous to the preparation of gold-silver bimetallic nanostructures and their applications in catalysis and SERS sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to comprehend how fluorescence resonance energy transfer affects the emission spectra and threshold of Rhodamine 640/methylene blue/Ag NW lasers, this article examines a particular type of random laser with coherent features. It is shown that methylene blue laser output is enhanced by rhodamine 640 beyond 700 nm. Furthermore, it has produced multi-wavelength lasing with linewidths as small as 1 nm by adjusting the mixing ratio of the two dyes. In this system, silver nanowires operate as scatters, decreasing the operating threshold for multi-wavelength lasing and improving light extraction efficiency in the visible region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have excellent electrical conductivity and nano-sized effects and have been widely used as a high-performance electromagnetic shielding material. However, silver nanowires have poor mechanical properties and are prone to fracture during the preparation of composite materials. In this study, PVDF/rGO/AgNW composites with a segregated structure were prepared using low-pressure compression molding and the AgNW-backfilling process. The low-pressure compression of the composite significantly improves its electromagnetic shielding performance because the low-pressure process can maintain the AgNWs' integrity. The backfilled AgNWs played a vital role in increasing the path of electromagnetic wave propagation and the absorption of electromagnetic waves. The backfilled amount of AgNWs was only 1 wt%, which increased the composite material's conductivity by one order of magnitude. The total electromagnetic interference shielding (SET) of the composite materials increased by 23.3% from 24.88 dB to 30.67 dB. The absorption contribution (SEA/SET) increased from 84.2% to 92.8%, significantly improving the electromagnetic interference shielding and the absorption contribution of the AgNWs in the composites. This was attributed to the backfilling of the porous structure by the AgNWs, which promoted multiple reflections and enhanced the absorption contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, thin-film manufacturing has required highly solution-processable and flexible transparent electrodes. Transparent conductive films with high stability were prepared in this work by embedding silver nanowires (AgNWs) in tin oxide (SnO2)-modified colorless polyimide for double-sided perovskite solar cells and heaters. The composite conductive films exhibit good light transmittance over 80% at 550 nm (T550) conductivity with the lowest sheet resistance of 10.0 Ω sq–1 and a smooth surface with a root-mean-squared roughness of 13.3 nm. The anticipated interaction between AgNWs and CPI mediated by metallic oxide (SnO2) has been achieved through the reduction of hydrophobicity by SnO2 on CPI. With a heat resistance exceeding 200 °C, CPI exhibits enhanced adhesive properties following optimized heat treatment at 210 °C, resulting in the formation of a substantial composite structure. The conductive layer can withstand 10 cycles of peeling experiments without peeling off. Furthermore, the top layer also selects SnO2 to smooth the stacking AgNWs networks. The complete coverage is used to passivate the surface defects of the electrode. Double-sided perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated based on the composite transparent electrode. The power conversion efficiency for the PSCs of 6.34% is attained close to the ITO side (8.72%). A flexible transparent heater was successfully constructed, which could reach up to 85 °C within a short response time (250 s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have excellent flexibility, unique optical transmittance and high conductivity. The polyol process is appropriate for preparing AgNWs due to its simplicity, effectiveness, low cost, and high yield. This work aims to investigate the effect of preparation parameters of the polyol process on the silver nanowires properties. The parameters include the controlling agent, molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the temperature, and the reducing agent. The amount of silver nanoparticles formed during preparation was used to determine the optimum preparation conditions. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed minimal amount of Ag nanoparticles when using mixed molecular weight of PVP-40K, and PVP-1.3M at 150 °C with the assistance of copper chloride as a controlling agent. The prepared AgNWs had an average length of 3.7 µm and aspect ratio of 15.3. The fabricated electrodes were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and four probe resistivity measurements. The electrical measurement of the AgNWs electrodes indicated that the surfactant thickness is a critical parameter in having low sheet resistance electrodes. Also, the optical transmission was affected by the amount of nanoparticles. The prepared electrode with high concentration of AgNWs and a minimal amount of nanoparticles exhibited 80% optical transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrospun sponges with electrical conductivity are promising materials for electrodes with applications in pressure sensors, flexible wearable sensors, and supercapacitors. However, electrospun sponges display poor electric conductivity, which can be increased by the addition of silver nanowire (AgNW). The resulting electric conductivity may depend strongly on the distribution of the AgNW in and on the sponges. A straightforward assembly method for an elastic conductive sponge, composed of 3D structures and metal nanowires, using a synergistic strategy which involves modified impregnation and deposition processes assisted by polyethyleneimine (PEI) impregnation, is presented. The resulting changes in the material properties are also explored, and it is under specific conditions, that percolation, leading to significantly enhanced electrical conductivity in the sponges, is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible pressure sensors are lightweight and highly sensitive, making them suitable for use in small portable devices to achieve precise measurements of tiny forces. This article introduces a low-cost and easy-fabrication strategy for piezoresistive flexible pressure sensors. By embedding silver nanowires into a polydimethylsiloxane layer with micro-pyramids on its surface, a flexible pressure sensor is created that can detect low pressure (17.3 Pa) with fast response (<20 ms) and high sensitivity (69.6 mA kPa−1). Furthermore, the pressure sensor exhibits a sensitive and stable response to a small amount of water flowing on its surface. On this basis, the flexible pressure sensor is innovatively combined with a micro-rotor to fabricate a novel urinary flow-rate meter (uroflowmeter), and results from a simulated human urination experiment show that the uroflowmeter accurately captured all the essential shape characteristics that were present in the pump-simulated urination curves. Looking ahead, this research provides a new reference for using flexible pressure sensors in urinary flow-rate monitoring. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS: • A flexible pressure sensor is presented based on a micro-pyramid array and silver nanowires and with low detection limit, high sensitivity, and fast response. • The sensor responds accurately and stably to human pulse signals and rapidly changing cyclic loads. • The sensor can accurately and sensitively detect dynamic water flow passing over its upper surface, and the uroflowmeter designed using it has considerably high detection accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have excellent flexibility, unique optical transmittance and high conductivity. The polyol process is appropriate for preparing AgNWs due to its simplicity, effectiveness, low cost, and high yield. This work aims to investigate the effect of preparation parameters of the polyol process on the silver nanowires properties. The parameters include the controlling agent, molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the temperature, and the reducing agent. The amount of silver nanoparticles formed during preparation was used to determine the optimum preparation conditions. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed minimal amount of Ag nanoparticles when using mixed molecular weight of PVP-40K, and PVP-1.3M at 150 °C with the assistance of copper chloride as a controlling agent. The prepared AgNWs had an average length of 3.7 µm and aspect ratio of 15.3. The fabricated electrodes were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and four probe resistivity measurements. The electrical measurement of the AgNWs electrodes indicated that the surfactant thickness is a critical parameter in having low sheet resistance electrodes. Also, the optical transmission was affected by the amount of nanoparticles. The prepared electrode with high concentration of AgNWs and a minimal amount of nanoparticles exhibited 80% optical transmission.

A hybrid transparent conductive films (TCFs) combining silver nanowires (AgNWs) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was fabricated using a piezoelectric dispenser printing method. The innovation lies in optimizing the ink composition and employing intense pulsed light sintering to enhance the TCF's performance. The optimized AgNW/PEDOT:PSS mixture, with an 8:2 ratio, achieved a figure of merit (FOM) of 28.05 × 10−3 Ω−1, corresponding to a sheet resistance of 9.93 Ω sq−1 and a transmittance of 88.0%. This represents a significant improvement over the pre-sintering FOM of 24.09 × 10−3 Ω−1. Additionally, the hybrid TCFs exhibited outstanding structural stability, maintaining functionality after 7000 mechanical bending cycles. The results enable applications in flexible optoelectronic devices, and highlight the potential of this method to produce high-performance, flexible, and durable transparent electrodes, advancing the development of next-generation optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power density is one of the important factors affecting the performance of electrode materials, which is hampered by ion/electron transport and agglomeration build-up problems. In this study, a novel 3D NiMnO 3 /Ni(OH) 2 /Ag NWs composite is synthesized via the introduction of Ag NWs. The introduction of Ag NWs synergistically influences the crystal structure and micro-morphology of the NiMnO 3 /Ni(OH) 2 /Ag NWs composite. The unique pentatwinned structure of Ag NWs facilitates the enhancement of the (110) and (101) crystal planes, which induces the movement of Ni 2p 3/2 , leading to a significant increase of Ni2+ concentration in the composites. This ensures an abundance of ion adsorption sites, generating materials conducive to reactive activity. This new structure increases the density of active sites and establishes a conductive network, which optimizes the electron and ion transport paths, greatly reduces the diffusion resistance at the electrode-electrolyte interface, and improves the charge transfer efficiency, thus effectively increasing the specific capacity and energy density of the material. The NiMnO 3 /Ni(OH) 2 /Ag NWs//AC device exhibits a remarkable specific capacity of 350.478 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 0.01 A cm−2, and its Ragone plot reveals a peak energy density of 81.107 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1699.871 W kg−1. Additionally, it achieves an energy density of 60.532 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 8490.072 W kg−1. This study explores the design and application of 3D structured electrode materials, which effectively improves the specific capacity of the materials and provides a new idea to further improve the energy density of supercapacitors. The mechanism of NiMnO 3 /Ni(OH) 2 /Ag NWs grown on Ni foam. [Display omitted] • NiMnO 3 /Ni(OH) 2 /Ag NWs electrode materials with a 3D network structure are successfully prepared. • The introduction of Ag NWs enhances the (110) and (101) crystal planes and increases the effective layer spacing. • The introduction of Ag NWs increases the content of Ni2+ and the adsorption sites. • Synergistic enhancement of material structure and morphology improves performance of the electrode material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing penetration of microwave applications in modern society, exposure to electromagnetic waves (EMWs) may become an important public health problem. In addition, the coexistence of radio-frequency (RF) devices and systems induces Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) leading to electromagnetic perturbations and lifetime reduction. Consequently, shielding materials capable of blocking EMWs are highly required. In this paper, composite materials using graphene oxide (GO) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) were studied as potential EMW shielding materials. Both GO and AgNWs were synthesized and used to obtain GO-AgNWs composites with different mass ratios of GO and AgNWs (from 1:9 to 3:1, respectively). The sheet size of GO was between 150 and 2000 nm and the thicknesses of flakes in the range of 2–5 nm. UV–Vis spectroscopy proved the successful production of AgNWs and the establishing interaction of NWs with GO sheets in the produced composites. The changes in the surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity showed that the selected eco-friendly reduction with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent was efficient in inducing the lowering in the hydrophilicity of the GO surface, while in the case of reduced GO (rGO) functionalized with AgNWs, the contact angle was 73.6° which between rGO and GO due to AgNWs hydrophilic character. The average thickness of free-standing films was around 14.8 μm. We studied the ratio between these nanomaterials to modulate shielding efficiency in a broad microwave frequency of up to 18 GHz. The shielding efficiency of around 6.5 dB was measured for the rGO free-standing film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employs a simple liquid-phase deposition method to grow TiO2 onto nanoscale silver wires, with a diameter of 90 nm and a length of 15∼20 μm. This core-shell structure possesses a high specific surface area, which enhances the gas reaction surface. Measurements can be conducted at room temperature. The main mechanism relies on the conductive properties of silver to transmit electrons, while Schottky barriers between Ag and TiO2 further accelerate oxygen ionization and surface redox reactions. This structure may contribute to enhancing the response value, response time, and recovery time of gas sensors.

The heat generation of the human body dramatically varies between resting and active status, so dynamic heat dissipation is required to ensure optimal thermal comfort. Herein, we propose a spectrally self-adaptive smart fabric (SSSF) by covering polyester fabric with silver nanowires, which autonomously adjusts its emissivity in response to the body’s movement status from dry to wet states. During periods of inactivity, the SSSF maintains radiative heat insulation with a low emissivity state of 0.39. Conversely, during vigorous physical activity, its emissivity is improved to 0.83 when the sweat penetrates the SSSF, facilitating greater heat dissipation. Comparative experiments demonstrate the superior thermal management capabilities of the SSSF, with a 19.5 % reduction in heat dissipation power relative to traditional fabrics when in the low emissivity mode, and an impressive 67.6 % enhancement in heat dissipation power as it changes from low to high emissivity mode. This work provides an adaptive approach to emissivity modulation, offering an effective solution for dynamic heat dissipation of humans across various states of activity, thereby enhancing personal thermal comfort.

In this study, we conducted the extraction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) using the chemical reduction evaporation method, involving silver metal (Ag) with a molarity of 7.716 M and nitric acid (HNO3). The heating process via evaporation was carried out at 85oC for 2 hours. Subsequently, the synthesis of silver nanowires (AgNWs) was performed using a 0.3 M of AgNO3 solution in ethylene glycol (EG), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and Iron (III) Chloride hexahydrate (FeCl36H2O). XRD analysis of the AgNO3 sample revealed an orthorhombic crystal structure with a single AgNO3 phase peak. In AgNWs, three crystalline phases were observed, with the Ag phase being the most dominant. The average crystal size of AgNO3 and AgNWs was 109.42 nm and 22.06 nm, respectively. The average crystal size of the AgNO3 sample may be influenced by the aggregation between crystal nuclei during the heating process. XRF analysis indicated a 98.84% Ag concentration in AgNO3. SEM-EDS analysis showed that the AgNO3 sample had a non-aggregated morphological structure, with particle size measuring 49.46 μm and an overall AgNO3 purity of 92.68%. The SEM image of the AgNWs sample displayed a very homogeneous diameter of ∼200 nm with a length of around 10-20 μm. Meanwhile, AgNWs exhibited a morphology resembling rod-shaped wires with a purity of 68% for Ag.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of trimethylsilane (TMS) plasma nanocoatings in protecting silver nanowires (AgNWs) from degradation and thus to improve their stability. TMS plasma nanocoatings at various thicknesses were deposited onto AgNWs that were prepared on three different substrates, including glass, porous styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). The experimental results showed that the application of TMS plasma nanocoatings to AgNWs induced little increase, up to ~25%, in their electrical resistance but effectively protected them from degradation. Over a two-month storage period in summer (20–22 °C, 55–70% RH), the resistance of the coated AgNWs on SEBS increased by only ~90%, compared to a substantial increase of ~700% for the uncoated AgNWs. On glass, the resistance of the coated AgNWs increased by ~30%, versus ~190% for the uncoated ones. When stored in a 37 °C phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution for 2 months, the resistance of the coated AgNWs on glass increased by ~130%, while the uncoated AgNWs saw a ~970% rise. Increasing the TMS plasma nanocoating thickness further improved the conductivity stability of the AgNWs. The nanocoatings also transformed the AgNWs' surfaces from hydrophilic to hydrophobic without significantly affecting their optical transparency. These findings demonstrate the potential of TMS plasma nanocoatings in protecting AgNWs from environmental and aqueous degradation, preserving their electrical conductivity and suitability for use in transparent electrodes and wearable electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research results and evaluation of the applicability of the original composition of hybrid paper based on silver nanowires (AgNWs), cellulose pulp (CP), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are presented and discussed. The material tested was used to manufacture sensors for mechanical deformation resulting from external influences or related to human activity interactions. The sensors were fabricated using an AgNWs + CP suspension and additives by the vacuum filtration method. The substrate obtained was machined and then laminated with a layer of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The recorded responses to selected types of imposed mechanical interactions in the form of changes in the relative resistance of the sensor throughout the tests showed a close cause-and-effect relationship. The response of the tested systems when applying an alternating magnetic field was also observed. The results indicate that the proposed solutions can find application in the monitoring of mechanical interactions resulting from the dynamic behavior of physical objects, as well as derived from selected human vital functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regenerative treatment of infectious vertical bone defects remains difficult and challenging today. Current clinical treatments are limited in their ability to control bacteria and infection, which is unfavorable for new bone formation and calls for a new type of material with excellent osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Here a multifunctional scaffold is synthesized that mimics natural bone nanostructures by incorporating silver nanowires into a hierarchical, intrafibrillar mineralized collagen matrix (IMC/AgNWs), to achieve the therapeutic goals of inhibiting bacterial activity and promoting infectious alveolar bone augmentation in rats and beagle dogs. An appropriate concentration of 0.5 mg mL−1 AgNWs is selected to balance biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. The achieved IMC/AgNWs exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties against Gram‐negative Porphyromonas gingivalis and Gram‐positive Streptococcus mutans. When the IMC/AgNWs are cocultured with periodontal ligament stem cells, it possesses excellent osteoinductive activities under both non‐inflammatory and inflammatory conditions. By constructing a rat mandibular infected periodontal defect model, the IMC/AgNWs achieve a near‐complete healing through the canonical BMP/Smad signaling. Moreover, the IMC/AgNWs enhance vertical bone height and osseointegration in peri‐implantitis in beagle dogs, indicating the clinical translational potential of IMC/AgNWs for infectious vertical bone augmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Surface modification of PET substrates using polyvinylpyrrolidone to improve substrate hydrophilicity. • The MXene/AgNW/MXene transparent conductive films with a sandwich structure were prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly. • The EMI SE of the MAM TCF achieves 27.12 dB, and the transmittance is 85.1 %. • The MAM TCF has a fast thermal response and high electro-thermal conversion at low voltages. With the popularization of 5G technology and the development of science and technology, flexible and transparent conductive films (TCF) are increasingly used in the preparation of optoelectronic devices such as electromagnetic shielding devices, transparent flexible heaters, and solar cells. Silver nanowires (AgNW) are considered the best material for replacing indium tin oxide to prepare TCFs due to their excellent comprehensive properties. However, the loose overlap between AgNWs is a significant reason for the high resistance. This article investigates a sandwich structured conductive network composed of AgNW and Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene for high-performance EMI shielding and transparent electrical heaters. Polyethylene pyrrolidone (PVP) solution was used to hydrophilic modify PET substrate, and then MXene, AgNW, and MXene were assembled layer by layer using spin coating method to form a TCF with a sandwich structure. One-dimensional AgNW is used to provide electron transfer channels and improve light penetration, while two-dimensional MXene nanosheets are used for welding AgNWs and adding additional conductive channels. The flexible TCF has excellent transmittance (85.1 % at 550 nm) and EMI shielding efficiency (27.1 dB). At the voltage of 5 V, the TCF used as a heater can reach 85.6 °C. This work offers an innovative approach to creating TCFs for the future generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are one kind of nanomaterials for various applications such as solar panel cells and biosensors. However, the morphology of AgNWs, particularly their length and diameter, plays a critical role in determining the efficiency of energy storage systems and the transmittance of biosensors. Thus, it is imperative to study synthesis strategy for morphology control. This study focuses on synthesizing AgNWs through the solvothermal approach and aims to understand the individual and combined effects of three nucleants, NaCl, Fe(NO3)3 and NaBr, on the morphology of AgNWs. Using a modified successive multistep growth (SMG) approach and fine-tuning the nucleant concentrations, this study synthesized AgNWs with controllable aspect ratios, while minimizing the presence of undesirable byproducts like nanoparticles. Our results demonstrated the successful synthesis of AgNWs with favorable morphologies, including lengths of approximately 180 µm and diameters of 40 nm, thus resulting in aspect ratios of 4500. In addition, to assess the quality of the synthesized AgNWs, this work developed computational tools that uses MATLAB to automate the analysis of scanning electron microscope (SEM) images for detecting silver nanoparticles. This automated approach provides a quantitative analysis tool for material characterization and holds the promise for long-term evaluation of diverse AgNW samples, thereby paving the way for advancements in their synthesis and application. Overall, this study demonstrates the significance of morphology control in AgNW synthesis and presents a robust framework for material characterization and quality analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the electrical properties and stability of silver nanowire transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) were improved through the platinum electroplating process (AgNWs@Pt TCEs). After electroplating, environmental and thermal stabilities increased considerably, whereas sheet resistance was greatly reduced. Sheet resistance sharply decreased from 181.3Ω/□ to 16.59 Ω/□. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of the AgNWs@Pt TCEs was enhanced by 20°C compared with that of TCEs based on silver nanowires. The sheet resistance of the AgNWs@Pt TCEs remained nearly constant after exposure to ambient air for five months. The optimal electroplating condition was achieved at an electroplating current of 10 µA for 30 s. Under this condition, the sheet resistance, transmittance, and figure-of-merit (FOM) values of the AgNWs@Pt TCEs were approximately 16.59 Ω/□, 83.89%, and 123 Ω-1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrathin flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) have garnered widespread attention in wearable electronic devices for their lightweight and excellent conformability. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are one of the most widely used bottom electrodes because of their high conductivity and transmittance. However, the high roughness of AgNWs on the flexible substrate exerts adverse effects on device performance. To address this critical issue, a bilayer electron‐transport‐materials (ETMs) strategy consisting of an indium‐doped zinc oxide (IZO) and a pristine ZnO is developed. The IZO is utilized as the first layer of ETM, which can effectively fill voids in AgNWs to form a high‐conductive composite electrode. The ZnO is used as the second layer of ETM, facilitating charge extraction. The ultrathin flexible OSCs prepared based on the gradient bilayer ETMs can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.1%, associated with improved mechanical stability, showing a PCE retention of 93% after 10 000 bending cycles (R = 1 mm) and 82% under 1000 compression (30%)‐release cycling test. To the best of knowledge, it's one of the highest efficiency for ultrathin (less than 10 μm) flexible OSCs based on the solution‐processed electrodes. This work will provide a new avenue for fabricating high‐performance and mechanically robust ultraflexible ITO‐free OSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrical conductivity can be significantly improved by constructing a three-dimensional conductive network through the chemical bonding of highly conductive one-dimensional AgNWs with two-dimensional GO. To achieve this, under acidic conditions and catalytic action at temperatures, the carboxyl group of mercaptoacetic acid undergoes esterification reaction with the hydroxyl group on GO. This reaction introduces a sulfhydryl group onto the surface of GO, resulting in the formation of graphene oxide bearing a sulfhydryl group, denoted as GO-SH. Subsequently, these sulfhydryl groups serve as growth sites for silver crystal species, allowing for precise control over the distribution and arrangement of AgNWs. The oriented arrangement of AgNWs enabled the successful preparation of AgNWs/GO-SH composites with high electrical conductivity. Following this, the composites underwent comprehensive analysis of their structure and morphology using various characterization tools. The composite coatings prepared by vacuum filtration and mechanical pressing exhibited excellent electrical conductivity (2275.4 S/cm), as well as superior electromagnetic shielding properties (SE, 65.23 dB). These findings suggest promising applications in the field of electromagnetic shielding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the problem of poor flexibility of common one-dimensional flexible conductors at low temperatures, this paper proposed a one-dimensional flexible conductive composite material with cotton fiber as the substrate and silver-nanowires as the conductive fillers to meet the demands of flexible conductors in low temperature fields such as space exploration, superconductivity, low-temperature biology, etc. Through a creative "bottom-up" fabricating process, by adjusting the amount of filler added and the degree of intertwining between cotton fibers, 1D flexible nanocomposite with good flexibility, conductivity, strength and stability is obtained. After 10,000 times of flexibility tests at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), the resistance change of the 1D nanocomposite is less than ± 0.5%, showing excellent flexibility and stability of the material at low temperature environment. A demonstration was then successfully conducted by connecting the 1D nanocomposite to the circuit as the flexible part of the system in simulated working environment (77 K). The system worked well with good stability under repeated bending of the mechanical arm, demonstrating high applying potential of the 1D nanocomposite in the field of low-temperature flexible conductive materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Highly sensitive strain sensors have been widely used in human motion monitoring, medical treatment, soft robots, and human–computer interaction, and the recycling of functional materials is in a huge demand for eco‐friendly and sustainable electronics. However, the manufacturing of recyclable strain sensors still remains challenging. Here, a semi‐wrapped structure based on silver nanowires and polyvinyl alcohol is proposed to realize a recyclable and stable strain sensor. It has shown excellent sensitivity, fast response, high stretchability and good environmental stability, and is successfully applied for human motion monitoring. In addition, a simple strategy is developed to effectively recycle silver nanowires in an eco‐friendly manner. The recyclable and stable strain sensor demonstrates potential applications in wearable and stretchable electronics, and the recycling strategy can be extended to other noble metal nanomaterials.

Abstract Silver nanowires (AgNW) are prospective for the fabrication of flexible transparent conductive coatings. The main challenge is to ensure low sheet resistance of AgNW coatings at flexible substrates. Herein, a simple low‐temperature post‐treatment method is proposed for improving the conductivity and adhesion of AgNW coatings which is based on the deposition of distilled water (DI) with a small amount of dissolved polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Capillary forces cause a decrease in the sheet resistance of AgNW coatings while the presence of PVA significantly improves the adhesion of nanowires to the flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. As a result, coatings with a transparency of 91% and a sheet resistance of 20 Ω sq‒1 are fabricated. The storage time of coatings in air is increased due to the presence of a thin layer of PVA on AgNW. After 90 days, the sheet resistance of post‐treated AgNW coatings is increased by 11 times, while the sheet resistance of untreated coatings is increased by more than 3000 times. The obtained AgNW coatings are utilized as flexible transparent heaters.

Abstract Electrospun sponges with electrical conductivity are promising materials for electrodes with applications in pressure sensors, flexible wearable sensors, and supercapacitors. However, electrospun sponges display poor electric conductivity, which can be increased by the addition of silver nanowire (AgNW). The resulting electric conductivity may depend strongly on the distribution of the AgNW in and on the sponges. A straightforward assembly method for an elastic conductive sponge, composed of 3D structures and metal nanowires, using a synergistic strategy which involves modified impregnation and deposition processes assisted by polyethyleneimine (PEI) impregnation, is presented. The resulting changes in the material properties are also explored, and it is under specific conditions, that percolation, leading to significantly enhanced electrical conductivity in the sponges, is achieved.

Metallic nanowires (NWs) are sensitive to heat treatment and can split into shorter fragments within minutes at temperatures far below the melting point. This process can hinder the functioning of NW-based devices that are subject to relatively mild temperatures. Commonly, heat-induced fragmentation of NWs is attributed to the interplay between heat-enhanced diffusion and Rayleigh instability. In this work, we demonstrated that contact with the substrate plays an important role in the fragmentation process and can strongly affect the outcome of the heat treatment. We deposited silver NWs onto specially patterned silicon wafers so that some NWs were partially suspended over the holes in the substrate. Then, we performed a series of heat-treatment experiments and found that adhered and suspended parts of NWs behave differently under the heat treatment. Moreover, depending on the heat-treatment process, fragmentation in either adhered or suspended parts can dominate. Experiments were supported by finite element method and molecular dynamics simulations.

Highlights We present a method that utilizes ionic liquid-enhanced nanomaterial assembly to fabricate highly stable and large-area MXene-silver nanowire electrodes with ordered layered structures. This approach emphasizes the use of hydrophobic and nonvolatile ionic liquids, which form stable interfaces with water by reducing interface energy, preventing the sedimentation loss of nanomaterials during assembly. The prepared electrodes not only exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties (9.4 Ω sq−1 sheet resistance and 93% transmittance), but also have exceptional antioxidant capacity.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered increasing attention for its ability to detect molecules even at low concentrations; however, the fabrication methods for SERS sensors require further study aimed at simple and rapid on-body and environmental monitoring. In this context, we propose an etching-free method for fabricating silver nanowires (AgNWs)-SERS sensors based on AgNWs. A lift-off process was conducted to create a pattern without etching, and lamination of the dry film resist overcame the limitations associated with liquid photoresists. Consequently, the resulting AgNW-patterned substrate was used to evaluate the pH of the test solution in the range of 1.1 and 12.0 and exhibited a Raman signal enhancement of 2 × 106. This fast and cost-effective fabrication method, combined with the intrinsic flexibility of the substrate and rapid and reproducible response to pH variations, provides a foundation for applying AgNW-patterned substrates for microenvironmental analysis or developing wearable optical devices.

Multifunctional wearable electronic sensors exhibit significant potential for applications in health management, motion tracking, intelligent healthcare, etc. In this study, we developed a novel assembly method for a polymeric silver nanowire (Ag NW)/transition metal carbide/nitride (MXene) @Loofah device using a facile solution dip-coating technique. During the pretreatment phase, the loofah was conditioned with polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDAC), promoting the self-assembly of MXene layers and bolstering device stability. Then, the Ag NWs/MXene@Loofah was packaged with polyurethane to form a piezoresistive pressure sensor, which demonstrated superior pressure-sensing capabilities and was adept at registering movements of human joints and even subtle pulses. The design strategy presents a novel and rational approach to developing efficient pressure sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As electronic devices advance, the electromagnetic (EM) interference generated by the emission of EM waves persists and intensifies, considerably impacting the normal operation of electronic equipment and human health. To address this issue, microporous composite silver nanowire (AgNWs)/activated nanofiber (ANF) aerogels, endowed with EM-shielding properties, were prepared via liquid nitrogen unidirectional freezing and freeze-drying techniques. Hydrogen bonds generated between the carbonyl groups of polyvinylpyrrolidone covering the surfaces of the AgNWs and the amino groups of ANF promoted entanglement between AgNWs and ANF. This integration not only improved the mechanical properties but also diminished the pore dimensions of AgNWs/ANF aerogels. In addition, the incorporation of 50 wt % AgNWs exceptionally boosted the electrical conductivity of the composite, measuring at 845.5 S/cm, while maintaining a low density of 89.4 mg/cm3. Simultaneously, this composite aerogel exhibited an EM interference (EMI) shielding effect of 31.4 dB, adequately meeting the requirements of various commercial applications that necessitate EMI shielding. Overall, this lightweight aerogel possesses promising potential for applications in the electronics and communication field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanocomposites are materials of special interest for the development of flexible electronic, optical, and mechanical devices in applications such as transparent conductive electrodes and flexible electronic sensors. These materials take advantage of the electrical, chemical, and mechanical properties of a polymeric matrix, especially in force sensors, as well as the properties of a conductive filler such as silver nanowires (AgNWs). In this work, the fabrication of a force sensor using AgNWs synthesized via the polyol chemical technique is presented. The nanowires were deposited via drop-casting in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form the active (electrode) and resistive (nanocomposite) sensor films, with both films separated by a cellulose acetate substrate. The dimensions of the resulting sensor are 35 mm × 40 mm × 0.1 mm. The sensor shows an applied force ranging from 0 to 3.92 N, with a sensitivity of 0.039 N. The sensor stand-off resistance, exceeding 50 MΩ, indicates a good ability to detect changes in applied force without an external force. Additionally, studies revealed a response time of 10 ms, stabilization of 9 s, and a degree of hysteresis of 1.9%. The voltage response of the sensor under flexion at an angle of 85° was measured, demonstrating its functionality over a prolonged period. The fabricated sensor can be used in applications that require measuring pressure on irregular surfaces or systems with limited space, such as for estimating movement in robot joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aerospace industry has progressively grown its use of composites. Electrically conductive nanocomposites are among important modern materials for this sector. We report on a bulk composite containing silver nanowires (AgNW) and an aerospace grade epoxy for use in carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs). AgNWs' surfaces were also modified to enhance their ability to be dispersed in epoxy. Composites were obtained by use of three-roll milling which is of major interest for industrial applications, especially for the aerospace sector, since the process is scalable and works for aerospace grade resins with high curing temperatures. Our main objective is to improve the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of CFRPs via improving the properties of the resin material. The addition of AgNWs did not considerably alter the flexural strength of the epoxy, however the composite with surface-modified AgNWs has a 46 % higher flexural strength. Adding AgNWs over a low threshold concentration of 0.05 wt% significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity. Conductivities above the percolation threshold lie around 102 S/m. At a concentration of 5 wt% AgNW, the EMI shielding efficiency (SE) of epoxy increased from 3.49 to 12.31 dB. Moreover, the thermal stability of the epoxy was unaffected by AgNWs. As a result, it was discovered that (surface modified) AgNWs improved the (multifunctional) capabilities of the aerospace grade epoxy resin which might be used in CFRPs to further enhance properties of composites parts, demonstrating suitability of AgNWs' as a reinforcement material in aerospace applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks hold great promises as next‐generation flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) for high‐performance flexible optoelectronic devices. However, achieving large‐area flexible AgNW network electrodes with low sheet resistance, high optical transmittance, and a smooth surface remains a grand challenge. Here, we report a straightforward and cost‐effective roll‐to‐roll method that includes interface assembly/wetting‐induced climbing transfer, nanowelding, and washing processess to fabricate flexible ordered layered AgNW electrodes with high network uniformity. By manipulating the stacking number of the interfacially assembled AgNW monolayer, we can precisely tailor and balance the transparency and the conductivity of the electrodes, achieving an exceptional Figure of Merit (FoM) value of 862. Moreover, the ordered layered structure enhances surface smoothness, compared with randomly arranged structures. To highlight the potential of these ordered layered AgNW network electrodes in flexible optoelectronic devices, we successfully employ them as highly sensitive strain sensors, large‐area flexible touch screens, and flexible smart windows. Overall, this work represents a substantial advance toward high‐performance FTEs over large areas, opening up exciting opportunities for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wearable sweat sensor chip based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is here presented. The plasmonic core of the chip, obtained by deposition of silver nanowires on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) porous membrane, permits the direct and label-free detection of urea and lactate at physiologic concentrations in combination with the pH measurement in the range between 5 and 9. Once integrated with commercial biocompatible and adhesive tape layers, the as produced SERS-active chip provides a low-cost, flexible and wearable sensing device for rapid and reliable human sweat analysis. The chip was finally tested on real sweat samples to estimate lactate and urea during medium-intense exertions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are becoming ideal materials for preparing flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs) due to their excellent properties. The high stability of AgNW-based TCFs is promising yet remains challenging. Herein, a simple and efficient interface assembly strategy is introduced via the top-down spray transfer assembly to enhance interface bonding, resulting in semiembedded TCFs using high-aspect-ratio AgNWs and monodisperse nanosilica microspheres (SiO2NPs) with the help of a thiol-ene click-based polyurethane acrylate (PUA) optical coating. The organic–inorganic composite antireflection film composed of SiO2NPs and PUA coating solves the problem of poor adhesion and uneven distribution of AgNWs on the substrate by electrostatic adsorption. The addition of SiO2NPs was shown to improve the connectivity of AgNWs, thus achieving high transparency and sheet resistance at lower AgNWs spray rates (sheet resistance of 13.4 Ω/sq, light transmittance of 93.9%). Indeed, the TCFs introduced in this study outperform the majority of existing metal oxide or AgNW-based TCFs, retaining the flexibility of AgNWs while possessing the high adhesion, stability, and conductivity uniformity of metal oxide-based TCFs. They are expected to replace traditional metal oxide nanoconductive materials with high brittleness and cost, playing a pivotal role in devices such as flexible displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a silver nanowires (AgNWs)/nano-zinc oxide (ZnO)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) film is fabricated as an alternative to indium tin oxide transparent conductive films (TCFs). AgNWs are prepared by the polyol method with PVP as a dispersant to prevent Ag nanoparticles agglomeration during AgNWs formation. Nano-ZnO is synthesized using sol–gel method. AgNWs/ZnO/PVP TCFs are prepared using the electrostatic spinning and spin coating methods for comparison. It is found that the best PVP/AgNO3 molar ratio is 3.5:1. FTIR and XRD analyses show that 500°C calcination leads to better crystallinity and purity of nano-ZnO. Four-point prober analysis indicates that the higher the AgNWs content, the lower the TCF sheet resistance. The best sheet resistance of AgNWs/ZnO/PVP TCF by the electrostatic spinning method is obtained as 81 Ω/sq, and the light transmittance is 85.3%. Moreover, in the 5-week stability test, the sheet resistance of the electrospun TCF increases by 6.17%, much lower than 24.9% of the spin coated TCF. It is verified that the elecrospun AgNWs/ZnO/PVP composite TCF is a promising alternative to the traditional ITO TCFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]