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The optimization of production processes leads to an increase in the volume of output from the primary sector, as an instrument to protect the population from crossing the border of extreme poverty. The Republic of Serbia is a traditional producer of primary products, as evidenced by the realized surplus in the net export of agricultural crops. In the period after global financial crisis, the Republic of Serbia achieved an above-average inflation rate growth, compared to the countries of the European Union. In this research, we detect a significant participation of products from agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining to reduce the volatility of product prices. The purpose of the research is to prove the causal relationship between the rate of inflation and the volume of production primary products. The methodological part was carried out through the evaluation of the model using econometric methods. The conclusion indicates a high correlation between the production of primary outputs and the rate of inflation in the Serbian economy.

This paper analyzes the management of intellectual disability language. I will focus specifically on the term flerfunktionsnedsättning which is the recommended Swedish equivalent for Profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). This term reflects how, in Sweden, discourses and practices with an aim to conform language to linguistic, ethical, and political ideals are enacted. The result of such process in relation to disability has been the creation of different co-existing vocabularies that often create confusion. This is especially the case with flerfunktionsnedsättning which is hardly used or even recognized in the field among professionals. I will argue that this terminological confusion reflects the normative confusion in disability studies and disability policy.

This paper discusses youth and the significance of age in the lives of persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. The analysis is based on an ethnographic research project that explores what makes a good life for this group of people. The findings indicate that whilst the meaning and significance of youth and age were discussed often by care workers and family members, age had very little significance in the lives of our research participants. Youth as a phase of life gets lost in the transition from children’s services to adult services: age in the lives of persons with profound intellectual disabilities means merely a move from one service system to another. For the care workers, age provides a way to evaluate and criticize the service system and whether it caters for the individual needs of persons with profound intellectual disabilities.

In the paper, the mutuality of the market production of beef, pigmeat, sheep meat and poultry meat and the achieved level of development of agriculture as per Serbias districts in the period from 2001 to 2016 are analyzed. The ranking of districts in Serbia is done by the I-distance method. Similarities are determined by cluster analysis method, while results are represented by a dendrogram. Belgrade District shows a deficit in the market production of all meats. In the three districts of Vojvodina Region, there is a deficit in sheep meat and in the two districts, there is a deficit in poultry meat. The three districts of Sumadija and Western Serbia Region, there is a deficit in the production of pigmeat and poultry meat. The Region of Southern and Eastern Serbia has a deficit in the production of poultry meat.

This study explores the construction of parental and professional agency in the written accounts by women who have undergone selective abortion (N=8). The analysis of the data was based on qualitative, linguistic discourse analysis. The accounts indicate that the mothers themselves exhibited both strong and weak agency during the process of prenatal diagnosis. The role of the professionals was usually discussed in these accounts concerning only the phases of pregnancy when something out of ordinary had been detected. After the termination, the mothers expressed that they were forced to exhibit strong agency and find ways to cope with their distress unaided due to a lack of professional support. The findings provide new viewpoints for discussing the realization of parental autonomy in prenatal counseling as well as knowledge about the various emotional reactions which prenatal diagnosis and selective abortions evoke.

Defined as the unpleasant sensation that causes the desire to scratch, pruritus is the most common skin symptom associated with uremia and appears in almost half of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Beyond its direct impact on quality of life, CKD-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is an independent predictor of mortality that also has a synergistic effect with other quality of life-related symptoms, such as insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Although different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the origin of Pa-ERC, its etiopathogenesis is still not fully understood. Since new therapeutic targets have been identified and several clinical trials have recently shown promising results, our current understanding of the interrelationships has expanded significantly and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CKD-aP are now considered to be multifactorial. The potential triggers of pruritus in patients with CKD are discussed in this review, including hypotheses about skin xerosis, accumulation of uremic toxins, dysregulation of the immune system and systemic inflammation, uremic neuropathy, and imbalances in the endogenous opioid system. Other non-uremic causes of pruritus are also discussed, with the aim of guiding the physicians to apply an adequate aetiopathogenic approach to CKD-aP in their day-to-day clinical practice., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: Haemodialysis (HD) patients are characterised by muscle wasting, decreased physical function and poor quality of life. The objective was to analyse the effect of an intradialysis NMES training programme in muscular strength, functional capacity and quality of life in our HD patients., Material: HD patients were assigned to NMES (ESG) or control group (CG) in a 12-week single-centre prospective study. Transversal quadriceps muscular area, maximum length quadriceps strength (MLQS), handgrip, sit-to-stand-to-sit 10 test (STS10), "6-min walking test" (6MWT); EuroQol-5D health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) questionnaire, subjective global assessment (SGA) and NMES symptoms questionnaires (SQ) were completed., Results: Thirty-eight patients (54 % men). Mean age 69.7 years. 32.1 months on HD, 23 ESG and 15 in CG. In contrast with CG, ESG significantly (*p < 0.05) improved MLQS* (10.2 6.7 vs. 13.1 8.1 kg), STS10* (41 18.7 vs. 37.2 23.9 s), 6MWT* (12 %, 280.5 vs. 312.4 m) and EQ-5D score* (52.7 vs. 65.5) at the end of the study. However, lower SQ score* (8.5 vs. 5.8 sympt./patient) in ESG was observed, mainly due to muscular pain* (2.2 vs. 1.2), cramps* (1.6 vs. 1.2), numbness* (1.7 vs. 1.1) or stinging* (1.5 vs. 1.1). In ESG, 44 and 72 % referred better wellness sensation and physical condition in SGA, respectively., Conclusions: Intradialytic NMES of both quadriceps improved muscular strength, functional capacity and quality of life in our HD patients. With the obtained results, NMES constitutes a novel therapeutic alternative to improve the deteriorated physical condition and quality of life of these patients.