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To assess the value of the administration of positive rectal contrast at CT in patients referred for suspected diverticular disease (DD) of the colon. 460 patients (253 male, 207 female; median age 62 years; interquartile range 24) with clinical suspicion of DD of the colon were included in this retrospective IRB-approved study. CT was performed with i. v. contrast only (n = 328, group M1), i. v. + positive rectal contrast (n = 82, group M2), neither i. v. nor rectal contrast (n = 32, group S1), or positive rectal contrast only (n = 19, group S2). Two readers in consensus evaluated all CT datasets concerning diagnosis of DD (yes/no) and categorized findings (classification of diverticular disease (CDD)). Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for the diagnosis of DD were calculated for all groups, using either clinical follow-up (n = 335) or intraoperative findings (n = 125) as the reference standard. In patients undergoing surgery, radiological staging of DD was correlated with the histopathology (weighted Cohen-k). 224 patients (48.7 %) were diagnosed with DD. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were as follows. Group M1 / M2: 92 %/92 %, 97 %/94 %, 96 %/96 %, 94 %/89 %, respectively; group S1 / S2: 94 %/86 %, 93 %/80 %, 94 %/92 %, 93 %/67 %, respectively. Radiological staging and histopathology correlated substantially in all groups (k = 0.748-0.861). Abdominal CT had a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of DD. Disease staging correlated well with the findings at surgery. Additional positive rectal contrast administration did not have a significant advantage and may therefore be omitted in patients with suspected DD.· CT has a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of DD.. · CT staging using the CDD algorithm correlates very well with surgery.. · Positive rectal contrast administration does not improve diagnosis and radiological staging..· Meyer S, Schmidbauer M, Wacker FK et al. To Fill or Not to Fill? - Value of the Administration of Positive Rectal Contrast for CT Evaluation of Diverticular Disease of the Colon. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 804 - 812.ZIEL: Evaluation der rektalen Gabe positiven KM im Rahmen der CT bei Patienten mit klinischem Verdacht auf Divertikelkrankheit des Dickdarms (DD). 460 Patienten (253 Männer, 207 Frauen; medianes Alter 62 Jahre; Interquartilsabstand 24) mit klinischem Verdacht auf DD wurden in diese retrospektive, durch die Ethikkommission genehmigte Studie eingeschlossen. Die CT wurde nur mit i. v. KM (n = 328, Gruppe M1), i. v. und positivem rektalem KM (n = 82, Gruppe M2), weder i. v. noch positivem rektalem KM (n = 32, Gruppe S1) oder nur positivem rektalem KM (n = 18, Gruppe S2) durchgeführt. Die CT-Untersuchungen wurden von 2 Radiologen gemeinsam im Hinblick auf die Diagnose DD (ja/nein) evaluiert und, falls zutreffend, basierend auf der Klassifikation der Divertikelkrankheit (CDD) kategorisiert. Als Referenzstandard dienten der klinische Verlauf (n = 335) sowie der operative/histologische Befund (n = 125). Sensitivität, Spezifität, positiver (PPV) und negativer prädiktiver Wert (NPV) wurden für alle Gruppe berechnet. Im Fall einer Operation wurde das CT-Stadium mit dem histopathologischen Ergebnis korreliert (gewichtete Cohen-k). Bei 224 Patienten (48,7 %) wurde eine DD diagnostiziert. Sensitivität, Spezifität, PPV und NPV für die CT waren wie folgt: Gruppe M1 / M2: 92 %/92 %, 97 %/94 %, 96 %/96 %, 94 %/89 %; Gruppe S1 / S2: 94 %/86 %, 93 %/80 %, 94 %/92 %, 93 %/67 %. Das CT-Stadium korrelierte in allen Gruppen sehr gut mit dem histopathologischen Befund (k = 0,748–0,861). Die CT hat eine hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität für die Diagnose einer Divertikelkrankheit des Dickdarms. Das radiologische Krankheitsstadium korrelierte sehr gut mit dem intraoperativen Befund. Die ergänzende rektale Applikation von positivem KM hat jedoch in der vorliegenden Studie keinen signifikanten Vorteil gezeigt, sodass im Rahmen der klinischen Routine auf diese verzichtet werden kann.· Die CT hat eine hohe Sensitivität/Spezifität für die Diagnose DD.. · Das CT-Stadium (CDD Algorithmus) korreliert sehr gut mit dem operativen Befund.. · Die Gabe von positivem rektalen KM verbessert weder Diagnose noch Stadieneinteilung..

BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often acquire an impaired nutritional status resulting in compromised outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition may have a positive effect on outcomes after elective surgery. METHODS Short-term outcomes before and after implementation of preoperative immunonutrition were retrospectively assessed. Regression models adjusted for outcome predictors were used to compare the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital, local infections, and general complications. RESULTS Four hundred eleven patients were included (control group = 209 and the intervention group = 202). With immunonutrition, hospital LOS was significantly lower (median 6 vs 8 days; adjusted mean difference of -5.65 days; P

Purpose Aim of our study was to evaluate the motivation of medical students in their final year of medical school to choose radiology for further specialization by means of a Germany-wide survey. Materials and Methods The survey was performed during the 2015/16 semester among German medical students in their four months radiology elective during the final year. Invitations for the study were distributed by the Student Secretariats of each university. The survey was web-based with EvaSys 7.0 software. Questions on radiology contents during medical studies and “practical year” were part of the survey. Plans for residency and possible advantages and disadvantages of radiology as medical specialty were inquired. Descriptive statistics and group comparisons were used as analysis methods. Results 89 students participated in the survey at the beginning and 60 students at the end of the practical year. Of these 39 students could be identified who answered both questionnaires. Most students were satisfied with their final year radiology elective (mean 1.8 on a range from 1 to 5). Nevertheless, they criticized mentoring during routine work (mean 2.1) and a lack of educational courses (mean 2.1). Most students (83 %) were uncertain about their residency choice at the beginning of their “practical year” and about one fifth changed their plans. From the students’ point of view main advantages of radiology included contact with many other clinical disciplines (87 %) and the working conditions (68 %). The reduced patient contact (42 %), the large amount of work at a computer (43 %), and the dependency on referring physicians (42 %) were regarded as the main disadvantages. The students regarded the way radiology is taught during the studies as not practical enough. With regard to radiology the majority of students (63 %) felt poorly prepared for their future work. Conclusion The “practical year” is important regarding the choice of future specialization. There was a high degree of satisfaction with the “practical year” in radiology. The mentoring during routine work and a lack of educational courses was mildly criticized. These factors provide room for improvement to foster students’ interest in radiology. Key Points Citation Format

Most approaches for video frame interpolation require accurate dense correspondences to synthesize an in-between frame. Therefore, they do not perform well in challenging scenarios with e.g. lighting changes or motion blur. Recent deep learning approaches that rely on kernels to represent motion can only alleviate these problems to some extent. In those cases, methods that use a per-pixel phase-based motion representation have been shown to work well. However, they are only applicable for a limited amount of motion. We propose a new approach, PhaseNet, that is designed to robustly handle challenging scenarios while also coping with larger motion. Our approach consists of a neural network decoder that directly estimates the phase decomposition of the intermediate frame. We show that this is superior to the hand-crafted heuristics previously used in phase-based methods and also compares favorably to recent deep learning based approaches for video frame interpolation on challenging datasets., Comment: CVPR 2018

O presente trabalho discute uma nova abordagem que vem ganhando visibilidade denominada Psicologia Positiva, realizando a interlocução das idéias e conceitos da mesma com a Psicologia do Esporte e as possíveis contribuições para a formação e para a prática do profissional da área. Gable & Haidt (2005) definem a Psicologia Positiva como o estudo das condições e processos que contribuem para o amadurecimento e otimização do desempenho das pessoas, grupos e instituições. Segundo Snyder & Lopez (2009), essa abordagem veio para oferecer um equilíbrio em relação às teorias predominantes na Psicologia cujo enfoque estava voltado à patologia, destacando-se a importância de considerarmos tanto os defeitos quanto (e principalmente) as qualidades das pessoas. Essa mudança de paradigma certamente se refletirá na melhora da performance do praticante (não somente no âmbito do esporte, mas nos diversos contextos em que está inserido), bem como da sua satisfação e aderência à atividade esportiva.

In Psychology the term resilience became a important concept, by investigating as some children, even living in hostile environments, are able to surpass the difficulties and present suitable standards of normality, and be considered resilients (Poletto & Koller, 2002). The objective of this research was to investigate how the sportive practice can be a activity potentially promoter of resilience. The present work has been developed with 11 participants of an institution located in a town of the State of Sao Paulo Brazil, that teaches athletics. It was used an instrument called Five Fields Map (Samuelson, Therlund & Ringstron, 1996) that evaluates the social and affective support net, associated to a half-structuralized interview. The results had pointed that the field referring to the athletics project was the one that got the biggest number of mentioned people 1 O presente trabalho foi realizado com o apoio do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico – CNPq Brasil and the biggest Factor of Proximity. It was also identified that the majority of the participants considers the coaches and their colleagues of the project very close to itself. The qualitative data had shown many other contributions of the sport, like the acceptance of their bodies, the increase of self-esteem, self-confidence, motivation and the social abilities, attributed a social function, the occupation of the idle time, the change of the life habits and the establishment of goals for their lives. Moreover the data had confirmed that the project fortified the social and affective support net of the teenagers, besides the promotion of many other aspects considered essential for the resilience promotion. Key-words: Resilience, sportive practice, social and affective support net LA PRACTICA DEPORTIVA COMO UNA ACTIVIDAD POTENCIALMENTE PROMOTORA DE RESILIENCIA

To assess the value of oral effervescent powder (EP) for evaluation of esophageal distension, and for detection and staging of esophageal cancer with contrast-enhanced CT.84 patients without esophageal pathology and 52 patients with histological confirmed diagnosis of esophageal cancer were included in this prospective IRB-approved study. Half of the patients in both groups received EP prior to CT. Esophageal distension was assessed by planimetry of the inner (IA) and outer area (OA). Two blinded readers evaluated the datasets separately with regard to diagnosis of esophageal cancer (yes/no) and staging (T0-T4), if applicable. Distension results were compared (t-Test). In patients with cancer sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV were calculated. CT staging results were compared to histopathology (Cohen-k).IA and IA/OA were significantly larger after EP as compared to the group without EP (p0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV for cancer detection cancer were as follows: 78%/78%, 98%/98%, 95%/95%, 87%/87% with EP; 60%/68%, 98%/98%, 94%/94%, 80%/83% without EP. Staging with EP was good (k=0.84/0.67) and moderate without EP (k=0.58/0.59).Administration of EP prior to CT results in good distension of the esophagus, and improves detection and staging of esophageal cancer, as compared to control studies without EP.

We present a novel phase-based method for propagating modifications of one video frame to an entire sequence. Instead of computing accurate pixel correspondences between frames, e.g. extracting sparse features or optical flow, we use the assumption that small motion can be represented as the phase shift of individual pixels. In order to successfully apply this idea to transferring image edits, we propose a correction algorithm, which adapts the phase shift as well as the amplitude of the modified images. As our algorithm avoids expensive global optimization and all computational steps are performed per-pixel, it allows for a simple and efficient implementation. We evaluate the flexibility of the approach by applying it to various types of image modifications, ranging from compositing and colorization to image filters.

Die Stadt Cottbus hat sich der Herausforderung gestellt, dem seit knapp 50 Jahren stillgelegten Dieselkraftwerk (DKW) eine neue Nutzung zu geben. Werner Issel, einer der bekanntesten Architekten im Kraftwerksbau, fertigte 1926 den Gebaudeentwurf. 1928 wurde im DKW mit der Stromerzeugung begonnen, diese aber bereits 30 Jahre spater beendet. Zeitgleich stellte man das DKW unter Denkmalschutz. Anfang 2008 wird in diesem Gebaude das Kunstmuseum der Brandenburgischen Kulturstiftung seine Besucher empfangen. Die an diesem Umbauprojekt beteiligten Planungs- und Prufingenieure zeigen aus dem vielschichtigen Anforderungskomplex interessante Details zum Brand- und Warmeschutz. Dabei galt es, sowohl die denkmalrechtlichen Anspruche als auch die nutzungstechnischen Erfordernisse eines offentlichen Gebaudes entsprechend zu wurdigen. Refurbishment of the historical Diesel Power Plant Cottbus – a challenge for engineers. The City of Cottbus took on the challenge to refurbish the former Diesel Power Plant (DKW) 50 years after closing down for re-utilization as museum. The building assembly was designed in 1926 by Werner Issel, one of the best-known architects of industrial buildings. Two years later the power generation started, and was stopped after only 30 years of operation. At that time the DKW was declared a historical monument. In 2008 the museum of modern art of the Brandenburgische Kulturstiftung will welcome visitors in the rooms of the former DKW. In this paper architects and engineers involved in the reconstruction process show some interesting aspects of fire protection and heat insulation requirements performed under preservation conditions, and at the same time fulfilling the requirements of the museum as public building.

Evaluation and analysis of the integrative course "Radiological Anatomy" established since 2007 at the Medical School Hannover (MHH) in comparison with conventional education.Anatomy and radiology are usually taught separately with a considerable time lag. Interdisciplinary teaching of these associated subjects seems logical for several reasons. Therefore, the integrative course "Radiological Anatomy" was established in the second year of medical education, combining these two closely related subjects. This interdisciplinary course was retrospectively evaluated by consideration of a student questionnaire and staff observations. The advantages and disadvantages of integrative teaching in medical education are discussed.The course ratings were excellent (median 1; mean 1.3 on a scale of 1 to 6). This is significantly (p0.001) better than the average of all evaluated courses in the respective term (grade 2.8). The course improved the anatomical comprehension (90 %) and the students stated that the topics were relevant for their future medical education (90 %). Furthermore, interest in the subject's anatomy and radiology increased during the course (88 %). According to the students' suggestions the course was enhanced by a visitation in the Department of Radiology and the additional topic central nervous system.Integrative teaching of anatomy and radiology was well received by the students. Both, anatomical and radiological comprehension and the motivation to learn were improved. However, it should be considered, that the amount of work and time required by the teaching staff is considerably increased compared to traditional teaching.

A sociedade brasileira vislumbra, na atualidade, o desafio de organizar e realizar megaeventos esportivos de grande impacto social. Nesse contexto, a atividade esportiva pode ser considerada uma ferramenta eficaz de intervenção psicossocial, especialmente com crianças e jovens. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar situações e vivências de atletas de alto rendimento relacionadas ao aprendizado decorrente da inserção nesse contexto e aos valores ali preconizados. Foram realizadas entrevistas por meio do método de história de vida com quatro atletas de duas equipes de atletismo do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram categorizados e o conteúdo foi analisado qualitativamente. Os resultados apontaram para diversas contribuições decorrentes da inserção no contexto esportivo, algumas atreladas às transformações externas, como a melhora da condição estética, financeira ou de inclusão social, e outras relacionadas aos aspectos internos e subjetivos, como o reforço e o desenvolvimento de valores de cooperação, amizade, solidariedade e a capacidade de compartilhar e de superar adversidades (resiliência). Conclui-se que a atividade esportiva, quando bem conduzida (por profissionais bem capacitados), pode beneficiar tanto o desenvolvimento global do praticante, quanto os demais ambientes nos quais ele está inserido, como a família e o grupo de iguais, ampliando as contribuições para a sociedade de modo geral. Brazilian society is currently facing the challenge of organizing and conducting massive sports events of large social impact. Within this context, the sport activity can be regarded as an efficient tool of psychosocial intervention, especially with children and youngsters. The present study aimed at the investigation of situations and experiences of high-performance athletes associated to the learning process that accompanied their insertion in this context and the values espoused therein. Interviews were carried out based on the life history method with four athletes belonging to two athletics teams from the State of São Paulo. Data were categorized, and the contents were analyzed qualitatively. The results pointed to various contributions of the insertion of these people into the sports context, some of them linked to external changes, such as the improvement of their aesthetic, financial or social inclusion status, and others related to internal or subjective aspects, such as the reinforcement and development of values of cooperation, friendship, solidarity, and the capacity to share and overcome adversities (resilience). The study concludes that sports activities, if well conducted (by well-prepared professionals), can both improve the practitioner's global development, and benefit the other environments in which he or she is inserted, such as family and peer group, thereby extending the contributions to the whole of society.

Historicamente o corpo da mulher sempre foi controlado e educado para ser mãe, esposa e dona de casa. Características construídas socialmente e encaradas como biológicas ditaram a submissão da mulher e solidificaram preconceitos e estereótipos. Esses estereótipos também estão presentes nas práticas esportivas e de atividades físicas. Validado pelo discurso médico, a atividade física regular se transformou em um dos principais fatores de obtenção de saúde e qualidade de vida, e incentivada pela publicidade e pela indústria da beleza, em fator indispensável para se obter saúde, beleza e juventude. O culto ao corpo normatiza os padrões corporais das mulheres e os molda a partir daquilo que a sociedade valida como adequado ao corpo feminino. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa se propõe a pensar as possíveis relações entre as escolhas por atividades e a história corporal de três mulheres entre 45 e 55 anos, sendo uma freqüentadora de uma grande rede de academias, uma que faz exercícios com acompanhamento de um personal trainer, e uma freqüentadora de uma academia exclusiva para o público feminino. O objetivo é investigar como as relações sociais de gênero desenvolvidas ao longo da vida dessas mulheres podem influenciar suas práticas e suas escolhas em atividades físicas e corporais. Considerando a natureza qualitativa da pesquisa, o método empregado foi a coleta de história de vida apresentado por Poirier et.all. (1999). A fundamentação teórica baseou-se nas análises em relação ao corpo, especiamente o corpo da mulher, aos movimentos feministas e à categoria de gênero. Estas temáticas foram relacionadas priorizando a compreensão de como foram se construindo e reconstruindo ao longo da história. Perante à análise das entrevistas é possível afirmar, e, em um dos casos, inferir, que essas mulheres possuem um discurso sobre saúde e qualidade de vida que mascara objetivos relacionados à estética. Percebe-se que a história de vida de cada um delas foi fundamental para fazerem hoje as escolhas em diferentes maneiras de se exercitar Historically, the womans body has always been controlled and educated to be a mother, wife and housewife. Socially-built characteristics seen as biological have dictated womens submission and solidified prejudices and stereotypes. These stereotypes are also present in sports and physical activities. Validated by medical discourse, regular physical activity has become a major factor for pursuit health and quality of life, and encouraged by advertising and \"beauty industry\" in an indispensable factor to achieve health, beauty and youth. The body worship regulates womens body standards and shapes them from what society validates as adequate to the female body. Therefore, this study proposes to consider the possible relations between activities choices and body history of three women between 45 and 55 years of age, one of them being a frequenter at a large chain of gym, another who exercises with the help of a personal trainer, and the third who trains at a gym exclusive to the female public. The goal is to investigate how social gender relations developed during their lifes might influence their practices and choices in physical activity and body. Considering the qualitative nature of this research, the method used was the compilation of life history told by Poirier et al. (1999). The theoretic fundamentation was based in analises related to the body, specially the womans body, to feminist movements and to the gender category. Such theme were related by priorizing the understanding of how they built and rebuit themselves throughout history. As for the interview analysis it is possible to say, and, in one of the cases, infer, that these women have a speech about health and quality of life which hides objectives related to aesthetics. It can be noticed that the life history of each of them was fundamental for them to choose their current different execise methods