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By and large, educators are honest and ethical. Yet, copyright violations such as those described in the following scenarios are all too common in many, if not most, schools: Teacher Gray shows Disney's The Little Mermaid to reward her students for scoring exceptionally well on a recent test. Teacher Black adds images taken from various Internet sites to a multimedia presentation he uses to complement his lecture on Egypt. The district purchases a single-use license for Photoshop, but Technology Coordinator Green installs it. Teacher Scarlet downloads songs from a file swapping service to listen to while working on her lesson plans. Media Specialist White transfers an educational film to videotape because the district has decided it will no longer support its 16mm projectors. Teacher Brown copies short stories and essays from a variety of magazines, textbooks, and Web sites to create an anthology for his AP English class.

Because so much information exists only in video format--from documentaries to instructional videos to entertainment films that create a significant amount of the popular culture--libraries have increased their collections of these materials. Nevertheless, no library could possibly afford to collect every item its patrons might one day request. When the patron request cannot be filled locally, the home library turns to its colleagues via interlibrary loan (ILL). Specific exemptions within the copyright act permit libraries to provide information critical to individual patrons. However, despite the prospect that a world of audiovisual information is available at the other end of an ILL request form, offering a library's video for circulation beyond the school (or even in the school) can result in legal action brought by the video copyright owners. Though the concept of copyright was established in the United States through the Constitution, the goal of public access to published materials has been seriously threatened by a growing number of publishers who refuse to allow public access to their published works. As a result, the general public underwrites profit for these publishers, and valuable information that would be available through public channels such as libraries is shut off out of fear of litigation.

Throughout the preceding 3 decades (Arredondo-Dowd & Gonsalves, 1980; Pedersen, 1987; Sue, 1977; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992; Sue & Sue, 1977), a strong call has emerged within the counseling profession advancing the proposition that it is imperative to prepare mental health professionals who are multiculturally competent. Arguments to support this movement address the utilitarian goals of good counseling as well as humanitarian and ethical concerns (Pedersen, 1991). The preponderance of counseling and psychology clinical practitioners in the United States are members of the majority racial/ethnic cultural group, commonly identified as European American (Pedersen, 1997). Therefore, it is important to determine the preparedness of European Americans to deliver culturally competent counseling services in a pluralistic society. One factor that may influence multicultural counseling competency is the racial identity development status of the practitioner. Racial identity has been theorized to significantly affect cross-racial counseling relationships (Helms, 1984, 1995). The purpose of this study is to document the relationship between White racial identity development and self-reported multicultural competencies of practicing counselors and psychologists.

Problems involved in distance learning where teachers utilizing public chat sites and interactive software crosses the Internet students online are examined. The provisions of the TEACH Act that became law in 2002 and provides guidelines on the use of copyright-protected material are discussed.

The Golden Rule which combines the two bodies of ethics namely Codes of Ethics (Gerhardt 1990) and Association for Educational Communications and Technology code (AECT) plays an important rule in analyzing the two codes of ethics that affect school librarianship, which is aimed to keep the patrons safe and secure. Some of the ways in which library media specialist can advance the cause of ethics in their profession are discussed.

Describes Internet Relay Chats (IRCs), electronic conversations over the Internet that allow multiple users to write messages, and their applications to educational settings such as teacher collaboration and conversations between classes. Explains hardware and software requirements, IRC organization into nets and channels, and benefits and disadvantages. (LRW)

Copyright compliance can be divided into two phases: things and people. Suggestions are provided for managing things (print, video, audio, computer software, hardware, local area network resources, and Internet) and people (students, teachers, and staff). Responsibilities of the copyright manager are briefly noted. (AEF)

At the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) conference in Reno, Linworth Publishing and Thomson/Gale announced the winners of the third annual TEAMS awards. TEAMS stands for TEachers And Media Specialists influencing student achievement. The award recognizes the critical collaboration between teachers and media specialists in promoting learning and increasing student achievement. Winners at the elementary, middle, and high school levels displayed an amazing range of creative projects. Entries were judged on: (1) Demonstrated collaboration between teachers and media specialists during the 2006-2007 school year; (2) Effective techniques that positively impacted student learning and achievement; (3) Support from school leadership; and (4) Ability for others to replicate the best practice. Each award consisted of $2500 cash, a one-year subscription to Library Media Connection, a Linworth Educator's Professional Bookshelf, and Thomson Gale products valued at $500. This article describes projects at the winning schools: (1) Big Shanty Elementary School, Kennesaw, GA; (2) Dover Air Base Middle School, Dover, DE; and (3) Booker T. Washington Senior High School, Miami, FL.

Basement uplifts in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of north-central Argentina expose sedimentary rocks that originated on the Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian margin of Gondwana for over 1000 km along strike. A series of transects through unmetamorphosed sections of the Vendian-aged Puncoviscana Formation and metasedimentary equivalent rocks from deeper structural levels demonstrates that an early stage compaction cleavage has been folded into chevron structures, with a concomitant axial planar tectonic cleavage, prior to erosion and deposition of the overlying Middle to Late Cambrian Meson Group. Changes in structural style are shown to be gradational; all mesoscopic ductile fold structures in the region can be explained with one major deformation episode. Late-stage Andean brittle folds and thrusts are more noticeable in the northern sections, but do not significantly alter the overall structural style or geometry of the basement rocks. A static metamorphic overprint in the Ordovician with associated granitic intrusions only affects fabrics and mesoscale structures adjacent to plutons. Published age constraints indicate an overlap between the timing of sedimentary deposition and that of structural and metamorphic events at depth. We develop a tectonic model for the Pampean orogeny that involves the buttressing of off-scraped sedimentary rocks above a subducting slab beneath the Gondwana margin. The collision of outboard terranes did not occur in this area until at least the mid-Ordovician Famatinian orogeny. Keywords: Pampean orogeny, Andean orogeny, chevron folds, turbidites, Gondwana margin.

Describes the basic elements of the federal copyright law, four tests for fair use of copyrighted materials for educational purposes, the application of fair use to various media, and the development of a copyright management policy. (PKP)

This study documents the relationship between White racial identity development and multicultural counseling competency (MCC) as reported by mental health practitioners. Initial results were generally consistent with J. E. Helms's (1990) construction of White racial identity attitude development theory. More sophisticated statuses of White racial identity development generally correlated with higher levels of perceived MCC. Overall, there was a significant difference in MCC reported between men and women. Among counselors, conflicting relationships were observed between some racial identity statuses and multicultural competencies (skills, relationship)., Throughout the preceding 3 decades (Arredondo-Dowd & Gonsalves, 1980; Pedersen, 1987; Sue, 1977; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992; Sue & Sue, 1977), a strong call has emerged within the counseling [...]

[1] Metamorphic and ductile deformation fabrics within the Sierra de San Luis, central Argentina, provide evidence for the Early to Middle Paleozoic development of the paleo-Pacific margin of Gondwana. Presumed Vendian-aged metasedimentary rocks within both the Sierra de San Luis and the Sierras de Cordoba preserve early pressure solution cleavage development. Cambrian peak metamorphism in the Sierras de Cordoba and Ordovician peak metamorphism in the Sierra de San Luis indicate that juxtaposition of these two terranes did not occur prior to the Late Ordovician. Peak metamorphism and regional folding of the Sierra de San Luis metasedimentary rocks is equated with early stages of the development and shortening of the Famatinian magmatic are along the western margin of Gondwana. Extensive, NNE trending zones of upper greenschist- to amphibolite-facies ductile deformation within the Sierra de San Luis and along the western margin of the Sierra de Comechingones record the dextral oblique juxtaposition of the Sierra de San Luis terrane against the southwestern margin of the Sierras de Cordoba, coincident with, or closely followed by, the suture of the exotic Precordillera terrane to the western margin of Gondwana by the Early Devonian. Middle to Late Devonian restricted, lower greenschist-grade reactivation of ductile faults may record the accretion of the Chilenia terrane, the final stage of Paleozoic convergent tectonism along this segment of western Gondwana. INDEX TERMS: 8010 Structural Geology: Fractures and faults; 8030 Structural Geology: Microstructures; 8005 Structural Geology: Folds and folding; 8102 Tectonophysics: Continental contractional orogenic belts; 8157 Tectonophysics: Plate motions--past (3040); KEYWORDS: Sierras Pampeanas, Gondwana, Laurentia, mylonite, Precordillera, shear zone. Citation: Whitmeyer, S. J., and C. Simpson (2004), Regional deformation of the Sierra de San Luis, Argentina: Implications for the Paleozoic development of western Gondwana.

Building or rebuilding a library media center to accommodate new technologies and teaching methods requires careful planning. New national standards for library media programs are useful starting points. Space should be allotted for a circulation area, online catalog/electronic reference area, librarian's office, workroom/storeroom, and class activity area. (MLH)

Discusses the processes involved in migrating a library's automation system. Highlights include getting information from vendor demonstrations, setting up an evaluation database to analyze RFPs (requests for proposals), making a spreadsheet that compares costs of packages, making recommendations once the data are analyzed, and implementation decisions to make. (AEF)

Describes the features, equipment and operations of digital cameras and compares three different digital cameras for use in education. Price, technology requirements, features, transfer software, and accessories for the Kodak DC25, Olympus D-200L and Casio QV-100 are presented in a comparison table. (AEF)

THE DAWN OF THE ELECTRONIC AGE has occasioned the call for the demise of the school librarian. 'Why have school librarians,' the skeptics call, 'when everything will be available online?' [...]

Research developments during 1996 in earthquake seismology, tectonics and structural geology, volcanology, sequence stratigraphy, and studies on core and mantle to elucidate the inner structure of earth are reported. The studies on the slow earthquakes which are considered to precede bigger earthquakes are detailed. The discovery of the post-collisional extension collapse of the Taiwan mountain is also discussed. The studies indicate differential rotation rates between the inner core and the mantle.