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The combination of oxfendazole and oxyclozanide is used to provide activity against fluke and gastrointestinal nematodes. This study aimed to determine both the pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole (7.5 mg/kg) and oxyclozanide (15 mg/kg) tablet formulation administered orally to sheep and whether there is a pharmacokinetic interaction between these two drugs. The study was conducted in a three-period, crossover pharmacokinetic design and on six healthy Awassi sheep 1-3 years of age. The plasma concentrations of oxfendazole and its metabolites (fenbendazole and fenbendazole sulphone) and oxyclozanide were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector. Compounds recovered in plasma when oxfendazole was administered alone or combined with oxyclozanide were oxfendazole, fenbendazole sulphone, and fenbendazole, respectively. When oxfendazole was administered alone and co-administered with oxyclozanide, the AUC more...

In the Bulgarian aquaculture sector, focusing research efforts on the technical specifications of the cultivation of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is important due to the need for more information. We aimed to assess the impact of light intensities on prolactin and cortisol levels as stress markers in African catfish. Fish were acclimated over an appropriate period to the short photoperiod (16D and 8L) and then distributed randomly to three groups, each separated by sex. Fish exposed to different light intensities (63, 51, and 40 lux, respectively) were followed for 45 days by lux meter. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein using a 2 ml K2EDTA-coated syringe. A laser fluorescence reader assayed plasma prolactin and cortisol. The pituitary was removed from anesthetized fish and fixed for histological examinations. The results of our study suggest that increasing light intensity increases prolactin and cortisol levels in African catfish. more...

The present study’s objective is to clarify the molecular mechanisms of tannic acid effects on the viability of human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Tannic acid is stable for up to 48 h and is localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. It dose-dependently inhibited the viability of CRC cell lines; SW-620 and HT-29 with IC 50 values of 7.2 ± 0.8 and 37.6 ± 1.4 µmol L–1. Besides, metastatic, invasive, and colony formation properties of CRC cells were significantly inhibited following the tannic acid treatment (p < 0.001). Tannic acid has been found to modulate enzyme, protein, and gene expressions of NQO1 in different levels and the upregulation of protein/gene expressions of p53 (p < 0.001), which leads the cells to trigger apoptosis. In conclusion, the present in vitro study may supply a significant background for in vivo studies in which the molecular mechanisms of antioxidant and chemopreventive activities of tannic acid will completely clarify. more...

A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteinase family play an important role in many physiological and physiopathological processes such as the maintenance of locomotor system health in sport horses. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 levels in concour horses before and after exercise. The Oldenburg and Selle Français horse-breed types which are healthy, 6-15 years old, around 650-750 kg, and distinct genders were used (n=10). Following the physical examinations, the horses were subjected to 50 minutes of regular exercise program. Blood samples were collected into anticoagulant-free tubes in order to determine ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 mRNA expression and ELISA levels before and after exercise. There were no differences were observed statistically on ADAMTS-4, neither mRNA expression in spite of 25% downregulated, nor at the ELISA levels. On the other hand, ADAMTS-5 mRNA expression was upregulated 3.88 fold (p more...

WOS: 000383889800007, In this study, it was aimed to interpret the effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on hematological parameters in rats. A total of 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 equally groups as euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were induced by 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU; 0,05%, w/v) and L-thyroxine (L-T4; 0,0012%, w/v) received in drinking water, respectively. Blood samples were withdrawn from 7 rats of each group at the end of 3rd and 6th weeks for determination of the hematological parameters and serum hormone profiles. Among the 3rd week groups only percentage of monocyte was increased (p, Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitSelcuk University [SUBAP-12102019], This study was partially supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No: SUBAP-12102019). more...