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Malignant nodular hidradenoma (MNH) also known as hidradenocarcinoma is very rare adnexal tumor with exceedingly low incidence of 0.001%. The recognition is very important because eccrine carcinomas have potential of local destruction and distant metastasis. Given the relative paucity of published data with only just over 50 case reports and small case series, there is little information available on the natural history and appropriate management for this disease. It has been reported most frequently in the head and neck and rarely on the extremities. There is no consensus treatment for metastatic hidradenocarcinoma since it is a rare and aggressive tumor. We report a rare case of MNH in a 70-year-old female presented with inguinal lymphadenopathy and discuss cytological findings and histopathological features with review of literature. Adnexal tumors need thorough histopathological analysis to conclude their biological behavior. This study will highlight the importance of appropriate wide excision of primary adnexal tumors and thereby preventing metastatic presentations in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pilomatrixoma (PMX) is a skin appendage tumor of hair matrix origin, which usually occurs on the face or upper extremities. Although the lesion can appear at any age, it is commonly seen in children and is more common in females. Despite being better defined, pilomatricomas continue to be frequently misdiagnosed and are not usually considered in differential diagnoses, either in clinical set‑upor during cytological reporting. They typically present as a superficial, firm, solitary, slow‑growing, painless mass in the dermis. The overlying skin may be normal or exhibit a bluish‑red discoloration or ulceration. We report an 18‑year‑old girl presented with tender, subcutaneous nodule with overlying skin showing atrophy and hypopigmentation. Clinically, it was diagnosed as neurofibroma and sent for FNAC. We offered precise diagnosis of pilomatrixoma on cytological examination, (where chances of wrong diagnosis are very high) and it was subsequently confirmed by histopathology. We discuss the varied clinical presentations, diagnostic difficulties, and differential diagnoses of PMX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim: Intestinal tuberculosis needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis when patients with intestinal pathology are encountered. Tuberculosis can mimic other disease entities like, ischemic enteritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, malignancies, intussusception etc., clinically as well as morphologically in resected intestinal specimens. We aimed to study the various clinical presentations leading to intestinal resection, with identification of different etiological factors by histopathological examination; and to illustrate, discuss and describe the various histopathological features of the lesions in these resected intestinal specimens with clinicopathological correlation. Materials and Methods: We studied 100 cases of resected intestinal specimens received during September 2002 to December 2003. We totally encountered 22 request forms with clinical suspicion of ileoceocal tuberculosis. Results: Abdominal tenderness and mass in ileoceocal region were noted in all cases. In many instances, the cases were operated for acute/subacute intestinal obstruction. Clinical and intra-operative diagnoses of tubercular enteritis, in many instances, were finally diagnosed histopathologically as ischemic enteritis (nine cases), chronic nonspecific enteritis (four cases), adenocarcinoma of the caecum, Crohn's disease, intussusception (each one case), and correctly as intestinal tuberculosis in only six cases. Conclusion: Tuberculosis can mimic various disease entities, clinically and sometimes morphologically. Vice versa is also true. An increased awareness of intestinal tuberculosis coupled with varied clinical presentations, nonspecific signs and symptoms, difficulties in diagnostic methods and need of early and specific treatment should improve the outcome for patients with this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Massons tumor is a benign reactive intravascular endothelial proliferation. It is an unusual pattern of organization of a thrombus. We report a case of a 15-year-old boy with a small tumor nodule in the left temporal region of the face. Cytology was reported as fibrohistiocytic tumor. Histopathology showed the classic features of Massons tumor. In addition, there were onion whorl like areas and myxoid change. We have also highlighted the cytological features on a retrospective review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ganglion cysts are tumor-like lesions in the soft tissues, generated by mucoid degeneration of the joint capsule, tendon or tendon sheaths on the dorsum of hand, wrist and foot. However, an intratendinous origin for a ganglion cyst is extremely rare. During dissection of the popliteal fossa, a cyst of 2.5 cm×2 cm×0.5 cm was observed in the tendon of right semimembranosus, 3.5 cm above the insertion of the muscle. Contrast X-ray revealed the cyst as not communicating with the knee joint or any adjacent bursae. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ganglion cyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A median raphe cyst is an uncommon entity. An extensive literature search has revealed only less than 200 reported cases. Among these, only less than 10 have been reported from the Indian subcontinent. Usually, it is located in the midline, anywhere between the urethral meatus and the anus. We are presenting a case of a prepucial median raphe cyst, which occurred at a very uncommon location, which presented with symptoms, which is also a rare scenario. This case has been presented for its rare location, uncommon clinical presentation and an interesting triple lining presentation in histology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented which discusses the medical case of intra-abdominal cystic lymphangioma in a 28-year-old woman with complaints of progressive distension of abdomen and chronic pelvic discomfort.

Cervical tuberculosis is a rare form of genital tuberculosis. The manifestations of genitourinary tuberculosis are protean in nature. A high index of suspicion is required for making prompt diagnosis. The definitive diagnosis is based on the demonstration of the characteristic lesion on histopathology or on bacterial isolation. We are reporting a rare case of isolated cervical tuberculosis which mimicked carcinoma of the cervix. A 24 years old para 1, live 1, woman presented with secondary amenorrhoea and post coital bleeding which were there for one year. The speculum examination revealed a friable cervix which bled on touch. Though the clinical history and the examination findings were suggestive of a cervical malignancy, the histopathological examination revealed a granulomatous inflammation which was suggestive of tuberculosis. The patient responded well to the antituberculous therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]