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This study delved into socio-psychological determinants driving residential water curtailment actions, an area relatively overlooked in the existing literature. The theory of planned behavior was innovatively expanded with moral norms, perceived expectations, self-identity, and risk-related components. The proposed framework was empirically examined by conducting an online self-administered survey of 343 citizens residing in Isfahan, Iran. What sets this research apart is introducing a new multi-analytical hybrid approach integrating linear and non-linear techniques to leverage their respective strengths. Artificial neural network (ANN), coupled with Sobol sensitivity analysis, was employed to robustly validate structural equation modeling (SEM) results regarding the framework's explanatory power and predictors' ranking. Through providing reliable performance, the ANN analysis confirmed SEM findings, revealing that the significant influences of moral norms and self-identity on intention are mediated by attitude and perceived behavioral control. Moreover, self-identity and attitude were the strongest direct predictors of behavior and intention. Several policy recommendations were proposed, with the following highlighted as crucial: (1) fostering favorable water conservation attitudes, which entails targeting individuals' moral considerations and inducing self-reward feelings within the community; (2) cultivating a sense of water conservation identity among citizens; and (3) boosting individuals’ self-confidence and facilitating their engagement in water conservation behaviors.

In this paper, we investigate the historical development of complex network topologies in urban water distribution networks (WDNs) and urban drainage networks (UDNs). The analyses were performed on time-stamped network data of an Alpine case study, which represent the evolution of the town and its infrastructure over the past 106 years. We use the dual representation of the network, where pipes are considered as nodes and intersections as edges, respectively. The functional topologies of the networks are analyzed based on the dual graph, providing insights beyond a conventional graph (primal mapping) analysis. We observe that the WDNs and UDNs show scale-free network characteristics and evolve with consistent patterns over time. However, structural differences between both network types are found in the node degree distributions and the characteristic path lengths, resulting from different functionalities of the systems. Finally, we show the remapping of the dual network characteristics to the spatial map and discuss possibilities for further applications.

The city of Kiruna in Northern Sweden has become known for the need to relocate major parts of the city. Current and future mining activities in the world’s largest underground iron ore mine are the cause of land subsidence that requires relocation of substantial parts of the town including its water infrastructure. Figure 1 shows the area currently affected and projections thereof for the future. The process of relocating the city has started already and will continue for a few decades. It implies the construction of new urban areas and at the same time demolition in abandoned areas. With regard to the life span of water infrastructure, all actions taken now and in the near future will have an impact over five to ten decades. These circumstances place special demands on processes and technical solutions with regard to robustness, flexibility and mobility and require dealing with changes that cannot yet be foreseen., Urbanism, Architecture and The Built Environment