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Time-dependent equation-of-motion coupled cluster (TD-EOM-CC) is used to simulate impulsive stimulated x-ray Raman scattering (ISXRS) of ultrashort laser pulses by neon, carbon monoxide, pyrrole, and p-aminophenol. The TD-EOM-CC equations are expressed in the basis of field-free EOM-CC states, where the calculation of the core-excited states is simplified through the use of the core-valence separation (CVS) approximation. The transfer of electronic population from the ground state to the core- and valence-excited states is calculated for different numbers of included core- and valence-excited states, as well as for electric field pulses with different polarizations and carrier frequencies. The results indicate that Gaussian pulses can transfer significant electronic populations to the valence states through the Raman process. The sensitivity of this population transfer to the model parameters is analyzed. The time-dependent electronic density for p-aminophenol is also showcased, supporting the interpretation that ISXRS involves localized core excitations and can be used to rapidly generate valence wavepackets., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures

The time-dependent equation-of-motion coupled cluster (TD-EOM-CC) and time-dependent coupled cluster (TDCC) methods are compared by simulating Rabi oscillations for different numbers of non-interacting atoms in a classical electromagnetic field. While the TD-EOM-CC simulations are numerically stable, the oscillating time-dependent energy scales unreasonably with the number of subsystems resonant with the field. The TDCC simulations give the correct scaling of the time-dependent energy in the initial stages of the Rabi cycle, but the numerical solution breaks down when the multi-atom system approaches complete population inversion. We present a general theoretical framework in which the two methods can be described, where the cluster amplitude time derivatives are taken as auxiliary conditions, leading to a shifted time-dependent Hamiltonian matrix. In this framework, TDCC has a shifted Hamiltonian with a block upper triangular structure, explaining the correct scaling properties of the method., Comment: 9 pages and 4 figures

A time-dependent equation of motion coupled cluster singles and doubles (TD-EOM-CCSD) method is implemented, which uses a reduced basis calculated with the asymmetric band Lanczos algorithm. The approach is used to study weak-field processes in small molecules induced by ultrashort valence pump and core probe pulses. We assess the reliability of the procedure by comparing TD-EOM-CCSD absorption spectra to spectra obtained from the time-dependent coupled-cluster singles and doubles (TDCCSD) method and observe that spectral features can be reproduced for several molecules, at much lower computational times. We discuss how multiphoton absorption and symmetry can be handled in the method and general features of the core-valence separation (CVS) projection technique. We also model the transient absorption of an attosecond X-ray probe pulse by the glycine molecule., Comment: 15 pages and 5 figures

We present a spin-adapted time-dependent coupled cluster singles and doubles model for the molecular response to a sequence of ultrashort laser pulses. The implementation is used to calculate the electronic response to a valence-exciting pump pulse, and a subsequent core-exciting probe pulse. We assess the accuracy of the integration procedures used in solving the dynamic coupled cluster equations, in order to find a compromise between computational cost and accuracy. The transient absorption spectrum of lithium fluoride is calculated for various delays of the probe pulse with respect to the pump pulse. We observe that the transient probe absorption oscillates with the pump-probe delay, an effect that is attributed to the interference of states in the pump-induced superposition., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures

The eT program is an open source electronic structure package with emphasis on coupled cluster and multilevel methods. It includes efficient spin adapted implementations of ground and excited singlet states, as well as equation of motion oscillator strengths, for CCS, CC2, CCSD, and CC3. Furthermore, eT provides unique capabilities such as multilevel Hartree-Fock and multilevel CC2, real-time propagation for CCS and CCSD, and efficient CC3 oscillator strengths. With a coupled cluster code based on an efficient Cholesky decomposition algorithm for the electronic repulsion integrals, eT has similar advantages as codes using density fitting, but with strict error control. Here we present the main features of the program and demonstrate its performance through example calculations. Because of its availability, performance, and unique capabilities, we expect eT to become a valuable resource to the electronic structure community., Comment: 31 pages and 10 figures - supplementary information included in the uploaded files