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PSTPIP1‐associated myeloid‐related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome is a rare autoinflammatory disorder often arising in pediatric patients. We present a case of an 18‐year‐old female with a past medical history of growth failure, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, and inflammatory arthritis who presented to a pediatric dermatology clinic with findings of acne, psoriasiform dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, whose clinical, genetic, and laboratory findings were most consistent with PAMI syndrome. We conducted a literature review to better characterize this rare condition in the context of dermatologic findings. Recognition of the distinctive skin findings seen in PAMI syndrome can help distinguish it from other inflammatory disorders, enabling expedited diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the clinical and histopathological features of skin manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in order to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis. Methods Clinical and pathological characteristics of 2 patients with IBD were retrospectively analyzed. Results One patient had Crohn's disease manifested by perianal erythema and ulcers, and histopathology showed non-caseous and non-infectious granuloma in the dermis. Treatment with Ustekinumab decreased the ulcerative area. In another case of ulcerative colitis with extraintestinal manifestations, erythemas and nodules were all over the body, and ulcers were on the lower legs and buttocks. Histopathology showed dermal neutrophil infiltration. The skin lesions partially subsided after the treatment with Infliximab. Conclusions IBD with cutaneous manifestations has different histopathological characteristics, and clinicians should make the diagnosis based on both clinical manifestations and histopathological features in order to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Copyright of Die Dermatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Skin manifestations are frequently found with IBD yet they are not completely comprehended regarding how common they are and whether they reflect the seriousness of disease. Objective was to determine the prevalence, type and treatment of skin recall manifestations among a cohort of patients with CD and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: A total of 250 IBD patients (140 CD and 110 UC) were enrolled in the study. Demographics of patients, disease duration, skin morphology were enrolled. We evaluated the frequency of skin manifestations, their association with disease activity, and course in response to therapy. Results: Skin manifestations appeared in 31.2% of patients, and were more prevalent in CD (35%) compared to UC (26%) (p=0.04). The most common skin manifestations were erythema nodosum (11.2%), pyoderma gangrenosum (5.6%), and perianal skin tags (8%). Active disease demonstrated a significant association with skin manifestations (45% active disease vs 18% remission, p<0.001). Patients receiving anti-TNF therapy had fewer new skin manifestations (20%) when compared to patients receiving conventional therapy (36%) (p=0.03), however 5% of patients receiving biologic therapy reported developing paradoxical skin reactions. Management of skin manifestations consisted mainly of systemic corticosteroids therapy, which was effective in 80% of cases, while 10% of patients with more severe perianal disease underwent surgical intervention to treat their skin manifestations. Conclusion: Skin manifestations appear to be common in patients with IBD, and a significant difference was observed between patients with CD and UC. The disease activity showed a strong association with the occurrence of skin manifestations. Anti-TNF therapy is likely to be associated with less frequent new skin manifestation, however it remains substantive that patients with biologic therapy can have paradoxical skin reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of different Skin Manifestations in people with type II Diabetes Mellitus who visit a tertiary care unit in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Liaquat College of Medical & Dentistry & Darul-Sehat Hospital Karachi from July to Nov 2023. A total of 200 patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, attending endocrine & dermatology OPD, were enrolled in this study by using consecutive, non-probability sampling techniques. Demographic parameters were noted. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. RESULTS: Two hundred type II Diabetes Mellitus patients (125 Females and 75 Males) were enrolled in the current study. The mean Age of the patients was 49.62± 10 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was between 6.74± 5.55 years. 115 out of 200 (57.5%) patients showed some skin manifestations. The skin manifestations observed were: Infections (bacterial/fungal) (17.38%), Ulcer & gangrene of foot (6.08%), Pruritis (13.33%), Diabetic dermopathy (10.42%), Foot swelling (7.81), Thick and scaly skin(8.68%), Pigmentation including shin spots (7.81%), Cellulitis (6.07%), Acanthosis nigricans (5.2%), Yellow nails (5.2%), Skin tags(3.46%), Psoriasis (3.46%). CONCLUSION: Participants having Diabetes Mellitus type II are found to have a high frequency of skin manifestations (57.5%). The ratio for females was higher than for males. The majority of participants had only one skin manifestation. A noteworthy association was found between higher HbA1c levels (8.1 to 14%) & the presence of cutaneous manifestations

Objective To report a case of nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis and review relevant literature, in order to improve understanding of the disease. Methods We analyzed the clinical and histopathological features of a patient with nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis. Results A 40 years old man presented with irregular erythema, with scales and partial atrophy on the cheeks, and multiple dense green bean-sized skin-colored nodules on his chest, back, abdomen, and proximal upper limbs. Antinuclear antibody was positive. Pathology of the early nodule showed dermal mucin deposition, and the pathology of later erythema was consistent with typical nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis, with follicular keratotic plugs, epidermal atrophy, focal liquefaction of basal cells, and perivascular and peri-appendage infiltration of lymphocytes, as well as mucin deposition in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence showed IgM and C3 positive at basement membrane. There was no renal nor hematologic involvement. The patient was diagnosed with nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis and responded well to the treatments with systemic glucocorticoid in combination with hydroxychloroquine. Conclusions Although nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis is a rare disease with unknown pathogenesis, dermatologists can still be able to make early diagnosis if they are familiar with its typical skin features and pathological changes. Dermatologists should strengthen their understanding of and be vigilance towards this disease.

Objective: Rare coexistence of disease or pathology Background: Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by dysregulated proliferation and maturation arrest of myeloid precursors, precipitating a spectrum of complications. Among these, leukemia cutis refers specifically to ectopic deposition and proliferation of malignant myeloid cells within the skin. This infiltration pathogenesis remains unclear. Although there are numerous reports of leukemia cutis in the setting of acute myeloid leukemia or primary acute myeloid leukemia, there are no specific reports of leukemia cutis in the setting of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Report: A 59-year-old woman, with a history of remission from poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia, previously treated with chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplant, presented with shortness of breath, lethargy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and subcutaneous nodules on lower extremities. Leukemia cutis was diagnosed, in the setting of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. After unsuccessful salvage chemotherapy and being deemed unsuitable for further treatment, she pursued palliative care and died a month later. Conclusions: Our case highlights a lack of reporting or making a distinction of those patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and leukemia cutis. Consequently, it can be deduced that patients who simultaneously have relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and leukemia cutis are expected to fare worse in terms of clinical outcomes than those with primary acute myeloid leukemia and leukemia cutis. Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patients with leukemia cutis should be classified as a distinct group, warranting further research into aggressive therapeutic targets and survival rates, while emphasizing the need for more vigilant follow-up and lower biopsy thresholds for cutaneous lesions in patients with treated hematologic malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease with complex etiology. LE may present as a systemic disorder affecting multiple organs or be limited solely to the skin. Cutaneous LE (CLE) manifests with a wide range of skin lesions divided into acute, subacute and chronic subtypes. Despite classic forms of CLE, such as malar rash or discoid LE, little-known variants may occur, for instance hypertrophic LE, chilblain LE and lupus panniculitis. There are also numerous non-specific manifestations including vascular abnormalities, alopecia, pigmentation and nail abnormalities or rheumatoid nodules. Particular cutaneous manifestations correlate with disease activity and thus have great diagnostic value. However, diversity of the clinical picture and resemblance to certain entities delay making an accurate diagnosis The aim of this review is to discuss the variety of cutaneous manifestations and indicate the clinical features of particular CLE types which facilitate differential diagnosis with other dermatoses. Although in diagnostically difficult cases histopathological examination plays a key role in the differential diagnosis of LE, quick and accurate diagnosis ensures adequate therapy implementation and high quality of life for patients. Cooperation between physicians of various specialties is therefore crucial in the management of patients with uncommon and photosensitive skin lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Knowledge: International Journal is the property of Institute for Knowledge Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reviews the dermatological manifestations that frequently arise in endocrine disorders, encompassing conditions such as diabetes mellitus, acromegaly, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothyroidism, Addison's disease, among others. It explores the interactions between the endocrine system and the skin, highlighting how hormonal imbalances can result in a variety of skin symptoms. With a comprehensive approach, it offers important clinical insights for dermatologists and endocrinologists, aiming at a better understanding and an accurate diagnosis of these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To report a case of nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis and review vant literature, in order to improve understanding of the disease・ Methods We analyzed the clinical and histopathological features of a patient with nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis・ Results A 40 years old man presented with irregular erythema, with scales and partial atrophy on the cheeks, and multiple dense green beasized skin-colored nodules on his chest, back, abdomen, and proximal upper limbs・ Antinuclear antibody was positive・ Pathology of the early nodule showed dermal mucin deposition, and the pathology of later erythema was consistent with typical nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis, with follicular keratotic plugs, epidermal atrophy, focal liquefaction of basal cells, and perivascular and peri-appendage infiltration o£ lymphocytes, as well as mucin deposition in the dermis・ Direct immunofluorescence showed IgM and C3 positive at basement membrane・ There was no renal nor hematologic involvement・ The patient was diagnosed with nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis and responded well to the treatments w让h systemic glucocorticoid in combination with hydroxychloroquine・ Conclusions Although nodular cutaneous lupus mucinosis is a rare disease with unknown pathogenesis, dermatologists can still be able to make early diagnosis if they are familiar with its typical skin features and pathological changes. Dermatologists should strengthen their understanding of and be vigilance towards this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of different Skin Manifestations in people with type II Diabetes Mellitus who visit a tertiary care unit in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Liaquat College of Medical & Dentistry & Darul-Sehat Hospital Karachi from July to Nov 2023. A total of 200 patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, attending endocrine & dermatology OPD, were enrolled in this study by using consecutive, non -probability sampling techniques. Demographic parameters were noted. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. RESULTS: Two hundred type II Diabetes Mellitus patients (125 Females and 75 Males) were enrolled in the current study. The mean Age of the patients was 49.62± 10 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was between 6.74± 5.55 years. 115 out of 200 (57.5%) patients showed some skin manifestations. The skin manifestations observed were: Infections (bacterial/fungal) (17.38%), Ulcer & gangrene of foot (6.08%), Pruritis (13.33%), Diabetic dermopathy (10.42%), Foot swelling (7.81), Thick and scaly skin (8.68%), Pigmentation including shin spots (7.81%), Cellulitis (6.07%), Acanthosis nigricans (5.2%), Yellow nails (5.2%), Skin tags(3.46%), Psoriasis (3.46%). CONCLUSION: Participants having Diabetes Mellitus type II are found to have a high frequency of skin manifestations (57.5%). The ratio for females was higher than for males. The majority of participants had only one skin manifestation. A noteworthy association was found between higher HbA1c levels (8.1 to 14%) & the presence of cutaneous manifestations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the neonatal period, a variety of cutaneous symptoms are frequent. To minimize unneeded therapy and to reduce parents' stress, it's important to distinguish between transient and pathological newborn dermatoses. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical pattern of cutaneous lesions in neonates. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive(IRC/1885/020) study , we enrolled 512 neonates born and admitted in maternal child health care ward and Post Natal ward of a tertiary health care cener irrespective of cutaneous manifestations. Convenience sampling technique was used. They were examined till their stay in hospital and followed up weekly via telephone for development of dermatological manifestations. Results: Out of 512 neonates examined, 415 (81.05%) of neonate had at least one cutaneous manifestation.393 (94.69%) had physiological skin lesions, 22 (5.31%) had pathological skin lesions. The most common physiological skin manifestations were sebaceous gland hyperplasia, mongolian spot, ETN, milia and epstein pearl. The pathological cutaneous manifestations though least common comprised of cradle cap, napkin dermatitis and bacterial infections. Most of the lesions were present within 24 hours of birth and many of them were physiological transient lesion. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study highlights the high prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in neonates, with the majority being physiological in nature. Medical personnel must be well versed in the skin changes of neonates which will further help prevent unnecessary treatment and identify life threatening situations that require additional attention.

Nearly 4 billion people live in a dengue risk area worldwide. The prevalence of dengue-related mucocutaneous manifestations and their association with severe dengue differ across studies. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of patients with dengue-related mucocutaneous manifestations and to investigate those were associated with severe dengue. A retrospective study was conducted in 2019 among patients with a positive RT-PCR for dengue at the University Hospital of Reunion, which has been experiencing a re-emergence of dengue since 2018. Of 847 patients with confirmed dengue, 283 (33.4%) developed mucocutaneous manifestations. Only manifestations of dehydration such as glossitis, dysgeusia, or conjunctivitis were associated with severe dengue, unlike pruritus and rash, in bivariate analysis but not in multivariate analysis. The rash and pruritus of dengue appear to be accompanied by a pronounced flu-like syndrome in younger people without comorbidity or severity, although careful examination of mucous membranes would better identify signs of dehydration and thus cases likely to worsen.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Clinicians must know cutaneous signs of cardiovascular disease, including petechiae, macules, purpura, lentigines, and rashes. Although cutaneous manifestations of diseases like infectious endocarditis and acute rheumatic fever are well established, there is an indispensable need to evaluate other important cardiovascular diseases accompanied by cutaneous signs. Moreover, discussing the latest management strategies in this regard is equally imperative. This review discusses distinctive skin findings that help narrow the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and recommendations on appropriate treatment.

Objective: Management of emergency care Background: Hypertrophic scars occur when there is an excessive wound-healing response in the skin. Fractional, or fractionated, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy uses narrow shafts of light to smooth the skin surface and stimulate dermal collagen, which tightens the skin. This case report describes a 57-year-old woman with a traumatic hypertrophic scar of the face treated with fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy. The purpose of this case report was to highlight the role of fractional CO2 laser therapy in treatment of a facial traumatic hypertrophic scar in a patient after a motor vehicle crash. Case Report: A 57-year-old female patient presented with a hypertrophic, rigid, post-traumatic scar on the left side of her face following a motor vehicle crash. For the hypertrophic scar removal, the patient underwent 1 treatment session with fractional CO2 laser using the µ-Scan DOT scanning system. After 1 laser treatment session, the photographic documentation, which permits monitoring the treatment's effectiveness in esthetic improvement, showed a significant improvement in scar texture and color. In addition, a significant reduction in scar height was observed following laser therapy. Fractional laser treatment with the device was very well tolerated by the patient, who reported no pain or discomfort, complications, or adverse effects either during treatment or in the follow-up period (3 months). Conclusions: This report demonstrates the cosmetic application of fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy in a case of hypertrophic scar with the use of an effective therapeutic protocol that did not require the use of suturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare hematological disorder, characterized by blood and tissue eosinophilia, causing tissue damage and dysfunction. The onset of the disease is generally asymptomatic, being discovered incidentally. The objective of this article is to illustrate the rare clinical presentation in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clinical case: A 69-year-old male patient, with a history of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, was admitted to the internal medicine service with wasting syndrome under study, multiple urticarial skin lesions and peripheral blood cytopenias. During the approach to him, eosinophilia of more than 5.0 × 109 / L was evidenced, a bone marrow aspirate was performed, which revealed eosinophilic infiltration with dysplasia, biopsy of dermal lesions with mixed cellular infiltrate with a predominance of eosinophils; With the above, the diagnosis of idiopathic HES is made, after the exclusion of other evident eosinophilia etiologies. Systemic steroid treatment was started. Conclusions: Eosinophilic disorders represent a heterogeneous group of rare conditions, with multiple clinical manifestations, predominantly dermatological. An important association with the development of chronic kidney disease is reported, so a comprehensive approach must be carried out, with the aim of achieving an etiological diagnosis that allows early treatment and improves survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare aggressive T-cell leukemia/lymphoma associated with human T lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. The patients might present with skin rash before, at, or after the diagnosis. The dermatopathologic finding might be diagnostically very challenging. Methods We retrospectively identified 110 patients with ATLL at a single institution in a 19-year period, with 19 patients having skin biopsies. Clinical, dermatopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings were studied. Results The cohort included 13 skin-first (5 acute, 5 lymphomatous, 2 chronic, 1 smoldering), 6 skin-second (4 acute, 1 lymphomatous, 1 smoldering), and 91 patients without skin biopsy. Some nonphotoprotected areas of body such as the forearm and lower lip were also seen. Skin manifestations included papular (5), erythroderma (1), nodulotumoral (3), plaques (1), patches (1), and a combination of skin rashes (2). Histopathologic findings included large pleomorphic cells, angiocentrism, epidermal infiltration with large Pautrier-like microabscesses, and folliculotropism. Fifteen (78.9%) cases showed CD4+/CD7–/CD25+. Next-generation sequencing study was conducted on 5 patients using either blood or bone marrow samples, revealing multiple genetic mutations across multiple signaling pathways. Conclusions Pleomorphic large, atypical cells with CD4+/CD25+/CD7– immunophenotype from a non–"bathing trunk" location, especially in a patient from endemic regions, raise suspicion for ATLL. T-cell receptor gene rearrangement is almost always positive, and the neoplasm usually demonstrates multiple mutations by next-generation sequencing study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic caused by SARS_COV2. The symptoms of covid-19 include: fever, dyspnea, fatigue, a recent loss of smell and taste, sore throat, cough, and cutaneous lesions. In addition, some skin manifestations were reported to be associated with COVID-19. Methods: The study design is a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and practice about skin manifestations of COVID-19 among doctors working at Khartoum dermatology and venereology teaching hospital. A self-administrated questionnaire was used for data collection after an informed consent was taken. Results: Among 140 doctors working in the dermatology and venereology teaching hospital, 75.7% of the doctors had knowledge that COVID-19 can present with skin manifestations. The study results showed that about half of the participants have poor knowledge about COVID-19 skin manifestations while 25% have no knowledge, and that 35 (25%) doctors have good knowledge. From a total of 140 doctors; 46.4% reported that when patients present with COVID-19 skin lesions, they will isolate them in separate rooms and call the epidemiology center, whereas, 61 doctors (43.6%) did not know if they have a protocol for COVID-19 suspected cases. This study reported a significant association between job category and level of knowledge toward COVID-19 skin manifestations measured by Chi-square test, the P-value was 0.003 (significant at 0.05), and the same significant association was found between the year of rotation and knowledge. Conclusion: Half of the doctors covered by this study had poor knowledge about COVID-19 skin manifestations, and therefore, educating doctors in dermatology hospitals about skin manifestations of COVID-19 is recommended, besides clear and precise guidelines and protocols for diagnosis and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in PCOS patients. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the dermatology department, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from 1st January 2021 to 30th June 2021. After obtaining ethical approval from the hospital's ethical and research committee, a total of 50 patients aged 15 to 45 years were included in the study fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Written informed consent was taken from each patient. All patients underwent general physical, systemic and dermatological examination. Venous blood sampling was done after overnight fasting for hormonal assays (TSH, LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone), glucose, and lipid levels. An ultrasound scan was done for the detection of ovarian cysts. Results: Mean age was 26.96 years ± 5.42 SD. The mean BMI was 26.04 Kg/m² ± 5.10 SD. Mean FSH and LH levels were 6.86 IU/L ± 5.41 SD and 12.11 IU/L ± 8.75 SD respectively. Among them, 88% were married, 36% had menstrual irregularities and 72% had infertility. Hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans, and androgenic alopecia were noted in 72%, 54%, 42%, and 20% of the patients respectively. Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestations can play an important role in the diagnosis of PCOS and also contribute an important portion of the symptoms experienced by patients suffering from PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in the first week of their lives. These infections often lead to many dermatological skin complications and create worrisome among parents. Hence, it is crucial to diagnose and manage such affected neonates at the earliest. This study aimed to highlight and estimate the occurrence of numerous dermatoses and assess various skin changes that occurred physiologically and pathologically in neonates. Methodology: In this cross-sectional observational study, 474 neonates were enrolled in the neonatal intensive care unit. The whole newborn skin surface, comprising the palms and soles, scalp, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was scrutinized under adequate light, and all changes that occurred over the skin were observed and recorded. The sample size estimation was undertaken from the references that have the least prevalent cutaneous dermatosis: hypertrichosis desquamation and napkin dermatosis. A statistical analysis like the Chi-square test was performed to associate the type of dermatosis with the parameters of age, gender, delivery type, and birth weight. Results: Of the total 474 cases, 90 (18.98%) had single dermatosis, while the remaining 384 (81.01%) had more than one form of dermatosis. Among the 384 cases, sebaceous gland hyperplasia (SGH) in 105 (22.15%), Epstein pearls in 50 (10.54%), erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) in 40 (8.43%), physiological desquamation in 25 (5.27%), lanugo hair in 20 (4.21%), miliaria in 22 (4.64%), salmon patch in 13 (2.74%), cradle cap/seborrheic dermatitis in 6 (1.26%), vernix caseosa in 12 (2.53%), transient neonatal pustular melanosis in 13 (2.74%), congenital melanocytic nevus in 20 (4.21%), hemangioma in 15 (3.16%), neonatal acne in 5 (1.05%), napkin dermatitis in 10 (2.10%), cutis marmorata in 6 (1.26%), milia in 2 (0.42%) intertrigo 3 (0.63%), collodion baby in 2 (0.42%), and neonatal occipital alopecia in 2 (0.42%) neonates each and others, respectively. Conclusion: The findings from the present study were representative of a specific racial/geographic distribution and will assist in adding or comparing the prevalence of neonatal dermatosis with other geographic regions as the array of dermatological characterizations in neonates varies as per time and place. This study aims to provide insight into the future implications in the neonatal dermatology domain and avoid further skin complications.

Objectives: Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors. Method: a cross-sectional analytical study with a convenience sample and prospective data collection, was conducted between November 2017 and August 2019. Overall, 341 preterm newborns who had been admitted to a University hospital – including those admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit – were evaluated. Results: 61 (17.9%) had less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA), with a mean GA and birth weight of 33.9 ± 2.8 weeks and 2107.8 ± 679.8g (465 to 4230g), respectively. The median age at the time of evaluation was 2.9 days (4 h to 27 days). The frequency of dermatological diagnoses was 100% and 98.5% of the sample had two or more, with an average of 4.67+1.53 dermatoses for each newborn. The 10 most frequent diagnoses were lanugo (85.9%), salmon patch (72.4%), sebaceous hyperplasia (68.6%), physiological desquamation (54.8%), dermal melanocytosis (38.7%), Epstein pearls (37.2%), milia (32.2%), traumatic skin lesions (24%), toxic erythema (16.7%), and contact dermatitis (5%). Those with GA< 28 weeks showed more traumatic injuries and abrasions, whereas those with ≥ 28 weeks had physiological changes more frequently, and those with GA between 34-366/7 weeks, had transient changes. Conclusion: Dermatological diagnoses were frequent in our sample and those with higher GA showed a higher frequency of physiological (lanugo and salmon patch) and transient changes (toxic erythema and miliaria). Traumatic lesions and contact dermatitis were among the 10 most frequent injuries, reinforcing the need to effectively implement neonatal skin care protocols, especially in preterm.

This article discusses a case of lepromatous leprosy presenting as a lichenoid rash. Leprosy is a slowly progressing infectious disease primarily affecting the skin and nerves. The diagnosis is typically based on WHO cardinal signs, but atypical skin manifestations can complicate the disease's course and delay diagnosis. The patient in this case presented with erythematous, lichenoid infiltrated papules and plaques, as well as ulnar nerve involvement and facial infiltration. The use of systemic corticosteroids likely led to unusual skin manifestations and complications. The article emphasizes the importance of considering leprosy as a possible diagnosis for unusual clinical presentations, especially in endemic regions. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract The frequency of the use of drugs that act on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is increasing, with the consequent onset of cutaneous toxicity, specifically acneiform eruption. The authors extensively review the topic, focusing on describing how these drugs can affect the skin and its appendages, that is, the pathophysiology that encompasses the cutaneous toxicity related to the use of EGFR inhibitors. In addition, it was possible to list the risk factors that may be associated with adverse effects of these drugs. Based on this recent knowledge, the authors expect to aid in the management of patients who are more vulnerable to toxicity, reduce morbidities, and improve the quality of life of patients undergoing treatment with EGFR inhibitors. Other issues related to the toxicity of EGFR inhibitors, such as the clinical aspects of the acneiform eruption grades, and other different types of cutaneous and mucosal reactions, are also included in the article.

Rasatarangini, one of the esteemed treatises of Ayurvediya Rasasastra has mentioned numerous malahara (ointment) preparations with herbal and herbo-mineral origin. The term malahara itself mean those which remove mala (impurities) from vrana (ulcers), vidradhi (abscesses), twak vikara (skin diseases) etc. Acharya Sadananda Sharma, author of Rasatarangini has mentioned Sindhooradhya malahara a preparation with potent action on vranashodhana ropana (wound cleansing and healing) and bhootasanga prashamana (antimicrobial) properties. Acharya has mentioned two malahara preparations named as Prathama and Dwiteeya Sindhooradhya malahara with only difference in single drug. Both preparations are indicated in skin manifestations like pama and kandu, which may be due to invasion of some external organisms or microbes. WHO has declared that antimicrobial resistance is one of the top 10 global public health threat facing humanity and thus the search for ayurvedic antimicrobials are progressing day by day. Since it is a topical antibiotic preparation, with very minimal ingredients proving its efficacy will be of great use for the society. The present study aims at the preparation and comparison between the antimicrobial activity of the two Sindhooradhya malahara named as Prathama and Dwiteeya respectively. The main findings are, antimicrobial study by both agar well diffusion and macro broth dilution showed that more action in Prathama Sindhooradhya malahara. Among the 4 tested strains, significant results are seen in case of Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida albicans whereas Dwiteeya Sindhooradhya malahara had no action in the tested strains of microbes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in the first week of their lives. These infections often lead to many dermatological skin complications and create worrisome among parents. Hence, it is crucial to diagnose and manage such affected neonates at the earliest. This study aimed to highlight and estimate the occurrence of numerous dermatoses and assess various skin changes that occurred physiologically and pathologically in neonates. Methodology: In this cross-sectional observational study, 474 neonates were enrolled in the neonatal intensive care unit. The whole newborn skin surface, comprising the palms and soles, scalp, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was scrutinized under adequate light, and all changes that occurred over the skin were observed and recorded. The sample size estimation was undertaken from the references that have the least prevalent cutaneous dermatosis: hypertrichosis desquamation and napkin dermatosis. A statistical analysis like the Chi-square test was performed to associate the type of dermatosis with the parameters of age, gender, delivery type, and birth weight. Results: Of the total 474 cases, 90 (18.98%) had single dermatosis, while the remaining 384 (81.01%) had more than one form of dermatosis. Among the 384 cases, sebaceous gland hyperplasia (SGH) in 105 (22.15%), Epstein pearls in 50 (10.54%), erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) in 40 (8.43%), physiological desquamation in 25 (5.27%), lanugo hair in 20 (4.21%), miliaria in 22 (4.64%), salmon patch in 13 (2.74%), cradle cap/seborrheic dermatitis in 6 (1.26%), vernix caseosa in 12 (2.53%), transient neonatal pustular melanosis in 13 (2.74%), congenital melanocytic nevus in 20 (4.21%), hemangioma in 15 (3.16%), neonatal acne in 5 (1.05%), napkin dermatitis in 10 (2.10%), cutis marmorata in 6 (1.26%), milia in 2 (0.42%) intertrigo 3 (0.63%), collodion baby in 2 (0.42%), and neonatal occipital alopecia in 2 (0.42%) neonates each and others, respectively. Conclusion: The findings from the present study were representative of a specific racial/geographic distribution and will assist in adding or comparing the prevalence of neonatal dermatosis with other geographic regions as the array of dermatological characterizations in neonates varies as per time and place. This study aims to provide insight into the future implications in the neonatal dermatology domain and avoid further skin complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Systemic amyloidosis belongs to a group of rare diseases due to extracellular amyloid deposition; it can be classified as primary, secondary or hereditary and there are multiple clinical manifestations depending on the organ affected by amyloid deposition, including heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, nervous system and skin. CLINICAL CASE: A 48-year-old female patient, with no known pathological history, consulted the emergency room due to a one-year history of paresthesias in the upper and lower extremities accompanied by a feeling of weakness, gait disturbance, weight loss, liquid stools, macroglossia, periorbital edema and nodular lesions in the abdomen. The skin biopsy showed the presence of amyloid, which was supported by the positivity of Congo red stain, confirming the diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis and finding an association with multiple myeloma after documenting the Bence-Jones protein and monoclonal involvement of lambda light chains. Chemotherapy was started and treatment was successfully completed. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic amyloidosis is a rare disease that implies a diagnostic challenge. Skin involvement allows clinical suspicion of the disease to make a timely diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach, avoiding complications associated with the amyloid deposition in other organs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors. Method: a cross-sectional analytical study with a convenience sample and prospective data collection, was conducted between November 2017 and August 2019. Overall, 341 preterm newborns who had been admitted to a University hospital - including those admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - were evaluated. Results: 61 (17.9%) had less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA), with a mean GA and birth weight of 33.9 § 2.8 weeks and 2107.8 § 679.8g (465 to 4230g), respectively. The median age at the time of evaluation was 2.9 days (4 h to 27 days). The frequency of dermatological diagnoses was 100% and 98.5% of the sample had two or more, with an average of 4.67 +1.53 dermatoses for each newborn. The 10 most frequent diagnoses were lanugo (85.9%), salmon patch (72.4%), sebaceous hyperplasia (68.6%), physiological desquamation (54.8%), dermal melanocytosis (38.7%), Epstein pearls (37.2%), milia (32.2%), traumatic skin lesions (24%), toxic erythema (16.7%), and contact dermatitis (5%). Those with GA< 28 weeks showed more traumatic injuries and abrasions, whereas those with - 28 weeks had physiological changes more frequently, and those with GA between 34-366/7 weeks, had transient changes. Conclusion: Dermatological diagnoses were frequent in our sample and those with higher GA showed a higher frequency of physiological (lanugo and salmon patch) and transient changes (toxic erythema and miliaria). Traumatic lesions and contact dermatitis were among the 10 most frequent injuries, reinforcing the need to effectively implement neonatal skin care protocols, especially in preterm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pediatric cancer patients can develop dermatological lesions secondary to antineoplastic therapy, appearance of skin, hair and nails. Objective: To describe the dermatological manifestations in hospitalized pediatric cancer patients. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in the Pediatric Hemato-Oncology room, Hospital Escuela, from January to June 2022. 86 patients who presented dermatological manifestations during the study period were included. For the analysis, results such as frequencies, percentages and descriptive statistics were generated. The proportion of patients with dermatological manifestations will be extended as the total number of patients with dermatological diagnoses in the study period/Total number of patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Ward multiplied by 100. Results: The mean age was 9.4 years (SD +/ -5.0; range: 5 months-18 years). The male sex predominated in 62.8% (54/86), Francisco Morazán origin 41.9% (36/86) and rural environment 53.5% (46/86). The dermatological diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia 60.5% (52/86), the classification was hematological malignancies 67.4% (58/86). The main oncological drug administered was Vincristine 76.7% (76/86). The main antineoplastic agent administered was vegetable alkaloids 75.6% (65/86). The type of lesion erythema 38.5% (34/86); the location of the lesion was on the skin in 47.6% (41/86). Dermatological diagnosis was alopecia and mucositis 36.0% (31/86) respectively. The proportion of dermatological lesions was 65.1% (86/132) and 82.6% (71/86) were classified as secondary to cancer treatment. Discussion: The proportion of dermatological lesions was 65%, the main manifestations being alopecia and mucositis, possibly secondary to the administration of antineoplastic therapy, specifically plant alkaloids, similar to what has been reported in the literature.