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Road construction projects are characterized by multitasking and the influence of the correct implementation of one task on another. In the subject literature, we can encounter the analysis of risk factors throughout the project, and yet, we rarely find the distinction and characteristics of the impact of risk factors resulting from the implementation of planning and measurement tasks, the correctness and timeliness that have a huge impact on the performance of subsequent tasks, and the success of the project. Additionally, attention should be paid on the distinction between design work and the implementation of construction. During the implementation of construction works, we are more capable of detecting errors faster at the initial stage than at the stage of performing measurements, which suggests the need to focus on minimizing the occurrence of risk factors at the initial stage. Therefore, two questions have been asked. How to quantify the risk factors of geodetic works in road construction projects? How to allocate quantified risk factors of geodetic works in the schedule? The following article presents the description and the example of the practical use of the risk assessment procedure of geodetic works and risk allocation in the schedule based on the MORAG method (Method of Risk Analysis for Geodesy), which is the original method of risk analysis of geodetic works in road construction projects. As a result of these works, the risk values for the i-th risk factor and i-th geodetic task were determined, considering the increase in the duration of the work, the increase in the costs of the work, and all evaluation criteria. Then, the extension was described and calculated based on the data obtained from the actual implementation of the road construction project, the value, which in this case is 11.05 days, was entered into the modified schedule. The results of this study may help to better understand the scale of the impact of the correctness of the implementation of geodesy tasks on the implementation of construction tasks. Additionally, they may serve to increase the awareness of the scale of consequences of incorrectly performed measurement tasks (demolition is necessary) and greater attention on the cooperation between the entities implementing these activities.

Purpose: In the literature, there are many methods that can be helpful in strategic management of universities. Some of them are related to the aspect of sustainability, in terms of balancing the level of fulfillment of different, often conflicting objectives, which must be considered when building strategies. These methods include product/service portfolio ones. However, their use is often intuitive and detached from the quantitative aspects of management. The purpose of this paper is to present a proposal of the modification of the portfolio methods through the use of one of discrete optimization problems, namely, the multiple knapsack problem. The proposal is applied to a selected university. The results are presented and discussed. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology consists in a conceptual work: combining non-quantitative portfolio methods used in strategic management and the quantitative multiple knapsack problem. The analogy is established between a market sector (capacity) and a knapsack (capacity), a university department value and an object value, the university improvement budget and a knapsack, an object cost and an improvement measure cost. Then, the case study is used to conduct an initial validation of the proposed approach. Findings: A quantitative model for strategic management of university as a whole or university departments is proposed. It allows to plan and control the application of improvement measures, allowing the university units to take on a better position in the educational market. It has been initially applied to a small university. Research limitations/implications: The model requires much more real-world case studies. Also, it will usually be difficult to establish the cost of running individual university units as well as the cost of corrective measures. The capacity of knapsacks -- here of market sectors -- will also be difficult to calculate. The method to be used here is activity-based costing, but it will not solve all the problems immediately, as its practical application is difficult. Practical implications: The proposed model will allow to plan and evaluate strategic changes of university as a whole and its units' position using quantitative values and to consider various strategic scenarios. Social implications: In order to establish the data necessary to construct the model, various stakeholders will have to cooperate (the university promotion department, the accounting representatives, the student and industry representatives etc.), probably for the first time. Such cooperation will improve the university position even if the model itself will not be able to be applied immediately. Originality/value: The link between portfolio methods and a quantitative optimization method for university management purposes has been established in the paper for the first time in the literature.

The work contains information on the implementation of surveying works in the road construction process. The aim of the research was to identify geodetic risk factors occurring at the stage of preparation of a construction project, the presence of which can greatly disrupt the undertaking such as the road construction. The research was carried out on the basis of expert knowledge, documentation obtained from various road construction projects and the analysis of disturbances at the initial stage of works.

Land surveying is one of the elements of the execution of construction works. These include, among others, the establishment of a horizontal and vertical geodetic control network, an inventory of the existing area, development of a road project and setting out the location of the road in the area. In order to avoid mistakes, construction works should be controlled as part of surveying works during the implementation of a given project. The article attempts to identify and quantify risk factors occurring during surveying at the stage of preparing data from a detailed design. Two proprietary methods have been presented to calculate both the probability value and the consequences of individual risk factors. The advantage of the presented analyzes is the fact that the acquired validity hierarchy of risk factors, expressed in numerical values, can be explained in a scientific way, rather than referring only to possessed knowledge, experience and intuition.

In the area of logistics management both managers and engineers rely primarily on proven computational algorithms, for this reason, it is often difficult to convince them to the use of artificial neural networks in solving decision problems. The paper presents the possibilities of using the FANN library in building of a computer application applied in the area of logistics. The possibilities of the component are presented on the example of applications of artificial neural networks to estimate the capacity of transport vehicles based on their dimensions. The example presented in the work was solved with the use of a multi-network Layered Perceptron. The example depicted not only the possibility of using artificial neural networks for solving poorly structured tasks but also practical application of the TFannNetwork component

The implementation of processes comprising the overall project management consists in the use of various tools, methods and techniques depending on the type of the project. The knowledge of the industry and the characteristics of construction projects make it possible to select those which, on the one hand, will not cause difficulties for the contractors and on the other, will, in fact, constitute a necessary complement to the technical skills of the project manager. Construction companies face situations that have a profound impact on the failure of projects. Such occurrences include a large number of simultaneously implemented projects, the appointment of a person who knows the project mainly from the implementation side as the project manager, a failure to perform risk analysis and procedures that become irrelevant when deadlines are approaching. After reviewing the available construction projects, analysing the literature, consulting experts and making observations, the authors determined that the majority of difficulties and failures result from omissions or errors that take place during the project planning and implementation stages. The following paper outlines the selected elements of project management, whose application in construction projects may significantly affect their final success and the results obtained. It also includes an example of the use of modern management methods, which certainly include risk management methods. A utilitarian tool addressing the effects of risk analysis is a contingency plan. Contingency may be translated as eventuality, possibility and sometimes also as coincidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows how complex emotions are. This has been proven by the analysis of the changes that occur on the face. The authors present the problem of image analysis for the purpose of identifying emotions. In addition, they point out the importance of recording the phenomenon of the development of emotions on the human face with the use of high-speed cameras, which allows the detection of micro expression. The work that was prepared for this article was based on analyzing the parallax pair correlation coefficients for specific faces. In the article authors proposed to divide the facial image into 8 characteristic segments. With this approach, it was confirmed that at different moments of emotion the pace of expression and the maximum change characteristic of a particular emotion, for each part of the face is different.

This paper presents an analysis of the Polish construction market with examples of project risk assessment taking into consideration one of the biggest markets in Central Europe. The writer has conducted research in identification and quantification of construction risks based on the Polish market that has developed considerably since joining the European Union. The risk analysis consists of verbal and quantitative description. The specification of risk indicators is directly linked to the Polish construction market and the writer has provided examples for applying the risk assessment process in construction projects. A summary of the analysis is presented in the final part of the paper. CE Database subject headings: Risk management; Poland; Construction management.

The world financial crisis, which started in the real property market, suppressed voices of risk analysis critics. Most entrepreneurs do not question its necessity, however, only few of them use it in practice. The reasons for this situation include financial ones or lack of organisational culture. Risk identification in bridge facilities exploitation encompasses specification and hierarchisation of potential threats. These threats may hamper transport or even make it impossible. Correct specification and accurate quantity description of risk factors influence the effectiveness of risk assessment of a particular facility. This allows to avoid or decrease problems in various logistical undertakings. The article presents an analysis of risk assessment possibilities for temporary bridges. It was assumed that bridges are very important elements of road infrastructure. Thus, the problem of risk assessment in road transport was directly correlated with a possible bridge infrastructure fault. Moreover, the article presents an original method of analysis of one bridge exploitation risk factor, i.e. the fatigue risk factor. The analysis was conducted on the example of temporary bridges based on one of the selected method of multicriteria optimisation, i.e. the Analytic Hierarchy Process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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Copyright of Technical Transactions / Czasopismo Techniczne is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The question of terrorism is becoming a principal problem which influences social safety. Terrorist acts are aimed at frightening people and destabilisation of normal functioning of the state. Terrorists are trying to achieve this goal by bombing civilians and public utility facilities including transport system facilities. One of the elements of a transport system is its infrastructure consisting of roads, railways and bridge facilities. This last element encompasses for example bridges, viaducts, flyovers and culverts. Taking into account the fact that bridge facilities are extremely sensitive to terrorist attacks, the authors of this article decided to focus on them in this study. The work presents an original method of damage risk assessment in engineering facilities in the aspect of potential terrorist attacks. The method is based on two selected multi-criteria optimisation methods. The subject of analyses were four selected bridge facilities. The results of the conducted research and analyses were risk assessments of selected bridges. An advantage of the presented solution is the possibility to justify the adopted hierarchy of decision variants. Using the proposed method one can obtain specific numerical values. They can be used in further analyses conducted on a wider scale and to build a hierarchized database of facilities prone to terrorist attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investment project as an undertaking for the future, more or less foreseeable, is a priori encumbered with the possibility of occurrence of disturbances. In recent years there have appeared significant changes in the scope of execution of construction projects, connected with the investment execution time, manner of financing, investors, and the environment in which the given project is executed. That fact determines the need, or even the necessity, to conduct the research into the issues of risk assessment and its utilitarian aspects. That problem applies also to construction projects, including water supply and sewage projects. An example of the project with all kinds of threats characteristic of such types of investments is the project entitled "Complex protection of the underground waters in the Kielce agglomeration." The risk factors result from the complexity and specificity of that type of projects. The presented article is an introduction to the discussion on the issues of assessing the risk of execution of water supply and sewage projects. The intention of the authors was to present the specificity of that type of projects and the general identification of the risk factors accompanying them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]