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3. The Mayo Clinic studies

Author

Miser, James S., Pritchard, Douglas J., Rock, Michael G., Shives, Thomas C., Gilchrist, Gerald S., Smithson, William A., Arndt, Carola A. S., Edmonson, John H., Schaid, Daniel J., Humphrey, G. Bennett, editor, Koops, H. Schraffordt, editor, Molenaar, W. M., editor, and Postma, A., editor

Published
1993
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5. Participants’ perspectives and preferences on clinical trial result dissemination: The TRUST Thyroid Trial experience [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

Author

Racine, Emmy, Hurley, Caroline, Cheung, Aoife, Sinnott, Carol, Matvienko-Sikar, Karen, Baumgartner, Christine, Rodondi, Nicolas, Smithson, William H., and Kearney, Patricia M.

Subjects
360 Social problems & social services, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, 610 Medicine & health
Abstract

Background: While there is an increasing consensus that clinical trial results should be shared with trial participants, there is a lack of evidence on the most appropriate methods. The aim of this study is to use a patient and public involvement (PPI) approach to identify, develop and evaluate a patient-preferred method of receiving results of the Thyroid Hormone Replacement for Subclinical Hypo-Thyroidism Trial (TRUST). Methods: This is a mixed methods study with three consecutive phases. Phase 1 iteratively developed a patient-preferred result method using semi-structured focus groups and a consensus-orientated-decision model, a PPI group to refine the method and adult literacy review for plain English assessment. Phase 2 was a single-blind parallel group trial. Irish TRUST participants were randomised to the intervention (patient-preferred method) and control group (standard method developed by lead study site). Phase 3 used a patient understanding questionnaire to compare patient understanding of results between the two methods. Results: Patients want to receive results of clinical trials, with qualitative findings indicating three key themes including ‘acknowledgement of individual contribution’, ‘contributing for a collective benefit’ and ‘receiving accessible and easy to understand results’. Building on these findings, a patient-preferred method of receiving results was developed as described above. TRUST participants (n=101) were randomised to the intervention. The questionnaire response rate was 74% for the intervention group and 62% for the control group. There were no differences in patient understanding between the two methods. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that it is feasible to conduct PPI with regard to the dissemination of results. The study identified and developed a patient-preferred method of receiving clinical trial results for older adults over 65 years. Although, in this study PPI did not influence patients’ final understanding of results, it provides a record of the process of conducting PPI within the clinical trial setting.

Published
2019
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8. The Patient-Held Active Record of Medication Status (PHARMS) study: a mixed-methods feasibility analysis

Author

Walsh, Elaine K, primary, Sahm, Laura J, additional, Bradley, Colin P, additional, Dalton, Kieran, additional, O’Sullivan, Kathleen, additional, McCarthy, Stephen, additional, Connolly, Eimear, additional, Fitzgerald, Ciara, additional, Smithson, William H, additional, Kerins, David, additional, Byrne, Derina, additional, and Kearney, Patricia M, additional

Published
2019
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9. The Mayo Clinic studies

Author

Miser, James S., primary, Pritchard, Douglas J., additional, Rock, Michael G., additional, Shives, Thomas C., additional, Gilchrist, Gerald S., additional, Smithson, William A., additional, Arndt, Carola A. S., additional, Edmonson, John H., additional, and Schaid, Daniel J., additional

Published
1993
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15. Usefulness of atherogenic dyslipidemia index to assess the cardiovascular risk of primary care patients – Results from lipidogram 2004 and lipidogram 2006 studies

Author

Chrusciel, Piotr Adam, primary, Jozwiak, Jacek, additional, Rygiel, Katarzyna, additional, Mathers, Nigel, additional, Lukas, Witold, additional, Windak, Adam, additional, Tomasik, Tomasz, additional, Smithson, William Henry, additional, Mastej, Miroslaw, additional, Tomaszewski, Maciej, additional, Kaess, Bernhard M., additional, Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw, additional, Tykarski, Andrzej, additional, Slezak, Andrzej, additional, Mizgala, Elzbieta, additional, and Banach, Maciej, additional

Published
2017
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18. Social media and professional identity: Pitfalls and potential.

Author

O’Regan, Andrew, Smithson, William Henry, and Spain, Eimear

Subjects
*ATTITUDE (Psychology), *COGNITION disorders, *CONFLICT (Psychology), *CURRICULUM, *ETHICS, *INTERGENERATIONAL relations, *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, *MEDICAL school faculty, *MEDICAL personnel, *MEDICAL students, *ONLINE information services, *PERSONAL space, *PROFESSIONAL identity, *SOCIAL media, *COLLEGE teacher attitudes
Abstract

Introduction: Social media developments have completely changed how information is accessed and communicated. While great potential exists with these platforms, recent reports of online unprofessional behavior by doctors has threatened the medical professional identity; a matter of critical importance for clinicians and medical educators. This paper outlines a role for social media in facilitating support for clinicians and medical teachers; it will raise awareness of pitfalls and explain ethical and legal guidelines.Methods: An analysis of inappropriate behaviors and conflicting attitudes regarding what is acceptable in online posts, including the inter-generational contrast in online presence and perceptions of where the boundaries lie.Results and discussion: Guidance documents are analyzed and potentially confusing and conflicting statements are identified and clarified. The authors believe that clinicians and medical students must follow ethical imperatives in both personal and professional spheres.Conclusions: It is essential that medical educational and professional bodies encourage clinicians to support one another and share information online while providing clear legal and ethical advice on maintaining standards and avoiding common pitfalls. Education on the responsible use of social media and associated risk awareness should be a priority for medical school curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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19. Using professional interpreters in undergraduate medical consultation skills teaching

Author

Bansal,Aarti, Swann,Jennifer, Smithson,William Henry, Bansal,Aarti, Swann,Jennifer, and Smithson,William Henry

Abstract

Aarti Bansal,1 Jennifer Swann,1 William Henry Smithson2 1Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, University of Sheffield, UK; 2Department of General Practice, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Abstract: The ability to work with interpreters is a core skill for UK medical graduates. At the University of Sheffield Medical School, this teaching was identified as a gap in the curriculum. Teaching was developed to use professional interpreters in role-play, based on evidence that professional interpreters improve health outcomes for patients with limited English proficiency. Other principles guiding the development of the teaching were an experiential learning format, integration to the core consultation skills curriculum, and sustainable delivery. The session was aligned with existing consultation skills teaching to retain the small-group experiential format and general practitioner (GP) tutor. Core curricular time was found through conversion of an existing consultation skills session. Language pairs of professional interpreters worked with each small group, with one playing patient and the other playing interpreter. These professional interpreters attended training in the scenarios so that they could learn to act as patient and family interpreter. GP tutors attended training sessions to help them facilitate the session. This enhanced the sustainability of the session by providing a cohort of tutors able to pass on their expertise to new staff through the existing shadowing process. Tutors felt that the involvement of professional interpreters improved student engagement. Student evaluation of the teaching suggests that the learning objectives were achieved. Faculty evaluation by GP tutors suggests that they perceived the teaching to be worthwhile and that the training they received had helped improve their own clinical practice in consulting through interpreters. We offer the following recommendations to others who may be interested in developing teaching on inter

Published
2014

22. Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma: a study of 42 cases

Author

Rud, Nathan P., Reiman, Herbert M., Pritchard, Douglas J., Frassica, Frank J., and Smithson, William A.

Subjects
Ewing's sarcoma -- Case studies, Ewing's sarcoma -- Prognosis, Health
Abstract

Ewing's sarcoma usually arises from bone cells, but an extraosseous (nonbone) type of this sarcoma has been recognized, and large series of cases have been reviewed infrequently. The disease is aggressive, with high rates of local recurrence and distant metastases (spread of tumor outside the original site). The clinical features and treatment of 42 cases are reviewed in this report. Metastases occurred in 30 patients, and were found during the original diagnosis in 6 patients, or occurred up to 11 years later in the others. Lung and bone were the most common sites for metastasis. Sixteen of the patients had local recurrence of the tumor, and overall survival at 5 years was 15 of 39 patients. Improved survival was associated with extensive surgery with cancer-free cells at the margins, local radiation therapy, and diagnosis after 1970. Decreased survival was associated with pelvic tumors, limited surgery, and metastasis. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1989

24. Portugal: charting a new course

Author

Rebelo de Sousa, Pedro and Smithson, William

Subjects
Economic policy -- Portugal, Business, Business, international
Abstract

Portugal will hold the Expo 98 world fair in Lisbon in 1998 and this is stimulating urban renewal in Lisbon. Portugal also plans to take part in European monetary union and has made a great effort to qualify despite having a per capita income higher only than that of Greece in the European Union. Portugal is carrying out a privatization program and has benefited from foreign investment, often through allances between Portuguese and foreign firms.

Published
1998

30. Asplenia in two father-son Pairs

Author

Lindor, Noralane M., primary, Smithson, William A., additional, Ahumada, Carlos A., additional, Michels, Virginia V., additional, and Opitz, John M., additional

Published
1995
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36. The Methodist pulpit, South

Author

Smithson, William T., ed., Smithson, William T., ed., Smithson, William T., ed., and Smithson, William T., ed.

Abstract

426 p. : ill. ; 23 cm., Electronic text and image data. Ann Arbor, Mich. : University of Michigan, Digital Library Initiatives, 1996. Includes both TIFF files and keyword searchable text. [Making of America] This volume is made possible by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AGV9063.0001.001, (lccallno) See URL for access, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

37. The Methodist pulpit, South

Author

Smithson, William T., ed., Smithson, William T., ed., Smithson, William T., ed., and Smithson, William T., ed.

Abstract

426 p. : ill. ; 23 cm., Electronic text and image data. Ann Arbor, Mich. : University of Michigan, Digital Library Initiatives, 1996. Includes both TIFF files and keyword searchable text. [Making of America] This volume is made possible by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation., Making of America (MOA), (dlps) AGV9063.0001.001, (lccallno) See URL for access, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

39. Activity of indicine N-oxide in refractory acute leukemia.

Author

Letendre, Louis, Smithson, William A., Gilchrist, Gerald S., Burgert, E. Omer, Hoagland, Clark H., Ames, Matthew M., Powis, Garth, Kovach, John S., Letendre, L, Smithson, W A, Gilchrist, G S, Burgert, E O Jr, Hoagland, C H, Ames, M M, Powis, G, and Kovach, J S

Published
1981
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45. Neuropsychologic followup study of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia

Author

Obetz, S. Wendell, Smithson, William A., Groover, Robert V., Houser, O. Wayne, Klass, Donald W., Ivnik, Robert J., Colligan, Robert C., Gilchrist, Gerald S., and Burgert, E. Omer

Abstract

Thirty-three children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who were in remission and who did not have central nervous system (CNS) leukemia were studied in an effort to detect effects of CNS prophylaxis on brain function. Nineteen children had received intrathecal methotrexate plus cranial radiation, eight had intrathecal methotrexate alone, and six had intrathecal plus intravenous methotrexate. Intrathecal methotrexate, 12 mg/m2, was given six times over 2 months. The dosage of cranial irradiation was 2400 rads in 12 divided doses over 16 days. Intravenous methotrexate, 500 mg/m2, was given at 21-day intervals three times. All except two patients had been in remission for more than 1 year, 10 for 1–2 years, nine for 2–4 years, and 12 for more than 4 years. Computed tomography of the head, electroencephalograms, neurologic examination, and a modified form of the Halsted-Reitan neuropsychologic test battery revealed 13 patients with an abnormal finding, but only one of these patients had an abnormality in more than one area. There was thus no correlation between the observed structural and functional abnormalities. These preliminary results fail to confirm any significant difference in neuropsychologic function related to the various CNS regimens and do not indicate a need to modify presently accepted methods of CNS prophylaxis. A prospective longer-term follow-up study with a larger patient sample is needed to assess the long-range relationship of measurable abnormalities to CNS prophylaxis and to help establish a preferred method of prophylaxis.

Published
1979

46. Participants' perspectives and preferences on clinical trial result dissemination: The TRUST Thyroid Trial experience

Author

Racine, Emmy, Hurley, Caroline, Cheung, Aoife, Sinnott, Carol, Matvienko-Sikar, Karen, Baumgartner, Christine, Rodondi, Nicolas, Smithson, William H, and Kearney, Patricia M

Subjects
Research Dissemination, Clinical Trial Result Dissemination, Study Results, Study Within A Trial, Patient And Public Involvement, Swat, Patient Involvement In Clinical Trials, Trial Results, 3. Good health
Abstract

Background: While there is an increasing consensus that clinical trial results should be shared with trial participants, there is a lack of evidence on the most appropriate methods. The aim of this study is to use a patient and public involvement (PPI) approach to identify, develop and evaluate a patient-preferred method of receiving results of the Thyroid Hormone Replacement for Subclinical Hypo-Thyroidism Trial (TRUST). Methods: This is a mixed methods study with three consecutive phases. Phase 1 iteratively developed a patient-preferred result method using semi-structured focus groups and a consensus-orientated-decision model, a PPI group to refine the method and adult literacy review for plain English assessment. Phase 2 was a single-blind parallel group trial. Irish TRUST participants were randomised to the intervention (patient-preferred method) and control group (standard method developed by lead study site). Phase 3 used a patient understanding questionnaire to compare patient understanding of results between the two methods. Results: Patients want to receive results of clinical trials, with qualitative findings indicating three key themes including 'acknowledgement of individual contribution', 'contributing for a collective benefit' and 'receiving accessible and easy to understand results'. Building on these findings, a patient-preferred method of receiving results was developed as described above. TRUST participants (n=101) were randomised to the intervention. The questionnaire response rate was 74% for the intervention group and 62% for the control group. There were no differences in patient understanding between the two methods. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that it is feasible to conduct PPI with regard to the dissemination of results. The study identified and developed a patient-preferred method of receiving clinical trial results for older adults over 65 years. Although, in this study PPI did not influence patients' final understanding of results, it provides a record of the process of conducting PPI within the clinical trial setting.

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