1. Precision Cancer Classification and Biomarker Identification from mRNA Gene Expression via Dimensionality Reduction and Explainable AI
- Author
-
Tabassum, Farzana, Islam, Sabrina, Rizwan, Siana, Sobhan, Masrur, Ahmed, Tasnim, Ahmed, Sabbir, and Chowdhury, Tareque Mohmud
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Gene expression analysis is a critical method for cancer classification, enabling precise diagnoses through the identification of unique molecular signatures associated with various tumors. Identifying cancer-specific genes from gene expression values enables a more tailored and personalized treatment approach. However, the high dimensionality of mRNA gene expression data poses challenges for analysis and data extraction. This research presents a comprehensive pipeline designed to accurately identify 33 distinct cancer types and their corresponding gene sets. It incorporates a combination of normalization and feature selection techniques to reduce dataset dimensionality effectively while ensuring high performance. Notably, our pipeline successfully identifies a substantial number of cancer-specific genes using a reduced feature set of just 500, in contrast to using the full dataset comprising 19,238 features. By employing an ensemble approach that combines three top-performing classifiers, a classification accuracy of 96.61% was achieved. Furthermore, we leverage Explainable AI to elucidate the biological significance of the identified cancer-specific genes, employing Differential Gene Expression (DGE) analysis., Comment: 37 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, Submitted to Journal of Computational Science
- Published
- 2024