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The aim of this paper is to analyse contemporary transitions in the aviation industry in Sweden. We take a durational perspective to consider narratives as coordinating mechanism in sustainability transitions. We find that industry actors are constructing narratives for alternative aircraft fuels and technologies as they seek to maintain aviation's societal function whilst mitigating its climate impact. By reconciling memories of the past with their expectations for the future, narratives act to coordinate actors’ transition activities in the present. In this way, narrative are more than an initiator of transitions, but constitute paths in-the-making, highlighting the agency of actors in enacting change in the present and shaping sustainability transitions of the future., QC 20231124

This chapter explores what it means for adults to claim child rights. Focussingon activism against institutional child abuse, it considers the question of whathappens to the mobilisation of child rights discourse when the person claimingthose rights is no longer a child. In other words, how is the concept of childrights used retrospectively and what does this reveal, both about childhood andabout child rights? The chapter begins with the contention that childhood needsto be understood as not only a concept that speaks to the lives of children,their experiences, and their place within the social structure. Rather, we suggest that a more expansive view enables recognition of the enduring significanceof childhood in adults’ lives. We illustrate this argument with examplesof the formation of collective identities based on childhood experiences, beforeturning to the ways that child rights are marshalled by adults in activism, incommissions of inquiry, and in the legal sphere. Throughout the chapter, we consider issues of temporality. We explore the ways in which adult survivors ofchildhood abuse retrospectively claim rights denied to them in the past and weexamine how activism, official inquiries, and legal mechanisms position adultsin relation to their childhood selves. We then consider some of the dilemmasthat arise with retrospective rights claims; particularly questions of retroactivityin relation to responsibility and redress for past abuse. Finally, we explorethe temporal repositioning of childhood and how past and present is bridged.This occurs through survivor activism and, in more formal mechanisms such asinquiries, by focussing on how people are represented as child victims in the pastand survivors in the present., Reclaiming Child Rights: Activism, Public Inquiries and Social Change, funded by the Australian Research Council, 2022-2025, K. Wright and J. Sköld.

The concept of white capital corresponds to embodied and institutionalized forms of cultural capital, possible to convert across social space. The value of such white capital depends on context, history, and power. Bodies that qualify as white can usually move and cross borders with ease. This includes white, Western migrants who tend to arrive with a set of privileges in terms of class, nationality, citizenship, and profession that open up new ways of producing and re-producing cultural and other forms of capital. Privileges of whiteness connected to institutions, passports, or bodies are, accordingly, contingent forms of capital for migrants who are socially classified as white. In the wake of a globalized history of race and European colonialism, however, white groups are positioned differently. Thus, not all whitenesses are recognized as transnational white capital. Whereas white Western migrants have access to mobility rights, orientations, and opportunities, Argentinian, Japanese, or Iranian whitenesses are not necessarily identified and/or convertible as capital transnationally. In this logic, whiteness as cultural capital is intertwined with histories of postcolonial racial structures and contemporary neoliberal forms of globalization, meaning that some kinds of white capital are local or intersect with ideas about national belonging, while others are transnational and transferable forms of capital outside their national contexts.

Resilient performance is a crucial characteristic of complex socio-technical systems, enabling them to sustain essential functionality during changing or stressful conditions. Resilience Engineering (RE), a sub-field of safety research, focuses on this perspective of resilience. RE emphasises its “cornerstone model”, presenting the REsystem goals of “anticipating, monitoring, responding and learning”. The cornerstone of learning remains fragmented and undertheorized in the existing literature. This paper aims to enrich RE research and its practical implications by developing a nuanced and comprehensive understanding of the role of learning from resilient performance. To achieve this aim, a scoping literature review was conducted to assess how learning is conceptualised in the RE literature and the theoretical foundations on which previous work rests. The main findings show that RE researchers view learning as the process of understanding the system, sharing knowledge, and re-designing system properties. The application of established learning theories is limited. This paper contributes to research by proposing an organisational process for the RE cornerstone of learning, paving the way for deeper discussions in future studies about learning from resilient performance within complex sociotechnical systems.

Climate change and violent conflict present two of the most substantial barriers to reaching the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Many of the countries bearing the greatest impacts of a changing climate also grapple with protracted armed conflict. Despite this, we still have limited knowledge about how political and environmental insecurities affect trust in the institutions that are responsible for disaster management, security and conflict resolution. In this paper we explore whether being exposed to violent armed conflict is associated with low levels of political trust, and whether this can be mitigated by state action. Relying on a household survey covering some 2000 rural households in Pakistan, we investigate how state disaster response shaped trust in conflict-affected contexts in the years following the severe flooding of 2010. Our study suggest that negative implications of violence exposure on political trust can be offset by disaster relief efforts by the state, but only in instances when the government is not involved in the violent activities. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the joint impact of conflict and disasters on political trust, and importantly shows that in some instances, government interventions in a different political domain can reduce negative consequences of armed conflict on trust. Understanding the interplay of compound risks in contexts where multiple risks are occurring simultaneously is crucial because without adequate, coordinated government action, it will be impossible to protect the lives, health and livelihoods of affected people in Pakistan and beyond.

The agricultural sector is one of the areas that has been highlighted as requiring a sustainability transition. For these kinds of transitions to succeed over the long-term, farmers need to be able to adapt to the required changes. Identifying which individual and institutional aspects are important for farmers' adaptive capacity and willingness to adapt is therefore an essential step in gaining insight into the role of farmers’ agency in transition processes and their long-term sustainability. So far, adaptive capacity literature has mainly focused on adaptive capacity in relation to climate change or individual innovations, thereby leaving a knowledge gap on adaptive capacity in relation to sustainability transitions. In this study, we aim to address this by deepening our understanding of these aspects through 24 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with English farmers and organisations in the context of the post-Brexit agricultural transition. Whilst we found many similarities with previous adaptation literature in the context of climate change and individual innovation, we also found aspects that have not been prominent and thus seem to be specific for adaptation in relation to sustainability transitions. These include the dual role that access to finances and information can play; land ownership status in terms of having the right to implement adaptation measures; state of mind; feeling respected, appreciated, and understood; perceived level of control and ownership; and considerations of (global) consequences. Further research is needed to strengthen and further develop our findings, for example through case studies in other geographical locations or sectors.

Climate change and violent conflict present two of the most substantial barriers to reaching the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Many of the countries bearing the greatest impacts of a changing climate also grapple with protracted armed conflict. Despite this, we still have limited knowledge about how political and environmental insecurities affect trust in the institutions that are responsible for disaster management, security and conflict resolution. In this paper we explore whether being exposed to violent armed conflict is associated with low levels of political trust, and whether this can be mitigated by state action. Relying on a household survey covering some 2000 rural households in Pakistan, we investigate how state disaster response shaped trust in conflict-affected contexts in the years following the severe flooding of 2010. Our study suggest that negative implications of violence exposure on political trust can be offset by disaster relief efforts by the state, but only in instances when the government is not involved in the violent activities. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the joint impact of conflict and disasters on political trust, and importantly shows that in some instances, government interventions in a different political domain can reduce negative consequences of armed conflict on trust. Understanding the interplay of compound risks in contexts where multiple risks are occurring simultaneously is crucial because without adequate, coordinated government action, it will be impossible to protect the lives, health and livelihoods of affected people in Pakistan and beyond.

The aim of this paper is to analyse contemporary transitions in the aviation industry in Sweden. We take a durational perspective to consider narratives as coordinating mechanism in sustainability transitions. We find that industry actors are constructing narratives for alternative aircraft fuels and technologies as they seek to maintain aviation's societal function whilst mitigating its climate impact. By reconciling memories of the past with their expectations for the future, narratives act to coordinate actors’ transition activities in the present. In this way, narrative are more than an initiator of transitions, but constitute paths in-the-making, highlighting the agency of actors in enacting change in the present and shaping sustainability transitions of the future., QC 20231124

This article aims to map out and analyse how Sweden’s security economy is shaped and sustained through security policies, political decisions, and personal connections amongst commercial and state elites. We treat the arms and security service industries as two sides of the same coin. In doing so, we address a shortcoming in the security literature that often analyses these two fields as separate areas of study with their own set of logic, research questions, theories, and methodologies. By bringing these two areas together, our study contributes to knowledge of the relationship between commercial defence and security actors and the state and a deeper understanding of Sweden’s security economy., This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

This year marks the 75th anniversary of what the UN itself understands to be its first peacekeeping operation. It is therefore an appropriate time to reflect on the track record of UN peacekeeping in its efforts to try to maintain and realize peace and security. Moreover, this milestone invites us to ponder what lies ahead in the realm of peacekeeping. For this reason, this forum article brings together both academics and UN officials to assess the achievements and challenges of UN peacekeeping over the past 75 years. Through a dialogue among peacekeeping scholars and practitioners, we hope to identify current trends and developments in UN peacekeeping, as well as explore priorities for the future to improve the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations in terms of achieving their mandate objectives, such as maintaining peace, protecting civilians, promoting human rights, and facilitating reconciliation. This forum article is structured into six thematic sections, each shedding light on various aspects of UN peacekeeping: (1) foundational principles of UN peacekeeping - namely, consent, impartiality, and the (non-)use of force; (2) protection of civilians; (3) the primacy of politics; (4) early warning; (5) cooperation with regional organizations; and (6) the changing geopolitical landscape in which UN peacekeeping operates.

Understanding how lifestyles should and could change to meet the terms of the Paris Agreement is the aim of the project ‘EU 1.5° Lifestyles’. It focuses on lifestyle options compatible with a 1.5°C target and explores the structural barriers and enablers to implementing these. Many of these lifestyle options relate to circular strategies such as sharing, reusing and repairing products.However, even if lifestyle changes are achieved, there is a risk of rebound and negative side effects that can undermine the intended outcomes. While rebound effects have been studied, particularly regarding energy and economic mechanisms, less attention was paid to other environmental effects and social mechanisms. A systematic literature review was conducted for rebound effects of sustainable lifestyles more generally and more specifically in the consumption domains: nutrition,housing, mobility, and leisure. This contribution maps the potential rebound effects of lifestyle changes and the different mechanisms by which these effects occur. It gives an overview of the literature on rebound effects related to sustainable lifestyle strategies for households. The results indicate some domain areas are more studied than others, but also a gap in understanding rebound effects empirically and holistically.

This research explores how blue-green solutions (BGS) take part in various everyday situations in the Augustenborg neighborhood of Malmö, Sweden, where BGS were introduced over twenty years ago to control urban flooding. The research applies a relational perspective, looking at everyday life as something that is contextually formed and given meaning in relation to the socio-materiality of the environment. The thesis employs a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach to answer: What aspects seem to matter in an environment with BGS, and how are they spatially situated in everyday life? How can the co-effects of BGS as technical artifacts be studied in relation to their temporality? How can everyday users’ expectations and concerns be considered in the design process of BGS? The research argues that the concept of resilience is inadequate in responding to the evolving challenges of urban areas, as situations before and after flooding are never the same. Instead, the thesis emphasizes the necessity of these environments to be responsive to the diverse needs of everyday life situations, including flooding. The study avoids looking at BGS as isolated artifacts in the urban landscape and, inspired by both actor-network theory (ANT) and affordance theory, it tries to explain the relationships between people and BGS through the lens of matters of concern and care. In this work, the interaction between blue-green infrastructure and society is understood from an urban design perspective and, as a spatiotemporal study of matters of care, the obtained knowledge also adds to science and technology studies (STS). The study shows a connection between the affordances in the environment and the accumulation of concerns developed over time. The link establishes complex relations in everyday life and influences various aspects of the socio-materiality of the environment. The results also show that the performances and possibilities of the environment are different and do not necess

The Paris Agreement sets the goal of a complete global phase-out of fossil fuel use by the end of the 21st century and an 80-95% reduction of carbon emissions in affluent countries by 2050. Obviously, efficiency gains alone cannot deliver the required reductions (Alfredsson et al. 2018), due to rebound effects (York, Adua, and Clark 2022) and the increasing pace of growth (Hickel 2020). It is suggested that efficiency improvements must be accompanied by demand-side innovations and, more specifically, by sufficiency-oriented efforts, i.e., “doing with less” - reducing the absolute amounts of resources and emissions associated with modern lifestyles (Wiedmann et al. 2020). Sufficiency encourages individuals and societies to make conscious choices about what they consume, focusing on quality rather than quantity and seeking fulfilment and well-being beyond material possessions. However, discourses about limits to consumption are often met with resistance from almost all stakeholders (Gumbert et al. 2022). Individuals associate sufficiency with “living in caves” (Mont et al. 2013). For businesses, sufficiency often challenges the entire business logic of growth and profit maximisation (Bocken and Short 2016). Policymakers are reluctant to engage with sufficiency for fear of losing their electorates, as sufficiency is often viewed as a too radical and contested idea. Thus, a paradox emerges: international agreements have finally agreed upon the need for a radical transformation of our economy, yet necessary measures for enabling radical transformations are seen as too radical. These views and narratives help maintain the growth-dependent economy that no longer fits within planetary boundaries and influence what our societies deem possible and desirable (T. Jackson 2006). The question we explore in this contribution is: How can we dispel these dominant societal narratives that prevent us from considering sufficiency as a salient part of sustainability governance? How have

Scholars and practitioners increasingly emphasize the importance of transdisciplinary and experimental approaches for understanding and addressing sustainability challenges. While there is widespread agreement that human society must undergo deep and radical changes, or so-called transformation, how transformation happens depends on multiple and dynamic factors in local contexts. In this thesis, I explore how to advance experimental transdisciplinary sustainability approaches to facilitate the collaborative development of solutions to sustainability problems and contribute to transformation. I use a transdisciplinary and real-world experimentation research approach called Urban Living Labs (ULL) that focuses on specific sustainability challenges in the food-water-energy nexus. I explore the intersection of these to understand how interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research can contribute to the co-production of action and solution- oriented knowledge. Moreover, I use a combination of interdisciplinary, participatory, and reflexive methods to investigate the processes of transdisciplinary sustainability research and the roles of researchers in these processes.In five papers, I address issues related to research design and planning, navigating the day-to-day conduct of transdisciplinary collaborations, knowledge transfer and sharing, and individual transformative capacity. In the first paper, I examine urban FWE nexus research to understand if and how solutions and their implementation are approached at a ‘local’ level, with implications for research design. The second paper considers FWE nexus research broadly to develop a heuristic for local-centered action- and solution-oriented research with key roles for inter- and transdisciplinary research and collaborations. The third paper focuses on navigating long-term transdisciplinary collaborations by applying the ULL approach in the context of local work with craft breweries. The fourth paper reconsiders transdisci

Since the 1990s, economic policy instruments have become increasingly important to Swedish climate policy. To understand the characteristics of current systems, this paper presents an analysis of the development of economic policy instruments since the 1950s, with a focus on Swedish industry. Since the introduction of energy taxation, industry has received preferential treatment in the interests of protecting competitiveness. Path dependency, as well as concerns regarding competitiveness, have hampered major reforms necessary to make the system more feasible for CO2 mitigation. Although this was less critical while climate policy goals were relatively modest, as the level of ambition grew it became more problematic. To this end, complementary instruments have been proposed and to a certain extent, implemented.This study illustrates the long history of energy and environmental taxation in Sweden and how important concerns about industrial competitiveness have been when designing energy and climate policies. It has also shown that the introduction of carbon pricing was not a radical policy shift but rather an adaptation of the existing system to new circumstances. The development could thus be seen as an example of policy path dependency.

I Norge ble en ny modell for beregning av nettleie innført 1. juli 2022. Formålet med den nye nettleien er å motivere husholdninger til å fordele strømforbruket jevnere utover døgnet. På tidspunktet hvor den nye nettleien ble planlagt innført var det liten kunnskap om virkninger av slike virkemidler på forbrukere. Flexeffect-prosjektet startet har undersøkt virkninger virkemidler for fleksibel strømbruk på forskjellige husholdningsgrupper. Resultatene viser at mange av forbrukerne forstår og er enige med formålet for ny nettleie. Samtidig gjør utformingen det vanskelig å forstå og tilpasse seg i hverdagslivet og det er konkurrerende signaler og hensyn de må ta. Videre har mange uttrykt bekymring for at den nye nettleien kan få uheldige og urettferdige fordelingsvirkninger. Våre funn viser også at det er krevende for forbrukere å ta i bruk ny teknologi for å øke forbrukerfleksibiliteten. Selv om forbrukerhensyn er nevnt i den politiske rosessen for å innføre ny nettleie er forbrukerne svakt representert i utformingen og forbrukerhensynene som inngår i konsultasjonene har en tendens til å være generelle. Dimensjoner som systembehov er blitt mer vektlagt enn orbrukerbehov og ikke minst forbrukeres evne til tilpasning.

We are facing a climate and ecological emergency. On all levels in society and the economy, there is a need to work towards climate neutrality and sustainable development. A key way to address global and local complex challenges is through cities. But how can we design, create and achieve climate neutral and sustainable cities? This compendium focuses on how to support individuals and organisations in developing transformative skills and capacities for climate action in cities.

This resource is a disaster risk financing conceptual framework to assist humanitarian donors, practitioners, and their partners (governments, local communities, etc.) to develop and implement more effective disaster risk financing activities.

Social and economic change in the built environment is increasingly driven by processes of datafication. These often find expression through smart phone apps and private platforms that seek to upset the status quo by mediating consumer and producer interactions, and by monetising the data these produce. This paper uses the practice-oriented concept of ‘disruptive data’ to draw attention away from specific technologies and towards the broader political economic logics that underlie them. In so doing, disruption is reframed as a capitalist strategy for creating and capitalising on uncertainty. The rapid change to Dublin’s taxi industry over the past decade illustrates these dynamics. By following how ride-hailing apps, most notably Hailo, were introduced into and effected the city, the importance of regulatory context but also wider flows of data and capital are stressed. Data disruptions occur not at the level of the app or platform, but at the economic relations in which they are embedded. By paying attention to the historical details of data disruption, the specificities of change processes are revealed without losing track of their broader economic function.

As retail is becoming increasingly digitised in its operation and consumer relationships, much faith is put into automation, prediction and insights drawn from consumer data to shape consumer experiences and expectations. Under the umbrella of data-collection and artificial intelligence (AI), this chapter studies the role of consumer trust in retail personalisation. We draw empirical insights from focus-group interviews conducted with Swedish consumers regarding three main aspects: (1) consumer sentiment on data collection; (2) data-dependent retail personalisation; and (3) the digitised market logic that follows from platformisation. Firstly, the results indicate that the level of trust that consumers have in general for data collection is of relevance for how successful retailers use of recommendations systems and targeted ads will be. Secondly, and echoing earlier studies, the user agreements and privacy notices are something that most interviewees find hard to comprehend and pay attention to. And thirdly, data collection, automation and personalisation is often third-party dependent and platformised. To consumers, this adds to a lack of transparency and a sense of lost control over data, which should be taken as a call to action for retailers to be more attentive to consumer trust and to avoid third-party sharing to the extent possible.

While recent progress has been made in several fields of data-intense AI-research, many applications have been shown to be prone to unintendedly reproduce social biases, sexism and stereotyping, including but not exclusive to gender. As more of these design-based, algorithmic or machine learning methodologies, here called adaptive technologies, become embedded in robotics, we see a need for a developed understanding of what role social norms play in social robotics, particularly with regards to fairness. To this end, we i) we propose a framework for a socio-legal robotics, primarily drawn from Sociology of Law and Gender Studies. This is then ii) related to already established notions of acceptability and personalisation in social robotics, here with a particular focus on iii) the interplay between adaptive technologies and social norms. In theorising this interplay for social robotics, we look not only to current statuses of social robots, but draw from identified AI-methods that can be seen to influence robotics in the near future. This theoretical framework, we argue, can help us point to concerns of relevance for questions of fairness in human-robot interaction.

There are many ways to approach an understanding of nature conservation values and narratives. This chapter employs a case study to focus on one of the most important contemporary nature conservation initiatives, because of its global coverage and impact. We trace the formation of narratives developed by researchers, conservation entities, politicians, and other actors who have given meaning to Douglas and Kristine Tompkins effort to create privately protected areas (PAs) in Chilean Patagonia and Argentina. We reviewed academic and popular press texts to construct and interpret stories and their evolution throughout the processes of land acquisition and PA development, management, integration, and donation. Findings reveal connections, tensions, and contradictions produced by the broader Tompkins project and different approaches by the more critical academicians than the upbeat and colorful popular press. In this chapter, we demonstrate how narratives can be a useful tool to analyze value and ideological conflicts about private protected areas (PPAs) in Chile and Argentina. Narratives are also helpful to determine how humans do and will use stories to advance PPAs to achieve global biodiversity conservation goals, such as the 30 × 30 initiative, or problematize their existence.

In this paper we seek to restory what has been storied as “the problem of ADHD”. Informed by calls for a critical ADHD studies, we explore the possibilities of ADHD collective autoethnographic storytelling. Together we (en)counter narratives of ADHD. Within our collective writing space, from our ADHD/AuDHD bodyminds, we seek to re-story our ADHD/AuDHD. We map a field of critical ADHD research within social sciences and point out problems of outsider perspectives, stressing a need for insider perspectives. Our data consist of collective authoethnographic writings about ADHD. From the data we have explored our experiences of (En)Countering ADHD narratives, and a transition process which we refer to as from ”broken NT-scholars” to neurodivergent scholars, stressing the importance of ADHD:ers as independent as well as collective agents, and ADHD as epistemological standpoint within research.

For a ski guide, updating on the ever-changing natural conditions and group dynamics is essential to stay safe and provide a good experience for clients. In this paper, we explore how guides update their understanding in the mountains. Our data arise out of a one-season participant ethnography of ski guiding in Norway. The research team had two authors collecting data, one as an “outsider” and another as an “insider”. We find that the work of a ski guide involves a process of monitoring, testing, and projecting. Complementing and challenging the avalanche literature, we find that ski guide decision-making is an embodied updating process rather than a cognitive one that happens at “decision points”. We highlight the implications of these findings both for guides and researchers. Management implications: Continuous updating is critical for adapting to changing conditions and for breaking with set frames of understanding. Therefore, guides should not overly rely on decision aids or fixed decisions. Guides should listen to their intuition when something “feels off” and be in doubt when something “feels right”. Clients should acknowledge that they are an active part of the setting and, therefore, influence the outcome with both direct and indirect actions. Updating relies on the continuous monitoring, testing, and projecting of ecological and social cues. Neither type should be viewed in isolation.

Crossover effects of critical life events within families have received growing attention in life-courseresearch. A parent losing a job is among the most distressing events that can befall a family, butexisting research has reached discrepant conclusions concerning if, and if so how, this affects childmental health. Drawing on insights from models of intra-family influence and life courseepidemiological models, we ask if parental job loss have latent or long-term effects on child mentalhealth, if the effects are conditional on the timing of the job loss, and if repeated job losses havecumulative effects.We use intergenerationally linked Swedish register data combined with entropy balance andstructural nested mean models for the analyses. The data allow us to track 400,000 children over 14years and thereby test different life-course models of crossover effects. We identify involuntary joblosses using information on workplace closures, thus reducing the risk of confounding.Results show that paternal but not maternal job loss significantly increases the risk of mental healthproblems among children, that the average effects are modest in size (less than 4% in relativeterms), that they materialize only after some years, and that they are driven by children aged 6-10years. Moreover, we find evidence of cumulative effects, but also of declining marginal harm ofadditional job losses over the life course., HEALFAMjob loss; mental health; life course; crossover effects; cumulative effects; sensitive periods

Over the past decade, the Nordic countries – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden – have strengthened their relationship with African states and societies by supporting the African Peace and Security Architecture and promoting African involvement in conflict prevention, mediation, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding efforts. This report offers an overview of the partnership between African and Nordic countries in peace and security from 2012 to 2021. It features original case studies on Nordic country cooperation with African actors and institutions, across an array of efforts, including support to peace processes, building capacity and training for inclusive conflict management, contributing to peace operations, and advancing gender equality, climate adaptation and resilience. It also includes perspectives on cross-cutting themes such as women, peace and security, youth, countering violent extremism, and partnership with the African Union. The report aims to be a resource for the policy community, mapping African-Nordic cooperation, in pursuit of peace and security in Africa., Contents: Preface -- Executive summary -- Introduction -- Part 1: Nordic country studies - Denmark / Jakob Dreyer -- Finland / Prince Duah Agyei -- Iceland / Silja Bára R. Ómarsdóttir and Guðrún Sif Friðriksdóttir -- Norway / Ingvild Brox Brodtkorb -- Sweden / Fredrik Söderbaum and Sören Stapel -- Part 2: Thematic perspectives -- African peace support capacity / Vasu Gounden -- Women, peace, and security / Olivia Ebenstål Almeida -- Youth, peace, and security / Martha Kiiza Bakwesgha -- Peacekeeping and countering violent extremism / Fiifi Edu-Afful and Kwesi Aning -- The African Union (AU) Partnership and the Peace Fund / Hafsa Maalim

This study investigates conservation establishment and management in the context of Sweden's 30 national parks by conceptualising natural disturbances as focus events for conservation opportunities. Since positive effects on the environment manifest a long time after a natural disturbance, it may take time before society sees a need to conserve the natural area. To conceptualise such delayed responses to a focus event, the concept of a 'delayed window' is introduced. An analysis of Park Establishment Proposals from the Swedish Parliament for establishing and extending Sweden's national parks was conducted by sending a survey to county representatives for each national park (response rate 19/30). The results show that historic natural disturbances were mentioned as a motivating factor for establishing many of Sweden's 30 national parks (37%, i.e. 11 parks). The result suggests that the delayed window opens when biodiversity and Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) values of historic disturbance(s) become visible. The time span for motivating values is calculated for biodiversity values (18-829 years) and CES values (5-829 years). However, surveyed representatives responded that future disturbances may not be desired or only desired if controlled or limited, highlighting a paradox in terms of the perceived value of past and future disturbances., This paper was included as a manuscript in doctoral thesis entitled "Natural Hazards as Windows of Opportunity for Change: Character and Time Perspectives on Environmental Opportunities and Preparedness", KUS 2023:7.

In trauma teams, coordination can be established through a centralised leader. The team can also use a decentralised strategy. In this descriptive study of video-recorded trauma resuscitations, using quantification of qualitative data, Social Network analysis of all real-time communications of eight in-real-life (IRL) and simulated trauma teams explained team social structure. The communication network structures in the simulated scenarios were more centralised using individually directed speech and had a high proportion of communication to update all team members. Such a structure might be the result of work performed in a complexity-stripped simulation environment where simplified task-executions required less interactions, or from work revolving around a deteriorating patient, imposing high demands on rapid decision-making and taskwork. Communication IRL was mostly decentralised, with more variability between cases, possibly due to unpredictability of the IRL case. The flexibility to act in a decentralised manner potentiates adaptability and seems beneficial in rapidly changing situations.Practitioner summary: Efficient collaboration in trauma teams is essential. Communication in in-real-life and simulated trauma teams was analysed using social network analysis. The simulation teams were overall more centralised compared to the IRL teams. The flexibility to act decentralised seems beneficial for emergency teams as it enables adaptability in unpredictable situations., Funding Agencies|Region stergoetlandO [LIO-627951, SC-2016-00261-02, 551-53173]

This paper reconsiders the roles of actors in regional innovation systems in the context of transformative industrial change. Empirically, it draws on evidence from the Värmland region of Sweden, where regional innovation system actors, with partial funding from the Swedish Innovation Agency, are striving to build a bioeconomy upon the traditional forest-related industries. The main findings include that transformative industrial change adds a variety of responsibilities to regional actors, including the provision of change legitimacy, influencing the industry’s innovation directionality and achieving social acceptance for change. A combined perspective on sociotechnical transitions and path development in regional innovation systems theoretically informs the case.

Building information modelling (BIM) is a digital tool that offers the possibility to collect and share a multitude of data about a building and increase collaboration across professional borders. However, the uptake of BIM in the construction industry has been relatively slow, and previous research has shown how BIM creates tensions in the workplace. In this article, we explore the impact of BIM on socio-technical knowledge practices, to understand how these are enabled or restricted by the use of BIM. Through a qualitative case study in Sweden, this article analyses BIM through a knowledge infrastructure framework to explain the relatively slow uptake of BIM in a new light. The results show that BIM lacks embeddedness in governmental and corporate practices and regulations and that it sometimes leads to the marginalization of some professions through changed organizations and the slow process of changing complex knowledge infrastructures. This suggests that a critical discussion of the role of BIM in relation to professional flexibility, construction project process organization and power over technological development is vital for the future development of the construction sector.

Most research on emotions, including that which takes a social perspective, is directed at negative emotions and their manifestation in social situations that involve conflicts, disputes, and arguments. This thesis instead aims to address children’s heightened positive emotions and their interactional functions within the peer group and in learning encounters with teachers in preschool. Theoretically and methodologically, the thesis adopts a multimodal interaction analysis perspective. The data comprises 40 hours of video-ethnographic recordings of everyday activities conducted in a regular preschool in Sweden. The participants include 6 teachers and 50 children (ages 1-5, girls and boys). The following research questions underpin the thesis: How do young children invite co-participation and reciprocate laughter in multiparty interactions with peers and teachers? How do young children invoke excitement displays to initiate joint attention in multiparty peer settings in preschool? How do teachers choreograph suspense practices as a means to organize participation in educational activities? The thesis highlights the communicative and social affordances and challenges that young children encounter when interacting in large groups in preschool settings. The thesis contributes with knowledge in a largely unexplored area, i.e., heightened emotional displays in children’s peer groups, and adult-child interactions., Merparten av forskning om känslor, inklusive den som tar ett socialt perspektiv, är inriktad på negativa känslor och deras manifestation i sociala situationer som involverar konflikter, dispyter och argument. Denna avhandling syftar snarare till att rikta sig mot barns förhöjda positiva känsloyttringar och deras sociala interaktionella funktioner såväl i kamratgruppen som i deras dagliga interaktioner i lärsituationer med pedagoger i förskolan. Teoretiskt och metodologiskt intar avhandlingen ett multimodalt interaktionsanalysiskt perspektiv. Data består av 40 timmar videoetnografiska inspelningar av vardagliga aktiviteter som äger rum på en ordinär förskola i Sverige. Deltagarna inkluderar 6 pedagoger och 50 barn (flickor och pojkar ett till fem år). De forskningsfrågor som legat till grund för avhandlingen är följande: Hur bjuder små barn in till meddeltagande och till återgäldande skratt i flerpartssamspel med kamrater och lärare? Hur tar barn känsloyttringar till hjälp för att få till stånd en gemensam uppmärksamhet mellan flera deltagare i förskolans kamratgrupp? Hur koreograferar lärare spänningsmoment som ett sätt att organisera deltagande i utbildningsaktiviteter? Avhandlingen belyser de kommunikativa och sociala möjligheter och utmaningar som små barn möter när de interagerar i stora grupper i förskolemiljöer. Avhandlingen bidrar med kunskap till ett i stort sett outforskat område, det vill säga förhöjda positiva känsloyttringar inom barns kamratgrupp och i vuxenbarn interaktioner.

BackgroundWorking systematically with the work environment, particularly the organizational and psychosocial work environment entails several challenges for employers. There is a lack of knowledge on how to best undertake this work. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the process of a six-year organizational-level intervention program where workplaces could apply for additional funds to implement preventive intervention measures, with the intention of improving working conditions and reducing sickness absence within the Swedish public sector.MethodsThe program management process was studied using a mixed-method approach combining qualitative document and content analyses based on process documentation produced between 2017 and 2022 (n = 135), interviews with internal occupational health services professionals in 2021 (n = 9) and quantitative descriptive analyses of submitted applications with decisions from 2017 to 2022 (n = 621).ResultsQualitative analyses of the process documentation revealed concerns from the project group regarding access to sufficient competence and resources among stakeholders and participating workplaces, and role conflicts and ambiguities between the program and everyday operations. To address these challenges, the application process was developed over time using the knowledge gained from previous years. A change in the mental models in work environment management, from an individual to an organizational perspective, was seen among the project group and the internal occupational health services responsible for implementing most of the granted intervention measures. In addition, the proportion of granted intervention measures on an organizational level increased throughout the years from 39% in 2017 to 89% in 2022. The changes in the application process were believed to be the main contributor to the change among the applying workplaces.ConclusionsResults indicate that a long-term organizational-level workplace intervention program ma

Over the last few years, electrically assisted cycling, e-biking, has increased substantially worldwide. Replacing car driving for individual journeys, especially commuting, is highlighted as important to mitigate climate change, improve public health, and reduce congestion and other unwanted consequences connected to the car. Car driving, how-ever, is still the overwhelmingly dominant mode of personal transport globally and the ‘system of automobility’ permeates the whole of soci-ety. Flexibility and autonomy are considered the main reasons for the car’s dominance (Urry 2004). By analysing interviews and diaries kept by e-bikers, collected in semi-urban and urban settings in Sweden, this art-icle aims to contribute to knowledge about emerging micromobility practices such as e-biking in relation to a transport system where flexi-bility is the norm. The results show that e-biking encompasses elements that give the practice potential to both recruit and retain practitioners. By successfully combining elements of conventional cycling and car driving, it offers reliability, convenience, and flexibility. E-biking facili-tates transforming a dull commute into leisure as the rider can enjoy the sensuous and reflective aspects of the journey. At the same time, through that squeezing of time, it does not challenge prevailing struc-tures but rather maintains the time-space of automobility

Syftet med den studie som presenteras i föreliggande rapport har varit att bidra till förståelsen för hur mobilisering sker för att skapa samhällsstrukturer i samband med storskaliga investeringar för grön industrialisering. Fokus riktas mot strategier och initiativ genom den offentliga sektorn, där särskilt kommunens agerande står i fokus. Diskussionen i rapporten utgår från en empirisk studie av insatser för att utveckla samhällsstrukturer i Skellefteå i samband med etableringen av en industrianläggning för batteriproduktion. Det här är ett exempel på en mycket snabb etablering som innebär en radikal samhällsomvandling. Det konkreta sammanhanget för studien utgörs av följeforskning inom ett projekt med titeln: ”Förstudie Regionala Flaggskeppsprojekt” som har haft stöd från Vinnova (2021–0463). Titeln för forskningsprojektet kopplar till användning av begreppet ”flaggskeppsinitiativ” genom EU:s strategiska visioner för utveckling. Sådana syftar på storskaliga och sektorsövergripande insatser. Till stöd för målsättningen att identifiera lärdomar från processen för etableringen av batterifabriken i Skellefteå analyseras resultatet utifrån en modell med benämningen ”territoriell governance”. Det är en modell för samhällsutveckling som har utformats i skärningspunkten mellan policy inom EU:s sammanhållningspolitik och forskningen inom fältet för regional utveckling. Modellen tar sin utgångspunkt i det decentraliserade regionala utvecklingsansvaret samtidigt som den integrerar betydelsen av flernivårelationer, och mer konkret beroendeförhållanden som råder mellan regionen/kommunen, staten och EU. Modellen understryker en platsbaserad logik och därmed att insatser för regional/lokal utveckling ska utformas enligt platsens förutsättningar. Rapporten betonar tre övergripande slutsatser. Den första slutsatsen tar sin utgångspunkt i den decentraliserade processen som sker på den regionala/lokala nivån för att driva utveckling. Den diskussionen lyfter fram hur föreställninga

For many islands, the answer to the question "why a locally, self-sustaining, and regenerative economy is needed?" is clear. The struggle often lies in the "how". Here, we argue that tools from regenerative economics, which follow an island economy-as-an-organism analogy, offer valuable and complementary insights to socio-metabolic research. Indicators from flow-based and information-based ecological network analysis can quantify proper- ties of an islands socio-economic metabolism (SEM) which are related to cycling, resilience, and degree of mutualism, among others. To illustrate the applicability of these methods, we select Samothraki in Greece as a case study. Results show that over the years the island became very efficient in streamlining imported resources, experiencing physical growth as indicated by a substantial increase in its total material throughput. This growth was attributed to a high degree of order (i.e., network efficiency) endowed by the constraining (ordered) part of the linear structure of the islands SEM. The disordered part of its SEM which is related to resilience, played a much smaller role which became progressively more important over the years, albeit to a limited degree. While the island exhibits an increasing trend in its robustness, its value over the years studied was well below what is typically observed for healthy natural ecosystems, and its current SEM has a very low ability to generate internal flow activity and cycling of resources per unit input. This limited robustness is due to the islands dependency on imports but also due to its linear SEM which had a very small number of feedback loops in its network. A scenario analysis showed that a reticulated network structure would theoretically endow the island with increased resilience, and hence robustness, by allowing for more internal resource flow activity to be circulated as regen- erative re-investment. This article highlights that methods from regenerative economics can be us, Funding Agencies|Dutch Research Council (NWO); Dutch Research Council (NWO) [97090.2022.101.671/074/RB]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); NWO [72061137071]; NSFC [48219608]

This paper presents the results of a globally distributed survey on policies for incentivizing bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). The current lack of policy incentives to support the implementation of BECCS constitutes a major deployment barrier. Therefore, scientists and policymakers are now debating the optimal BECCS policy framework. Previous studies have presented theoretical analyses of policy options to spur deployment, yet despite the considerable influence of experts on policy processes, very few studies have explored expert opinions. Drawing on an online survey of experts (N = 46), we explore their policy preferences and whether those preferences differ or converge between experts from different working sectors. The results show that a tax and refund scheme, a flat-rate subsidy, and reverse auctioning are considered more suitable than other measures. Furthermore, most experts agree that rather than a stand-alone policy, a policy mix would be needed in order to support BECCS deployment. Several experts propose a sequence of policies, moving from publicly funded supply-push policies in the short term to budget-neutral demand-pull policies in the longer term. Regarding various subsidy schemes, respondents favor investment subsidies or results-based subsidies based on stored biogenic carbon dioxide. The relatively minor differences in the response patterns between groups of experts suggest that a consensus on a preferred BECCS policy pathway might be forming across different sectors and interest groups. Therefore, our results could inform policymakers on policy instruments for BECCS that are considered most suitable by experts and thus help to shape the policy pathway for BECCS., Funding: German Ministry of Education and Research [031B0788A]

Food for Urban Lives and Localit

One way to theorize about we-identities-the identities that individual subjects have as one of us-is in terms of the uniformity, interchangeability, and prototypicality of group members. The social-psychological theory of self-categorization epitomizes this approach, which has strongly influenced contemporary phenomenological research on the we. This paper argues that this approach has one important and largely overlooked limitation: the we-identities tied to close personal relationships-exemplified by long-term friendships and romantic partnerships-are based on patterns of interpersonal interaction and integration through which individuals tend to grasp their non-substitutability and complementarity. This limitation suggests that another approach is needed to tackle the we-identities characteristic of close personal relationships. I outline such an approach, by combining resources from classical phenomenology and ongoing research on the socially extended mind.

This cross-disciplinary exploration delves into the multifaceted intersec-tions of technology, embodiment, identity, and ecology through the lens of cyborg knowing. The first contribution focuses on the vulnerabilities faced by individuals with implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs), emphasizing the crucial need for acclimatization strategies and agency in navigating their cybernetic embodiment as “everyday cyborg”. The second contribu-tion critically examines cultural technologies revealing their role in perpet-uating biases and advocates for interdisciplinary approaches, drawing on feminist STS and cyborg theory, to adaptively reshape societal constructs. Lastly, the third contribution envisions a comprehensive theory of cyber-zoa that extends the cyborg figuration to encompass nonhuman animals, fostering a post-anthropocentric perspective and an ecologically attuned examination of power relations, exploitation, and symmetrical relation-ships. By engaging with the concept of the cyborg, these contributions shed light on the complex dynamics and transformative potentials inher-ent in the realm of technology for both human and nonhuman lives