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The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in people older than 65 years in Canada ranges from 1% to 5%. (1,2) Surgical management is the most common form of management, [...], Background: The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and outcomes after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair in publicly funded health care systems is poorly described. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of SES on postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent AAA repair in Nova Scotia, Canada. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all elective AAA repairs in Nova Scotia between November 2005 and March 2015 using administrative data sources. We compared postoperative 30-day outcomes and long-term survival across socioeconomic quintiles, defined as the Pampalon Material Deprivation Index (MDI) and Social Deprivation Index (SDI). We also compared the relation between baseline characteristics, MDI quintile, SDI quintile and 30-day mortality. We used multivariable logistic regression and survival analysis to calculate adjusted 30-day mortality and long-term survival, respectively. Results: A total of 1913 patients underwent AAA repair during the study period. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 2.6% (50 patients). Thirty-day outcomes including death (p = 0.8), stroke (p = 0.7), myocardial infarction (p = 0.06), length of stay (p = 0.3) and discharge disposition other than home (p = 0.8) were similar across MDI quintiles. Similarly, there was no statistically significant association between SDI quintile and postoperative outcomes. Multivariable analysis showed that age greater than 70 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55-6.06) and open repair (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.59-6.52) but not MDI quintile (p = NS) or SDI quintile (p = NS) were associated with increased 30-day mortality. There was no effect of MDI or SDI quintile on long-term survival on univariable or multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Socioeconomic status does not appear to affect short- or long-term mortality after AAA repair in a publicly funded health care system. Further research is needed to address any existing gaps in screening and referral before repair. Contexte : Le lien entre le statut socioeconomique (SSE) et les issues suivant la reparation d'un anevrisme aortique abdominal (AAA) realisee dans un systeme de sante public est mal defini. Cette etude avait pour but de determiner l'effet du SSE sur les issues postoperatoires chez les patients ayant subi la reparation d'un AAA en Nouvelle-Ecosse, au Canada. Methodes : Nous avons mene une analyse retrospective de toutes les reparations electives d'un AAA realisees entre novembre 2005 et mars 2015 en Nouvelle-Ecosse a partir de bases de donnees administratives. Nous avons compare les issues postoperatoires sur 30 jours et la survie a long terme pour tous les quintiles socioeconomiques, etablis selon l'indice de defavorisation materielle et sociale de Pampalon (IDMS) et l'indice de defavorisation sociale (IDS). Nous avons aussi compare les relations entre les caracteristiques de base, les quintiles d'IDMS et d'IDS et la mortalite dans les 30 jours. Nous nous sommes servis d'une regression logistique multivariee et d'analyses de survie pour calculer respectivement la mortalite ajustee dans les 30 jours et la survie a long terme. Resultats : Au total, 1913 patients ont subi une reparation d'un AAA pendant la pe riode de l'etude. Le taux de mortalite global dans les 30 jours etait de 2,6 % (50 patients). Les issues sur 30 jours, soit les deces (p = 0,8), les AVC (p = 0,7), les infarctus du myocarde (p = 0,06), la duree de sejour (p = 0,3) et un etat a la sortie autre que le domicile (p = 0,8), etaient similaires pour tous les quintiles d'IDMS. De mame, il n'y avait pas d'association statistiquement significative entre le quintile d'IDS et les issues postoperatoires. L'analyse multivariee a montre qu'un age supe rieur a 70 ans (rapport de cotes [RC] 3,06, intervalle de confance [IC] a 95 % 1,55-6,06) et les reparations ouvertes (RC 3,22, IC a 95 % 1,59-6,52) etaient associes a une mortalite accrue dans les 30 jours, mais ni le quintile d'IDMS (p = NS) ni le quintile d'IDS (p = NS) ne l'etaient. Ces 2 variables n'avaient aucun effet sur l'analyse univa riee ou multivariee de la survie a long terme. Conclusion : Le SSE ne semble pas influencer la mortalite a court ni a long terme suivant la reparation d'un AAA realisee dans un systeme de sante public. D'autres etudes seront cependant necessaires pour examiner la presence de lacunes dans le depistage et l'orientation du patient avant la reparation.

The car is one of the few luxury items that historically is widely accepted in Germany, the land of 'discreet consumption.' This contribution draws on social science research, includes writings on popular culture, and presents examples from people and their cars in the media that give evidence of how luxury is increasingly emotionally charged, enriched, and negotiated. Cars were status symbols in Germany as a divided nation, with people in West Germany driving a Mercedes and people in the East driving a Trabant. Today, German rappers praise their 'sick' cars, and paradox Bio Germans shield their luxury body in an expensive SUV. These examples illustrate luxury consumption that aesthetically and narratively links identities to cultural heritage. The media discourse reflects the symbolic and also the increasingly affective nature of luxury, while healthy 'luxury' bodies remain in a competition for limited resources in a social context., Author(s): Brigitte Biehl [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.410722.2, 0000 0001 0198 6180, School of Popular Arts, SRH Berlin University of Applied Sciences, , Potsdamer Str., 188 10783, Berlin, Germany Introduction [...]

While some scholars suggest that critical attitudes towards inequality follow the class gradient during recessions, others find that classes are largely unresponsive. In this article, I consider how party affiliation interacts with class to shape perceptions of inequality during a recession. I argue that it is important to look at the interplay between class and partisanship to better understand individual views towards inequality during times of economic crises. Leveraging data from the International Social Survey Programme before and after The Great Recession, I find that the recession did not raise awareness of inequality across classes. This is because party affiliation moderates the relationship differently according to class. Specifically, party affiliation is more important in shaping the inequality views for the upper class and less so for the working class. Future research needs to consider the interplay between class and politics when exploring how inequality attitudes respond to economic crises. Si certains chercheurs suggerent que les attitudes critiques a l'egard de l'inegalite suivent le gradient de classe pendant les recessions, d'autres constatent que les classes ne reagissent guere. Dans cet article, j'examine comment l'affiliation a un parti interagit avec la classe sociale pour faconner les perceptions de l'inegalite pendant une recession. Je soutiens qu'il est important d'examiner l'interaction entre la classe et l'appartenance partisane pour mieux comprendre les opinions individuelles sur l'inegalite en periode de crise economique. En m'appuyant sur les donnees de l'International Social Survey Programme avant et apres la Grande Recession, je constate que la recession n'a pas augmente la conscience de l'inegalite entre les classes. Cela est du au fait que l'affiliation a un parti modere la relation differemment selon la classe. Plus precisement, l'affiliation a un parti joue un role plus important dans la formation des opinions sur l'inegalite pour la classe superieure et moins pour la classe ouvriere. Les recherches futures doivent tenir compte de l'interaction entre la classe sociale et la politique lorsqu'elles etudient la maniere dont les attitudes en matiere d'inegalite reagissent aux crises economiques., INTRODUCTION In 2008, the world faced a global financial crisis which left millions of people unemployed and many struggling with economic insecurity (Galbraith, 2014). Average incomes also stagnated or fell [...]