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14 results on '"Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski'"'

1. Human responses to environmental change on the southern coastal plain of the Caspian Sea during the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods

Author

Robin Bendrey, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, A Amini, Michael Gregg, A. Naderi Beni, Y Zha, Elena Marinova, H. Fazeli Nashli, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Golestan University, St. Francis Xavier University (StFX), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', University of Edinburgh, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography, University of Tehran, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Pleistocene, Coastal plain, Population, palaeogeography, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Middle East, Pleistocene-Holocene transition, Foothills, Younger Dryas, education, neolithization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, Mesolithic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Caspian Sea levels, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, vegetation dynamics, Ecology, Geology, 15. Life on land, Palynology, human response, Geography, Archaeology, faunal and botanical evidence
Abstract

This paper presents results of a multidisciplinary research initiative examining human responses to environmental change at the intersection of the southern coastal plain of the Caspian Sea and the foothills of the Alborz Mountains during the terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene. Our palaeo-environmental analysis of two sedimentary cores obtained from a lagoon in close proximity to four caves, occupied by human groups during the transition from hunting and gathering to food-producing ways of life in this region, confirms Charles McBurney's 1968 hypothesis that when Caspian Sea levels were high, Mesolithic hunters were reliant on seal and deer, but as water levels receded and a wide coastal plain emerged, hunters consumed a different range of herbivorous mammalian species. Palynological evidence obtained from these two cores also demonstrates that the cool and dry climatic conditions often associated with the Younger Dryas stadial do not appear to have been extreme in this region. Thus, increasingly sedentary hunting and gathering groups could have drawn on plant and animal resources from multiple ecological niches without suffering significant resource stress or reduced population levels that may have been encountered in neighbouring regions. Our analyses of botanical, faunal and archaeological remains from a recently-discovered open-air Mesolithic and aceramic Neolithic site also shows an early process of Neolithization in the southern Caspian basin, which was a very gradual, low-cost adaptation to new ways of life, with neither the abandonment of hunting and gathering, nor a climatic trigger event for the emergence of a low-level, food-producing society.

Published
2019

2. Fire hazard modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in eastern and central Europe

Author

A. Feurdean, B. Vannière, W. Finsinger, D. Warren, S. C. Connor, M. Forrest, J. Liakka, A. Panait, C. Werner, M. Andrič, P. Bobek, V. A. Carter, B. Davis, A.-C. Diaconu, E. Dietze, I. Feeser, G. Florescu, M. Gałka, T. Giesecke, S. Jahns, E. Jamrichová, K. Kajukało, J. Kaplan, M. Karpińska-Kołaczek, P. Kołaczek, P. Kuneš, D. Kupriyanov, M. Lamentowicz, C. Lemmen, E. K. Magyari, K. Marcisz, E. Marinova, A. Niamir, E. Novenko, M. Obremska, A. Pędziszewska, M. Pfeiffer, A. Poska, M. Rösch, M. Słowiński, M. Stančikaitė, M. Szal, J. Święta-Musznicka, I. Tanţău, M. Theuerkauf, S. Tonkov, O. Valkó, J. Vassiljev, S. Veski, I. Vincze, A. Wacnik, J. Wiethold, T. Hickler, Palaeo-ecologie, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut za arheologijo (ZRC SAZU), Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU - Institut za arheologijo, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut fûr Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Geography, University of Liverpool, Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Institute of Geology, University of Bern, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre [Vilnius], Department of Palaeobotany, Institute of Biology, Białystok University of Technology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, University of Sofia, Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), PAGES Global Charcoal Database, ANR-09-CEPL-0004,OBRESOC,Un observatoire rétrospectif d'une société archéologique: La trajectoire du néolithique Rubané.(2009), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', and Софийски университет = Sofia University

Subjects
KA BP, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, IMPACT, Climate, lcsh:Life, 580 Plants (Botany), 01 natural sciences, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ddc:550, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, ddc:910, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geology, Vegetation, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Management, SUMMER, Physical Sciences, CHARCOAL RECORDS, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 010506 paleontology, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, REGIMES, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Land cover, Behavior and Systematics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, MANAGEMENT, Temperate climate, Regimes, Sedimentary, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Forest floor, Science & Technology, Fire regime, Land use, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, CLIMATE, MODEL, lcsh:Geology, SEDIMENTARY, lcsh:QH501-531, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, VEGETATION, Physical geography, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Model
Abstract

Wildfire occurrence is influenced by climate, vegetation and human activities. A key challenge for understanding the risk of fires is quantifying the mediating effect of vegetation on fire regimes. Here, we explore the relative importance of Holocene land cover, land use, dominant functional forest type, and climate dynamics on biomass burning in temperate and boreo-nemoral regions of central and eastern Europe over the past 12 kyr. We used an extensive data set of Holocene pollen and sedimentary charcoal records, in combination with climate simulations and statistical modelling. Biomass burning was highest during the early Holocene and lowest during the mid-Holocene in all three ecoregions (Atlantic, continental and boreo-nemoral) but was more spatially variable over the past 3–4 kyr. Although climate explained a significant variance in biomass burning during the early Holocene, tree cover was consistently the highest predictor of past biomass burning over the past 8 kyr. In temperate forests, biomass burning was high at ∼45 % tree cover and decreased to a minimum at between 60 % and 70 % tree cover. In needleleaf-dominated forests, biomass burning was highest at ∼ 60 %–65 % tree cover and steeply declined at >65 % tree cover. Biomass burning also increased when arable lands and grasslands reached ∼ 15 %–20 %, although this relationship was variable depending on land use practice via ignition sources, fuel type and quantities. Higher tree cover reduced the amount of solar radiation reaching the forest floor and could provide moister, more wind-protected microclimates underneath canopies, thereby decreasing fuel flammability. Tree cover at which biomass burning increased appears to be driven by warmer and drier summer conditions during the early Holocene and by increasing human influence on land cover during the late Holocene. We suggest that long-term fire hazard may be effectively reduced through land cover management, given that land cover has controlled fire regimes under the dynamic climates of the Holocene.

Published
2020

3. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Juliana Atanassova, Christine M. Åkesson, Piotr Kołaczek, Marco Zanon, Kari Loe Hjelle, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Heikki Seppä, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Vachel A. Carter, James Edward Schofield, Krystyna Milecka, Iria García-Moreiras, Takeshi Nakagawa, Walter Finsinger, Willy Tinner, Castor Muñoz Sobrino, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, José Antonio López-Sáez, Elena Marinova, Philipp Stojakowits, Tatiana G. Antipina, Silvia Sabariego Ruiz, Roman Abegglen, Vlasta Jankovská, Oksana G. Zanina, Mariusz Gałka, Arsenii T. Galimov, Maria Papadopoulou, Manfred Rösch, Kevin J. Edwards, Patricia L. Fall, Basil A. S. Davis, Philipp Sommer, Elissaveta Bozilova, Ulrike Herzschuh, Verushka Valsecchi, Natalia Ryabogina, Ikuko Kitaba, Elena Novenko, Michelle Leydet, Anna Pędziszewska, Nata K. Panova, Almut Mrotzek, Donatella Magri, Eleonora Clo, Isabelle Matthias, R. Scott Anderson, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Kazimierz Tobolski, Vincent Lebreton, Leanne N. Phelps, Irina G. Gvozdeva, André F. Lotter, Nina I. Belyanina, Assunta Florenzano, William J. Fletcher, Ioan Tantau, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Roxana Grindean, Normunds Stivrins, Elena G. Lapteva, Francisca Alba-Sánchez, J. Sakari Salonen, Tatiana I. Petrenko, Tatyana V. Sapelko, Angelica Feurdean, Anna Maria Mercuri, Yuri A. Mikishin, G Furlanetto, Susanne Jahns, Cesare Ravazzi, Helena Svobodova Svitavska, Anastasia Mavridou, Carlo Alessandro Montanari, Jose Manuel Mesa-Fernández, Sampson Panajiotidis, Ruth Beer, Stéphanie Desprat, Federico Di Rita, María J. Ramos-Román, Emna Gaceur, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Olga K. Borisova, Galina Bukreeva, M. Jane Bunting, Manuel Chevalier, Achille Mauri, Maria Angela Guido, Darya A. Lopatina, César Morales-Molino, Spassimir Tonkov, Marcelina Zimny, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Sergey Ivanov, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Daniele Colombaroli, Morteza Djamali, Heather S. Pardoe, Olga D. Naidina, Margarita Tsakiridou, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of physical chemistry, Uppsala University, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (Lares-Las), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire d'Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), CNR-IDPA, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Department of Geography [Riga], Софийски университет = Sofia University, University of Portsmouth, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Avignon Université (AU), López Sáez, José Antonio, Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), University of Helsinki, and University of Sofia

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, LAKE CONSTANCE REGION, Palynology Palaeoecology Palaeoclimatology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, HUMAN IMPACT, recent pollen deposition, 580 Plants (Botany), medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 2417.10 Paleobotánica, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ddc:550, SURFACE POLLEN, SOUTHERN NORWAY, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:Environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, lcsh:GE1-350, 0303 health sciences, CLIMATE-CHANGE, GE, APUSENI NATURAL PARK, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Foundation (engineering), European pollen database, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Europe, LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM, Geography, NORTHERN IBERIAN PLATEAU, pollen, GE Environmental Sciences, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Library science, Climate change, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, neotoma, 03 medical and health sciences, Eurasian Modern Pollen Database, 2502.05 Paleoclimatología, Pollen, medicine, SIERRA-NEVADA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 030304 developmental biology, Botánica, HOLOCENE VEGETATION HISTORY, DAS, 15. Life on land, 2416.03 Palinología, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, lcsh:Geology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], MCP, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https: //doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019)., Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) 200021_169598, University of Lausanne

Published
2020

4. Treeline and timberline dynamics on the northern and southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains (Romania) during the late glacial and the Holocene

Author

Mihály Braun, Hilary H. Birks, Katalin Hubay, Ilona Pál, Walter Finsinger, Ildikó Vincze, Elena Marinova, Enikő K. Magyari, Ildikó Orbán, Gusztáv Jakab, Tamás Biró, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Department of Physiology, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), and Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ SDV.BV.BOT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Környezettudományok, 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.SA.SF ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, food, Természettudományok, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Glacial period, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, Ecology, Macrofossil, Pinus cembra, Ecotone, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], food.food, Abies alba, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Geology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

To investigate treeline and timberline dynamics in the Retezat Mountains (Romanian Carpathians), late glacial and Holocene sediment sequences from four lakes were studied. The south and north slopes of the mountain range were compared using two lakes from the north flank (Lake Brazi, 1740 m a.s.l. and Lake Gales, 1990 m a.s.l) and two from the south flank (Lake Lia, 1910 m a.s.l. and Lake Bucura, 2040 m a.s.l.). Macrofossil and stomata analyses were performed to assess changes in the local vegetation, supplemented by pollen, charcoal and loss-on-ignition analyses. Our results show that treeline reached Lake Brazi on the northern side during the late glacial (ca. 14,000 cal yr BP) and then Lake Gales between 11,000 and 10,800 cal yr BP. During the early Holocene the upper limit of closed forest, the timberline, reached and passed Lake Brazi and has stayed above it since, but it has never reached Lake Gales at 1990 m a.s.l. The expansion of Larix decidua in the late glacialand early Holocene around Lake Brazi is unique. Stomata and macrofossils of Abies alba are also more abundant in the northern records. On the southern flank, treeline reached Lake Lia at around 12,000 cal yr BP, and was either very close to or at the elevation of Lake Bucura between ca. 8600 and 3000 cal yr BP. Timberline reached Lake Lia at ca. 8000 cal yr BP, some 3000 years after Lake Brazi, only 170 m lower on the north slope. Local fire events delayed the advance of timberline around Lake Lia in the early Holocene in a dry continental climate. The surrounding forest was dominated by Picea abies with individuals of Pinus cembra and stands of P. mugo until about 3000 cal yr BP when timberline retreated below the lake. Maximum elevation of timberline was attained between ca. 8000 and 3000 cal yr BP, after which it descended in response to climate cooling. Regional climate change appears to be the main driver of treeline dynamics, but it was modified by local climatic differences due to slope aspect. The first signs of human disturbance appeared ca. 4200 cal yr BP, when naturally open areas were used as alpine pastures. Human impact in the treeline ecotone, mainly burning and grazing, was intensified after ca. 2600 cal yr BP, contributing to the widening of the ecotone and the lowering of the timberline.

Published
2018

5. Holocene treeline and timberline changes in the South Carpathians (Romania): Climatic and anthropogenic drivers on the southern slopes of the Retezat Mountains

Author

Mónika Tóth, Iosif V. Ferencz, Walter Finsinger, Tamás Biró, Claudia Dănău, Katalin Hubay, Ildikó Orbán, Elena Marinova, Gusztáv Jakab, Enikő K. Magyari, Mihály Braun, Ildikó Vincze, Hilary H. Birks, Ilona Pál, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Department of Physiology, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ SDV.BV.BOT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.SA.SF ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, food, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Természettudományok, Pinus mugo, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Global and Planetary Change, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, biology, Paleontology, Picea abies, Pinus cembra, Vegetation, Ecotone, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Krummholz, biology.organism_classification, Földtudományok, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], food.food, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Juniperus communis, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

Two high-altitude lake-sediment sequences (Lake Lia, 1910 m a.s.l. and Lake Bucura, 2040 m a.s.l.) from the Retezat Mountains (South Carpathians, Romania) were analysed using multi-proxy methods to study responses of treeline, timberline and alpine/subalpine vegetation to climate change and human impact during the past 16,000 years. Woody species ( Pinus mugo, Pinus cembra, Picea abies and Juniperus communis) reached Lake Lia between 12,000 and 11,800 cal. yr BP, whereas P. mugo colonised the shores of Lake Bucura at 9600 cal. yr BP. Lake Lia was in the timberline ecotone between 8000 and 3200 cal. yr BP, in semi-open P. cembra and Picea abies woodland, probably mixed with P. mugo on the steeper slopes. Lake Bucura was surrounded by the upper part of the krummholz zone during the mid-Holocene. The increase in P. cembra after c. 6000 cal. yr BP around Lake Lia suggests that the composition of the timberline forest changed. The disappearance of P. cembra and Picea abies around Lake Lia at ~3000 cal. yr BP reflects descent of the timberline. A large mean July temperature decline between 3300 and 2800 cal. yr BP may have driven or at least contributed to the descent of the Picea abies–P. cembra forests. An increase in human indicator pollen types in Lake Bucura around 4200 cal. yr BP may reflect human impact in the naturally open alpine zone in the Late Bronze Age. In contrast, human impact likely appeared considerably later, around 2650 cal. yr BP (Early Iron Age) around Lake Lia in the upper subalpine zone. Human impact likely intensified after 2200 cal. yr BP at both sites that resulted in the lowering of the krummholz zone. We conclude that climate change and human impact both played an important role in the lowering of the treeline and timberline in the late-Holocene.

Published
2017

6. L’établissement d’Acic-Suat (commune de Baia, département de Tulcea). Méthodologie d’une enquête pluridisciplinaire

Author

Baralis, Alexandre, Lungu, Vasilica, Dupont, Pierre, Bastide, Maguelone, Bony, Guenaëlle, Caraire, Gabriel, Comfort, Anthony, Delfieu, René, Guy, Max, Jubeau, Thomas, David, Kaniewski, Lebouteiller, Pascal, Marinova, Elena, Montagne-Perruchon, Blandine, Morhange, Christophe, Musat-Streinu, Alina, Popova, Tzvetana, Petrescu, Mihai, Ingrid, Rossignol, Slavova, Ivanka, Streinu, Marius, Sternberg, Myriam, Département des Antiquités grecques, étrusques et romaines (AGER), Louvre, Romanian Academy Research (ROMANIA), Archéologie et Archéométrie (ArAr), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Nanterre - Département d'histoire de l'art et d'archéologie, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AnalyseGC (AGC), University of Exeter, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), l'Institut Français d'Etudes Anatoliennes (IFEA), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Bucarest, Institut national d’archéologie et musée, Sofia, Bulgarie, Institutul de Cercetări Eco-Muzeale 'Gavrilă Simion' Tulcea (ICEM), Université Saint-Clément d'Ochrid, Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, LABORATOIRE ARAR Archéologie et Archéométrie, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', and Institutul de Cercetări Eco-Muzeale 'Gavrilă Simion'

Subjects
Dobroudja, mer Noire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Archéologie grecque et romaine, colonisation grecque, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

7. Crop manuring and intensive land management by Europe's first farmers

Author

Amy Bogaard, László Bartosiewicz, Marguerita Schäfer, Tim H.E. Heaton, Michael Wallace, Armelle Gardeisen, Richard P. Evershed, Marie Kanstrup, Amy Styring, Elena Marinova, Niels H. Andersen, Elisabeth Stephan, Ursula Maier, Rose-Marie Arbogast, Michael Charles, Rebecca Fraser, Petra Vaiglova, Lazar Ninov, Glynis Jones, NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey (BGS), Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University (JCU)-School of Marine and Tropical Biology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford [Oxford]-University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Molecular Biosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Stockholm University, Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes (ASM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), UFZHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), and École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, 010506 paleontology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, husbandry, Land management, Social Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Prehistory, Crop, Agricultural science, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Ecosystem, Herding, History, Ancient, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, agriculture, 2. Zero hunger, Herbivore, Multidisciplinary, Farmers, 060102 archaeology, Agroforestry, business.industry, Crop yield, food and beverages, Agriculture, 06 humanities and the arts, Zooarchaeology, 15. Life on land, paleodiet, prehistoric, Europe, Geography, Archaeology, business, Edible Grain
Abstract

The spread of farming from western Asia to Europe had profound long-term social and ecological impacts, but identification of the specific nature of Neolithic land management practices and the dietary contribution of early crops has been problematic. Here, we present previously undescribed stable isotope determinations of charred cereals and pulses from 13 Neolithic sites across Europe (dating ca. 5900–2400 cal B.C.), which show that early farmers used livestock manure and water management to enhance crop yields. Intensive manuring inextricably linked plant cultivation and animal herding and contributed to the remarkable resilience of these combined practices across diverse climatic zones. Critically, our findings suggest that commonly applied paleodietary interpretations of human and herbivore δ15N values have systematically underestimated the contribution of crop-derived protein to early farmer diets. ispartof: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol:110 issue:30 pages:1-6 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2013

8. A comparison of Early Neolithic crop and weed assemblages from the Linearbandceramic and the Karanovo culture

Author

Angela Kreuz, Marinova, E., Schäfer, E., Julian Wiethold, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Gronenborn D., Petrasch J., Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives ( INRAP ), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] ( ARTeHiS ), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Desbois-Garcia, Sophie

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Carpologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

9. Predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes

Author

T I Harrison-Prentice, Janelle Stevenson, Sandy P. Harrison, Colin J. Long, Jennifer R. Marlon, Hermann Behling, Lydie M Dupont, Scott Mooney, Douglas J. Hallett, Elin Norström, Christopher Carcaillet, Fumitaka Katamura, Natasha L. Williams, K. J. Brown, Frank H. Neumann, Hikaru Takahara, John Dodson, Sergey K. Krivonogov, Patrick J. Bartlein, Willy Tinner, C. Paitre, Florian Thevenon, G.M. Mckenzie, Donna D'Costa, M.P. Black, Aurélie Genries, Patricio I. Moreno, Iain Colin Prentice, Mitchell J. Power, Zewdu Eshetu, Geoffrey Hope, Patrick Moss, Lisa M. Kennedy, Elena Marinova, Simon Haberle, Megan K. Walsh, T.G. Kassa, Verushka Valsecchi, Sally P. Horn, Pierre Friedlingstein, Neil Roberts, Louis Scott, Valery T. Terwilliger, Daniel G. Gavin, Eric A. Colhoun, Rebecca Turner, Kenji Izumi, Peter Kershaw, Juliana Atanassova, Guy Robinson, Basil A. S. Davis, Maja Andrič, Yunlin Zhang, Donatella Magri, Naoko Sasaki, Anne-Laure Daniau, Olivier Blarquez, Scott Brewer, Damien Rius, Jun Inoue, Boris Vannière, Daniele Colombaroli, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol [Bristol], Department of Geography, University of Oregon [Eugene], School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], Grantham Institute for Climate Change and Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Botany Department, University of Wyoming ( UW ), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] ( EMPS ), University of Exeter, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Newton St. Cyres, Osaka University [Osaka], University of Wisconsin-Madison [Madison], School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences ( UNSW - BEES ), University of New South Wales [Sydney] ( UNSW ), Utah Museum of Natural History, Department of Geography, University of Utah, University of Utah, Department of Archaeology and Natural History, Australian National University ( ANU ), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research ( OCCR ), University of Bern, Institute of Archaeology, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Department of Botany, Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Albrecht-von-Haller-Inst. for Plant Sciences, Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie ( CBAE ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Canadian Forest Service, Victoria, British Columbia, Paléoenvironnement et chronoécologie UMR 5059-CNRS/Montpellier II/EPHE ( PALECO ), École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ), School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Institute of Environment, Science and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University [Clayton], Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, MARUM, Universität Bremen Postfach, Department of Paleoanthropology and Paleoenvironment, University of Addis Ababa, Department of Archaeology and Natural History ( RSPS ), Biogeoscience Institute, University of Calgary, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Seminar of Geography and Education, University of Cologne, Tokushu Kosho Gijutsu Inc, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, United Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( SB RAS ), Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity and Department of Ecological Sciences, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Department of Planning and Environmental Management, School of Geography, The University of Queensland, Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontology, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] ( WITS ), Forschungsstelle für Paläobotanik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ( WWU ), Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Département de Géographie et Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Geography, University of Plymouth, Department of Natural Sciences, Fordham College at Lincoln Center, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State [South Africa], Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 ( ISTO ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Kansas [Lawrence] ( KU ), Forel Institute, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Pedagogic Research Institute and Observatory, University of Plymouth, Central Washington University, Natural Resources Policy Section, NSW Department of Premier and Cabinet, Institute of Botany, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), School of Geographical Sciences [Bristol], University of Wyoming (UW), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] (EMPS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Sydney] (BEES), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Australian National University (ANU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie (CBAE), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléoenvironnement et chronoécologie UMR 5059-CNRS/Montpellier II/EPHE (PALECO), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Addis Ababa University (AAU), Department of Archaeology and Natural History (RSPS), Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, Fordham University [New York], Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), University of the Free State [South Africa] (UFS), Kyoto Prefectural University (KPU), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)

Subjects
biomass burning, 010506 paleontology, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, temperature changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, deglaciation, 01 natural sciences, sedimentary charcoal records, ddc:550, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Environmental Chemistry, Predictability, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Biomass burning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Fire regime, Moisture, Holocene, Global warming, 15. Life on land, Sedimentary charcoal, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, [ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, climate controls on fire, holocene
Abstract

Climate is an important control on biomass burning, but the sensitivity of fire to changes in temperature and moisture balance has not been quantified. We analyze sedimentary charcoal records to show that the changes in fire regime over the past 21,000 yrs are predictable from changes in regional climates. Analyses of paleo- fire data show that fire increases monotonically with changes in temperature and peaks at intermediate moisture levels, and that temperature is quantitatively the most important driver of changes in biomass burning over the past 21,000 yrs. Given that a similar relationship between climate drivers and fire emerges from analyses of the interannual variability in biomass burning shown by remote-sensing observations of month-by-month burnt area between 1996 and 2008, our results signal a serious cause for concern in the face of continuing global warming. ispartof: Global Biogeochemical Cycles vol:26 issue:4 status: published

10. Duration of antibody response to the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 in infected or vaccinated individuals - A one year retrospective cohort study.

Author

Pasev M, Trifonova A, Velichkov A, and Terzieva V

Subjects
Humans, Retrospective Studies, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Aged, Vaccination, Antibody Formation immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Antibodies, Viral blood, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Immunoglobulin G blood, Immunoglobulin G immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology
Abstract

The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic raised many scientific and medical questions. Of interest are the duration and effectiveness of the humoral immune response, especially since part of the pandemic occurred in the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We retrospectively studied 564 serum samples from 393 post-infected and vaccinated individuals to investigate the longevity and magnitude of the anti-spike IgG response. Our results showed that SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG antibodies are retained for nine-twelve months, in both groups. In the vaccinated group we found higher IgG levels, but with a steeper decrease in titer over the study period. The recovered group's antibody levels correlated well with the national infection trendline for 2021. Both groups showed different, but distinct neutralizing capabilities towards RBD. The anti-Spike IgG response was sustained and efficient, independently of the triggering event, infection or vaccination, with the adaptive capacity against new viral variants being more valuable after infection., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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11. Combination of two rare mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 M gene in patients with severe and prolonged COVID-19.

Author

Trifonova A, Syarov A, Takov S, Angelov K, Vazharova R, and Terzieva V

Subjects
Humans, Mutation, Retrospective Studies, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 genetics
Abstract

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus significantly changed our knowledge about coronaviruses. The interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the human host, the infection ranges from asymptomatic to lethal, and differences in the degree of disease severity are important examples., Methods: In this retrospective study, 24 nasopharyngeal swabs from 21 out of 457 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were analysed by whole-genome sequencing. The principal selection criteria were the duration of infection and disease severity., Results: Two co-occurring rare mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 M gene were detected in six samples. Three of these samples were collected from an immunocompromised patient with fatal outcome, two from an immunocompetent patient, and one from a patient with severe disease and fatal outcome, all with a prolonged course of infection., Conclusions: Although this interesting finding was demonstrated in a small number of patients, the results increase the knowledge regarding the significance of mutations in the M gene of SARS-CoV-2 in the context of persistent infection and viral escape mechanisms.

Published
2023
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12. Decreased ratio of FOXP3 + /FOXP3 - CD45RA + CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood is associated with unexplained infertility and ART failure.

Author

Velichkov A, Susurkova R, Muhtarova M, Guenova M, Muylder BC, Cheynier R, Nikolov G, Konova E, and Terzieva V

Subjects
Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Immune Tolerance, Leukocyte Common Antigens metabolism, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Forkhead Transcription Factors metabolism, Infertility metabolism, Infertility pathology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory metabolism
Abstract

Unexplained infertility has a huge social impact and is a significant challenge for both clinicians and researchers. Previous studies have shown the involvement of multiple factors in infertility. Among these, the subset of regulatory T cells is of particular interest for the maternal tolerance towards the semi-allogenic fetus. We investigated circulating CD45RA + regulatory and non-regulatory CD4 + T cells in healthy women and patients with unexplained infertility in the context of thymic output and peripheral proliferation. The proportion of FOXP3 + and FOXP3 - CD45RA + CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood was studied in control groups of healthy parous and nulliparous (never-pregnant) women and in patients with unexplained infertility. In the same groups thymic output and peripheral proliferation were defined by the sj/βTREC ratio, and signal joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTREC) and Ki67 expression, respectively. In parous women a decrease in sjTREC/10 5 cells and CD45RA + T lymphocytes, compared to nulliparous group was found. At the same time, the proportion of FOXP3 - CD45RA + CD4 + cells, but not FOXP3 + CD45RA + Tregs was reduced. In contrast, in patients with unsuccessful pregnancy, proportions of both regulatory and non-regulatory T cell counterparts were lower. Taken together, our results provide evidence for group-specific properties in the CD45RA + T cell compartment between healthy parous, nulliparous and women with unexplained infertility., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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13. An Incidental Finding of Heart Echinococcosis in a Patient with Infective Endocarditis: a Case Report.

Author

Gencheva DG, Menchev DN, Penchev DK, and Tokmakova MP

Subjects
Aged, Aortic Valve Insufficiency complications, Aortic Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Atrial Fibrillation complications, Cellulitis complications, Chronic Disease, Echinococcosis complications, Echocardiography, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Endocarditis complications, Fatal Outcome, Heart Failure complications, Humans, Hypertension, Pulmonary complications, Hypertension, Pulmonary diagnostic imaging, Male, Mitral Valve Stenosis complications, Mitral Valve Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Prosthesis-Related Infections complications, Staphylococcal Infections complications, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency complications, Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Echinococcosis diagnostic imaging, Endocarditis diagnostic imaging, Heart Atria diagnostic imaging, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Incidental Findings, Mitral Valve, Prosthesis-Related Infections diagnostic imaging, Staphylococcal Infections diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Echinococcosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasitic disease caused by infection with the larval stage of tapeworms from the Echinococcus genus, most commonly Echinococcus granulosus. According to WHO, more than 1 million people are affected by hydatid disease at any time.1 About 10% of the annual cases are not officially diagnosed.2 In humans, the disease is characterized by development of three-layered cysts. The cysts develop primarily in the liver and the lungs, but can also affect any other organ due to the spreading of the oncospheres. Cardiac involvement is very uncommon - only about 0.01-2% of all cases.4,5 In most cases, the cysts develop asymptomatically, but heart cysts could manifest with chest pain, dyspnea, cough, hemophtisis and can complicate with rupture. Diagnosis is based on a number of imaging techniques and positive serological tests. Treatment for cardiac localization is almost exclusively surgical. We present a case of an incidental finding of an echinococcal cyst in the left atrium (rarest possible localization of heart echinococcosis) in a patient, admitted for infective endocarditis.

Published
2017
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14. Ensuring Effective Prevention of Iodine Deficiency Disorders.

Author

Völzke H, Caron P, Dahl L, de Castro JJ, Erlund I, Gaberšček S, Gunnarsdottir I, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A, Ittermann T, Ivanova L, Karanfilski B, Khattak RM, Kusić Z, Laurberg P, Lazarus JH, Markou KB, Moreno-Reyes R, Nagy EV, Peeters RP, Pīrāgs V, Podoba J, Rayman MP, Rochau U, Siebert U, Smyth PP, Thuesen BH, Troen A, Vila L, Vitti P, Zamrazil V, and Zimmermann MB

Subjects
Diet, Europe, Health Care Costs, Humans, Hypothyroidism epidemiology, Hypothyroidism prevention & control, International Cooperation, Iodine adverse effects, Iodine therapeutic use, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Preventive Medicine economics, Preventive Medicine methods, Research Design, Iodine deficiency, Thyroid Diseases epidemiology, Thyroid Diseases prevention & control
Abstract

Background: Programs initiated to prevent iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) may not remain effective due to changes in government policies, commercial factors, and human behavior that may affect the efficacy of IDD prevention programs in unpredictable directions. Monitoring and outcome studies are needed to optimize the effectiveness of IDD prevention., Summary: Although the need for monitoring is compelling, the current reality in Europe is less than optimal. Regular and systematic monitoring surveys have only been established in a few countries, and comparability across the studies is hampered by the lack of centralized standardization procedures. In addition, data on outcomes and the cost of achieving them are needed in order to provide evidence of the beneficial effects of IDD prevention in countries with mild iodine deficiency., Conclusion: Monitoring studies can be optimized by including centralized standardization procedures that improve the comparison between studies. No study of iodine consumption can replace the direct measurement of health outcomes and the evaluation of the costs and benefits of the program. It is particularly important that health economic evaluation should be conducted in mildly iodine-deficient areas and that it should include populations from regions with different environmental, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.

Published
2016
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