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The efficacy of vocational teachers' utilisation of digital technology in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 remains a pressing concern that necessitates pragmatic resolutions. Social support and infrastructure are the leading causes of the limited technological self-efficacy of digital technology practices. This research seeks to examine the impact of infrastructure and social support through technological self-efficacy on vocational teachers' digital technology practices during the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The research employed a quantitative approach and ex-post-facto methods, involving 207 vocational teacher respondents. The data was analysed using structural equation modelling techniques, namely path analysis and bootstrapping approaches. The inquiry results indicate that technological self-efficacy acts as a mediator of digital technology practices, with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.05. The relationship between social support for digital technology practices and technology self-efficacy is mediated by an estimate of 0.089 with a p-value of 0.019. Similarly, the relationship between infrastructure for digital technology practices and technology self-efficacy is mediated by an estimate of 0.250 with a p-value of 0.000. A comprehensive analysis of variables, including their direct, indirect, and total effects, revealed a considerable influence of the variables included in the study. After analysing the features of each respondent, a p-value < 0.05 was achieved, indicating a significant influence between the variables evaluated. It suggests that the relationship between the variables can be broadly applied to the characteristics of each respondent. Enhancing digital technology practices in vocational education requires increased efforts from educational institutions and the government.

This study aims to elaborate the structural model of factors affecting access to digital technology in the context of vocational school teachers (VSTs) based on their geographical areas (urban and suburban). We used surveys for data collection; the instrument was translated, piloted, and validated. For the analysis, we utilized two partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) main procedures, measurement, and structural model. Effect sizes (f[superscript 2]) and coefficient determination (R[superscript 2]) supported the relationship assessment of the structural model. The validity and reliability of the scale (urban and suburban) were valid and reliable based on the measurement model. Nine significant relationships were confirmed, perceived by urban and suburban teachers respectively. Meanwhile, one hypothesis was rejected. Urban teachers perceived stronger correlations than suburban teachers. By elaborating on the proposed model's path analyses, this research can enhance the understanding of access to digital technology, especially in the context of vocational education in developing countries.

Ensuring teacher effectiveness within higher education contexts continues to shape institutional policy discourse and practice. However, there is limited research exploring how assessment practices correspond with teachers' and students' perceptions of teacher effectiveness, particularly in vocational higher education settings. Acknowledging the complexities of assessing vocational competence and the dearth of literature exploring teacher and student views on vocational assessment practices, this study interrogates the perceptions of 13 teachers and 15 students from five Indonesian vocational higher education institutions to better understand what constitutes "fair assessment" as an aspect of effective teaching. This study examines how teachers and students are positioned within the assessment process and the existing opportunities to make decisions regarding assessment design and processes. It shows (i) discrepancies in teachers' and students' perceptions of student positionality within assessment processes; (ii) blurry lines between ideas of 'assessment contract' and 'assessment practice'; and (iii) contested views on student learning processes and attitudes as attributes of vocational competence. The study illuminates the tensions between students' and teachers' positionality within assessment practices, highlighting the need for increased student participation while maintaining teachers' desire to make assessment decisions.

This community service aims to foster IMTAQ (Faith and Piety) and IPTEK (Science and Technology) in the pesantren (Islamic boarding school) region of Cianjur Regency, West Java. The focus of the community service is on how pesantren can integrate modern technology to strengthen religious and academic education. The methods applied in this service involved a participatory approach and collaboration with relevant parties. The results showed that the integration of technology in pesantren not only improves the quality of learning but also facilitates the balanced development of student's character in both IMTAQ and IPTEK. This study highlighted the importance of training and capacity building for educators and the need for policies that support the wise use of technology in the pesantren environment. The community service had successfully demonstrated the transformative potential of integrating faith-based education with modern technological advancements. Through a series of targeted interventions and collaborative efforts, the project achieved several significant outcomes. Thus, pesantren can become a model of education that combines traditional values with technological advancements to produce a generation that is both religious and knowledgeable.

In recent years, the agriculture practices have seen a growing interest in innovative technologies aimed at enhancing productivity while promoting sustainability. Nano-biofertilizers, a novel approach to crop nutrition, have emerged as a potential game-changer. This study is aimed comprehensively to uncover the potential and current utilization status of nano-biofertilizers in soil health improvement and sustainable enhancement of crop productivity. The methodology used in this study involved the application of systematic literature review (SLR) methods in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review focused on scientific literature published from 2013 to 2023, utilizing databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed. A total of 631 articles were identified through this process. Out of this pool, 10 articles were chosen based on their relevance and topic and they underwent a comprehensive and detailed review. The results showed that use of nano-biofertilizers improves the soil health, plant growth, and productivity significantly. The biological selenium nanoparticles (100 mg/mL) significantly increased the length and weight of spike, root, and shoot, grain quantity in spike, and 1000 grain weight by 5%–40% compared to control. Comamonas testosteroni biofertilizer combined with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could alleviate the salinity threatening plant growth. Nano-biofertilizers enhance plant growth, elevate their nutritional value, improve productivity, extend shelf life, and bolster their defenses against biotic and abiotic stress factors.

The Language Center offers standardized tests for Arabic and English in the form of IKLA and TOEC exams. When conducted on paper, they are corrected manually and can have problems such as being less efficient, effective, and accurate. This research aims to design an online test application for TOEC/IKLA that can overcome these problems. This research uses a specific method called a waterfall. The research stages include needs analysis, design, implementation, and testing. A need analysis is carried out to understand the necessity of the application from the user’s perspective. Design is carried out to produce an application design that meets user needs. Implementation is carried out to build applications according to the design that has been created. Testing is carried out to ensure that the application can function properly and meet user needs. The research results show that the designed TOEC/IKLA online test application can overcome the problems found in the manual TOEC/IKLA test. This application can provide more efficient, effective, and accurate exam services. This application is a new and better service that UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta delivers for everyone, whether internal or external test takers. This application can even be utilized by other institutions that require online examination services. Abstrak Tes standar untuk bahasa Arab dan Inggris ditawarkan oleh Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa (P2B) dalam bentuk ujian IKLA dan TOEC. Ketika dilakukan di atas kertas, tes tersebut dikoreksi secara manual dan memiliki beberapa masalah seperti kurang efisien, efektif, dan akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini fokus pada merancang sebuah aplikasi tes online TOEC/IKLA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode khusus yang disebut waterfall. Model pengembangan waterfall terdiri dari tahap analisis kebutuhan, desain, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Analisis kebutuhan dilakukan untuk memahami kebutuhan aplikasi dari sudut pandang pengguna. Desain dilakukan untuk menghasilkan rancangan aplikasi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Implementasi dilakukan untuk membangun aplikasi sesuai dengan desain yang telah dibuat. Pengujian dilakukan untuk memastikan aplikasi dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa system aplikasi ujian online TOEC/IKLA ini merupakan layanan baru yang disediakan P2B UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta untuk semua orang, baik peserta ujian internal maupun eksternal. Desain system aplikasi ujian TOEC/IKLA online dikembangkan sesuai dengan tahap pengembangan. Namun, belum dilakukan pengujian untuk melihat efisiensi, efektifitas dan akurasi karena keterbatasan penulis. Oleh karena itu rekomendasi penelitian lebih lanjut tentang system aplikasi ini untuk melihat efektivatas, efisiensi, dan akurasi secara lebih valid. Rancangan ini juga dapat dimanfaatkan oleh institusi lain yang membutuhkan layanan ujian secara online.

Family law systems in different countries significantly differ between marriage and divorce regulations. This research aims to compare the family law systems in several selected countries and analyze the marriage and divorce regulations in these countries. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. At the same time, primary and secondary data are obtained from literature studies where the retrieval process is from various trusted sources such as journals, books, and legal regulations. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis of research methods by collecting data after the actual data is compiled, processed, and analyzed to provide an overview of the existing problems. The results show that the selected countries, namely the United States, France, and Indonesia, have different marriage requirements, divorce proceedings, property division, and child custody regulations. An in-depth discussion of these differences provides a better understanding of the family law system in each country and its implications for individuals involved in the marriage and divorce process. This research concludes that comparing family law systems in different countries opens up room for developing better regulations to protect the interests of individuals and families in the context of marriage and divorce.

Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi adalah meningkatnya tekanan darah sistoliknya di atas 140 mmHg sedangkan diastole nya di atas 90 mmHg. Hipertensi memiliki masalah pada hemodinamik.Usaha yang dilakukan untuk menstabilkan hemodinamik adalah dengan foot reflexology dan aromaterapi. Tujuan Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kombinasi foot reflexology dan aromaterapi dapat menstabilkan hemodinamik pada pasien hipertensi. Metode Studi kasus ini menggunakan studi dekriptif dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan kepada 2 pasien hipertensi. Intervensi ini dilakukan selama 7 hari. Implementasi pertama yang dilakukan yaitu aromaterapi. 3 tetes wewangian diteteskan pada bola kapas dan ditempelkan pada kerah pasien selama 20 menit. Setelah itu, sambil melakukan aromaterapi dilakukan Foot reflexology. Foot reflexology dilakukan dengan posisi klien duduk kemudian akupresur diterapkan pada sisi plantar kaki kanan pada tulang metatarsal pertama sekitar 1-1,5 cm proksimal sendiri metatarsophalangeal pertama, tekanan diberikan menggunakan ruas jari telunjuk kanan (bagian dorsal sendi interphalangeal proksimal dalam posisi menekuk) secara tegak lurus dan ditahan selama 15 detik kemudian dilepaskan selama 5 detik. Siklus ini dilakukan selama lima kali selama total 2 menit. Dilakukan pengukuran nilai hemodinamik pada hari ke-4 dan ke-7. Setelah dilakukan tindakan foot reflexology dan aromaterapi didapatkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah pada kedua pasien mengalami penurunan tekanan darah pada subjek I dari 159/80 mmHg menjadi 145/60 mmHg, subjek II dari 155/91 mmHg menjadi 140/69 mmHg. Pengukuran nadi subjek I dari 102 x/menit menjadi 75 x/menit subjek II 105 x/menit menjadi 77 x/menit. Pernafasan subjek I dari 24 menjadi 16 subjek II dari 23 menjadi 17. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan pada kedua subjek tersebut yang telah dilakukan implementasi foot reflexology dan aromaterapi yaitu mengalami penurunan hemodinamik.

Understanding the treatment of leachate mediated by the development of anaerobic sludge makes it possible to create an effective design process of biodegradation technology. This study used an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor equipped with a gas–liquid-solid separator to capture CH4 for treating landfill leachate to improve understanding of methanogenesis kinetics of organic matter. The performance of UASB was able to remove 154.75 g/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD) content of the leachate originally anticipated to emit 2.99 L of CH4 production into the atmosphere. The trend in the variation of internal mass transfer (IMT) factor was close to the global mass transfer factor; however, it was far higher than that of external mass transfer (EMT) factor. After 30 days of the experiment, methanogenesis kinetics of organic matter of the leachate were supported mainly by the breakdown of complex molecules. The rate-limiting step of CH4 desorption was controlled by IMT at the beginning and then by EMT after 30 days of the experiment. The strongly decreased EMT factor was counterbalanced by an increased value of the IMT factor at before 5 days of the experiment. It would be of interest to predict the methanogenesis kinetics of CH4 desorption using the Generalized Fulazzaky equations, which cannot be evaluated using other models. Analysis of the methanogenesis kinetics of organic matter of the leachate provides a new insight into the performance of UASB reactor, which may contribute to advanced treatment of landfill leachate in the future.

Although it has widely been applied in human applications for therapeutic purposes, the use of fermented herbal products to improve growth performance in broiler chickens is still disputable. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of fermented versus unfermented herbal products in improving the growth performance, breast meat quality, and small intestinal morphology of broiler chickens and to determine the optimal conditions according to meta-analysis and response surface methodology. The database was developed based on 23 articles comprising 123 data points collected in 2023. The metadata was analysed using OpenMEE and R, with the inclusion of fermented herbal products as fixed factors and individual studies as random factors. The optimal dosage was determined using response surface methodology (RSM). A significant difference (p

This study aims to analyze the specialization of online shopping for college students using descriptive analysis techniques. The sample used is 195 respondents using the total sampling technique. The student learned many things about economics and business. With e-commerce, this should be an opportunity to apply what has been learned in practice. These students can start by opening an online business. But they prefer to use e-commerce to buy specific items rather than sell products. The results showed that the categorization of student specialization (1) based on the device used to access e-commerce applications was a smartphone (android) as much as 84.10%; (2) by product category is fashion 45.64%; (3) the intensity of shopping frequency not less than three times a month is 51.79%; (4) based on the monthly budget in online shopping is less than one hundred thousand rupiahs is as much as 56.92%; (5) frequently used application is Shopee 72.31%, and (6) payment transaction system using Cash on Delivery (COD) as much as 72.31%.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of macroalgae Chaetomorpha vieillardii as an in vitro candidate for bio-anthelmintic. Adult Worm Motility Test (AWMT) was conducted at concentration levels of 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, and 6 mg/mL of C. vieillardii ethanol extract on 150 female H. contortus worms, randomly divided into 6 treatments with 5 replications, using a two way completely randomized factorial design. 0.9% sodium chloride was used as a negative control, and albendazole at 0.5 and 2 mg/mL served as positive controls. Worm motility observations were performed at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and subsequent time intervals until 100% of the worms were deceased. The identical treatment was applied to the egg hatching inhibiting test (EHIT) using a completely randomized design in a one-way pattern by observing the number of eggs at 0 and 24 hours. The results showed that the concentration level of C. vieillardii ethanol extract and the observation time significantly influenced (P

In the last decade, vocational education in Indonesia has experienced problems in making career decisions for students, which was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this research aims to examine the role of self-efficacy and mediate digital literacy, social environment, and counselling guidance in influencing career decision-making. This is an ex-post-facto research design with data collected from a sample of 566 vocational education students in Indonesia through a questionnaire method distributed online using Google Form. The collected data was then analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) with path analysis and bootstrap methods. The results revealed that self-efficacy plays a vital role in mediating digital literacy and guiding students in career decision-making. On the other hand, digital literacy, guidance, and counselling have a significant direct effect on self-efficacy and career decision-making. Meanwhile, the social environment only has a significant direct effect on students' career decision-making. The real role of all elements of vocational education in strengthening self-efficacy, growing digital literacy, monitoring social environment interactions, and providing counselling guidance to students is needed to increase optimism and the quality of career decision-making in vocational education.

This study aims to investigate the readiness to change the status of the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) to become a State Islamic University (UIN) from the aspect of Lecturer Human Resources (HRlecturer) and Education Personnel. The research location is IAIN KHAS Jember, now transformed into the State Islamic University of Kiai Achmad Siddiq Jember, East Java, Indonesia. We used the qualitative research method to examine the condition of natural objects where the researcher was the critical instrument; data source collection was based on observations, interviews, and documentation studies. Participants in the study comprised 25 people, including 15 lecturers and ten education staff. The findings reveal three main points. (1) The urgent need for studying the readiness to change the status of IAIN to UIN from the aspect of human resources for lecturers and education staff. It can be seen from many institutions experiencing the same obstacles and challenges that require providing motivation and major changes from a multidimensional perspective, strengthening vision, mission, and goals. (2) The relationship between the two, both theoretically and empirically, is related to HR management. (3) The design framework involves planning, human resource mapping, evaluation stages, and implications for IAIN progress toward UIN as reference material in human resource development. As a supervisor and policyholder, the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia (RI) is expected to support the development of human resources in higher education per the needs fairly and wisely.

The students' explaining skill is interrelated with their conceptual understanding. This study aimed to determine the effect of the implementation of the student facilitator and explaining model assisted by the media game on the students' explaining skills related to environmental pollution. This quasi-experimental research was using a pre-test post-test control group design. The population was 120 seventh graders of state junior high schools in West Java, Indonesia. The simple random sampling technique has resulted in two groups (control and experiment) samples, consisting of 32 students for each group. The data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. This study found that the student facilitator and explaining model assisted by the media game can significantly improve students' explaining skills (p-value 0.001 < 0.05). The students in the experimental group had a better understanding of the concept of environmental pollution. This study concludes that the student facilitator and explaining model assisted by the media games can improve students' explaining skills and understanding of environmental pollution

Utilizing of 5G technology has become a major focus in the development of more advanced and efficient telecommunications networks. In this context, 5G coverage prediction becomes an important aspect in network planning to ensure optimal user experience. In this study, we explore the use of Random Forest algorithm to predict 5G coverage, with special emphasis on the hyperparameter optimization process to improve model performance. We conduct experiments with various hyperparameter combinations, including 'max_depth', 'max_features', 'min_samples_leaf', 'min_samples_split', and 'n_estimators', using hyperparameter optimization techniques. The results show that by paying attention to the optimal combination of hyperparameters, we managed to significantly improve the performance of the model. The optimized model produces a Minimum Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.6, which is much better than the Random Forest model without hyperparameter optimization which has an RMSE of 1.14. The result of this study confirms the importance of the hyperparameter optimization process in improving the accuracy and consistency of the Random Forest model for 5G coverage prediction. The results have important implications in supporting the development of a successful 5G network infrastructure in the future.