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In this paper, we propose a new complexity computation based on the complex function. This measure exploits the dispersion Lempel–Ziv complexity (DLZC) and the dispersion statistical complexity measure based on Jensen–Shannon divergence (DCJS) of the analytic signal and constructs the binary complex function, called complex number complexity (CNC). The statistical measure depicts the complex system from different angle and mines more potential information. Through simulation experiments, we prove that the proposed method is able to detect data fluctuations more sensitively and accurately. For an application, the CNC is applied to fault detection which has different fault diameters and rotational speeds. The results deliver that the CNC measure can well represent the complexity of faulty bearings and has significant differences in any two fault types. The technique is effective to characterize different fault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Male reproductive dysfunction is a clinical disease, with a large number of cases being idiopathic. Reproductive disorders have been found in obese (diet-induced obesity and diet-induced obesity-resistant) mice, but the mechanism behind the male reproductive dysfunction between them may be different. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible role and mechanism of miR-34c on sperm production in high-fat-diet-induced obesity-resistant (DIO-R) mice and GC-1 spg cells, which may differ from those in high-fat-diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to establish the DIO and DIO-R mouse model. GC-1 spg cells were used to verify the mechanism of miR-34c on sperm production. During in vivo experiments, sperm production damage was found in both DIO and DIO-R male mice. Compared to the control mice, significantly decreased levels of testosterone, LH, activities of acrosome enzyme (ACE), HAse, and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) were found in both DIO and DIO-R male mice (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) in the DIO group was significantly decreased, and the expression level of cleaved caspase-3 was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Bcl-2 protein expression level in the testes of the DIO-R group significantly decreased (p < 0.05). However, the Bax expression level increased. Thus, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio significantly decreased (p < 0.01); however, the factor-related apoptosis (Fas), Fas ligand (FasLG), cleaved caspase-8, caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the DIO group, in DIO-R mice, the activities of ACE, ATF1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-2/Bax's spermatogenesis protein expression decreased, while the apoptosis-promoting protein expression significantly increased (p < 0.05). During the in vitro experiment, the late and early apoptotic ratio in the miR-34c over-expression group increased. MiR-34c over-expression enhanced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Fas/FasLG and Bax/Bcl-2 while inhibiting the expression of ATF1 and the sperm-associated protein in GC-1 spg cells. DIO and DIO-R could harm sperm production. DIO-R could impair sperm production by inducing the miR-34c-activated apoptosis and spermatogenesis pathway, which may be different from that of DIO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campus temporary landscapes have great potential to promote sustainability, student well-being, and campus engagement. The article presents a field survey, questionnaire design, and SPSS software analysis of the temporary Asian Games landscape at the Zhejiang University of Technology. An attempt was made to investigate the environmental perception impacts of the Asian Games' temporary campus landscape on university students and whether these impacts differed by individual differences (e.g., gender or academic major). Quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to explain college students' specific perceptions of the temporary Asian Games landscape. The analysis results show: 1) individual variables of college students had significant effects on the differences in environmental perceptions of the Asian Games temporary campus landscape, and gender and academic major factors had direct effects on them; 2) college students had different perceptual outcomes for different types of Asian Games temporary campus landscapes, and they preferred figurative temporary landscapes, followed by abstract and information transfer landscapes, and finally signage landscapes; 3) Asian Games There is a close connection between different features of the temporary campus landscape and college students' environmental perceptions, and aesthetic features become the key features affecting college students' environmental perceptions. The study reveals the mechanism of the temporary campus landscape of the Asian Games affecting the environmental perception of college students, and based on the results of the study, relevant planning suggestions are proposed, which have certain implications for improving the design of the temporary campus landscape space.

Predicting soil water status remotely is appealing due to its low cost and large‐scale application. During drought, plants can disconnect from the soil, causing disequilibrium between soil and plant water potentials at pre‐dawn. The impact of this disequilibrium on plant drought response and recovery is not well understood, potentially complicating soil water status predictions from plant spectral reflectance. This study aimed to quantify drought‐induced disequilibrium, evaluate plant responses and recovery, and determine the potential for predicting soil water status from plant spectral reflectance. Two species were tested: sweet corn (Zea mays), which disconnected from the soil during intense drought, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea), which did not. Sweet corn's hydraulic disconnection led to an extended ‘hydrated’ phase, but its recovery was slower than peanut's, which remained connected to the soil even at lower water potentials (−5 MPa). Leaf hyperspectral reflectance successfully predicted the soil water status of peanut consistently, but only until disequilibrium occurred in sweet corn. Our results reveal different hydraulic strategies for plants coping with extreme drought and provide the first example of using spectral reflectance to quantify rhizosphere water status, emphasizing the need for species‐specific considerations in soil water status predictions from canopy reflectance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Rhodotorula glutinis and Chlorella vularis sludge as raw material, the extraction process of carotenoids from yeast and algae was optimized through single factor and response experiments, and the in vitro antioxidant activity of carotenoids from yeast and algae was investigated. The results showed that the optimal ionic liquid for yeast and algal wall breaking was 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (BMIMCl), and the optimal extraction process for carotene from yeast and algal sludge was 1 mol/L ionic liquid concentration, pre-treatment temperature of 53 °C, and pre-treatment time of 57 min. Under this condition, the extraction amount of carotene from yeast and algae was 1.311 mg/g. When the mass concentration was 30 μg/mL, the scavenging rates of DPPH free radical, ·OH free radical and ABTS+ free radical were 82.3%, 37.6% and 86.8%, respectively, and the reducing power was 0. 289, showing good antioxidant activity. The yeast and algal sludge treated with BMIMCl had a higher content of extracted carotenoids and better antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]