Search

Objective: COVID-19-associated pediatric vasculitis, other than Kawasaki disease (KD)-like vasculitis in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), is very rare. This study sought to analyze the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19-associated pediatric vasculitis (excluding KD-like vasculitis in MIS-C). Methods: The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) age

Background Globally, a growing number of children and adolescents are left behind when parents migrate. We investigated the effect of parental migration on the health of left behind-children and adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis we searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Global Index Medicus, Scopus, and Popline from inception to April 27, 2017, without language restrictions, for observational studies investigating the effects of parental migration on nutrition, mental health, unintentional injuries, infectious disease, substance use, unprotected sex, early pregnancy, and abuse in left-behind children (aged 0–19 years) in LMICs. We excluded studies in which less than 50% of participants were aged 0–19 years, the mean or median age of participants was more than 19 years, fewer than 50% of parents had migrated for more than 6 months, or the mean or median duration of migration was less than 6 months. We screened studies using systematic review software and extracted summary estimates from published reports independently. The main outcomes were risk and prevalence of health outcomes, including nutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight, overweight and obesity, low birthweight, and anaemia), mental health (depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, conduct disorders, self-harm, and suicide), unintentional injuries, substance use, abuse, and infectious disease. We calculated pooled risk ratios (RRs) and standardised mean differences (SMDs) using random-effects models. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064871. Findings Our search identified 10 284 records, of which 111 studies were included for analysis, including a total of 264 967 children (n=106 167 left-behind children and adolescents; n=158 800 children and adolescents of non-migrant parents). 91 studies were done in China and focused on effects of internal labour migration. Compared with children of non-migrants, left-behind children had increased risk of depression and higher depression scores (RR 1·52 [95% CI 1·27–1·82]; SMD 0·16 [0·10–0·21]), anxiety (RR 1·85 [1·36–2·53]; SMD 0·18 [0·11–0·26]), suicidal ideation (RR 1·70 [1·28–2·26]), conduct disorder (SMD 0·16 [0·04–0·28]), substance use (RR 1·24 [1·00–1·52]), wasting (RR 1·13 [1·02–1·24]) and stunting (RR 1·12 [1·00–1·26]). No differences were identified between left-behind children and children of non-migrants for other nutrition outcomes, unintentional injury, abuse, or diarrhoea. No studies reported outcomes for other infectious diseases, self-harm, unprotected sex, or early pregnancy. Study quality varied across the included studies, with 43% of studies at high or unclear risk of bias across five or more domains. nterpretation Parental migration is detrimental to the health of left-behind children and adolescents, with no evidence of any benefit. Policy makers and health-care professionals need to take action to improve the health of these young people.

Background : Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is the result of the direct obstruction of the superior vena cava by malignancy and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Our aim is to propose a diagnostic algorithm for undiagnosed superior vena cava syndrome patients and compare the diagnostic value, mortality and morbidity rates in patients diagnosed by mediastinoscopy. Methods : Ninety-seven patients with SVCS underwent diagnostic management starting with the least invasive technique and proceeding to more advanced and invasive methods between January 2000 and June 2013. Seventy one (73%) patients received histopathologic diagnosis using local biopsy, endobronchial biopsy by fiberoptic bronchoscopy and/or endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. Twenty six patients out of 97 patients who had superior vena cava syndrome underwent cervical mediastinoscopy for definitive diagnosis. Four patients (three male and one female) received histopathologic diagnosis using EBUS with the use of this method in our institution after 2010. Results : Of 26 patients who underwent cervical mediastinoscopy, 11 had small cell lung carcinoma, six had squamous cell lung carcinoma, three had adenocarcinoma, two had lymphoma, one had thymoma, one had tuberculosis, one had seminoma and one had chronic fibrous mediastinitis. Definitive tissue diagnosis was obtained in all patients. No perioperative mortality was recorded. One patient had minor bleeding which was controlled without additional surgical intervention. Conclusions : We propose a diagnostic algorithm in undiagnosed patients with superior vena cava syndrome. We conclude that cervical mediastinoscopy is a safe, fast and effective technique to establish pathologic diagnosis, and directs the physicians to apply the appropriate treatment in clinically diagnosed superior vena cava syndrome when less invasive techniques have been unsuccessful.

A 12-year-old boy presented to the clinic of ophthalmology because of watering and discharge from his left lower eyelid. The inspection examination revealed an orifice that was associated with congenital lacrimal fistula (CLF). He underwent a complete ophthalmologic and systemic evaluation to explore possible associated findings. Systemic evaluation revealed multiple renal anomalies: right renal agenesis and left ectopic pelvic kidney. This case is unique because this is the first reported case of CLF accompanied with ectopic pelvic kidney in the literature.

Spigelian hernia is a rare entity and includes 0.1-2% of all abdominal wall hernias. Trauma is a rare cause of SH. To our knowledge, there are only five cases of trauma-related Spigelian hernia that have been reported in the literature. The current study reports a case of the largest spigelian hernia with trauma-related and adds the sixth case to the literature. The physical examination and imaging findings is supported spigelian hernia. A hernia sac of approximately 27 x 18 cm was identified. The hernia sac was opened, and it was observed that the hernia sac contained the omentum, small intestines and the sigmoid colon. The defect extended from the left lumbal region to the left inguinal area up to the pubic bone. The maximum size of the abdominal defect was 13 x 17 cm. For abdominal defect repair, a 30 x 30 cm monofilamented polypropylene mesh (sublay) was placed submuscularly beneath the fascia. Post-operative period was uneventful. Trauma constitutes an etiological factor in the formation of spigelian hernia. We believe that standardization criteria is necessary for the term giant spigelian hernia, so this will provide the more accurate results.

The uniaxial compressive strength of rock material (UCS) is one of the fundamental input parameters for engineering applications to be constructed on/in rock masses such as deep slopes, tunnels and dams. However, preparation of the high quality cores for laboratory studies is generally difficult for some types of rock such as laminated and/or fragmented rock material. To overcome this difficulty empirical prediction models were developed by considering some input parameters. Geological mixtures composed of rock blocks surrounded by weak matrix material are known as Block-In-Matrix-Rock (Bimrock) in literature. Agglomerate is a special type of Bimrock, which is composed of andesite fragments surrounded by tuff matrix and it is an example of Volcanic Bimrock. Preparation of core samples for experimental studies from agglomerate is problematic due to the strength contrast between andesite rock fragments and tuff matrix. To overcome these difficulties, some prediction tools have been studied by regression analyses in the literature. In this study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a prediction tool was used to construct a model for prediction of overall UCS of Volcanic Bimrock. While Volumetric Block Proportion (VBP), Volumetric Block Count (VBC) and fractal dimensions (1 and 2 dimensional) were selected as input parameters, normalized overall uniaxal strength of agglomerate to uniaxal compressive strength of tuff matrix is output parameter. Fractal geometry has been used as popular method to define irregular shapes as a quantity in literature. The boundary strength between an-desite fragments and tuff matrix is also sensitive to fragment shape and surface roughness of andesite fragments. Therefore fractal dimensions were selected as input parameters to incorporate this effect on boundary strength. While previously developed computer code FRACRUN was used to determine average fractal dimension of andesite fragments in agglomerate cores, previously developed computer code ANNES was used for ANN based model construction. In addition, similar to Volumetric Joint Count (Jv) which is widely used in rock mass characterization, Volumetric Block Count (VBC) was defined as another input parameter for determination of Bimrock UCS considering some of studies about performed in literature. The highest prediction performance was obtained from the model which considers Volumetric Block Proportion (VBP), Volumetric Block Count (VBC) and 1D fractal dimension as inputs.

We reviewed 13 cases of necrotizing fasciitis who presented between 1988 and 1992; of these 5 patients (38%) died. Early diagnosis and aggressive surgical debridement are essential to the successful management of necrotizing fasciitis. © 1995 S. Karger AG, Basel.

23rd Annual Congress of the European-Association-of-Nuclear-Medicine (EANM) -- OCT 09-13, 2010 -- Vienna, AUSTRIA WOS: 000283023800603 … European Assoc Nuclear Med

PubMedID: 18176676 Objective: To evaluate the preoperative and postoperative values of serum levels of zinc, magnesium, and copper in patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE). Methods: This study was conducted on patients with CE between 2000-2005 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey. Serum levels of zinc, copper, and magnesium of 85 patients with CE were measured both before and one year after the operation. Patients with liver CE (85 patients, 48 males) and healthy adults (40 adults, 17 males) as the control group were enrolled in the study. Results: When compared with the control group, the mean serum levels of zinc and magnesium were lower and the mean serum level of copper was higher in the preoperative period. It was found that as duration of symptoms increased, serum zinc and magnesium levels decreased and copper levels increased. The serum levels of these elements in postoperative and control patients after one year compared equally with the levels in the initial control. Conclusion: The probability of increased consumption of zinc and magnesium and secretion of copper by the parasite may lead to evaluating the follow up of hydatid surgery in addition to radiological and serological methods.

As a result of industrialization, throughout the world, cities have been growing rapidly for the last century. One typical example of these growing cities is Istanbul, the population of which is over 10 million. Due to rapid urbanization, new areas suitable for settlement and engineering structures are necessary. The Cekmece area located west of the Istanbul metropolitan area is studied, because the landslide activity is extensive in this area. The purpose of this study is to develop a model that can be used to characterize landslide susceptibility in map form using logistic regression analysis of an extensive landslide database. A database of landslide activity was constructed using both aerial-photography and field studies. About 19.2% of the selected study area is covered by deep-seated landslides. The landslides that occur in the area are primarily located in sandstones with interbedded permeable and impermeable layers such as claystone, siltstone and mudstone. About 31.95% of the total landslide area is located at this unit. To apply logistic regression analyses, a data matrix including 37 variables was constructed. The variables used in the forwards stepwise analyses are different measures of slope, aspect, elevation, stream power index (SPI), plan curvature, profile curvature, geology, geomorphology and relative permeability of lithological units. A total of 25 variables were identified as exerting strong influence on landslide occurrence, and included by the logistic regression equation. Wald statistics values indicate that lithology, SPI and slope are more important than the other parameters in the equation. Beta coefficients of the 25 variables included the logistic regression equation provide a model for landslide susceptibility in the Cekmece area. This model is used to generate a landslide susceptibility map that correctly classified 83.8% of the landslide-prone areas. © 2006 Springer-Verlag.