42 results on '"Soto-Cámara, R."'
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2. Reply to: Factors related to immediate response to symptoms in patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack
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Soto-Cámara, R., primary, González-Santos, J., additional, González-Bernal, J., additional, and Trejo-Gabriel-Galán, J.M., additional
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- 2021
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3. Percepción del clima social en el aula por estudiantes de enfermería de tres facultades españolas
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Cárdaba-García, R.M., primary, Ovejero-de Pablo, M.S., primary, and Soto-Cámara, R., primary
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- 2020
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4. Breast Ironing from the Perspective of Transcultural Nursing by Madeleine Leininger: A Narrative Review.
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Cárdaba-García RM, Velasco-Gonzalez V, Cárdaba-García I, Pérez-Pérez L, Durantez-Fernández C, Muñoz-Del Caz A, Soto-Cámara R, Aparicio-García ME, Madrigal M, and Pérez I
- Abstract
(1) Background: This article addresses the harmful traditional practice of breast ironing, which primarily affects girls and adolescents in several countries, particularly in Cameroon. The practice involves applying heat and pressure to developing breasts to delay their growth, with the goal of protecting girls from sexual abuse, early pregnancy, and forced marriages. While culturally accepted, breast ironing has severe physical, psychological, and social consequences, including damage to mammary glands, pain, infections, and potential long-term health complications. (2) Methods: A reflective analysis of the topic was conducted through a comprehensive search of various databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and CINAHL) following narrative review methodology. (3) Results: The practice is also examined through the lens of human rights and Madeleine Leininger's transcultural nursing theory, which promotes respect for cultural traditions in healthcare. However, the authors question whether such a theory can justify practices that violate women's physical integrity. (4) Conclusions: This study concludes that while cultural beliefs must be considered in healthcare, human rights and the elimination of violent practices, such as breast ironing, must take precedence. Educational campaigns and a more punitive approach in countries where this practice occurs are proposed as essential steps forward.
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- 2024
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5. Impact of the COVID-19-pandemic and perception of self-efficacy on the mental health of out-of-hospital emergency healthcare professionals by modality of care.
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Cárdaba-García RM, Soto-Cámara R, García-Santa-Basilia N, Matellán-Hernández MP, Onrubia-Baticón H, Martínez-Caballero CM, Thuissard-Vasallo IJ, and Navalpotro-Pascual S
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- Humans, Female, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adult, Middle Aged, Spain, Health Personnel psychology, Pandemics, Anxiety psychology, Mental Health, SARS-CoV-2, Depression psychology, Depression epidemiology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Emergency Medical Services, Surveys and Questionnaires, COVID-19 psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Self Efficacy
- Abstract
Objective: To analyse the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the perception of self-efficacy on the health professionals of the Spanish out-of-hospital emergency services., Design: Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive with a survey methodology of 1710 participants from Spain (1 February-30 April, 2021)., Methods: The mental health of healthcare workers was assesed in terms of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as their self-efficacy. Linear and logistic regression models were fitted to predict these variables. A moderation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of self-efficacy on mental health., Results: The means of the sample for stress, anxiety, depression and self-efficacy were 20.60, 15.74, 13.07 and 70.87, respectively. In the regression models, being a woman was the most significant factor for severe mental health impairment. Female gender was also a relevant factor for self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had a direct effect on the mental health for working in patient care., Conclusions: Healthcare workers showed moderate stress, severe anxiety, mild depression and good self-efficacy. Direct patient care was associated with more stress and severe anxiety. Age, female gender, job changes and job adjustment were associated with levels of stress, anxiety and depression. Self-efficacy is a determining factor of mental health in the direct care modality., Implications: The mental health of healthcare workers has been of great importance in the aftermath of the pandemic, but out-of-hospital emergency workers have been neglected in research. The levels of stress, anxiety and depression during the pandemic justify the creation of prevention and early diagnosis programmes, as they are essential in a health disaster. Surprisingly, their high level of perceived self-efficacy directly impact on the mental health of patient helthcare workers, so improving it will reduce the psychological risk., Reporting Method: We have followed the STROBE guidelines. It has been partially funded by the Asistencia Sanitanitaria Interprovincial de Seguros - ASISA Foundation (Spain). PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: 'No patient or public involvement'., (© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Advanced Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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6. Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nurses in the Spanish out-of-hospital Emergency Service.
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Soto-Cámara R, Navalpotro-Pascual S, Matellán-Hernández MP, Onrubia-Baticón H, García-Santa-Basilia N, and Cárdaba-García RM
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- Humans, Spain, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Adult, Male, Middle Aged, Mental Health, Pandemics, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Nursing, Nurses psychology, Occupational Stress epidemiology, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Diseases psychology, COVID-19 nursing, COVID-19 epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Anxiety epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nurses in Spanish out-of-hospital Emergency Services, identifying predictor factors of greater severity., Method: A multicentre cross-sectional descriptive study was designed, including all nurses working in any Spanish out-of-hospital Emergency Services between 01/02/2021 and 30/04/2021. The main outcomes were the level of depression, anxiety and stress assessed through the DASS-21 scale. Sociodemographic, clinical, and occupational information was also collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine possible associations between variables., Results: The sample included 474 nurses. 32.91%, 32.70% and 26.33% of the participants had severe or extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Professionals with fewer competencies to handle stressful situations, those who had used psychotropic drugs and/or psychotherapy on some occasion before the pandemic onset, or those who had changed their working conditions presented more likelihood of developing more severe levels of depression, anxiety and/or stress., Conclusion: Nurses in Spanish out-of-hospital Emergency Services have presented medium levels of depression, anxiety and stress during the pandemic. Clinical and occupational factors have been associated with a higher degree of psychological distress. It is necessary to adopt strategies that promote professionals' self-efficacy and mitigate the triggers of negative emotional states., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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7. Experiences of Spanish out-of-hospital emergency workers with high levels of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.
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Navalpotro-Pascual S, Matellán-Hernández MP, Pastor-Benito E, Soto-Cámara R, Cárdaba-García RM, García-Santa-Basilia N, Onrubia-Baticón H, and Mahtani-Chugani V
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a major psychological impact on health care workers (HCWs). This study was embedded in a larger quantitative study on the mental health care of out-of-hospital HCWs in Spain. To better understand this, a qualitative study was conducted to explore the experiences, coping strategies, and influencing factors of out-of-hospital HCWs who scored high (> 25 points) on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) in a previous quantitative mental health study., Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using six in-depth interviews with individuals who scored high on the depression scale and agreed to be contacted by email between May and June 2021, using the phenomenological approach. The data were analysed using Brawn and Clare's method., Results: The main results findings related to four themes. The emotional impact of assuming a professional role with high self-demands and responsibilities; Factors influencing the development of negative emotions such as the cruelty of the pandemic, the helplessness in relation to health management and policy, the changing role of the professional and the relationship with society; Personal protection through coping strategies to manage negative emotions such as support from colleagues and family; Good practices for the future looking for different management strategies that can influence individuals and their personal, professional, and social relationships., Conclusion: The strong impact of the circumstances experienced points to the need to develop psychological support programmes that can protect people's mental health from depression during a crisis and improve the relationship between workers and their managers., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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8. Exploring Disparities in Self-Reported Mental Health Symptoms Across Professional Categories in Spain's Emergency Medical Services: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.
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Martínez-Caballero CM, Matellán-Hernández MP, Polo-Portes CE, Reques-Marugán AM, Soto-Cámara R, Cardaba-García RM, Thuissard IJ, and Navalpotro-Pascual S
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- Male, Humans, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Self Report, Spain epidemiology, Mental Health, Emergency Medical Services
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy levels among Spanish out-of-hospital emergency medical professionals from February 1, 2021, to April 30, 2021., Methods: A nationwide survey was completed by 1666 Emergency Medical Services (EMS) workers. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) were used. Data analysis used chi-squared, análisis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regressions., Results: The sample comprised 833 (50%) men, with an average age of 44.3 ± 9.9 y (range: 19-67 y). Occupational distribution included 453 (27.2%) physicians, 474 (28.4%) nurses, and 739 (44.4%) emergency medical technicians (EMTs). EMTs exhibited higher odds of severe or extremely severe depression compared with physicians (odds ratio [OR]: 1.569; 95% confidenceinterval [95% CI]: 1.213-2.030) and nurses (OR: 1.561; 95% CI: 1.211-2.012). EMTs also displayed higher probabilities of severe or extremely severe anxiety compared with nurses (OR: 1.944; 95% CI: 1.529-2.701). Furthermore, EMTs demonstrated elevated probabilities of severe or extremely severe stress compared with physicians (OR: 1.387; 95% CI: 1.088-1.770). However, no significant differences were found in self-efficacy, with a median value of 73 [20]., Conclusions: Out-of-hospital EMS workers experienced mental health challenges, showing varying levels of depression, stress, and anxiety across different occupational groups. EMTs were particularly affected.
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- 2023
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9. COVID-19 Pandemic Control Measures and Their Impact on University Students and Family Members in a Central Region of Spain.
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Pérez-Pérez L, Cárdaba-García I, Madrigal-Fernández MA, Montero-Cuadrado F, Sobas EM, and Soto-Cámara R
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- Humans, Spain, Pandemics, Universities, Family, Depression, COVID-19, Students, Nursing
- Abstract
The first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic were times of great change in the lives of university students and their families in Spain. The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial aspects and preventive measures carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic by students and family members of the nursing degree students of the University of Valladolid (Spain). The number of people surveyed was 877, by means of an ad hoc questionnaire. Relationships between variables were established by means of the Chi-square test and Student's t -test. In addition, multivariate logistic regression was generated. The significance level used was 0.05. Students and family members maintained preventive measures= such as hand washing, correct use of masks =in closed places, avoiding crowds and maintaining social distance, but at low rates (close to 20% in all cases). Regarding psychosocial aspects, 41.07% of the participants suffered from anxiety and loneliness, while 5.2% needed to take drugs to reduce anxiety or sleep and 66.07% were dependent on technology. Suicidal behavior is related to stress, anxiety, loneliness, poor family relationships, psychotropic drug use and technology abuse. The pandemic has caused life changes in university students and their families at the psychosocial level, generating high figures of suicidal ideation regardless of age. Preventive measures adopted to control the pandemic have not been followed for the most part.
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- 2023
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10. Influence of Previous Mental State on Psychological Outcomes of Spanish Out-of-Hospital Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Molina-Oliva M, Martín-Sánchez R, Pastor-Benito E, Soto-Cámara R, Cárdaba-García RM, Thuissard IJ, Fernández-Domínguez JJ, Matellán-Hernández MP, Navalpotro-Pascual S, and Morales-Sánchez A
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- Humans, Pandemics, Cross-Sectional Studies, SARS-CoV-2, Anxiety epidemiology, Health Personnel psychology, Hospitals, Depression epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
This study aimed to describe factors relating to the psychological distress of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Spanish out-of-hospital emergency medical services (EMS), according to the previous or non-use of psychotropic drugs or psychotherapy. A multicentre, cross-sectional descriptive study was designed. The study population were all physicians, nurses, and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) working in any Spanish out-of-hospital EMS between February and April 2021. The main outcomes were the levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy, assessed by DASS-21 and G-SES. Differences in levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy, according to sex, age, previous use of psychotropic drug or psychotherapy, work experience, professional category, type of work, and modification of working conditions were measured using the Student's t -test for independent samples, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, or 2-factor analysis of covariance. A total of 1636 HCWs were included, of whom one in three had severe mental disorders because of the pandemic. The interaction of the previous or non-use of psychotropic drugs or psychotherapy with the rest of the factors considered did not modify the levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy. However, HCWs with a history of psychotropic drug or psychotherapy use had a more intense negative emotional response and lower self-efficacy, regardless of their sex, professional category, type of work, or change in the working conditions. These HCWs are considered particularly vulnerable to the development or recurrence of new disorders or other comorbidities; therefore, the implementation of monitoring and follow-up strategies should be a priority.
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- 2023
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11. Reliability and Validity of the Motor Activity Log (MAL-30) Scale for Post-Stroke Patients in a Spanish Sample.
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Santamaría-Peláez M, Pardo-Hernández R, González-Bernal JJ, Soto-Cámara R, González-Santos J, and Fernández-Solana J
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- Humans, Activities of Daily Living, Reproducibility of Results, Quality of Life, Motor Activity, Language, Stroke
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Background: The validation of assessment instruments is of great importance when they are applied in clinical and healthcare settings, since their safe and reliable use is essential for the application of appropriate and high-quality treatments. The motor activity log (MAL-30) is an instrument widely used by professionals in the clinic, which has been validated in different countries, languages and populations. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the MAL-30 scale for post-stroke patients in a Spanish sample., Methods: For this purpose, internal consistency tests were carried out using Cronbach's alpha, item-item and item-total correlations, and a half-and-half test for reliability. For the validation, criterion validity tests were performed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale as the gold standard, and the convergent validity tests were carried out by correlation with the action research arm test (ARAT), box and block test (BBT), functional independence measure (FIM)-functional assessment measure (FAM), Lawton and Brody index and stroke quality of life scale (ECVI-38)., Results: The results showed good internal consistency, as well as a good criterion and convergent validity., Conclusions: The MAL-30 instrument can be considered a valid and reliable tool for assessing the quantity and quality of the use of the affected upper limb in the performance of the activities of daily living and the instrumental activities of daily living after stroke in a Spanish sample.
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- 2022
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12. Psychometric Properties of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) Scale in Post-Stroke Patients-Spanish Population.
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Fernández-Solana J, Pardo-Hernández R, González-Bernal JJ, Sánchez-González E, González-Santos J, Soto-Cámara R, and Santamaría-Pelaez M
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- Humans, Psychometrics methods, Reproducibility of Results, Health Services Research, Language, Stroke diagnosis
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The validation of measuring instruments in the field of health is a requirement before they can be used safely and reliably. The action research arm test (ARAT) tool is an instrument validated in numerous countries and languages and for different populations, and its use is widespread. The objective of this research was to determine the psychometric properties of ARAT for a sample composed of post-stroke patients. To achieve this, a psychometric analysis was performed, where internal consistency tests were carried out using Cronbach's alpha, correlations between items and item-total and half-level tests to verify their reliability. Regarding validity, criteria validity tests were performed, taking the motor function dimension of the Fugl-Meyer scale as gold standard, and convergent validity tests were performed by correlation with the FIM-FAM, ECVI-38 and Lawton and Brody scales. The results showed very good internal consistency as well as good criterion and convergent validity. In conclusion, the ARAT can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of upper limb function in post-stroke patients.
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- 2022
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13. Influence of the Cumulative Incidence of COVID-19 Cases on the Mental Health of the Spanish Out-of-Hospital Professionals.
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Soto-Cámara R, Navalpotro-Pascual S, Jiménez-Alegre JJ, García-Santa-Basilia N, Onrubia-Baticón H, Navalpotro-Pascual JM, Thuissard IJ, Fernández-Domínguez JJ, Matellán-Hernández MP, Pastor-Benito E, Polo-Portes CE, Cárdaba-García RM, and On Behalf Of The Impsycovid-Study Group
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This study aimed to analyze the psychological affectation of health professionals (HPs) of Spanish Emergency Medical Services (EMSs) according to the cumulative incidence (CI) of COVID-19 cases in the regions in which they worked. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed, including all HPs working in any EMS of the Spanish geography between 1 February 2021 and 30 April 2021. Their level of stress, anxiety and depression (DASS-21) and the perception of self-efficacy (G-SES) were the study's main results. A 2-factor analysis of covariance was used to determine if the CI regions of COVID-19 cases determined the psychological impact on each of the studied variables. A total of 1710 HPs were included. A third presented psychological impairment classified as severe. The interaction of CI regions with the studied variables did not influence their levels of stress, anxiety, depression or self-efficacy. Women, younger HPs or those with less EMS work experience, emergency medical technicians (EMT), workers who had to modify their working conditions or those who lived with minors or dependents suffered a greater impact from the COVID-19 pandemic in certain regions. These HPs have shown high levels of stress, anxiety, depression and medium levels of self-efficacy, with similar data in the different geographical areas. Psychological support is essential to mitigate their suffering and teach them to react to adverse events.
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- 2022
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14. Mindfulness-Based Program for Anxiety and Depression Treatment in Healthcare Professionals: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Santamaría-Peláez M, González-Bernal JJ, Verdes-Montenegro-Atalaya JC, Pérula-de Torres LÁ, Roldán-Villalobos A, Romero-Rodríguez E, Hachem Salas N, Magallón Botaya R, González-Navarro TJ, Arias-Vega R, Valverde FJ, Jiménez-Barrios M, Mínguez LA, León-Del-Barco B, Soto-Cámara R, and González-Santos J
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In primary health care, the work environment can cause high levels of anxiety and depression, triggering relevant expert and individual change. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programs reduce signs of anxiety and depression. The purpose of this sub-analysis of the total project, was to equate the effectiveness of the standard MBSR curriculum with the abbreviated version in minimizing anxiety and depression. This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 112 mentors and resident specialists from Family and Community Medicine and Nurses (FCMN), distributed across six teaching units (TU) of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS). Experimental group participants received a MBRS training (abbreviated/standard). Depression and anxiety levels were measured with the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS) at three different time periods during the analysis: before (pre-test) and after (post-test) participation, as well as 3 months after the completion of intervention. Taking into account the pre-test scores as the covariate, an adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed significant depletion in anxiety and depression in general (F (2.91) = 4.488; p = 0.014; η
2 = 0.090) and depression in particular (F (2, 91) = 6.653; p = 0.002; η2 = 0.128 at the post-test visit, maintaining their effects for 3 months (F (2.79) = 3.031; p = 0.050; η2 = 0.071-F (2.79) = 2.874; p = 0.049; η2 = 0.068, respectively), which is associated with the use of a standard training program. The abbreviated training program did not have a significant effect on the level of anxiety and depression. The standard MBSR training program had a positive effect on anxiety and depression and promotes long-lasting effects in tutors and resident practitioners. New research is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of abbreviated versions of training programs.- Published
- 2021
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15. Factors related to prehospital time in caring for patients with stroke.
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal J, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, López-Liria R, and González-Santos J
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- Humans, Time Factors, Time-to-Treatment, Emergency Medical Services, Stroke diagnosis, Stroke therapy
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Objectives: To identify factors that affect prehospital time (PHT) for patients with stroke., Material and Methods: Systematic review. We searched 6 databases to select descriptive studies of factors influencing PHT in stroke. The studies selected were published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish between 1995 and 2019., Results: One hundred one articles were analyzed. Sociodemographic, clinical, contextual, cognitive, and behavioral data related to PHT in patients with stroke were identified. Calling the emergency medical services (EMS) immediately after onset of stroke symptoms was the main factor associated with a shorter PHT. Referral from another hospital was associated with a longer PHT., Conclusion: PHT is affected by factors inherent to patients and the setting for the event. Educational strategies should be developed to address relevant factors, especially regarding the importance of recognizing the onset of a stroke and calling the EMS immediately.
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- 2021
16. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Out-of-Hospital Health Professionals: A Living Systematic Review.
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Soto-Cámara R, García-Santa-Basilia N, Onrubia-Baticón H, Cárdaba-García RM, Jiménez-Alegre JJ, Reques-Marugán AM, Molina-Oliva M, Fernández-Domínguez JJ, Matellán-Hernández MP, Morales-Sanchez A, and Navalpotro-Pascual S
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Health professionals (HPs), especially those working in the front line, have been one of the groups most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to identify the best available scientific evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of out-of-hospital HPs in terms of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy. A living systematic review of the literature was designed, consulting the electronic online versions of the CINHAL, Cochrane Library, Cuiden, IBECS, JBI, LILACS, Medline PyscoDoc, PsycoINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in November 2021. Original research was selected, published in either English, Spanish, French, Italian, or Portuguese. In total, 2082 publications were identified, of which 16 were included in this review. The mental health of out-of-hospital HPs was affected. Being a woman or having direct contact with patients showing suspicious signs of COVID-19 or confirmed cases were the factors related to a greater risk of developing high levels of stress and anxiety; in the case of depressive symptoms, it was having a clinical history of illnesses that could weaken their defenses against infection. Stopping unpleasant emotions and thoughts was the coping strategy most frequently used by these HPs.
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- 2021
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17. Effectiveness of a Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Standard Training Program versus an Abbreviated Training Program on Stress in Tutors and Resident Intern Specialists of Family and Community Medicine and Nursing in Spain.
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Verdes-Montenegro-Atalaya JC, Pérula-de Torres LÁ, Lietor-Villajos N, Bartolomé-Moreno C, Moreno-Martos H, Rodríguez LA, Grande-Grande T, Pardo-Hernández R, León-Del-Barco B, Santamaría-Peláez M, Mínguez LA, González-Santos J, Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal JJ, and On Behalf Of The Minduudd Collaborative Study Group
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- Community Medicine, Empathy, Humans, Spain, Stress, Psychological prevention & control, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mindfulness
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Stress is one of the most common problems among healthcare professionals, as they are exposed to potentially stressful and emotionally challenging situations in the workplace. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training programs have been shown to decrease stress. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an abbreviated 4-weeks MBSR training program in relation to a standard 8-weeks one on the stress levels. A controlled and randomized clinical trial was designed, in which 112 tutors and resident intern specialists in Family and Community Medicine and Nursing of six Spanish National Health System teaching units (TUs) participated. Participants included in the experimental groups (EGs) received a MBRS training program (standard or abbreviated), while control group (CG) participants did not receive any intervention. The stress levels were assessed by the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) in three different moments during the study: before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Adjusted covariance analysis (ANCOVA), using pretest scores as the covariate, showed a significant reduction in stress (F
(2,91) = 5.165; p = 0.008; η2 = 0.102) in the post-test visit, attributable to the implementation of the standard training program, but without the maintenance of its effects over time. No significant impact of the abbreviated training program on stress levels was observed in the intergroup comparison. A standard 8-weeks MBSR training program aimed at tutors and resident intern specialists in Family and Community Medicine and Nursing produces significant improvements in stress levels compared with the abbreviated intervention and no intervention. New studies about abbreviated training programs are needed to provide effective treatments which improve well-being of these professionals.- Published
- 2021
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18. The ISJ 3D Brace, a Providence Brace Evolution, as a Surgery Prevention Method in Idiopathic Scoliosis.
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Vicente LG, Barrios MJ, González-Santos J, Santamaría-Peláez M, Soto-Cámara R, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Fernández-Lázaro D, and González-Bernal JJ
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Background: The high incidence of idiopathic scoliosis worldwide as well as the serious health problems it can cause in adulthood, make it necessary to seek effective treatments to prevent the progression of the disease to more aggressive treatments such as surgery and improve patients' quality of life. The use of night braces, besides a less severe influence on the patient's quality of life, is effective in stopping the progression of the curve in idiopathic scoliosis., Methods: A longitudinal study was performed with an experimental population of 108 participants who attended orthotic treatment at the University Hospital of Barcelona, with ages between 4 and 15 years old, with a main curvature greater than 25 degrees and a Risser between 0 and 3. The participants received treatment with Providence ISJ-3D night braces until their pubertal change (mean duration of 2.78 years for males and 1.97 years for females)., Results: The implementation of night-time orthotic treatment in children with idiopathic scoliosis is effective in slowing the progression of the curve and in the prevention of more aggressive treatments such as surgery, maintaining the patient's quality of life., Conclusions: The use of night braces is efficacious in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, although new studies including more sociodemographic data as well as curves from 20 degrees of progression are necessary.
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- 2021
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19. Psychological Effects of Home Confinement and Social Distancing Derived from COVID-19 in the General Population-A Systematic Review.
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Rodríguez-Fernández P, González-Santos J, Santamaría-Peláez M, Soto-Cámara R, Sánchez-González E, and González-Bernal JJ
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- Anxiety epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Female, Humans, Pandemics, Physical Distancing, SARS-CoV-2, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, COVID-19
- Abstract
(1) Background: Home confinement and social distancing are two of the main public health measures to curb the spread of SARS-Cov-2, which can have harmful consequences on people's mental health. This systematic review aims to identify the best available scientific evidence on the impact that home confinement and social distancing, derived from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, have had on the mental health of the general population in terms of depression, stress and anxiety. (2) Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect between 2 January 2021 and 7 January 2021, in accordance with the recommendations of the PRISMA Declaration. The selection of studies and the evaluation of their methodological quality were performed in pairs, independently and blindly, based on predetermined eligibility criteria. (3) Results: The 26 investigations reviewed were developed in different regions and countries. Factors that are associated with poor mental health were female gender, young ages, having no income and suffering from a previous psychiatric illness. Inadequate management of the pandemic by authorities and a lack or excess of information also contributed to worse mental health. (4) Conclusions: There are groups of people more likely to suffer higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress during the restrictive measures derived from COVID-19.
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- 2021
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20. Differences between robust, frail, prefrail and dependent institutionalized older people.
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Santamaría-Peláez M, González-Bernal J, González-Santos J, and Soto-Cámara R
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- Aged, Geriatric Assessment, Humans, Frail Elderly, Frailty diagnosis
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- 2021
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21. Exploring the Occupational Balance of Young Adults during Social Distancing Measures in the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Rodríguez-Fernández P, González-Santos J, Santamaría-Peláez M, Soto-Cámara R, and González-Bernal JJ
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- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Physical Distancing, SARS-CoV-2, Young Adult, COVID-19, Pandemics
- Abstract
(1) Background: A balanced life is related to good health in young people, one of the groups most affected by confinement and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the occupational balance of young adults during home confinement and its association with different sociodemographic factors. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed, and an online survey was disseminated to collect sociodemographic and occupational balance data, using the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software package version 24.0. (3) Results: 965 young adults between 18 and 30 years old participated in the study. A predictive model showed that the main predictors of a lower occupational balance were a negative self-perception (β= 0.377; p = <0.0001), student status (β = 0.521; p = 0.001), not receiving enough information (β = 0.951; p = 0.001) and long periods of quarantine (β = 0.036; p = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: Considering people's occupational health and related factors could lessen many of the psychosocial consequences of isolation and contribute to the well-being of young people.
- Published
- 2021
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22. Explanatory Factors for Periprosthetic Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty.
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Delgado-González A, Morales-Viaji JJ, Criado-Albillos G, Martín-Rodríguez ADP, González-Santos J, López-Liria R, Collazo-Riobo C, Soto-Cámara R, and González-Bernal JJ
- Abstract
There are many studies whose results reveal possible risk factors for developing an infection after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this study is to analyse the risk factors that depend on the hospital and, especially, if the patellar replacement influences the appearance of periprosthetic infection. A retrospective study was performed, where data from the electronic registry of patients of people over 18 and who had undergone TKA, between the years 2015 and 2018, were reviewed. Dependent variables on the patients and the health care system were collected. The possible associations between the factors and the appearance of infection after TKA were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. A total of 907 primary knee arthroplasties were included in the study. Those patients who had their patella replaced had a significantly higher risk of developing an infection (OR 2.07; 95% confidence interval 1.01-6.31). Likewise, patients who underwent surgery by surgeons with more than 10 years of experience were more than twice as likely to become infected than those operated on by younger surgeons (OR 2.64; 95%CI 1.01-6.97). Male patients were also found to be three times more likely to be infected than women (OR 2.99; 95%CI 1.32-5.74). Those interventions that were longer had a higher risk of infection. The same happened with patients who stayed in the hospital for a longer period of time. The rest of the variables did not show statistically significant results. In this study, it was found that the replacement of the patella may be a factor of infection, but it should be corroborated with randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, patients who underwent longer surgeries or those with prolonged hospital stays should be closely monitored to detect infection as soon as possible and establish the most appropriate treatment.
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- 2021
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23. Effectiveness of Community Occupational Therapy Intervention in, with and from the Community in People with Disabilities in Azrou (Morocco).
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González-Bernal JJ, Eiguren-Munitis L, González-Santos J, Santamaría-Peláez M, Soto-Cámara R, and Rodríguez-Fernández P
- Subjects
- Humans, Morocco, Quality of Life, Social Stigma, Surveys and Questionnaires, Disabled Persons, Occupational Therapy
- Abstract
In Morocco, the social and environmental context influences the volition and development of meaningful activities, creating physical, personal and social barriers to the occupational performance of people with disabilities. This study develops a community Occupational Therapy program in order to verify its effectiveness in the volition, quality of life and perceived self-stigma of people with disabilities in the Moroccan city of Azrou, and to reduce the stigma of the community towards people with disabilities in the city. Data were collected from people with disabilities who participated in the program (N = 52), using the Volitional Questionnaire (VQ), The World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF), the Stigma Awareness Questionnaire (SCQ) and an ad hoc interview. In addition, community stigma was assessed by the Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-27) in citizens without disabilities (N = 42). Results confirmed that this intervention favors the inclusion of people with disabilities in their closest environment, improving volition and quality of life and reducing self-stigma. Furthermore, the community's stigma towards people with disabilities was also significantly reduced after the intervention.
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- 2021
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24. Long-Term V-EEG in Epilepsy: Chronological Distribution of Recorded Events Focused on the Differential Diagnosis of Epileptic Seizures and Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures.
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Vázquez-Sánchez F, García-López B, Gómez-Menéndez AI, Martín-Santidrián A, Vicente JM, Hernando-Asensio A, Gámez-Beltrán P, González-Bernal JJ, Soto-Cámara R, Jiménez-Barrios M, and González-Santos J
- Abstract
Differential diagnosis in epilepsy is sometimes challenging. Video-electroencephalography (V-EEG) is an essential tool in the diagnosis and management of epilepsy. The prolonged duration of V-EEG recording increases the diagnostic yield of a conventional V-EEG. The right length of monitoring for different indications is still to be established. We present a retrospective descriptive study with a sample of 50 patients with long-term V-EEG monitoring, with a mean age of 36.1 years, monitored from 2013 to 2019 at the Burgos University Hospital. The mean monitoring time was 3.6 days. Events were obtained in 76% of the patients, corresponding to epileptic seizures (ES) in 57.9% of them, with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) in 39.5%, and with episodes of both pathologies in 2.6% of the patients. We found that the first event was highly representative, and it correlated with the rest of the events that would be recorded. Moreover, 92% of the first PNES had been captured at the end of the second day, and 89% of the first ES by the end of the third day. V-EEG for differential diagnosis between ES and PNES can be performed in hospitals without specialized epilepsy surgery units. For this indication, the duration of long-term V-EEG can be adjusted individually depending on the nature of the first event.
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- 2021
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25. Comparison of the Effectiveness of an Abbreviated Program versus a Standard Program in Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Self-Perceived Empathy in Tutors and Resident Intern Specialists of Family and Community Medicine and Nursing in Spain.
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Pérula-de Torres LÁ, Verdes-Montenegro-Atalaya JC, Melús-Palazón E, García-de Vinuesa L, Valverde FJ, Rodríguez LA, Lietor-Villajos N, Bartolomé-Moreno C, Moreno-Martos H, García-Campayo J, González-Santos J, Rodríguez-Fernández P, León-Del-Barco B, Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal JJ, and The Minduudd Collaborative Study Group
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- Community Medicine, Humans, Reference Standards, Spain, Specialization, Empathy, Mindfulness
- Abstract
Health professionals are among the most vulnerable to work stress and emotional exhaustion problems. These health professionals include tutors and resident intern specialists, due to the growing demand for the former and the high work overload of the latter. Mindfulness training programs can support these professionals during times of crisis, such as the current global pandemic caused by the coronavirus-19 disease. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an abbreviated Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training program in relation to a standard training program on the levels of mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-perceived empathy in tutors and resident intern specialists of Family and Community Medicine and Nursing. A total of 112 professionals attached to six Spanish National Health System teaching units (TUs) participated in this randomized and controlled clinical trial. Experimental Group (GE) participants were included in the standard or abbreviated MBSR programs. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Self-Compassion Scale short form (SCS-SF), and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) were administered three times during the study: before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Adjusted covariance analysis (ANCOVA), using pretest scores as the covariate, showed a significant increase in mindfulness (F
(2,91) = 3.271; p = 0.042; η2 = 0.067) and self-compassion (F(2,91) = 6.046; p = 0.003; η2 = 0.117) in the post-test visit, and in self-compassion (F(2,79) = 3.880; p = 0.025; η2 = 0.089) in the follow-up visit, attributable to the implementation of the standard training program. The standard MBSR and MSC training program improves levels of mindfulness and self-compassion, and promotes long-lasting effects in tutors and resident intern specialists. New studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of abbreviated training programs.- Published
- 2021
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26. Morphological Description of Frontal EEG Interictal and Ictal Discharges in an Adult Cohort of 175 Patients.
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García-López B, Sueiras-Gil M, Gómez-Menéndez AI, Vázquez-Sánchez F, Lloria-Gil MC, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, Santamaría-Pelaéz M, Soto-Cámara R, and Wesenberg Kjaer T
- Abstract
Clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) features in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) vary considerably among patients, making the diagnosis a challenge. The objective of this study was to describe interictal and ictal EEG activity, identifying variables that could help to differentiate and diagnose frontal lobe epilepsy cases. A prospective cross-sectional study from patients with frontal interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) referred to the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain) after a clinical event compatible with epileptic seizures was designed. The interictal and ictal activity were analyzed to provide a detailed EEG description of the cases, using different statistical analyses. The morphological seizure pattern at the ictal onset remained globally unchanged over time in seizures arising from the frontal lobe for each patient. Isolated sharp waves were the most frequent waveforms in the expression of IED. Frontal lobe seizures are frequently short and sometimes appear grouped in clusters within the same recording. Often the ictal expression of the electrical activity in frontal lobe seizure is subtle and challenging to interpret. A description of the main findings is summarized to identify seizures arising from the frontal lobe and avoid false negatives findings in EEG interpretations.
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- 2021
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27. Influence of the Use of Wii Games on Physical Frailty Components in Institutionalized Older Adults.
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González-Bernal JJ, Jahouh M, González-Santos J, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Fernández-Lázaro D, and Soto-Cámara R
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- Accidental Falls prevention & control, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Exercise Therapy, Female, Gait, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Postural Balance, Frailty, Video Games
- Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial physiological phenomenon in which cellular and molecular changes occur. These changes lead to poor locomotion, poor balance, and an increased falling risk. This study aimed to determine the impact and effectiveness of the use of the Wii
® game console on improving walking speed and balance, as well as its influence on frailty levels and falling risk, in older adults. A longitudinal study was designed with a pretest/post-test structure. The study population comprised people over 75 years of age who lived in a nursing home or attended a day care center ( n = 80; 45 women; 84.2 ± 8.7 years). Forty of them were included in the Wii group (20 rehabilitation sessions during 8 consecutive weeks), and the other 40 were in the control group. Falling risk and frailty were evaluated using the Downton scale and Fried scale; balance and walking speed were assessed with the Berg Balance scale and the Gait Speed Test, respectively, as well as the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The results showed that there was no significant association between Frailty Phenotype and study groups in baseline. However, there was significant association between Frailty Phenotype and study groups at the end of study. Moreover, a significantly higher and negative percentage change (Δ) in the Wii group with respect to the control group on the in falling risk (-20.05 ± 35.14% vs. 7.92 ± 24.53%) and in walking speed (-6.42 ± 8.83% vs. -0.12 ± 4.51%) during study, while there was a higher and positive significant percent change in static balance (6.07 ± 5.74% vs. 2.13 ± 4.64%) and on the SPPB (20.28 ± 20.05% vs. 0.71 ± 7.99%) after 8 weeks of study. The main conclusion of this study was that the use of the Wii® video console for 8 weeks positively influenced walking speed, falling risk, static balance, and frailty levels in older adults. Through a rehabilitation program with the Wii® game console in the older adults, frailty levels are reduced, accompanied by a reduction in falling risk and an increase in static balance and walking speed.- Published
- 2021
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28. Impact of an Intervention with Wii Video Games on the Autonomy of Activities of Daily Living and Psychological-Cognitive Components in the Institutionalized Elderly.
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Jahouh M, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, Fernández-Lázaro D, Soto-Cámara R, and Mielgo-Ayuso J
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, Female, Humans, Japan, Longitudinal Studies, Quality of Life, Activities of Daily Living, Video Games
- Abstract
As people age, the risk of disease increases and deterioration becomes more noticeable. These changes can increase the risk of cognitive impairment, with negative consequences for the quality of life and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) in older people, which translate into greater dependence and loss of wellness. This study aimed to determine the impact and effectiveness of the use of the Wii
® game console (Nintendo Company Limited, Kyoto, Japan) on improving performance of basic and instrumental ADLs, as well as its relationship with cognitive impairment levels and mood in institutionalized older people. A longitudinal study was designed, whose study population consisted of people over 75 years of age who lived in a nursing-home or attended a day care center ( n = 80; 45 women). Cognitive status was assessed using Lobo's Mini-Cognitive Examination (MCE) and Global Deterioration Scale (FAST-GDS), while the psychological assessment used the Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating (DAIR), Yesavage scale for Geriatric Depression (EGD-15), and Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (EADG). Differences from T1 to T2 in the control group (control; n = 40; 23 women; 83.25 ± 8.78 years; 76.35 ± 13.54 kg) and in the experimental group (Wii; n = 40; 22 women; 85.05 ± 8.63 years; 74.60 ± 13.01 kg) were evaluated using a paired Student's t -test or Wilcoxon's signed rank test, and a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Differences in Δ (%) and other tests at T1 and T2 were compared using the independent t -test or Mann-Whitney U test, with the treatment category as a fixed factor. The results showed that the Wii® video console had a positive influence for older people, increasing cognitive status and levels of ADLs, and psychological status. In addition, a positive correlation between performance of ADLs and cognitive status was observed, as well as a negative correlation with the psychological status. Through a rehabilitation program with a Wii® game console in the elderly, depression, anxiety and apathy levels were reduced, accompanied by an increase in memory and attention, as well as in performance of basic and instrumental ADLs.- Published
- 2021
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29. Life Satisfaction during Forced Social Distancing and Home Confinement Derived from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain.
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Gonzalez-Bernal JJ, Rodríguez-Fernández P, Santamaría-Peláez M, González-Santos J, León-Del-Barco B, Minguez LA, and Soto-Cámara R
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Spain epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 psychology, Pandemics, Personal Satisfaction, Physical Distancing, Social Isolation
- Abstract
Life satisfaction is one of the main dimensions of well-being related to psychological factors, being essential for a person to adjust to difficult circumstances. The restrictive measures adopted to minimize the diffusion of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could alter the subjective dimension of well-being, so the objective of this study was to determine the factors related to life satisfaction of the Spanish population during forced home confinement derived from the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was designed, based on an online survey, and disseminated through the main social networks, which included the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and sociodemographic and COVID-19-related variables. The possible relationships between the different variables were studied using univariate and multivariable regression analyses. A total of 3261 subjects participated in the study. Factors associated with greater personal life satisfaction were fewer days of home confinement (β = (-0.088); p ≤ 0.001), the perception of having received enough information (β = 0.076; p ≤ 0.001), having private access to the outside (β = 0.066; p ≤ 0.001), being employed (β = 0.063; p ≤ 0.001), being male (β = 0.057; p = 0.001) and not having been isolated (β = 0.043; p = 0.013). The results of this study provide novel information about the profiles of people related to greater well-being and life satisfaction during forced social distancing and home confinement, but more studies are needed to help to understand and complement these findings.
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- 2021
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30. Relationship of Forced Social Distancing and Home Confinement Derived from the COVID-19 Pandemic with the Occupational Balance of the Spanish Population.
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González-Bernal JJ, Santamaría-Peláez M, González-Santos J, Rodríguez-Fernández P, León Del Barco B, and Soto-Cámara R
- Abstract
Abrupt interruption in the performance of everyday occupations as a consequence of forced social distancing and home confinement, coupled with a lack of regulatory capacities and skills, can trigger harmful effects on people's health and well-being. This study aimed to determine the factors related to the occupational balance in the Spanish population during home confinement as a consequence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 3261 subjects completed an online survey, which was disseminated through the mainstream social media platforms in Spain and included the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ), sociodemographic variables, and factors related to COVID-19 infection. The mean age of the participants (81.69% women) was 40.53 years (SD ± 14.05). Sociodemographic variables were related to a greater occupational balance, and the multivariate analysis showed that age (β = 0.071; p = 0.001), the perception of having received enough information (β = 0.071; p ≤ 0.001), not telecommuting (β = -0.047; p = 0.022), and not being infected by COVID-19 (β = 0.055; p = 0.007) contributed to a better occupational balance. There were profiles of people less likely to suffer disturbances in occupational balance during home confinement, but more studies are needed to help understand and analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people's occupational and mental health.
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- 2020
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31. Authors' reply.
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Santos J, González-Bernal J, and Trejo-Gabriel-Galán JM
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- Humans, Brain Ischemia, Ischemic Stroke, Stroke
- Published
- 2020
32. Relationship of Body Composition with the Strength and Functional Capacity of People over 70 Years.
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Patiño-Villada FA, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, de Paz JA, Jahouh M, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Romero-Pérez EM, and Soto-Cámara R
- Subjects
- Absorptiometry, Photon, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Muscle, Skeletal physiology, Body Composition, Muscle Strength, Physical Functional Performance
- Abstract
Background: Aging is a multifactorial physiological phenomenon, in which a series of changes in the body composition occur, such as a decrease in muscle mass and bone mineral density and an increase in fat mass. This study aimed to determine the relationship of muscle mass, osteoporosis, and obesity with the strength and functional capacity of non-dependent people over 70 years of age., Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed, whose study population was all people aged over 70 years, living independently and attending academic and recreational programs. Muscle strength and functional capacity of the participants were assessed by isometric exercises of lower and upper limbs and by four tests taken from the Senior Fitness Test, respectively. Bone mineral density, total mass, fat mass, total lean mass, arms lean mass, legs lean mass, and appendicular lean mass (ALM) was calculated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Differences in muscle strength and functional capacity, according to the sex, muscle mass, mineral bone density and fat mass, were measured by χ
2 test, independent samples Student's t-test, analysis of covariance and a 2-factor analysis of covariance; Results: 143 subjects were included in the study group. Men and women with an adequate amount of ALM adjusted for body mass index (BMI) had a maximal dynamic biceps strength in a single repetition, a maximal isometric leg extension strength, a maximal dynamic leg extension strength in a single repetition, a maximum right hand grip strength and maximum hand grip strength (the highest). Significantly higher values were observed in the maximal isometric biceps' strength in men with osteoporosis. Obese men had less isometric strength in the biceps and took longer to perform the chair stand test; Conclusions: Men and women with an adequate amount of ALM adjusted for BMI obtained better results in tests of muscle strength and functional capacity. However, osteoporosis and obesity are not related to these parameters.- Published
- 2020
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33. The Influence of the Trainer's Social Behaviors on the Resilience, Anxiety, Stress, Depression and Eating Habits of Athletes.
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Trigueros R, Mercader I, González-Bernal JJ, Aguilar-Parra JM, González-Santos J, Navarro-Gómez N, and Soto-Cámara R
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- Adult, Anxiety psychology, Depression psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Mentoring, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological psychology, Athletes psychology, Feeding Behavior psychology, Mentors psychology, Resilience, Psychological, Social Behavior
- Abstract
During their sporting lives, athletes must face multiple difficulties that can have consequences for their mental health and changes in their eating patterns. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze how social skills of the trainer influence the coping capacity, psychological well-being, and eating habits of the athlete, elements that are key to achieving success during competition. This study involved 1547 athletes and 127 trainer. In order to achieve the objective, the mean, standard deviation, bivariate correlations, reliability analysis and a structural equation model were analysed. The results showed that prosocial behaviours were positively related to resilience, while antisocial behaviours were negatively related. Resilience was negatively related to anxiety, stress and depression. Finally, anxiety, stress and depression were negatively related to healthy eating and positively related to unhealthy eating. These results highlight the importance of creating a positive social climate to develop coping strategies that promote mental health and healthy eating habits of athletes.
- Published
- 2020
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34. Knowledge on Signs and Risk Factors in Stroke Patients.
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, and López-Liria R
- Abstract
Background: There is a pressing need to contribute evidence to the improvement in the early identification of signs and symptoms associated with strokes, and address the treatment-seeking delays. The objective of this study is to describe the knowledge regarding the warning signs and risk factors (RFs) among stroke patients, as well as of their attitudes toward a suspected event, and the analysis of its possible relationship with the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of these patients., Method: A cross-sectional study was designed, in which all stroke patients admitted consecutively to the Burgos University Hospital (Spain) were included. The principal outcomes were the patient's ability to identify two RFs and two warning signs and the patient's hypothetical response to a possible stroke event. The possible factors associated with the knowledge of warning signs, RFs, and the correct response to a new event were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analysis., Results: A total of 529 patients were included. Having a higher education level or a history of prior stroke were associated with a greater degree of knowledge of warning signs (odds ratio (OR) 3.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.70-5.74, p = 0.003; OR 3.54, 95%CI 2.09-5.99, p ≤ 0.001, respectively), RFs (OR 3.15, 95%CI 1.75-5.67, p = 0.008; OR 4.08, 95%CI 2.41-6.91, p = 0.002, respectively), and the correct response to a possible stroke (OR 1.82, 95%CI 1.16-2.86; p = 0.030; OR 2.11, 95%CI 1.29-3.46, p = 0.022, respectively)., Conclusion: Knowledge of warning signs or stroke RFs is low in the hospitalized patients. A previous stroke or secondary/higher education levels are the predictor factors that increase the probability of knowledge of warning signs, RFs, or reaction to possible event.
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- 2020
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35. Age-Related Risk Factors at the First Stroke Event.
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, and López-Liria R
- Abstract
(1) Background: Stroke is a multifactorial disease, which can affect individuals at any age. Risk factors (RFs) associated with the first stroke event have been well identified; however, the influence of these RFs on the patient´s age needs to be studied. (2) Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of modifiable RFs on the age at which a stroke occurs. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients admitted consecutively with a first-ever acute stroke at the Burgos University Hospital (Spain). Data on sociodemographic and clinical parameters were collected (high blood pressure (HBP), smoking habit, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipemia, abdominal obesity, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol consumption, and cardiovascular diseases). The possible associations between RFs and age were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analyses and a decision tree. (4) Results: A total of 436 patients with a mean age of 75.39 years (standard deviation (SD) ± 12.67) were included. HBP and overweight/obesity were the most prevalent stroke RFs. Being an active smoker (OR 21.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.80-52.41), having a sedentary lifestyle (OR 3.24; 95% CI 1.97-5.31), being an excessive alcohol drinker (OR 2.36; 95% CI 1.45-3.84), or being overweight or obese (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.14-3.34) increased the risk of having an acute cerebrovascular event in individuals aged 75 years or below. However, a personal history of HBP (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.24-0.67) was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of having an acute stroke in individuals aged more than 75 years. (5) Conclusions: This study showed that the modifiable RFs strongly influence the first stroke event in patients aged below 75 years, which will be useful in guiding different prevention strategies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2020
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36. Influence of a Physical Exercise Program in the Anxiety and Depression in Children with Obesity.
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Romero-Pérez EM, González-Bernal JJ, Soto-Cámara R, González-Santos J, Tánori-Tapia JM, Rodríguez-Fernández P, Jiménez-Barrios M, Márquez S, and de Paz JA
- Subjects
- Body Mass Index, Child, Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mexico epidemiology, Anxiety complications, Anxiety epidemiology, Depression complications, Depression epidemiology, Pediatric Obesity psychology, Pediatric Obesity therapy
- Abstract
(1) Background : The high prevalence of childhood obesity and its multicausal etiology make it necessary to approach it through different strategies, whose objective is to promote the physical, mental, and social well-being of children. Regular physical activity, in addition to having positive effects on the physical environment of those who practice it, influences positively in psychological aspects such as anxiety and depression, which are very frequent in children with obesity and overweight. (2) Objective : To analyze the changes produced by a program of physical exercise based on anthropometric indicators and levels of anxiety and depression in a population of Mexican children with obesity. (3) Methods : A longitudinal study with experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The analysis population consisted of 105 children with a body mass index (BMI) for their gender and age group above the 95th percentile, of which 60 were girls and 45 were boys, with a mean age of 10.02 years (SD ± 0.79). By randomizing the participants, 54 were part of the EG and 51 of the, CG The EG participated in a physical exercise program, distributed in two weekly sessions, each lasting 50 minutes, for 20 consecutive weeks. The CG group continued its usual activities during the intervention period. An inferential analysis was performed between the socio-demographic, anthropometric and psychological variables. (4) Results : The implementation of a physical exercise program in children with obesity favors the appearance of positive thoughts, with improvements in their emotional well-being, self-perception and self-concept; although it does not produce significant changes in weight, height, Z-Score, level of anxiety or depressive thoughts. (5) Discussion : Regular physical exercise practice has positive effects on mental health, although new studies are required to analyze specifically its influence on anxiety and depression in children with obesity.
- Published
- 2020
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37. Electroconvulsive Therapy in Super Refractory Status Epilepticus: Case Series with a Defined Protocol.
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García-López B, Gómez-Menéndez AI, Vázquez-Sánchez F, Pérez-Cabo E, Isidro-Mesas F, Zabalegui-Pérez A, Muñoz-Siscart I, Lloria-Gil MC, Soto-Cámara R, González-Bernal JJ, González-Santos J, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, López-Liria R, and Kjær TW
- Subjects
- Anticonvulsants, Child, Humans, Prospective Studies, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Status Epilepticus
- Abstract
Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) represents a neurological emergency that is characterized by a lack of response to the third line of antiepileptic treatment, including intravenous general anesthetics. It is a medical challenge with high morbidity and mortality. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been recommended as a nonpharmacologic option of treatment after other alternatives are unsuccessful. Its effect on the cessation of SRSE has been minimally investigated. The objective of this article is to analyze the effect of ECT on SRSE. For this purpose, a multidisciplinary team created a protocol based on clinical guidelines similar to those described previously by Ray et al. (2017). ECT was applied to six patients with SRSE after the failure of antiepileptic treatment and pharmacologic coma.The objective of each ECT session was to elicit a motor seizure for at least 20 s. SRSE was resolved in all patients after several days of treatment, including ECT as a therapy, without relevant adverse effects. Thus, ECT is an effective and feasible option in the treatment of SRSE, and its place in the algorithm in treatment should be studied due to the uncommon adverse effects and the noninvasive character of the therapy.
- Published
- 2020
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38. Infant Cranial Deformity: Cranial Helmet Therapy or Physiotherapy?
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González-Santos J, González-Bernal JJ, De-la-Fuente Anuncibay R, Soto-Cámara R, Cubo E, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros R, and López-Liria R
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Physical Therapy Modalities, Prospective Studies, Skull, Treatment Outcome, Head Protective Devices, Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic therapy
- Abstract
Objective : To compare cranial helmet therapy (CHT) and physiotherapy (PT) for the effective treatment of positional plagiocephaly in infants in terms of improving functional recovery. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study involving 48 infants between 5-10 months of age with cranial deformities. The Cranial Vault Asymmetry Index (CVAI) and the Brunet-Lezine scale were calculated at the initiation of the study and after 40 treatment sessions. Results : The infants' first assessment showed a delay in overall development areas with a global developmental quotient (DQ) (posture, coordination, sociability, and language) of 80.15. Although developmental improvements were observed in both groups in the Brunet-Lezine scale after treatment, the MANCOVA test showed no significant differences (F(5) = 0.82, p = 0.506, eta
2 = 0.09). The CVAI reduced to 4.07% during the final evaluation in the cranial helmet group and 5.85% in the physiotherapy group without any significant differences between the two therapies ( p = 0.70). Conclusions : No statistically significant differences were found between CHT and PT. After treatment, improvements from baseline measurements were observed in each of the readings of cranial deformity.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Factors associated with a rapid call for assistance for patients with ischemic stroke.
- Author
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Santos J, González-Berna J, and Trejo-Gabriel-Galán JM
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Emergency Medical Services, Help-Seeking Behavior, Humans, Spain, Time Factors, Brain Ischemia epidemiology, Brain Ischemia therapy, Ischemic Stroke epidemiology, Ischemic Stroke therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: To identify factors related to a rapid response to the onset of symptoms and a call for help for patients with ischemic stroke., Material and Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of all patients with ischemic stroke admitted consecutively to Hospital Universitario de Burgos in Spain during 1 year. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, cognitive, and contextual data for all patients and applied uni- and multivariate analysis to explore possible associations with the patient's response time., Results: A total of 425 patients were included. The mean patient response time was 140.00 minutes. Patient delay accounted for 72.6% of the total prehospital response time. Factors associated with a rapid call for help were the presence of an accompanying person (OR, 9.57; 95% CI, 3.89-23.52), daytime onset of symptoms (OR, 8.77; 3.40- 22.63), patient knowledge of how to act in case of stroke symptoms (OR, 3.84; 2.77-7.09), first medical contact through the public health system's emergency medical service (OR, 3.03; 1.62-5.68), patient perception of symptoms as severe or very severe (OR, 2.38; 1.17-4.83), and stroke onset in an urban area (OR, 2.17; 1.16-4.06)., Conclusion: The patient's response time between onset of symptoms is related to behavioral, cognitive and contextual factors that should be taken into account when planning future patient education campaigns.
- Published
- 2020
40. Physical Education Classes as a Precursor to the Mediterranean Diet and the Practice of Physical Activity.
- Author
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Trigueros R, Mínguez LA, González-Bernal JJ, Aguilar-Parra JM, Soto-Cámara R, Álvarez JF, and Rocamora P
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Age Factors, Feeding Behavior, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Motivation, Personal Autonomy, Resilience, Psychological, Adolescent Behavior, Diet, Mediterranean, Exercise, Health Behavior, Healthy Lifestyle, Patient Education as Topic methods, Risk Reduction Behavior
- Abstract
Physical activity and a healthy, balanced diet are remaining unresolved issues among young people. According to the World Health Organization, young people do not get enough exercise during the week, and physical education classes are the best way to promote healthy habits. This study aims to analyze how the role of the teacher influences the frustration of psychological needs, coping strategies, motivation, and the adoption of healthy eating habits through the Mediterranean diet and the regular practice of physical activity. The study involved 1031 boys and 910 girls between the ages of 13 and 18. To explain the relationships between the different variables included in this study, a model of structural equations has been developed. The results showed that autonomy support negatively predicted the frustration of four psychological needs. The failure to meet four psychological needs negatively predicted resilience. Likewise, resilience positively predicted autonomous motivation, and this positively predicted the Mediterranean diet and the practice of physical activity. Thus, the results obtained in the present study are in line with those of various studies wherein physical education classes were seen to help consolidate healthy living habits., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Factors Associated with Shortening of Prehospital Delay among Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.
- Author
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Soto-Cámara R, González-Santos J, González-Bernal J, Martín-Santidrian A, Cubo E, and Trejo-Gabriel-Galán JM
- Abstract
Background: Despite recent advances in acute stroke care, only 1-8% of patients can receive reperfusion therapies, mainly because of prehospital delay (PHD)., Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with PHD from the onset of acute stroke symptoms until arrival at the hospital., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including all patients consecutively admitted with stroke symptoms to Burgos University Hospital (Burgos, Spain). Socio-demographic, clinical, behavioral, cognitive, and contextualized characteristics were recorded, and their possible associations with PHD were studied using univariate and multivariable regression analyses., Results: The median PHD of 322 patients was 138.50 min. The following factors decreased the PHD and time until reperfusion treatment where applicable: asking for help immediately after the onset of symptoms (OR 10.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.47-23.99), onset of stroke during the daytime (OR 7.73; 95% CI 3.09-19.34) and the weekend (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.19-5.85), occurrence of stroke outside the home (OR 7.09; 95% CI 1.97-25.55), using a prenotification system (OR 6.46; 95% CI 1.71-8.39), patient's perception of being unable to control symptoms without assistance (OR 5.14; 95% CI 2.60-10.16), previous knowledge of stroke as a medical emergency (OR 3.20; 95% CI 1.38-7.40), call to emergency medical services as the first medical contact (OR 2.77; 95% CI 1.32-5.88), speech/language difficulties experienced by the patient (OR 2.21; 95% CI 1.16-4.36), and the identification of stroke symptoms by the patient (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.03-3.82)., Conclusions: The interval between the onset of symptoms and arrival at the hospital depends on certain contextual, cognitive, and behavioral factors, all of which should be considered when planning future public awareness campaigns.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Factors associated with the activation of emergency medical services in patients with acute stroke: a prospective study.
- Author
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Soto-Cámara R, Trejo-Gabriel-Galán JM, González-Bernal J, González-Santos J, and Cubo E
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Spain, Stroke diagnosis, Emergency Medical Services statistics & numerical data, Facilities and Services Utilization statistics & numerical data, Stroke therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: To identify factors associated with activation of emergency medical services (EMS) in stroke., Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study of all patients admitted with stroke to Hospital Universitario de Burgos in Spain between September 1, 2015, and August 31, 2016. We recorded sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, cognitive, and context information and explored possible associations with calls for EMS units., Results: Three hundred eleven patients were included. EMS units were activated in 171 cases (55%) associated with an assessment that the patient was unable to manage the health situation from the onset of symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.95; 95% CI, 3.64-13.26), a witness's call for help (rather than the patient's) (OR, 5.68; 95% CI, 2.99-10.83), serious neurological deficit defined by a score over 16 on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.10-18.46), a patient's awareness of serious symptoms leading to a call for help (OR, 4.03; 95% CI, 1.42-11.42), and a patient's history of high blood pressure (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.25-4.54)., Conclusion: Calls for EMS attendance from either a patient or a witness are associated with objective signs of severe stroke and subjective perception of severity.
- Published
- 2019
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