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In the publication “Typifications, new combinations and new synonyms in Indian Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)” by Singh, R. K. et al. (2021), the authors used pseudoscientific theoretical background, utilized material collected by other persons without citing the source of data in support of their claims, and made serious errors in the determination and delimitation of Impatiens taxa occuring in Himalayas and adjacent areas. They proposed new combinations and statuses without sufficient field and literature studies and failed to show convincing evidences in their treatments. Their documentation lacks important details, like authorship of the published pictures, locations and dates of pictures, or measurements of plant parts; the whole documentation has geographically biased gaps – in case of Western Himalayan or Sikkimese taxa, there is almost no original illustrative material. Finally, they falsely claimed extensive field studies in Western Himalaya. This paper reinstates 19 species and 1 variety synonymised by Singh et al. (2021) with scientific evidences based on illustrations from types and colour photographs from fresh collections.

The taxonomic identity of Impatiens laxiflora Edgew. is assessed historically and the name I. leggei Pusalkar & D.K.Singh is found conspecific and synonymized. The species commonly treated in China...

The taxonomic identity of the species Impatiens longipes Hook.f. & Thomson is discussed and a lectotype has been designated for the name. Impatiens pseudolongipes is described and illustrated as a new species.

Impatiens kamrupana, a new species from Assam, northeast India is described. The new species is easily distinguished from its allied taxa by its bicoloured, white and purple flowers and sub-bucciniform lower sepal with straight to slightly curved spur.

This paper reports Impatiens duclouxii Hook.f. as a new addition for India from Arunachal Pradesh. In addition, the scientific name of the species is lectotypified here.

This study aimed to analyze the seed coat structure of nine species from the genus Impatiens from Northeast India. A review of the available literature showed a scarcity of data on seed sizes and shapes, as well as a complete lack of information on the ultrastructure of seeds from five taxa of Impatiens determined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Photographs of the surface structure of seeds from the analyzed species were taken using an SEM and, from these, we measured the length and width of the seeds. The results showed differences in the seed ultrastructure and metric traits within the studied taxa. Based on the ornamentation of the epidermal cells, we distinguished three morphological types: protrusive, granulate, and reticulate. The seeds of the investigated species had ellipsoid, subellipsoid, or subspheroid shapes. Their lengths and widths ranged from 1.2 to 3.6 mm and 0.7 to 2.1 mm, respectively. The results of the study showed that the ultrastructures of Impatiens seeds are different among taxa and for some species can be used as a diagnostic character for their identification.

The paper reports Impatiens cyclosepala Hook. f. ex W.W. Sm. as a new addition for India from Arunachal Pradesh. The species was, till to-date, known only from more than a 100 years old collection from NW Yunnan.

Impatiens tatoensis Gogoi & W.Adamowski, a new species from Northeast India with affinities to I. spirifera Hook.f. & Thomson is described and illustrated. We provide a lectotypification for the name I. spirifera Hook.f. & Thomson as well as a description and illustrations of the species.

Two new species, i.e. Impatiens albopetala Gogoi & Borah and Impatiens dibangensis Gogoi & Borah, are described and illustrated here from Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, India.

Impatiens rugosipetala sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. The species is characterised by brick‐red flowers, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate coriaceous leaves, lower sepal mouth with a thick awn or beak, hooked spur and rugose petals.

Impatiens pathakiana Gogoi & Borah, a new species is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, north-eastern India. The species is restricted to hilly slopes along margin of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved montane forests of Chaglagam (Dalai Valley), Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Diagnostic morphological characters distinguishing the new species from the morphologically similar species, I. fenghwaiana Y.L.Chen and I. wuyuanensis Y.L.Chen are discussed.

Impatiens adamowskiana from the lower Dibang valley district of Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India, is newly described and illustrated. The species is characterized by quadrangular winged stem, sessile leaves with attenuate base, 10–17 pairs of lateral veins, up to 20 cm long inflorescence with up to 30 flowers, red flower, navicular lower sepal, and upcurved spur.

Impatiens toppinii Dunn (Balsaminaceae) was re-collected after a century from Arunachal Pradesh, India. The species was earlier known only from Kachin hills, Myanmar. A lectotype is designated, a detailed description from live material and coloured illustrations for easy identification are provided.

Musa argentii Gogoi & Borah (Musaceae), a new species, is described and illustrated from Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh, India based on observed morphological characteristics in the field. Its distribution and habitat are described, and a key to the species is provided.

Taxonomic identity and rediscovery of Colocasia mannii Hook.f., a little-known species from the Eastern Himalaya, India are discussed in the paper. The updated description of the species along with illustration and its ethnobotanical uses is also provided. The name C. mannii is also lectotypified here.

The taxonomic identity of Musa flaviflora Simmonds (1956a) and Musa thomsonii (King ex Baker) A. M. Cowan & Cowan (1929) have been uncertain to most botanists and have fallen towards oblivion. These two species have also been erroneously synonymized by many botanists but are distinct species with different distributions, viz. M. flaviflora from the northeastern parts of India and M. thomsonii from Bhutan, Sikkim, the Himalayan hills of India and Yunnan, China. The aim of this study is to settle the true identity of those ‘lost species’ and to update their descriptions. These studies are based on morphological characteristics observed in the field in northeast India, and Yunnan, China, in various herbaria as well as in the literature on Musaceae.

We recorded gregarious flowering of three bamboo species viz. Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa tulda and Melocanna baccifera during rainy season from early March to late May, 2008 at lowland forest of Bajali area of Indo-Burma hotspot region. A regular method of field sampling of various forest types was used to map the bamboo species in Assam, India. Moreover, people’s perception on bamboo blooming was investigated at 17 sample plots covering 258 respondents inhabiting at the site at an average of 15 in each plots. A floral clump (inflorescence) emerged and developed into a giant panicle comprising of numerous florets. Two types of seeds viz. bacca and caryopsis were recorded in different species. Viviparous germination was noticed in few bacca seeds produced by M. baccifera and this has unusual occurrence in bamboo. Seed viability test shows that 75% caryopsis seeds were viable; these seeds had the potential of germination and can be used for mass regeneration. Most local respondents believe that bamboo flowering can result in population explosion of rodent, therefore, they think bamboo flowering is positively correlated with famine. This traditional belief results in massive destruction of bamboo clumps, which significantly impacts on rural economy.

Impatiens pseudolaevigata from West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India, is newly described and illustrated. A detailed description, information on distribution and ecology, and colour photographs are provided for identification of the species.

Impatiens ashihoi Gogoi & Borah (Balsaminaceae), a new species from the Lower Dibang valley district in Arunachal Pradesh, India, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to I. bracteolata Hook.f. but differs in having horn-like stipular glands at the base of petiole, leaves lanceolate to elliptic lanceolate, ventral side of leaf purplish-green with prominent white midrib, prominent awn or appendage in the apex of bract and lateral sepals, awn or appendage in the mouth of lower sepal. It is also similar to I. drepanophora Hook.f. but differs in having horn like stipular glands at the base of petiole, dorsal side of leaf wine red in colour, ventral side of leaf purplish-green with white midrib, lamina lanceolate to elliptic lanceolate.

Impatiens dalaiensis Gogoi & Borah is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. In contrast to the morphologically similar I. graciliflora (fruits also clavate) and I. radiata (fruits linear-cylindrical), the new species exhibits flower buds with a distinct awn or appendage, lower sepal mouths with an awn or appendage, and the distal lobe of the lateral united petals long-lorate or ribbon-shaped, twisted.

Impatiens siangensis Gogoi, a new species, is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. The new species differs from I. marianae Hooker by the absence of white blotches on the upper leaf surface, flowers only partially purple, bracts ovate, glabrous, lateral sepals glabrous, dorsal petal glabrous, navicular, lower sepal with straight purple streaks and spur almost straight. The new species differs from I. porrecta Wallich in having stems, leaves, and floral parts glabrous, stems branched, flowers partially purple, lower sepal navicular with straight purple streaks and spur almost straight.

A new species Impatiens paramjitiana is described and illustrated from Siang valley of Arunachal Pradesh, India. This species is similar to I. apsotis Hook. f. in general floral shapes but differs having spirally arranged leaves, shallowly serrate leaf margins, deep purple flowers, lateral sepals purple, capsule turgid at the middle.

A new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae), I. lohitensis R. Gogoi & S. Borah is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is close to I. siculifer Hook.f. and I. stenantha Hook.f. but differs in perennial nature, bigger elliptic leaves, green flower bud without awn, bigger sized flower, green bigger floral bract, lateral sepals navicular, abaxial midvein of upper petal thickened, much longer spur, two red blotch at throat and bigger size of linear capsule.