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1. Calculation of the Relaxation Modulus in the Andrade Model by Using the Laplace Transform

Author

González-Santander, Juan Luis, Spada, Giorgio, Mainardi, Francesco, and Apelblat, Alexander

Subjects
Physics - Classical Physics, Mathematical Physics, 33E12, 44A10, 45D05
Abstract

In the framework of the theory of linear viscoelasticity, we derive an analytical expression of the relaxation modulus in the Andrade model $G_{\alpha }\left( t\right) $ for the case of rational parameter \mbox{$\alpha =m/n\in (0,1)$} in terms of Mittag--Leffler functions from its Laplace transform $\tilde{G}_{\alpha }\left( s\right) $. It turns out that the expression obtained can be rewritten in terms of Rabotnov functions. Moreover, for the original parameter $\alpha =1/3$ in the Andrade model, we obtain an expression in terms of Miller-Ross functions. The asymptotic behaviours of $G_{\alpha }\left( t\right) $ for $t\rightarrow 0^{+}$ and $t\rightarrow +\infty $ are also derived applying the Tauberian theorem. The analytical results obtained have been numerically checked by solving the Volterra integral equation satisfied by $G_{\alpha }\left( t\right) $ by using a successive approximation approach, as well as computing the inverse Laplace transform of $\tilde{G}_{\alpha }\left( s\right) $ by using Talbot's method.

Published
2024
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2. Quantum droplets in two-dimensional Bose mixtures at finite temperature

Author

Spada, Gabriele, Pilati, Sebastiano, and Giorgini, Stefano

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We investigate the formation of quantum droplets at finite temperature in attractive Bose mixtures subject to a strong transverse harmonic confinement. By means of exact path-integral Monte Carlo methods we determine the equilibrium density of the gas and the liquid as well as the pressure vs. volume dependence along isothermal curves. Results for the equation of state and for the gas-liquid coexistence region in quasi-2D configurations are compared with calculations in strictly two dimensions, finding excellent agreement. Within the pure 2D model we explore the relevance of the quantum scale anomaly and we determine the critical interaction strength for the occurrence of the first-order gas to liquid transition. Furthermore, we find that the superfluid response develops suddenly, following the density jump from the gas to the liquid state., Comment: v1: 6 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor improvements, matches published version

Published
2024
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11. Pembrolizumab for the First-Line Treatment of Recurrent Locally Advanced or Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Results from the Single-Arm, Open-Label, Phase III KEYNOTE-913 Study

Author

Mortier, Laurent, Villabona, Lisa, Lawrence, Ben, Arance, Ana, Butler, Marcus O., Beylot-Barry, Marie, Saiag, Philippe, Samimi, Mahtab, Ascierto, Paolo A., Spada, Francesca, De Pontville, Michel, Maio, Michele, Berrocal, Alfonso, Espinosa, Enrique, Capdevila, Jaume, Levin, Max, Das, Debasmita, Krepler, Clemens, Grebennik, Dmitri, and Chiarion-Sileni, Vanna

Published
2024
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20. Phi4tools: Compilation of Feynman diagrams for Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theories

Author

Sberveglieri, Giacomo and Spada, Gabriele

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Scalar field theories with quartic interactions are of central interest in the study of second-order phase transitions. For three-dimensional theories, numerous studies make use of the fixed-dimensional perturbative computation of [B. Nickel, D. Meiron, and G. Baker Jr, Compilation of 2-pt and 4-pt graphs for continuous spin model, University of Guelph report (1977)], unfortunately left unpublished. We independently verify the results of Nickel et al., and we extend the computation to the eighth order in the coupling constant. The results of our calculations, together with the tools developed, are made available in Phi4tools, a user-friendly package that allows displaying the information about the individual Feynman diagrams, including the numerical values for the diagrams for zero, two, and four-point functions. We also provide the perturbative series up to order eight for the renormalization-group functions for the $O(N)$ and cubic anisotropic models., Comment: v2: 30 pages, 6 figures; added figure 2 and section 2.7 plus other minor improvements. Matches published version. The package can be found at https://resources.wolframcloud.com/PacletRepository/resources/GSberveglieri/Phi4tools

Published
2023
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21. Baker-Beynon duality beyond semisimplicity

Author

Carai, Luca, Lapenta, Serafina, and Spada, Luca

Subjects
Mathematics - Rings and Algebras, 06F20, 46A40, 26E35
Abstract

Combining tools from category theory, model theory, and non-standard analysis we extend Baker-Beynon dualities to the classes of all Abelian $\ell$-groups and all Riesz spaces (also known as vector lattices). The extended dualities have a strong geometrical flavor, as they involve a non-standard version of the category of polyhedral cones and piecewise (homogeneous) linear maps between them. We further show that our dualities are induced by the functor $\mathtt{Spec}$, once it is understood how to endow it with "coordinates" in some ultrapower $\mathcal{U}$ of $\mathbb{R}$. This also allows us to characterize the topological spaces arising as spectra of Abelian $\ell$-groups and Riesz spaces as certain subspaces of $\mathcal{U}^{\kappa}$ endowed with the Zariski topology given by definable functions in their respective languages. Furthermore, we provide some applications of the extended duality by characterizing, in geometrical terms, semisimplicity, Archimedeanity, and the existence of weak and strong order-units. Finally, we show that our dualities afford a neat and simpler proof of Panti's celebrated characterization of the prime ideals in free Abelian $\ell$-groups and Riesz spaces., Comment: 40 pages

Published
2023

23. Author Correction: The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

Author

Mc Cartney, Ann M., Formenti, Giulio, Mouton, Alice, De Panis, Diego, Marins, Luísa S., Leitão, Henrique G., Diedericks, Genevieve, Kirangwa, Joseph, Morselli, Marco, Salces-Ortiz, Judit, Escudero, Nuria, Iannucci, Alessio, Natali, Chiara, Svardal, Hannes, Fernández, Rosa, De Pooter, Tim, Joris, Geert, Strazisar, Mojca, Wood, Jonathan M. D., Herron, Katie E., Seehausen, Ole, Watts, Phillip C., Shaw, Felix, Davey, Robert P., Minotto, Alice, Fernández, José M., Böhne, Astrid, Alegria, Carla, Alioto, Tyler, Alves, Paulo C., Amorim, Isabel R., Aury, Jean-Marc, Backstrom, Niclas, Baldrian, Petr, Baltrunaite, Laima, Barta, Endre, BedHom, Bertrand, Belser, Caroline, Bergsten, Johannes, Bertrand, Laurie, Bilandija, Helena, Binzer-Panchal, Mahesh, Bista, Iliana, Blaxter, Mark, Borges, Paulo A. V., Dias, Guilherme Borges, Bosse, Mirte, Brown, Tom, Bruggmann, Rémy, Buena-Atienza, Elena, Burgin, Josephine, Buzan, Elena, Cariani, Alessia, Casadei, Nicolas, Chiara, Matteo, Chozas, Sergio, Čiampor, Jr., Fedor, Crottini, Angelica, Cruaud, Corinne, Cruz, Fernando, Dalen, Love, De Biase, Alessio, del Campo, Javier, Delic, Teo, Dennis, Alice B., Derks, Martijn F. L., Diroma, Maria Angela, Djan, Mihajla, Duprat, Simone, Eleftheriadi, Klara, Feulner, Philine G. D., Flot, Jean-François, Forni, Giobbe, Fosso, Bruno, Fournier, Pascal, Fournier-Chambrillon, Christine, Gabaldon, Toni, Garg, Shilpa, Gissi, Carmela, Giupponi, Luca, Gomez-Garrido, Jessica, González, Josefa, Grilo, Miguel L., Grüning, Björn, Guerin, Thomas, Guiglielmoni, Nadege, Gut, Marta, Haesler, Marcel P., Hahn, Christoph, Halpern, Balint, Harrison, Peter W., Heintz, Julia, Hindrikson, Maris, Höglund, Jacob, Howe, Kerstin, Hughes, Graham M., Istace, Benjamin, Cock, Mark J., Janžekovič, Franc, Jonsson, Zophonias O., Joye-Dind, Sagane, Koskimäki, Janne J., Krystufek, Boris, Kubacka, Justyna, Kuhl, Heiner, Kusza, Szilvia, Labadie, Karine, Lähteenaro, Meri, Lantz, Henrik, Lavrinienko, Anton, Leclère, Lucas, Lopes, Ricardo Jorge, Madsen, Ole, Magdelenat, Ghislaine, Magoga, Giulia, Manousaki, Tereza, Mappes, Tapio, Marques, Joao Pedro, Redondo, Gemma I. Martinez, Maumus, Florian, McCarthy, Shane A., Megens, Hendrik-Jan, Melo-Ferreira, Jose, Mendes, Sofia L., Montagna, Matteo, Moreno, Joao, Mosbech, Mai-Britt, Moura, Mónica, Musilova, Zuzana, Myers, Eugene, Nash, Will J., Nater, Alexander, Nicholson, Pamela, Niell, Manuel, Nijland, Reindert, Noel, Benjamin, Noren, Karin, Oliveira, Pedro H., Olsen, Remi-Andre, Ometto, Lino, Oomen, Rebekah A., Ossowski, Stephan, Palinauskas, Vaidas, Palsson, Snaebjorn, Panibe, Jerome P., Pauperio, Joana, Pavlek, Martina, Payen, Emilie, Pawlowska, Julia, Pellicer, Jaume, Pesole, Graziano, Pimenta, Joao, Pippel, Martin, Pirttilä, Anna Maria, Poulakakis, Nikos, Rajan, Jeena, M.C. Rego, Rúben, Resendes, Roberto, Resl, Philipp, Riesgo, Ana, Rodin-Morch, Patrik, Soares, Andre E. R., Fernandes, Carlos Rodriguez, Romeiras, Maria M., Roxo, Guilherme, Rüber, Lukas, Ruiz-Lopez, Maria Jose, Saarma, Urmas, da Silva, Luis P., Sim-Sim, Manuela, Soler, Lucile, Sousa, Vitor C., Santos, Carla Sousa, Spada, Alberto, Stefanovic, Milomir, Steger, Viktor, Stiller, Josefin, Stöck, Matthias, Struck, Torsten H., Sudasinghe, Hiranya, Tapanainen, Riikka, Tellgren-Roth, Christian, Trindade, Helena, Tukalenko, Yevhen, Urso, Ilenia, Vacherie, Benoit, Van Belleghem, Steven M., Van Oers, Kees, Vargas-Chavez, Carlos, Velickovic, Nevena, Vella, Noel, Vella, Adriana, Vernesi, Cristiano, Vicente, Sara, Villa, Sara, Pettersson, Olga Vinnere, Volckaert, Filip A. M., Voros, Judit, Wincker, Patrick, Winkler, Sylke, Ciofi, Claudio, Waterhouse, Robert M., and Mazzoni, Camila J.

Published
2024
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25. Shared neutrophil and T cell dysfunction is accompanied by a distinct interferon signature during severe febrile illnesses in children

Author

Patel, Harsita, Carter, Michael J., Jackson, Heather, Powell, Oliver, Fish, Matthew, Terranova-Barberio, Manuela, Spada, Filomena, Petrov, Nedyalko, Wellman, Paul, Darnell, Sarah, Mustafa, Sobia, Todd, Katrina, Bishop, Cynthia, Cohen, Jonathan M., Kenny, Julia, van den Berg, Sarah, Sun, Thomas, Davis, Francesca, Jennings, Aislinn, Timms, Emma, Thomas, Jessica, Nyirendra, Maggie, Nichols, Samuel, Estamiana Elorieta, Leire, D’Souza, Giselle, Wright, Victoria, De, Tisham, Habgood-Coote, Dominic, Ramnarayan, Padmanabhan, Tissières, Pierre, Whittaker, Elizabeth, Herberg, Jethro, Cunnington, Aubrey, Kaforou, Myrsini, Ellis, Richard, Malim, Michael H., Tibby, Shane M., Shankar-Hari, Manu, and Levin, Michael

Published
2024
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26. The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

Author

Mc Cartney, Ann M., Formenti, Giulio, Mouton, Alice, De Panis, Diego, Marins, Luísa S., Leitão, Henrique G., Diedericks, Genevieve, Kirangwa, Joseph, Morselli, Marco, Salces-Ortiz, Judit, Escudero, Nuria, Iannucci, Alessio, Natali, Chiara, Svardal, Hannes, Fernández, Rosa, De Pooter, Tim, Joris, Geert, Strazisar, Mojca, Wood, Jonathan M. D., Herron, Katie E., Seehausen, Ole, Watts, Phillip C., Shaw, Felix, Davey, Robert P., Minotto, Alice, Fernández, José M., Böhne, Astrid, Alegria, Carla, Alioto, Tyler, Alves, Paulo C., Amorim, Isabel R., Aury, Jean-Marc, Backstrom, Niclas, Baldrian, Petr, Baltrunaite, Laima, Barta, Endre, BedHom, Bertrand, Belser, Caroline, Bergsten, Johannes, Bertrand, Laurie, Bilandija, Helena, Binzer-Panchal, Mahesh, Bista, Iliana, Blaxter, Mark, Borges, Paulo A. V., Dias, Guilherme Borges, Bosse, Mirte, Brown, Tom, Bruggmann, Rémy, Buena-Atienza, Elena, Burgin, Josephine, Buzan, Elena, Cariani, Alessia, Casadei, Nicolas, Chiara, Matteo, Chozas, Sergio, Čiampor, Jr., Fedor, Crottini, Angelica, Cruaud, Corinne, Cruz, Fernando, Dalen, Love, De Biase, Alessio, del Campo, Javier, Delic, Teo, Dennis, Alice B., Derks, Martijn F. L., Diroma, Maria Angela, Djan, Mihajla, Duprat, Simone, Eleftheriadi, Klara, Feulner, Philine G. D., Flot, Jean-François, Forni, Giobbe, Fosso, Bruno, Fournier, Pascal, Fournier-Chambrillon, Christine, Gabaldon, Toni, Garg, Shilpa, Gissi, Carmela, Giupponi, Luca, Gomez-Garrido, Jessica, González, Josefa, Grilo, Miguel L., Grüning, Björn, Guerin, Thomas, Guiglielmoni, Nadege, Gut, Marta, Haesler, Marcel P., Hahn, Christoph, Halpern, Balint, Harrison, Peter W., Heintz, Julia, Hindrikson, Maris, Höglund, Jacob, Howe, Kerstin, Hughes, Graham M., Istace, Benjamin, Cock, Mark J., Janžekovič, Franc, Jonsson, Zophonias O., Joye-Dind, Sagane, Koskimäki, Janne J., Krystufek, Boris, Kubacka, Justyna, Kuhl, Heiner, Kusza, Szilvia, Labadie, Karine, Lähteenaro, Meri, Lantz, Henrik, Lavrinienko, Anton, Leclère, Lucas, Lopes, Ricardo Jorge, Madsen, Ole, Magdelenat, Ghislaine, Magoga, Giulia, Manousaki, Tereza, Mappes, Tapio, Marques, Joao Pedro, Redondo, Gemma I. Martinez, Maumus, Florian, McCarthy, Shane A., Megens, Hendrik-Jan, Melo-Ferreira, Jose, Mendes, Sofia L., Montagna, Matteo, Moreno, Joao, Mosbech, Mai-Britt, Moura, Mónica, Musilova, Zuzana, Myers, Eugene, Nash, Will J., Nater, Alexander, Nicholson, Pamela, Niell, Manuel, Nijland, Reindert, Noel, Benjamin, Noren, Karin, Oliveira, Pedro H., Olsen, Remi-Andre, Ometto, Lino, Oomen, Rebekah A., Ossowski, Stephan, Palinauskas, Vaidas, Palsson, Snaebjorn, Panibe, Jerome P., Pauperio, Joana, Pavlek, Martina, Payen, Emilie, Pawlowska, Julia, Pellicer, Jaume, Pesole, Graziano, Pimenta, Joao, Pippel, Martin, Pirttilä, Anna Maria, Poulakakis, Nikos, Rajan, Jeena, M.C. Rego, Rúben, Resendes, Roberto, Resl, Philipp, Riesgo, Ana, Rodin-Morch, Patrik, Soares, Andre E. R., Fernandes, Carlos Rodriguez, Romeiras, Maria M., Roxo, Guilherme, Rüber, Lukas, Ruiz-Lopez, Maria Jose, Saarma, Urmas, da Silva, Luis P., Sim-Sim, Manuela, Soler, Lucile, Sousa, Vitor C., Santos, Carla Sousa, Spada, Alberto, Stefanovic, Milomir, Steger, Viktor, Stiller, Josefin, Stöck, Matthias, Struck, Torsten H., Sudasinghe, Hiranya, Tapanainen, Riikka, Tellgren-Roth, Christian, Trindade, Helena, Tukalenko, Yevhen, Urso, Ilenia, Vacherie, Benoit, Van Belleghem, Steven M., Van Oers, Kees, Vargas-Chavez, Carlos, Velickovic, Nevena, Vella, Noel, Vella, Adriana, Vernesi, Cristiano, Vicente, Sara, Villa, Sara, Pettersson, Olga Vinnere, Volckaert, Filip A. M., Voros, Judit, Wincker, Patrick, Winkler, Sylke, Ciofi, Claudio, Waterhouse, Robert M., and Mazzoni, Camila J.

Published
2024
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28. HDAC3 genetic and pharmacologic inhibition radiosensitizes fusion positive rhabdomyosarcoma by promoting DNA double-strand breaks

Author

Cassandri, Matteo, Porrazzo, Antonella, Pomella, Silvia, Noce, Beatrice, Zwergel, Clemens, Aiello, Francesca Antonella, Vulcano, Francesca, Milazzo, Luisa, Camero, Simona, Pajalunga, Deborah, Spada, Massimo, Manzi, Valeria, Gravina, Giovanni Luca, Codenotti, Silvia, Piccione, Michela, Tomaciello, Miriam, Signore, Michele, Barillari, Giovanni, Marchese, Cinzia, Fanzani, Alessandro, De Angelis, Biagio, Quintarelli, Concetta, Vakoc, Christopher R., Chen, Eleanor Y., Megiorni, Francesca, Locatelli, Franco, Valente, Sergio, Mai, Antonello, Rota, Rossella, and Marampon, Francesco

Published
2024
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34. The perennially ice-covered Lake Enigma, Antarctica supports unique microbial communities

Author

Francesco Smedile, Violetta La Cono, Stefano Urbini, Giovanni Benedetti, Gina La Spada, Francesca Crisafi, Maurizio Azzaro, Nunziatina Porcino, Stefano Fazi, Stefano Amalfitano, Franco Tassi, Orlando Vaselli, Stefania Venturi, Michael T. Madigan, John E. Hallsworth, and Michail M. Yakimov

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Abstract Northern Foothills of Victoria Land, Antarctica contains numerous hydrological formations, ranging from small surface streams and ponds fed by glacial or snow meltwater to permafrost lakes containing briny pockets. Here we describe the discovery of a massive body of unfrozen stratified oligotrophic water in Lake Enigma, a permanently ice-covered lake previously thought to be frozen from top to bottom. A remarkable feature of the Lake Enigma microbial ecosystem is the presence, and sometimes even dominance, of ultrasmall bacteria belonging to the superphylum Patescibacteria, a group apparently absent from Antarctic lakes in the well-studied McMurdo Dry Valleys. Cyanobacteria are virtually absent from Lake Enigma ice and water column although they are well represented in its extensive and diverse benthic microbial mats. Collectively, these features reveal a new complexity in Antarctic lake food webs and demonstrate that in addition to phototrophic and simple chemotrophic metabolisms, both symbiotic and predatory lifestyles may exist.

Published
2024
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35. The evolution and current state of bariatric endoscopy in Western countries

Author

Maria Valeria Matteo, Vincenzo Bove, Valerio Pontecorvi, Loredana Gualtieri, Giorgio Carlino, Cristiano Spada, and Ivo Boškoski

Subjects
bariatrics, gastrointestinal endoscopy, obesity, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

With the alarmingly increasing prevalence of obesity in the Western world, it has become necessary to provide more acceptable treatment options for patients with obesity. Minimally invasive endoscopic techniques are continuously evolving. Currently, metabolic and bariatric endoscopies encompass several different techniques that can offer significant weight loss and improvement in comorbidities with a favorable safety profile. Restrictive bariatric procedures include the use of intragastric balloons and gastric remodeling techniques with different suturing devices. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of these techniques that are widely used in clinical practice. Small intestine-targeted metabolic endoscopy is an intriguing and rapidly evolving field of research, although it is not widespread in routine practice. These techniques include duodenal-jejunal bypass liners, duodenal mucosal resurfacing, and incisionless anastomoses. The aim of this review article is to provide a detailed update on the currently available bariatric endoscopy techniques in Western countries.

Published
2024
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36. Triheptanoin in patients with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders: clinical experience in Italy

Author

Francesco Porta, Arianna Maiorana, Vincenza Gragnaniello, Elena Procopio, Serena Gasperini, Roberta Taurisano, Marco Spada, Carlo Dionisi-Vici, and Alberto Burlina

Subjects
Inherited metabolic disorders, Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders, Medium-chain triglyceride oil, Triheptanoin, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Abstract Background Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are rare and potentially life-threatening diseases that cause deficient energy production and accumulation of toxic metabolites. Despite dietary management, adherence to maximum fasting guidelines, restricted long-chain triglyceride intake and supplementation with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil (current standard of care), most patients experience recurrent decompensation episodes that can require hospitalisation. Herein, we analysed the effectiveness and safety of triheptanoin (a highly purified, synthetic medium odd-chain triglyceride) treatment in a cohort of Italian patients with LC-FAOD. Methods This retrospective, nationwide study included nine patients with LC-FAOD who switched from standard therapy with MCT oil to triheptanoin oral liquid. Data were collected between 2018 and 2022. Clinical outcome measures were the number and duration of intercurrent catabolic episodes and number and duration of metabolic decompensation episodes requiring hospitalisation. Creatine kinase (CK) levels and treatment-related adverse effects were also reported. Results Patients were provided a mean ± standard deviation (SD) triheptanoin dose of 1.5 ± 0.9 g/kg/day in four divided administrations, which accounted for 23.9 ± 8.9% of patients’ total daily caloric intake. Triheptanoin treatment was started between 2.7 and 16 years of age and was continued for 2.2 ± 0.9 years. The number of intercurrent catabolic episodes during triheptanoin treatment was significantly lower than during MCT therapy (4.3 ± 5.3 vs 22.0 ± 22.2; p = 0.034), as were the number of metabolic decompensations requiring hospitalisation (mean ± SD: 2.0 ± 2.5 vs 18.3 ± 17.7; p = 0.014), and annualised hospitalisation rates and duration. Mean CK levels (outside metabolic decompensation episodes) were lower with triheptanoin treatment versus MCT oil for seven patients. No intensive care unit admissions were required during triheptanoin treatment. Epigastric pain and diarrhoea were recorded as adverse effects during both MCT and triheptanoin treatment. Conclusions The significant improvement in clinical outcome measures after the administration of triheptanoin highlights that this treatment approach can be more effective than MCT supplementation in patients with LC-FAOD. Triheptanoin was well tolerated and decreased the number of intercurrent catabolic episodes, metabolic decompensation episodes requiring hospitalisation, and the annualised rate and duration of hospitalisations.

Published
2024
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37. Tracing Topic Evolution in Higher Education: A Text Mining Study on Italian Universities

Author

Irene Spada, Vito Giordano, Filippo Chiarello, Marco Abate, Francesca M. Dovetto, and Gualtiero Fantoni

Abstract

In the last decade, the fast technological and social transformations have been placing new demands on Higher Education (HE) systems to update their educational offers. Grounded in the broader discourse on the impact of such transformation on HE, this article relies on Text Mining (TM). We consider as a case study the Italian HE system, providing an overview of the university education in the last 10 Academic Years. We automatically analyse 54,535 learning outcomes of degree programmes to identify the relevant topics with Named Entity Recognition, a technique of TM. For each topic, we measured its trend in time and coverage on a geographical basis and in the disciplinary fields. We detected 6062 different topics, among these the most growing are artificial intelligence, sustainability, rare diseases, and ethics. The findings reveal that topics related to hard sciences register higher occurrence than the ones concerning humanities and social sciences. Furthermore, we observed that universities are overcoming the boundaries of disciplinary fields, promoting knowledge contamination and vertical specialisation. The proposed approach can advance studies in HE literature for effective and efficient analysis. The findings can inform policies and practices in HE on evolving learning outcomes and educational offerings, even across different countries and disciplines.

Published
2024
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38. Virtual Reality in Ergonomics by Wearable Devices: Experiences from the Automotive Sector

Author

Chiara Carnazzo, Stefania Spada, Sebastiano Lamacchia, Federico Manuri, Andrea Sanna, and Maria Pia Cavatorta

Abstract

Purpose: Preventive ergonomics is essential to protecting the health and safety of workers as is recognizing human variability. The purpose of this paper is to describe a Unity-based application designed for three-dimensional postural analysis and visualizations using motion capture data. Integration with virtual reality (VR) technologies allows the user to be immersed in the simulated working environment without the need for a physical prototype. The proposed application aims to facilitate the application of ergonomic principles in workplace design and assessment for a proactive, participatory and inclusive approach to worker well-being. Design/methodology/approach: The authors developed an application that leverages motion capturing techniques and VR technologies and aims to support the analysts in the ergonomic assessment of physical prototypes as well as future workplaces. An innovative postural prediction module helps the analyst understanding what postures different users are likely to assume in the interaction with the workplace from a single data record. Findings: The functionalities of the proposed application are illustrated on some case studies, presenting how different information is made available and can support workplace analysts and designers in an industrial context. Originality/value: This paper provides insights into the experience and research carried out by an automotive company in the application of wearable sensors and VR to support a proactive and participatory approach to workplace ergonomics.

Published
2024
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39. The COLT Observation Scheme: Digital Versions and Updated Research Applications. Language Learning & Language Teaching. Volume 60. Second Revised Edition

Author

Nina Spada and Nina Spada

Abstract

This volume presents the second edition of the "Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) Observation Scheme." Since the book's original publication, COLT has become well established as a research instrument in L2 teaching and learning. This new edition brings COLT into the 21st century by introducing digital versions of the scheme and describing how advances in technology have made the collection, coding, analysis, and synthesis of classroom data faster and more efficient. Enhancements include the availability of web-based platforms for the coding, sharing and storage of data, the application of artificial intelligence in the coding of classroom observation data, numeric coding systems, and ongoing work in the use of automatic speech recognition for faster transcription. The volume has a similar organizational structure to the original COLT book with the addition of a new chapter on Digital COLT (Part A), a new section on Numeric COLT (Part B), and an expanded final chapter that includes updated summaries reporting on the use of COLT for a wide range of research purposes in diverse L2 contexts. As with the first edition, the material is presented in a user-friendly manner with examples, illustrations and hands-on activities throughout. It is intended for both novice and experienced researchers investigating teaching and learning in L2 classrooms and in teacher education/reflective practice research.

Published
2024

40. Relationship between the moment of inertia and the $k_2$ Love number of fluid extra-solar planets

Author

Consorzi, Anastasia, Melini, Daniele, and Spada, Giorgio

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Context: Tidal and rotational deformation of fluid giant extra-solar planets may impact their transit light curves, making the $k_2$ Love number observable in the upcoming years. Studying the sensitivity of $k_2$ to mass concentration at depth is thus expected to provide new constraints on the internal structure of gaseous extra-solar planets. Aims: We investigate the link between the mean polar moment of inertia $N$ of a fluid, stably layered extra-solar planet and its $k_2$ Love number, aiming at obtaining analytical relationships valid, at least, for some particular ranges of the model parameters. We also seek a general, approximate relationship useful to constrain $N$ once observations of $k_2$ will become available. Methods: For two-layer fluid extra-solar planets, we explore the relationship between $N$ and $k_2$ by analytical methods, for particular values of the model parameters. We also explore approximate relationships valid over all the possible range of two-layer models. More complex planetary structures are investigated by the semi-analytical propagator technique. Results: A unique relationship between $N$ and $k_2$ cannot be established. However, our numerical experiments show that a `rule of thumb' can be inferred, valid for complex, randomly layered stable planetary structures. The rule robustly defines the upper limit to the values of $N$ for a given $k_2$, and agrees with analytical results for a polytrope of index one and with a realistic non-rotating model of the tidal equilibrium of Jupiter., Comment: Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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41. Skeletal muscle TFEB signaling promotes central nervous system function and reduces neuroinflammation during aging and neurodegenerative disease.

Author

Matthews, Ian, Birnbaum, Allison, Gromova, Anastasia, Huang, Amy, Liu, Kailin, Liu, Eleanor, Coutinho, Kristen, McGraw, Megan, Patterson, Dalton, Banks, Macy, Nobles, Amber, Nguyen, Nhat, Merrihew, Gennifer, Wang, Lu, Baeuerle, Eric, Fernandez, Elizabeth, Musi, Nicolas, MacCoss, Michael, Miranda, Helen, Cortes, Constanza, and La Spada, Albert

Subjects
CP: Neuroscience, TFEB, aging, brain, exercise, muscle, neurodegeneration, tau, Mice, Animals, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Transcription Factors, Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Muscle, Skeletal, Mice, Transgenic, Aging, Central Nervous System, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
Abstract

Skeletal muscle has recently arisen as a regulator of central nervous system (CNS) function and aging, secreting bioactive molecules known as myokines with metabolism-modifying functions in targeted tissues, including the CNS. Here, we report the generation of a transgenic mouse with enhanced skeletal muscle lysosomal and mitochondrial function via targeted overexpression of transcription factor E-B (TFEB). We discovered that the resulting geroprotective effects in skeletal muscle reduce neuroinflammation and the accumulation of tau-associated pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of tauopathy. Muscle-specific TFEB overexpression significantly ameliorates proteotoxicity, reduces neuroinflammation, and promotes transcriptional remodeling of the aged CNS, preserving cognition and memory in aged mice. Our results implicate the maintenance of skeletal muscle function throughout aging in direct regulation of CNS health and disease and suggest that skeletal muscle originating factors may act as therapeutic targets against age-associated neurodegenerative disorders.

Published
2023

42. Senataxin helicase, the causal gene defect in ALS4, is a significant modifier of C9orf72 ALS G4C2 and arginine-containing dipeptide repeat toxicity.

Author

Bennett, Craig, Dastidar, Somasish, Arnold, Frederick, McKinstry, Spencer, Stockford, Cameron, Freibaum, Brian, Sopher, Bryce, Wu, Meilin, Seidner, Glen, Joiner, William, Taylor, J, West, Ryan, and La Spada, Albert

Subjects
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, C9orf72, Dipeptide repeat, Drosophila, Nucleolus, Senataxin, Humans, Animals, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Dipeptides, C9orf72 Protein, Arginine, HEK293 Cells, Motor Neurons, Drosophila, RNA, Frontotemporal Dementia, DNA Repeat Expansion, DNA Helicases, RNA Helicases, Multifunctional Enzymes
Abstract

Identifying genetic modifiers of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may reveal targets for therapeutic modulation with potential application to sporadic ALS. GGGGCC (G4C2) repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene underlie the most common form of familial ALS, and generate toxic arginine-containing dipeptide repeats (DPRs), which interfere with membraneless organelles, such as the nucleolus. Here we considered senataxin (SETX), the genetic cause of ALS4, as a modifier of C9orf72 ALS, because SETX is a nuclear helicase that may regulate RNA-protein interactions involved in ALS dysfunction. After documenting that decreased SETX expression enhances arginine-containing DPR toxicity and C9orf72 repeat expansion toxicity in HEK293 cells and primary neurons, we generated SETX fly lines and evaluated the effect of SETX in flies expressing either (G4C2)58 repeats or glycine-arginine-50 [GR(50)] DPRs. We observed dramatic suppression of disease phenotypes in (G4C2)58 and GR(50) Drosophila models, and detected a striking relocalization of GR(50) out of the nucleolus in flies co-expressing SETX. Next-generation GR(1000) fly models, that show age-related motor deficits in climbing and movement assays, were similarly rescued with SETX co-expression. We noted that the physical interaction between SETX and arginine-containing DPRs is partially RNA-dependent. Finally, we directly assessed the nucleolus in cells expressing GR-DPRs, confirmed reduced mobility of proteins trafficking to the nucleolus upon GR-DPR expression, and found that SETX dosage modulated nucleolus liquidity in GR-DPR-expressing cells and motor neurons. These findings reveal a hitherto unknown connection between SETX function and cellular processes contributing to neuron demise in the most common form of familial ALS.

Published
2023

46. Epidemiology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a review and protocol presentation for bridging tumor registry data with the Italian association for neuroendocrine tumors (Itanet) national database

Author

Panzuto, Francesco, Partelli, Stefano, Campana, Davide, de Braud, Filippo, Spada, Francesca, Cives, Mauro, Tafuto, Salvatore, Bertuzzi, Alexia, Gelsomino, Fabio, Bergamo, Francesca, Marcucci, Stefano, Mastrangelo, Laura, Massironi, Sara, Appetecchia, Marialuisa, Filice, Angelina, Badalamenti, Giuseppe, Bartolomei, Mirco, Amoroso, Vito, Landoni, Luca, Rodriquenz, Maria Grazia, Valente, Monica, Colao, Annamaria, Isidori, Andrea, Fanciulli, Giuseppe, Bollina, Roberto, Ciola, Michele, Butturini, Giovanni, Marconcini, Riccardo, Arvat, Emanuela, Cinieri, Saverio, Berardi, Rossana, Baldari, Sergio, Riccardi, Ferdinando, Spoto, Chiara, Giuffrida, Dario, Gattuso, Domenico, Ferone, Diego, Rinzivillo, Maria, Bertani, Emilio, Versari, Annibale, Zerbi, Alessandro, Lamberti, Giuseppe, Lauricella, Eleonora, Pusceddu, Sara, Fazio, Nicola, Dell’Unto, Elisabetta, Marini, Marco, and Falconi, Massimo

Published
2024
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47. Attractive Solution of Binary Bose Mixtures: Liquid-Vapor Coexistence and Critical Point

Author

Spada, Gabriele, Pilati, Sebastiano, and Giorgini, Stefano

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We study the thermodynamic behavior of attractive binary Bose mixtures using exact path-integral Monte-Carlo methods. Our focus is on the regime of interspecies interactions where the ground state is in a self-bound liquid phase, stabilized by beyond mean-field effects. We calculate the isothermal curves in the pressure vs density plane for different values of the attraction strength and establish the extent of the coexistence region between liquid and vapor using the Maxwell construction. Notably, within the coexistence region, Bose-Einstein condensation occurs in a discontinuous way as the density jumps from the normal gas to the superfluid liquid phase. Furthermore, we determine the critical point where the line of first-order transition ends and investigate the behavior of the density discontinuity in its vicinity. We also point out that the density discontinuity at the transition could be observed in experiments of mixtures in traps., Comment: v1: 6 pages, 5 figures. Supplemental material: 4 pages, 2 figures. Data available on zenodo.org; v2: minor improvements, matches PRL published version

Published
2023
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48. Revisiting the trajectory of the interstellar object 'Oumuamua: preference for a radially directed non-gravitational acceleration?

Author

Spada, Federico

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

I present a re-analysis of the available observational constraints on the trajectory of 'Oumuamua, the first confirmed interstellar object discovered in the solar system. 'Oumuamua passed through the inner solar system on a hyperbolic (i.e., unbound) trajectory. Its discovery occurred after perihelion passage, and near the time of its closest approach to Earth. After being observable for approximately four months, the object became too faint and was lost at a heliocentric distance of around 3 au. Intriguingly, analysis of the trajectory of 'Oumuamua revealed that a dynamical model including only gravitational accelerations does not provide a satisfactory fit of the data, and a non-gravitational term must be included. The detected non-gravitational acceleration is compatible with either solar radiation pressure or recoil due to outgassing. It has, however, proved challenging to reconcile either interpretation with the existing quantitative models of such effects without postulating unusual physical properties for 'Oumuamua (such as extremely low density and/or unusual geometry, non-standard chemistry). My analysis independently confirms the detection of the non-gravitational acceleration. After comparing several possible parametrizations for this effects, I find a strong preference for a radially directed non-gravitational acceleration, pointing away from the Sun, and a moderate preference for a power-law scaling with the heliocentric distance, with an exponent between 1 and 2. These results provide valuable constraints on the physical mechanism behind the effect; a conclusive identification, however, is probably not possible on the basis of dynamical arguments alone., Comment: MATLAB code will be shared upon reasonable request to the author. Comments are welcome!

Published
2023

49. Lessons learned after three years of SPIDER operation and the first MITICA integrated tests

Author

Marcuzzi, D., Toigo, V., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Bello, S. Dal, Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Pasqualotto, R., Pavei, M., Serianni, G., Zanotto, L., Agnello, R., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Berton, G., Bigi, M., Brombin, M., Candela, V., Candeloro, V., Canton, A., Casagrande, R., Cavallini, C., Cavazzana, R., Cordaro, L., Cruz, N., Palma, M. Dalla, Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., De Nardi, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gasparrini, C., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., La Rosa, A., Lopez-Bruna, D., Lorenzini, R., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marconato, N., Mario, I., Martini, G., Milazzo, R., Patton, T., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Poggi, C., Pomaro, N., Pouradier-Duteil, B., Recchia, M., Rigoni-Garola, A., Rizzetto, D., Rizzolo, A., Santoro, F., Sartori, E., Segalini, B., Shepherd, A., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Tomsič, P., Trevisan, L., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Valisa, M., Veronese, F., Vignando, M., Zaccaria, P., Zagorski, R., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Zuin, M., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Decamps, H., Geli, F., Sharma, A., Veltri, P., Zacks, J., Simon, M., Paolucci, F., Garbuglia, A., Gutierrez, D., Masiello, A., Mico, G., Labate, C., Readman, P., Bragulat, E., Bailly-Maitre, L., Gomez, G., Kouzmenko, G., Albajar, F., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Kojima, A., Murayama, M., Hatakeyama, S., Oshita, E., Maejima, T., Shibata, N., Yamashita, Y., Watanabe, K., Singh, N. P., Singh, M. J., Dhola, H., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Wimmer, C., Wünderlich, D., Tsumori, K., Croci, G., Gorini, G., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., Giacomelli, L., Rigamonti, D., Taccogna, F., Bruno, D., Rutigliano, M., Longo, S., Deambrosis, S., Miorin, E., Montagner, F., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

ITER envisages the use of two heating neutral beam injectors plus an optional one as part of the auxiliary heating and current drive system. The 16.5 MW expected neutral beam power per injector is several notches higher than worldwide existing facilities. A Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was established at Consorzio RFX, exploiting the synergy of two test beds, SPIDER and MITICA. SPIDER is dedicated to developing and characterizing large efficient negative ion sources at relevant parameters in ITER-like conditions: source and accelerator located in the same vacuum where the beam propagates, immunity to electromagnetic interferences of multiple radio-frequency (RF) antennas, avoidance of RF-induced discharges on the outside of the source. Three years of experiments on SPIDER have addressed to the necessary design modifications to enable full performances. The source is presently under a long shut-down phase to incorporate learnings from the experimental campaign. Parallelly, developments on MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER NBI featuring a 1 MV accelerator and ion neutralization, are underway including manufacturing of in-vessel components, while power supplies and auxiliary plants are already under final testing and commissioning. Integration, commissioning and tests of the 1MV power supplies are essential for this first-of-kind system, unparalleled both in research and industry field. The integrated test to confirm 1MV output by combining invertor systems, DC generators and transmission lines extracted errors/accidents in some components. To realize a concrete system for ITER, solutions for the repair and the improvement of the system were developed. Hence, NBTF is emerging as a necessary facility, due to the large gap with existing injectors, effectively dedicated to identify issues and find solutions to enable successful ITER NBI operations in a time bound fashion.

Published
2023
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50. The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

Author

Ann M. Mc Cartney, Giulio Formenti, Alice Mouton, Diego De Panis, Luísa S. Marins, Henrique G. Leitão, Genevieve Diedericks, Joseph Kirangwa, Marco Morselli, Judit Salces-Ortiz, Nuria Escudero, Alessio Iannucci, Chiara Natali, Hannes Svardal, Rosa Fernández, Tim De Pooter, Geert Joris, Mojca Strazisar, Jonathan M. D. Wood, Katie E. Herron, Ole Seehausen, Phillip C. Watts, Felix Shaw, Robert P. Davey, Alice Minotto, José M. Fernández, Astrid Böhne, Carla Alegria, Tyler Alioto, Paulo C. Alves, Isabel R. Amorim, Jean-Marc Aury, Niclas Backstrom, Petr Baldrian, Laima Baltrunaite, Endre Barta, Bertrand BedHom, Caroline Belser, Johannes Bergsten, Laurie Bertrand, Helena Bilandija, Mahesh Binzer-Panchal, Iliana Bista, Mark Blaxter, Paulo A. V. Borges, Guilherme Borges Dias, Mirte Bosse, Tom Brown, Rémy Bruggmann, Elena Buena-Atienza, Josephine Burgin, Elena Buzan, Alessia Cariani, Nicolas Casadei, Matteo Chiara, Sergio Chozas, Fedor Čiampor, Angelica Crottini, Corinne Cruaud, Fernando Cruz, Love Dalen, Alessio De Biase, Javier del Campo, Teo Delic, Alice B. Dennis, Martijn F. L. Derks, Maria Angela Diroma, Mihajla Djan, Simone Duprat, Klara Eleftheriadi, Philine G. D. Feulner, Jean-François Flot, Giobbe Forni, Bruno Fosso, Pascal Fournier, Christine Fournier-Chambrillon, Toni Gabaldon, Shilpa Garg, Carmela Gissi, Luca Giupponi, Jessica Gomez-Garrido, Josefa González, Miguel L. Grilo, Björn Grüning, Thomas Guerin, Nadege Guiglielmoni, Marta Gut, Marcel P. Haesler, Christoph Hahn, Balint Halpern, Peter W. Harrison, Julia Heintz, Maris Hindrikson, Jacob Höglund, Kerstin Howe, Graham M. Hughes, Benjamin Istace, Mark J. Cock, Franc Janžekovič, Zophonias O. Jonsson, Sagane Joye-Dind, Janne J. Koskimäki, Boris Krystufek, Justyna Kubacka, Heiner Kuhl, Szilvia Kusza, Karine Labadie, Meri Lähteenaro, Henrik Lantz, Anton Lavrinienko, Lucas Leclère, Ricardo Jorge Lopes, Ole Madsen, Ghislaine Magdelenat, Giulia Magoga, Tereza Manousaki, Tapio Mappes, Joao Pedro Marques, Gemma I. Martinez Redondo, Florian Maumus, Shane A. McCarthy, Hendrik-Jan Megens, Jose Melo-Ferreira, Sofia L. Mendes, Matteo Montagna, Joao Moreno, Mai-Britt Mosbech, Mónica Moura, Zuzana Musilova, Eugene Myers, Will J. Nash, Alexander Nater, Pamela Nicholson, Manuel Niell, Reindert Nijland, Benjamin Noel, Karin Noren, Pedro H. Oliveira, Remi-Andre Olsen, Lino Ometto, Rebekah A. Oomen, Stephan Ossowski, Vaidas Palinauskas, Snaebjorn Palsson, Jerome P. Panibe, Joana Pauperio, Martina Pavlek, Emilie Payen, Julia Pawlowska, Jaume Pellicer, Graziano Pesole, Joao Pimenta, Martin Pippel, Anna Maria Pirttilä, Nikos Poulakakis, Jeena Rajan, Rúben M.C. Rego, Roberto Resendes, Philipp Resl, Ana Riesgo, Patrik Rodin-Morch, Andre E. R. Soares, Carlos Rodriguez Fernandes, Maria M. Romeiras, Guilherme Roxo, Lukas Rüber, Maria Jose Ruiz-Lopez, Urmas Saarma, Luis P. da Silva, Manuela Sim-Sim, Lucile Soler, Vitor C. Sousa, Carla Sousa Santos, Alberto Spada, Milomir Stefanovic, Viktor Steger, Josefin Stiller, Matthias Stöck, Torsten H. Struck, Hiranya Sudasinghe, Riikka Tapanainen, Christian Tellgren-Roth, Helena Trindade, Yevhen Tukalenko, Ilenia Urso, Benoit Vacherie, Steven M. Van Belleghem, Kees Van Oers, Carlos Vargas-Chavez, Nevena Velickovic, Noel Vella, Adriana Vella, Cristiano Vernesi, Sara Vicente, Sara Villa, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, Filip A. M. Volckaert, Judit Voros, Patrick Wincker, Sylke Winkler, Claudio Ciofi, Robert M. Waterhouse, and Camila J. Mazzoni

Subjects
General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Abstract A genomic database of all Earth’s eukaryotic species could contribute to many scientific discoveries; however, only a tiny fraction of species have genomic information available. In 2018, scientists across the world united under the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), aiming to produce a database of high-quality reference genomes containing all ~1.5 million recognized eukaryotic species. As the European node of the EBP, the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) sought to implement a new decentralised, equitable and inclusive model for producing reference genomes. For this, ERGA launched a Pilot Project establishing the first distributed reference genome production infrastructure and testing it on 98 eukaryotic species from 33 European countries. Here we outline the infrastructure and explore its effectiveness for scaling high-quality reference genome production, whilst considering equity and inclusion. The outcomes and lessons learned provide a solid foundation for ERGA while offering key learnings to other transnational, national genomic resource projects and the EBP.

Published
2024
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