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Final version of the EURAKNOS project Data Management Plan

HIKR technical guidelines

Outcomes of the kick off meeting – including the outcomes of the Strategic Innovation Board

Outcome of the 2nd consortium meeting held online June 15th till June 17th, 2020

Presentation given at the Paris meeting presentation from the working group for Task 3.3 - CD&E

Additional file 1. Annex I. Questionnaire for the face-to-face interviews.

Mangroves are unique coastal ecosystems, located in tropical and subtropical regions. Yet, the functioning of these essential ecosystems is threatened by the presence of pollutants, including pesticides originating from agricultural activities. We investigated pesticide residues in the Guayas estuarine environment, since agricultural activities rapidly increased in the Guayas river basin over the past decades. A multi-residue analysis involving a selection of 88 pesticides was performed on the white meat and the hepatopancreas of the red mangrove crab (Ucides Occidentalis) at 15 sampling sites within the Guayas estuary along with water, sediment, and leaves samples. We found that 35 active compounds were present in the Guayas estuary, of which pyrimethanil was most commonly detected and had the highest concentrations in almost all compartments. Also, cadusafos was present in all studied compartments of the Guayas mangrove system and several prohibited pesticides (including carbendazim, carbofuran, and parathion) were detected. An ecotoxicological and probabilistic consumer risk assessment pointed out that current butachlor, carbendazim, and fludioxonil concentrations can cause adverse effects in aquatic organisms in the long term. Moreover, high potential acute and chronic risks of cadusafos residues on aquatic invertebrates and of diuron on algae in the Guayas wetlands were observed. Still, the exposure results indicated that the health risk for the consumers of the commercial red mangrove crab is low concerning cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, diuron, linuron, and pyrimethanil residues in crab tissues. The findings presented in this research can provide a useful basis for local water managers and environmental conservation groups to act and reduce the usage of pesticides, to avoid threatening aquatic and human health.

The transfer of two insecticides (acetamiprid and chlorpyrifos) from cotton fields to a nearby water reservoir together with the ecotoxicological risks involved for this receiving environment were assessed by measuring their concentrations in runoff water and sediment samples collected both at the exit of the crop plots and in the reservoir after treatment. The multi-residue method by UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the concentration of the different active substances in the collected samples. The results obtained indicate that acetamiprid and chlorpyrifos are almost always present regardless of the treatment period. The physico-chemical properties (solubility in water and adsorption to soil particles) explain a difference in behaviour between acetamiprid, present mainly in water, and chlorpyrifos, more concentrated in sediments. Calculations show that 0.005% of the acetamiprid applied in the basin around Gambanè flows to the reservoir, compared to 0.0003% of the chlorpyrifos applied. Depending on the sampling dates, the average runoff quantities for acetamiprid vary from 0.002 to 0.156 g/ha over 96 g/ha and from 0.001 to 0.039 g/ha for chlorpyrifos. The study shows that the transfer by runoff from the fields is relatively fast but is nevertheless influenced by rainfall, the distance of the fields to the reservoir, the slope and the characteristics of the environment. At the concentrations of acetamiprid observed in this receiving environment, the ecotoxicological risk would be negligible (Environmental Risk Index = 4) for aquatic organisms, earthworms and birds. However, concentrations of chlorpyrifos in the environment could be harmful to these organisms (Environmental Risk Index = 272). The aquatic ecosystem in this area is therefore exposed to the harmful effects of these active substances. Key words: acetamiprid; chlorpyrifos; UPLC-MS/MS; cotton