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3. The quantification of di-octyl terephthalate and calcium carbonate in polyvinyl chloride using Fourier transform-infrared and Raman spectroscopy

Author

Irvin, KS, Potgieter, JH, Liauw, C, Sparkes, R, Potgieter-Vermaak, S, Irvin, KS, Potgieter, JH, Liauw, C, Sparkes, R, and Potgieter-Vermaak, S

Abstract

The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) industry relies heavily on material property testing during the development of a product. Many of these testing procedures are outdated and time-consuming, resulting in high financial input. Non-destructive, fast, easy-to-use testing methods can significantly reduce the time required to quantify raw materials. We explored alternative analysis techniques, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy to quantify the main components within a plasticised PVC (pPVC) compound with dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) plasticizer and calcium carbonate filler. This can reduce costs in the testing and development of new products up to 50%. We prepared 36 samples with varying proportions of DOTP and calcium carbonate and analyzed them using a Raman Microscope and FT-IR Spectrometer. We found a strong correlation (R2 = 0.923) between DOTP and FT-IR spectroscopy data, as well as a strong correlation (FT-IR R2 = 0.910; Raman R2 = 0.813) between the calcium carbonate and data obtained with both spectroscopies. We reported for the first-time correlations that could be used to determine the raw material levels within pPVC provided by both techniques. Five samples were then made and tested, showing some success in the quantification. This study provided a solid baseline for reducing the time taken to make a recommendation from >168 h to <1 h and therefore reducing the costs of product development by up to 50%.

Published
2022

4. Families' healthcare experiences for children with inherited metabolic diseases: protocol for a mixed methods cohort study

Author

Chow, A.J., Iverson, R., Lamoureux, M., Tingley, K., Jordan, I., Pallone, N., Smith, M., Al-Baldawi, Z., Chakraborty, P., Brehaut, J., Chan, A., Cohen, E., Dyack, S., Gillis, L.J., Goobie, S., Graham, I.D., Greenberg, C.R., Grimshaw, J.M., Hayeems, R.Z., Jain-Ghai, S., Jolly, A., Khangura, S., MacKenzie, J.J., Major, N., Mitchell, J.J., Nicholls, S.G., Pender, A., Potter, M., Prasad, C., Prosser, L.A., Schulze, A., Siriwardena, K., Sparkes, R., Speechley, K., Stockler, S., Taljaard, M., Teitelbaum, M., Trakadis, Y., Karnebeek, C.D. van, Walia, J.S., Wilson, B.J., Wilson, K., Potter, B.K., Chow, A.J., Iverson, R., Lamoureux, M., Tingley, K., Jordan, I., Pallone, N., Smith, M., Al-Baldawi, Z., Chakraborty, P., Brehaut, J., Chan, A., Cohen, E., Dyack, S., Gillis, L.J., Goobie, S., Graham, I.D., Greenberg, C.R., Grimshaw, J.M., Hayeems, R.Z., Jain-Ghai, S., Jolly, A., Khangura, S., MacKenzie, J.J., Major, N., Mitchell, J.J., Nicholls, S.G., Pender, A., Potter, M., Prasad, C., Prosser, L.A., Schulze, A., Siriwardena, K., Sparkes, R., Speechley, K., Stockler, S., Taljaard, M., Teitelbaum, M., Trakadis, Y., Karnebeek, C.D. van, Walia, J.S., Wilson, B.J., Wilson, K., and Potter, B.K.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 283114.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), INTRODUCTION: Children with inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) often have complex and intensive healthcare needs and their families face challenges in receiving high-quality, family centred health services. Improvement in care requires complex interventions involving multiple components and stakeholders, customised to specific care contexts. This study aims to comprehensively understand the healthcare experiences of children with IMDs and their families across Canada. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A two-stage explanatory sequential mixed methods design will be used. Stage 1: quantitative data on healthcare networks and encounter experiences will be collected from 100 parent/guardians through a care map, 2 baseline questionnaires and 17 weekly diaries over 5-7 months. Care networks will be analysed using social network analysis. Relationships between demographic or clinical variables and ratings of healthcare experiences across a range of family centred care dimensions will be analysed using generalised linear regression. Other quantitative data related to family experiences and healthcare experiences will be summarised descriptively. Ongoing analysis of quantitative data and purposive, maximum variation sampling will inform sample selection for stage 2: a subset of stage 1 participants will participate in one-on-one videoconference interviews to elaborate on the quantitative data regarding care networks and healthcare experiences. Interview data will be analysed thematically. Qualitative and quantitative data will be merged during analysis to arrive at an enhanced understanding of care experiences. Quantitative and qualitative data will be combined and presented narratively using a weaving approach (jointly on a theme-by-theme basis) and visually in a side-by-side joint display. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol and procedures were approved by the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario's Research Ethics Board, the University of Ottawa Research Ethics Board and t

Published
2022

5. Relative Rating - A Meaningless Measure.

Author

Sparkes, R. A.

Abstract

In Scotland, a school subject department's "performance" is determined by its "relative rating," which compares the mean grade that its candidates achieve in that subject's national examination with their mean grade in all other subjects. Analysis of 1997 Year-11 examination results demonstrates that the relative rating is completely useless as a measure of departmental effectiveness. (Contains 29 references.) (Author/SV)

Published
2000

7. Value Added: An Uncertain Measure.

Author

Sparkes, R. A.

Abstract

In Scotland, one "value added" (VA) indicator of secondary school effectiveness measures students' relative "progress" between Standard and Higher grade in particular subjects. When random nonschool factors affecting students' geography performance were computer-simulated to determine VA fluctuation over 25 years, the confidence intervals for most geography departments were very wide, making these departments indistinguishable. Contains 35 references. (Author/SV)

Published
1999

8. Undiagnosed Phenylketonuria Can Exist Everywhere: Results From an International Survey

Author

van Wegberg, Annemiek M.J., primary, Trefz, Friedrich, additional, Gizewska, Maria, additional, Ahmed, Sibtain, additional, Chabraoui, Layachi, additional, Zaki, Maha S., additional, Maillot, François, additional, van Spronsen, Francjan J., additional, Ahring, K., additional, Al Mutairi, F., additional, Arnoux, J.B., additional, Ballhausen, D., additional, Baruteau, J., additional, Bernstein, L., additional, Bijarnia-Mahay, S., additional, Boemer, F., additional, Bordugo, A., additional, Brodosi, L., additional, Brooks, S., additional, Chew, H.B., additional, Chyz, K., additional, Coker, M., additional, Collingwood, C., additional, Cornejo, V., additional, Couce, M.L., additional, Cozens, A., additional, Dahri, S., additional, Das, A.M., additional, de Laet, C., additional, de las Heras Montero, J., additional, de Vreugd, A., additional, Debray, F.G., additional, Dercksen, M., additional, Descartes, M., additional, Diogo, L., additional, Drogari, E., additional, Eiroa, H., additional, Eminoglu, F.T., additional, Enns, G.M., additional, Eyskens, F., additional, Feillet, F., additional, Ford, S., additional, Franzson, L., additional, Freisinger, P., additional, Garcia, P., additional, Grafakou, O., additional, Gramer, G., additional, Gray, S., additional, Groselj, U., additional, Grünert, S.C., additional, Haas, D., additional, Handoom, B., additional, Harte, T.B., additional, Hendriksz, C., additional, Heredia, R.S., additional, Hertecant, J., additional, Hoi-Yee Wu, T., additional, Inwood, A., additional, Jamuar, S.S., additional, Jesina, P., additional, Jonsson, J.J., additional, Jovanovic, A., additional, Kern, I., additional, Kilavuz, S., additional, Knerr, I., additional, Kor, D., additional, Korycinska-Chaaban, D., additional, Kreile, M., additional, Kumru, B., additional, Lanpher, B., additional, Lapatto, R., additional, Lavigne, C., additional, Leao-Teles, E., additional, Leuzzi, V., additional, Longo, N., additional, Lopez-Uriarte, A., additional, Lubout, C.M.A., additional, MacDonald, A., additional, Megdad, E.M., additional, Mitchell, J., additional, Mochel, F., additional, Moreno-Lozano, P.J., additional, Morris, A., additional, Moura de Souza, C.F., additional, Munoz, T., additional, Nevalainen, P.I., additional, Oscarson, M., additional, Õunap, K., additional, Paci, S., additional, Pastores, G.M., additional, Pearl, P.L., additional, Piazzon, F.B., additional, Pitt, J., additional, Poon, G., additional, Porta, F., additional, Presner, N., additional, Rabaty, A.A., additional, Reinson, K., additional, Reismann, P., additional, Rink, T., additional, Rocha, J.C., additional, Rodrigues, E., additional, Saini, A.G., additional, Sanchez-Valle, A., additional, Sander, J., additional, Sarkhail, P., additional, Schwartz, I.V.D., additional, Sharma, R., additional, Sheng, B., additional, Siriwardena, K., additional, Sirrs, S., additional, Sjarif, D.R., additional, Sondheimer, N., additional, Sparkes, R., additional, Specola, N., additional, Stepien, K.M., additional, Szatmari, I., additional, Tchan, M., additional, Tkemaladze, T., additional, Tran, C., additional, Valle, M.G., additional, Vela-Amieva, M., additional, Verdaguer, M.L., additional, Vergano, S.A., additional, Vermeersch, P., additional, Vulturar, R., additional, Wagenmakers, M.A.E.M., additional, Weinhold, N., additional, Williams, A.B., additional, Wilson, W.G., additional, Zafeiriou, D., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Ziagaki, A., additional, and Zolkowska, J., additional

Published
2021
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23. Undiagnosed Phenylketonuria Can Exist Everywhere: Results From an International Survey

Author

Ahring, K., Al Mutairi, F., Arnoux, J.B., Ballhausen, D., Baruteau, J., Bernstein, L., Bijarnia-Mahay, S., Boemer, F., Bordugo, A., Brodosi, L., Brooks, S., Chew, H.B., Chyz, K., Coker, M., Collingwood, C., Cornejo, V., Couce, M.L., Cozens, A., Dahri, S., Das, A.M., de Laet, C., de las Heras Montero, J., de Vreugd, A., Debray, F.G., Dercksen, M., Descartes, M., Diogo, L., Drogari, E., Eiroa, H., Eminoglu, F.T., Enns, G.M., Eyskens, F., Feillet, F., Ford, S., Franzson, L., Freisinger, P., Garcia, P., Grafakou, O., Gramer, G., Gray, S., Groselj, U., Grünert, S.C., Haas, D., Handoom, B., Harte, T.B., Hendriksz, C., Heredia, R.S., Hertecant, J., Hoi-Yee Wu, T., Inwood, A., Jamuar, S.S., Jesina, P., Jonsson, J.J., Jovanovic, A., Kern, I., Kilavuz, S., Knerr, I., Kor, D., Korycinska-Chaaban, D., Kreile, M., Kumru, B., Lanpher, B., Lapatto, R., Lavigne, C., Leao-Teles, E., Leuzzi, V., Longo, N., Lopez-Uriarte, A., Lubout, C.M.A., MacDonald, A., Megdad, E.M., Mitchell, J., Mochel, F., Moreno-Lozano, P.J., Morris, A., Moura de Souza, C.F., Munoz, T., Nevalainen, P.I., Oscarson, M., Õunap, K., Paci, S., Pastores, G.M., Pearl, P.L., Piazzon, F.B., Pitt, J., Poon, G., Porta, F., Presner, N., Rabaty, A.A., Reinson, K., Reismann, P., Rink, T., Rocha, J.C., Rodrigues, E., Saini, A.G., Sanchez-Valle, A., Sander, J., Sarkhail, P., Schwartz, I.V.D., Sharma, R., Sheng, B., Siriwardena, K., Sirrs, S., Sjarif, D.R., Sondheimer, N., Sparkes, R., Specola, N., Stepien, K.M., Szatmari, I., Tchan, M., Tkemaladze, T., Tran, C., Valle, M.G., Vela-Amieva, M., Verdaguer, M.L., Vergano, S.A., Vermeersch, P., Vulturar, R., Wagenmakers, M.A.E.M., Weinhold, N., Williams, A.B., Wilson, W.G., Zafeiriou, D., Zhang, H., Ziagaki, A., Zolkowska, J., van Wegberg, Annemiek M.J., Trefz, Friedrich, Gizewska, Maria, Ahmed, Sibtain, Chabraoui, Layachi, Zaki, Maha S., Maillot, François, and van Spronsen, Francjan J.

Published
2021
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25. Microcomputers in Science Teaching.

Author

Sparkes, R. A.

Abstract

Outlines different ways to use microcomputers in science laboratories: (1) as electronic blackboards (simulations, data presentation, number crunching); (2) as universal laboratory instruments (control technology, sound output, time measurement, digital-analog conversions); (3) for educational management; and (4) for computer assisted learning. (DC)

Published
1982

33. The genomic landscape of balanced cytogenetic abnormalities associated with human congenital anomalies

Author

Redin, C. (Claire), Brand, H. (Harrison), Collins, R.L. (Ryan L.), Kammin, T. (Tammy), Mitchell, E. (Elyse), Hodge, J.C. (Jennelle C.), Hanscom, C. (Carrie), Pillalamarri, V. (Vamsee), Seabra, C.M. (Catarina M.), Abbott, M.-A. (Mary-Alice), Abdul-Rahman, O.A. (Omar), Aberg, E. (Erika), Adley, R. (Rhett), Alcaraz-Estrada, S.L. (Sofia L.), Alkuraya, F.S. (Fowzan S), An, Y. (Yu), Anderson, M.-A. (Mary-Anne), Antolik, C. (Caroline), Anyane-Yeboa, K. (Kwame), Atkin, J.F. (Joan), Bartell, T. (Tina), Bernstein, J.A. (Jonathan A.), Beyer, E. (Elizabeth), Blumenthal, I. (Ian), Bongers, E. (Ernie), Brilstra, E.H. (Eva H.), Brown, C.W. (Chester W.), Brüggenwirth, H.T. (Hennie), Callewaert, L., Chiang, C. (Colby), Corning, K. (Ken), Cox, H. (H.), Cuppen, E. (Edwin), Currall, B.B. (Benjamin B.), Cushing, T. (Tom), David, D. (Dezso), Deardorff, M.A. (Matthew), Dheedene, A. (Annelies), D'Hooghe, M. (Marc), Vries, B. (Boukje) de, Earl, D.L. (Dawn L.), Ferguson, H.L. (Heather L.), Fisher, H. (Heather), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David R.), Gerrol, P. (Pamela), Giachino, D. (Daniela), Glessner, J.T. (Joseph T.), Gliem, T. (Troy), Grady, M. (Margo), Graham, B.H. (Brett H.), Griffis, C. (Cristin), Gripp, K.W. (Karen), Gropman, A.L. (Andrea L.), Hanson-Kahn, A. (Andrea), Harris, D.J. (David J.), Hayden, M.A. (Mark A.), Hill, R. (Rosamund), Hochstenbach, R. (Ron), Hoffman, J.D. (Jodi D.), Hopkin, R., Hubshman, M.W. (Monika W.), Innes, M., Irons, M. (Mira), Irving, M. (Melita), Jacobsen, J.C. (Jessie C.), Janssens, S. (Sandra), Jewett, T. (Tamison), Johnson, J.P. (John P.), Jongmans, M.C.J. (Marjolijn), Kahler, S.G. (Stephen G.), Koolen, D.A. (David), Korzelius, J. (Jerome), Kroisel, P. (Peter), Lacassie, Y. (Yves), Lawless, W. (William), Lemyre, E. (Emmanuelle), Leppig, K. (Kathy), Levin, A.V. (Alex V.), Li, H. (Haibo), Li, H. (Hong), Liao, E.C. (Eric C.), Lim, C. (Cynthia), Lose, E.J. (Edward J.), Lucente, D. (Diane), MacEra, M.J. (Michael J.), Manavalan, P. (Poornima), Mandrile, G. (Giorgia), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Margolin, L. (Lauren), Mason, T. (Tamara), Masser-Frye, D. (Diane), McClellan, M.W. (Michael W.), Zepeda Mendoza, C.J. (Cinthya J.), Menten, B., Middelkamp, S. (Sjors), Mikami, L.R. (Liya R.), Moe, E. (Emily), Mohammed, S. (Shabaz), Mononen, T. (Tarja), Mortenson, M.E. (Megan E.), Moya, G. (Graciela), Nieuwint, A.W. (Aggie W.), Ordulu, Z. (Zehra), Parkash, S. (Sandhya), Pauker, S.P. (Susan P.), Pereira, S. (Shahrin), Perrin, D. (Danielle), Phelan, K. (Katy), Piña Aguilar, R.E. (Raul E.), Poddighe, P. (Pino), Pregno, G. (Giulia), Raskin, S. (Salmo), Reis, L. (Linda), Rhead, W. (William), Rita, D. (Debra), Renkens, I. (Ivo), Roelens, F. (Filip), Ruliera, J. (Jayla), Rump, P. (Patrick), Schilit, S.L.P. (Samantha L.P.), Shaheen, R. (Ranad), Sparkes, R. (Rebecca), Spiegel, E. (Erica), Stevens, B. (Blair), Stone, M.R. (Matthew R.), Tagoe, J. (Julia), Thakuria, J.V. (Joseph V.), Bon, B. (Bregje) van, van de Kamp, J.M. (Jiddeke M.), Van Der Burgt, I. (Ineke), Essen, T. (Ton) van, Ravenswaaij-Arts, C.M.A. (Conny) van, Van Roosmalen, M.J. (Markus J.), Vergult, S. (Sarah), Volker-Touw, C.M.L. (Catharina M.L.), Warburton, D. (Dorothy), Waterman, M.J. (Matthew J.), Wiley, S. (Susan), Wilson, A. (Anna), Yerena-De Vega, M.D.L.C.A. (Maria De La Concepcion A), Zori, R.T. (Roberto T.), Levy, B. (Brynn), Brunner, H.G. (Han), Leeuw, N. (Nicole) de, Kloosterman, W.P. (Wigard), Thorland, E.C. (Erik C.), Morton, C.C. (Cynthia), Gusella, J.F. (James), Talkowski, M.E. (Michael E.), Redin, C. (Claire), Brand, H. (Harrison), Collins, R.L. (Ryan L.), Kammin, T. (Tammy), Mitchell, E. (Elyse), Hodge, J.C. (Jennelle C.), Hanscom, C. (Carrie), Pillalamarri, V. (Vamsee), Seabra, C.M. (Catarina M.), Abbott, M.-A. (Mary-Alice), Abdul-Rahman, O.A. (Omar), Aberg, E. (Erika), Adley, R. (Rhett), Alcaraz-Estrada, S.L. (Sofia L.), Alkuraya, F.S. (Fowzan S), An, Y. (Yu), Anderson, M.-A. (Mary-Anne), Antolik, C. (Caroline), Anyane-Yeboa, K. (Kwame), Atkin, J.F. (Joan), Bartell, T. (Tina), Bernstein, J.A. (Jonathan A.), Beyer, E. (Elizabeth), Blumenthal, I. (Ian), Bongers, E. (Ernie), Brilstra, E.H. (Eva H.), Brown, C.W. (Chester W.), Brüggenwirth, H.T. (Hennie), Callewaert, L., Chiang, C. (Colby), Corning, K. (Ken), Cox, H. (H.), Cuppen, E. (Edwin), Currall, B.B. (Benjamin B.), Cushing, T. (Tom), David, D. (Dezso), Deardorff, M.A. (Matthew), Dheedene, A. (Annelies), D'Hooghe, M. (Marc), Vries, B. (Boukje) de, Earl, D.L. (Dawn L.), Ferguson, H.L. (Heather L.), Fisher, H. (Heather), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David R.), Gerrol, P. (Pamela), Giachino, D. (Daniela), Glessner, J.T. (Joseph T.), Gliem, T. (Troy), Grady, M. (Margo), Graham, B.H. (Brett H.), Griffis, C. (Cristin), Gripp, K.W. (Karen), Gropman, A.L. (Andrea L.), Hanson-Kahn, A. (Andrea), Harris, D.J. (David J.), Hayden, M.A. (Mark A.), Hill, R. (Rosamund), Hochstenbach, R. (Ron), Hoffman, J.D. (Jodi D.), Hopkin, R., Hubshman, M.W. (Monika W.), Innes, M., Irons, M. (Mira), Irving, M. (Melita), Jacobsen, J.C. (Jessie C.), Janssens, S. (Sandra), Jewett, T. (Tamison), Johnson, J.P. (John P.), Jongmans, M.C.J. (Marjolijn), Kahler, S.G. (Stephen G.), Koolen, D.A. (David), Korzelius, J. (Jerome), Kroisel, P. (Peter), Lacassie, Y. (Yves), Lawless, W. (William), Lemyre, E. (Emmanuelle), Leppig, K. (Kathy), Levin, A.V. (Alex V.), Li, H. (Haibo), Li, H. (Hong), Liao, E.C. (Eric C.), Lim, C. (Cynthia), Lose, E.J. (Edward J.), Lucente, D. (Diane), MacEra, M.J. (Michael J.), Manavalan, P. (Poornima), Mandrile, G. (Giorgia), Marcelis, C.L.M. (Carlo), Margolin, L. (Lauren), Mason, T. (Tamara), Masser-Frye, D. (Diane), McClellan, M.W. (Michael W.), Zepeda Mendoza, C.J. (Cinthya J.), Menten, B., Middelkamp, S. (Sjors), Mikami, L.R. (Liya R.), Moe, E. (Emily), Mohammed, S. (Shabaz), Mononen, T. (Tarja), Mortenson, M.E. (Megan E.), Moya, G. (Graciela), Nieuwint, A.W. (Aggie W.), Ordulu, Z. (Zehra), Parkash, S. (Sandhya), Pauker, S.P. (Susan P.), Pereira, S. (Shahrin), Perrin, D. (Danielle), Phelan, K. (Katy), Piña Aguilar, R.E. (Raul E.), Poddighe, P. (Pino), Pregno, G. (Giulia), Raskin, S. (Salmo), Reis, L. (Linda), Rhead, W. (William), Rita, D. (Debra), Renkens, I. (Ivo), Roelens, F. (Filip), Ruliera, J. (Jayla), Rump, P. (Patrick), Schilit, S.L.P. (Samantha L.P.), Shaheen, R. (Ranad), Sparkes, R. (Rebecca), Spiegel, E. (Erica), Stevens, B. (Blair), Stone, M.R. (Matthew R.), Tagoe, J. (Julia), Thakuria, J.V. (Joseph V.), Bon, B. (Bregje) van, van de Kamp, J.M. (Jiddeke M.), Van Der Burgt, I. (Ineke), Essen, T. (Ton) van, Ravenswaaij-Arts, C.M.A. (Conny) van, Van Roosmalen, M.J. (Markus J.), Vergult, S. (Sarah), Volker-Touw, C.M.L. (Catharina M.L.), Warburton, D. (Dorothy), Waterman, M.J. (Matthew J.), Wiley, S. (Susan), Wilson, A. (Anna), Yerena-De Vega, M.D.L.C.A. (Maria De La Concepcion A), Zori, R.T. (Roberto T.), Levy, B. (Brynn), Brunner, H.G. (Han), Leeuw, N. (Nicole) de, Kloosterman, W.P. (Wigard), Thorland, E.C. (Erik C.), Morton, C.C. (Cynthia), Gusella, J.F. (James), and Talkowski, M.E. (Michael E.)

Abstract

Despite the clinical significance of balanced chromosomal abnormalities (BCAs), their characterization has largely been restricted to cytogenetic resolution. We explored the landscape of BCAs at nucleotide resolution in 273 subjects with a spectrum of congenital anomalies. Whole-genome sequencing revised 93% of karyotypes and demonstrated complexity that was cryptic to karyotyping in 21% of BCAs, highlighting the limitations of conventional cytogenetic approaches. At least 33.9% of BCAs resulted in gene disruption that likely contributed to the developmental phenotype, 5.2% were associated with pathogenic genomic imbalances, and 7.3% disrupted topologically associated domains (TADs) encompassing known syndromic loci. Remarkably, BCA br

Published
2017
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34. Elephant Moraine 96029, a very mildly aqueously altered and heated CM carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for the drivers of parent body processing

Author

Lee, MR, Lindgren, P, King, A, Greenwood, RC, Franchi, IA, Sparkes, R, Lee, MR, Lindgren, P, King, A, Greenwood, RC, Franchi, IA, and Sparkes, R

Abstract

publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Elephant Moraine 96029, a very mildly aqueously altered and heated CM carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for the drivers of parent body processing journaltitle: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta articlelink: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.008 content_type: article copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd., © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The attached file is the published version of the article., NHM Repository

Published
2017

36. CSS Hudson and MV Septentrion cruises - Grande-Baleine region, Hudson Bay: a multi-disciplinary survey of the coastal and nearshore regions

Author

Amos, C L, primary, Ardiles, B, additional, Bentham, K, additional, Davis, C, additional, Hardy, I, additional, Leblanc, W, additional, Johnson, L, additional, Lockhart, L, additional, Maclean, B, additional, Michaud, Y, additional, Murphy, R, additional, Robertson, A, additional, Ruz, MH, additional, Sparkes, R, additional, Sutherland, T, additional, and Zevenhuizen, J, additional

Published
1992
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41. Elephant Moraine 96029, a very mildly aqueously altered and heated CM carbonaceous chondrite: implications for the drivers of parent body processing

Author

Lee, MR, Lindgren, P, King, AJ, Greenwood, RC, Franchi, IA, Sparkes, R, Lee, MR, Lindgren, P, King, AJ, Greenwood, RC, Franchi, IA, and Sparkes, R

Abstract

Elephant Moraine (EET) 96029 is a CM carbonaceous chondrite regolith breccia with evidence for unusually mild aqueous alteration, a later phase of heating and terrestrial weathering. The presence of phyllosilicates and carbonates within chondrules and the fine-grained matrix indicates that this meteorite was aqueously altered in its parent body. Features showing that water-mediated processing was arrested at a very early stage include a matrix with a low magnesium/iron ratio, chondrules whose mesostasis contains glass and/or quench crystallites, and a gehlenite-bearing calcium- and aluminium-rich inclusion. EET 96029 is also rich in Fe,Ni metal relative to other CM chondrites, and more was present prior to its partial replacement by goethite during Antarctic weathering. In combination, these properties indicate that EET 96029 is one of the least aqueously altered CMs yet described (CM2.7) and so provides new insights into the original composition of its parent body. Following aqueous alteration, and whilst still in the parent body regolith, the meteorite was heated to ∼400–600 °C by impacts or solar radiation. Heating led to the amorphisation and dehydroxylation of serpentine, replacement of tochilinite by magnetite, loss of sulphur from the matrix, and modification to the structure of organic matter that includes organic nanoglobules. Significant differences between samples in oxygen isotope compositions, and water/hydroxyl contents, suggests that the meteorite contains lithologies that have undergone different intensities of heating. EET 96029 may be more representative of the true nature of parent body regoliths than many other CM meteorites, and as such can help interpret results from the forthcoming missions to study and return samples from C-complex asteroids.

Published
2016

42. Decadal carbon discharge by a mountain stream is dominated by coarse organic matter

Author

Turowski, JM, Hilton, RG, Sparkes, R, Turowski, JM, Hilton, RG, and Sparkes, R

Abstract

Rapid erosion in mountain forests results in high rates of biospheric particulate organic carbon (POC) export by rivers, which can contribute to atmospheric carbon dioxide drawdown. However, coarse POC (CPOC) carried by particles >∼1 mm is rarely quantified. In a forested pre-Alpine catchment, we measured CPOC transport rates and found that they increase more rapidly with water discharge than fine POC (<1 mm) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). As a result, decadal estimates of CPOC yield of 12.3 ± 1.9 t C km–2 yr–1 are higher than for fine POC and DOC, even when excluding 4 extreme flood events. When including these floods, CPOC dominates organic carbon discharge (∼80%). Most CPOC (69%) was water logged and denser than water, suggesting that CPOC has the potential to contribute to long-term sedimentary burial. Global fluxes remain poorly constrained, but if the transport behavior of CPOC shown here is common to other mountain streams and rivers, then neglecting CPOC discharge could lead to a large underestimation of the global transfer of biospheric POC from land to ocean.

Published
2016

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