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293 results on '"Spinaci M"'

1. A Systematic Analysis of the Memory term in Coarse-Grained models: the case of the Markovian Approximation

Author

Di Pasquale, N., Hudson, T., Icardi, M., Rovigatti, L., and Spinaci, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The systematic development of Coarse-Grained (CG) models via the Mori-Zwanzig projector operator formalism requires the explicit description of several terms, including a deterministic drift term, a dissipative memory term and a random fluctuation term. In many applications, the memory and fluctuation terms are related by the fluctuation-dissipation relation and are, in general, more challenging to derive than the drift term. In this work we analyse an approximation of the memory term and propose a rational basis for a data-driven approach to an approximation of the memory and fluctuating terms which can be considered included in the class of the Markovian ones., Comment: 39 pages, 2 Figures

Published
2020

12. Novel additive for sperm cryopreservation media: Holotheria parva coelomic cavity extract protects human spermatozoa against oxidative stress-A pilot study

Author

Khashavi, Z, Homaei, A, Koohnavard, F, Kamrani, E, Spinaci, M, Luwor, RB, Archang, M, Agarwal, A, Henkel, R, Khashavi, Z, Homaei, A, Koohnavard, F, Kamrani, E, Spinaci, M, Luwor, RB, Archang, M, Agarwal, A, and Henkel, R

Abstract

Cryopreservation is the most effective method for preserving semen for a long period of time. However, during the freeze-thaw process, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to a steep reduction in sperm fertility indices. In this study, we tested the effects of the extract of the coelomic cavity of five Holotheria parva, a marine organism rich in antioxidants, for its ROS-scavenging activity and cryoprotective effects on oxidative stress. Using a total of 50 semen samples, our results demonstrated that doses of 250 and 500 µg/ml of H. parva coelomic cavity extract significantly increased sperm vitality as compared to the control (p < .05). The addition of 250 µg/ml of the extract exerted a significant positive effect on sperm motility. Moreover, sperm DNA damage and ROS production were significantly reduced at extract concentrations of 250 and 500 µg/ml (p < .05). To the best of our knowledge, the results of this study represent the first demonstration of the possibility of improving sperm parameters and reducing ROS production and DNA damage by supplementing sperm freezing media with H. parva coelomic extract. Our results suggested that H. parva coelomic extract could be useful for improving the fertilising ability of frozen-thawed human semen.

Published
2020

18. Embelin supplementation of in vitro maturation medium does not influence nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes

Author

Galeati, G., Elisa Giaretta, Zannoni, A., Bucci, D., Tamanini, C., Forni, M., Spinaci, M., Galeati, G, Giaretta, E., Zannoni, A., Bucci, D., Tamanini, C., Forni, M., and Spinaci, M.

Subjects
Pluripotency genes, Cytoplasm, Oocyte in vitro maturation, Swine, Physiology, Embelin, Cell Growth Processes, Antioxidants, Pluripotency gene, Benzoquinones, Animals, Cells, Cultured, reproductive and urinary physiology, Cell Nucleus, Pharmacology, SOXB1 Transcription Factors, Nanog Homeobox Protein, Culture Media, Oxidative Stress, Blastocyst, Steroidogenesis, Gene Expression Regulation, embryonic structures, Oocytes, Steroidogenesi, Female, Octamer Transcription Factor-3
Abstract

Oxidative stress caused from in vitro culture contributes to inadequate oocyte maturation which leads to a poor embryo development. Therefore, it is important to protect oocytes and embryos against oxidative stress. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone), an antioxidant with various pharmacologic activities, on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes as well as on steroidogenesis of cumulus cells (CCs). Another objective was to determine the influence of Embelin on developmental competence of pig oocytes as well as the expression levels of three key genes (Nanog, Sox2 and Oct4) involved in the control of pluripotency in parthenogenetically activated embryos. Embelin (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM) was added during in vitro maturation of cumulus oocyte complexes; media of both the first and the second day of culture were collected and assayed for progesterone and estradiol-17β. At the end of the maturation period, the oocytes were fixed (to determine nuclear maturation) or partenogenically activated to evaluate cytoplasmic maturation and genes expression. Embelin did not exert any effect on the proportion of MII oocytes, steroidogenesis of CCs, percentage of embryos that developed to blastocyst stage and the number of blastomeres/blastocyst. Moreover, no significant differences of Oct4, Nanog and Sox2 transcripts were detected in blastocyst stage embryos. In conclusion, Embelin did not influence the reproductive parameters assessed, confirming that it is not possible to predict whether the beneficial effect exerted by an antioxidant in a particular tissue could be present also in another one.

Published
2016

20. ICSI of equine oocytes with sex-sorted frozen-thawed semen results in low cleavage rate but normal embryo development and pregnancies

Author

Colleoni S., Spinaci M., Duchi R., MERLO, BARBARA, Tamanini C., LAZZARI, GIOVANNA, MARI, GAETANO, GALLI, CESARE, Colleoni S, Spinaci M, Duchi R, Merlo B, Tamanini C, Lazzari G, Mari G, Galli C, Colleoni S., Spinaci M., Duchi R., Merlo B., Tamanini C., Lazzari G., Mari G., and Galli C.

Subjects
EQUINE, OOCYTES, EMBRYO, _, INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION
Published
2009

24. Effect of resveratrol on liquid storage of stallion semen

Author

Giaretta, E, Bucci, D, Mari, G, Galeati, G, Tamanini, C, Merlo, B, Iacono, E, Spinaci, M., Giaretta E, Bucci D, Mari G, Galeati G, Tamanini C, Merlo B, Iacono E, and Spinaci M.

Subjects
storage, stallion, semen, resveratrol
Published
2013

35. Sperm-mediated gene transfer-treated spermatozoa maintain good quality parameters and in vitro fertilization ability in swine

Author

Bacci, M, Zannoni, A, De Cecco, M, Fantinati, P, Bernardini, C, Galeati, G, Spinaci, M, Giovannoni, R, Lavitrano, M, Seren, E, Forni, M, Bacci, ML, Forni, M., GIOVANNONI, ROBERTO, LAVITRANO, MARIALUISA, Bacci, M, Zannoni, A, De Cecco, M, Fantinati, P, Bernardini, C, Galeati, G, Spinaci, M, Giovannoni, R, Lavitrano, M, Seren, E, Forni, M, Bacci, ML, Forni, M., GIOVANNONI, ROBERTO, and LAVITRANO, MARIALUISA

Abstract

A simple and efficient method for producing multitransgenic animals is required for medical and veterinary applications. Sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) is an effective method for introducing multiple genes into pigs (Sus, Sus scrofa). The major benefits of this technique are the high efficiency, low cost, and ease of use compared with that of other methods: Sperm-mediated gene transfer does not require embryo handling or expensive equipment. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of SMGT treatment and exogenous DNA uptake on sperm quality. Even after a coincubation with a 20-fold larger amount (100 microg/mL) of DNA than usual (5 microg/mL), sperm quality parameters were not significantly affected, confirming the hypothesis that the SMGT protocol itself or the amount of bound DNA do not compromise the possibility of an extended employment of SMGT. More importantly, we found that semen used for in vitro fertilization 24h after DNA uptake gave good cleavage (60% vs. 58%, treated vs. control) and developmental rates definitely positive (41% vs. 48%, treated vs. control). These good results are connected to a competitive efficiency of transformation (62%) due to the numerous improvements in SMGT technique. We demonstrate that SMGT-treated spermatozoa retain good quality and fertilization potential for at least 24h, expanding the possibility to apply transgenesis in field conditions in swine, where the greatest hurdles are fertilization timing and plain procedure.

Published
2009

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