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12. Toxoplasma gondii suppress human cord blood cell differentiation to the NK cell population.

Author

Mahmoudzadeh, Sepideh, Dizaji Asl, Khadijeh, Nozad Charoudeh, Hojjatollah, Rahbarghazi, Reza, Ahmadi, Mahdi, Heidarzadeh, Morteza, Spotin, Adel, and Ahmadpour, Ehsan

Subjects
KILLER cells, CORD blood, BLOOD cells, CELL populations, CELL differentiation, RH factor, GRANZYMES
Abstract

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can invade all mammalian cells. It is well established that natural killer (NK) cells have critical protective roles in innate immunity during infections by intracellular pathogens. In the current study, we conducted an in vitro experiment to evaluate NK cell differentiation and activation from human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB‐MNCs) after infection with T. gondii tachyzoites. Methods: UCB‐MNCs were infected by fresh tachyzoites of type I (RH) or type II (PTG) strains of T. gondii pre‐expanded in mesenchymal stem cells for 2 weeks in a medium enriched with stem cell factor, Flt3, IL‐2, and IL‐15. Flow cytometry analysis and western blot analysis were performed to measure the CD57+, CD56+, and Granzyme A (GZMA). Results: Data revealed that incubation of UCB‐MNCs with NK cell differentiation medium increased the CD57+, CD56+, and GZMA. UCB‐MNCs cocultured with PTG tachyzoites showed a significant reduction of CD56+ and GZMA, but nonsignificant changes, in the levels of CD56+ compared to the control UCB‐MNCs (p >.05). Noteworthy, 2‐week culture of UCB‐MNCs with type I (RH) tachyzoites significantly suppressed CD57+, CD56+, and GZMA, showing reduction of NK cell differentiation from cord blood cells. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that virulent T. gondii tachyzoites with cytopathic effects inhibit NK cell activation and eliminate innate immune responses during infection, and consequently enable the parasite to continue its survival in the host body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000–18: a geospatial analysis

Author

Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Schmidt, Chris A, Kwong, Kevin T, Pigott, David M, Mupfasoni, Denise, Biswas, Gautam, Shirude, Shreya, Hill, Elex, Donkers, Katie M, Abdoli, Amir, Abrigo, Michael R M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh Sr., Olatunji O, Adinarayanan, Srividya, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Amit Sr., Arianna Maever L, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andualem, Zewudu, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anvari, Davood, Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw, Arabloo, Jalal, Arnold, Benjamin F, Ausloos, Marcel, Ayanore Sr., Martin Amogre, Badirzadeh, Alireza, Baig Jr., Atif Amin, Banach Sr., Maciej, Baraki Sr., Adhanom Gebreegziabher, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Bayati, Mohsen, Bhattacharyya Sr., Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bisanzio, Donal, Bockarie, Moses John, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bohluli, Mehdi, Butt, Zahid A, Cano, Jorge, Carvalho, Felix, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chavshin, Ali Reza, Cormier, Natalie Maria, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Deribe, Kebede, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dessu, Blen Kassahun, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Do, Hoa Thi, Earl, Lucas, El Tantawi, Maha, Faraj, Anwar, Fattahi, Nazir, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Foroutan, Masoud, Guo, Yuming, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hassankhani, Hadi, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hidru, Hagos Degefa de, Hole, Michael K, Hon, Julia, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Househ, Mowafa, Humayun, Ayesha, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, M Mofizul, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Ji, John S, Johnson, Kimberly B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karch, André, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Kasaeian, Amir, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kazemi Karyani, Ali, Kelbore, Abraham Getachew, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Junaid, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Mona M, Khodayari, Mohammad Taghi, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Yun Jin, Kinyoki, Damaris K, Kumar, G Anil, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lansingh, Van Charles, Lee, Paul H, LeGrand, Kate E, Levine, Aubrey J, Li, Shanshan, Maleki, Shokofeh, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mayala, Benjamin K, Meitei, Wahengbam Bigyananda, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, Miller-Petrie, Molly K, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Moradi, Masoud, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Munro, Sandra B, Muthupandian, Saravanan, mwingira, Upendo J, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naik, Gurudatta, Negoi, Ionut, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Olagunju, Andrew T, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pourjafar, Hadi, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezapour, Aziz, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Rostami, Ali, Sabesan, Shanmugavelu, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sajadi, S Mohammad, Samy, Abdallah M, Sartorius, Benn, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharafi, Zeinab, Sharifi, Hamid, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Jae Il, Soheili, Amin, Soltani, Shahin, Spotin, Adel, Stolk, Wilma A, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, ThekkePurakkal, Akhil Soman, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vasseghian, Yasser, Vinkeles Melchers, Natalie V S, Violante, Francesco S, Yamada, Tomohide, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaki, Leila, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamanian, Maryam, Zangeneh, Alireza, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhang, Yunquan, Ziapour, Arash, King, Jonathan D, and Hay, Simon I

Published
2020
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19. Phylogeography, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto Inferred by Mitochondrial DNA Markers between Southeast of Iran and Pakistan.

Author

Anvari, Davood, Gholami, Shirzad, Spotin, Adel, Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah, Daryani, Ahmad, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Narouei, Mohammad Reza, Hosseini, Mona, and Siyadatpanah, Abolghasem

Subjects
GENETIC variation, ECHINOCOCCUS granulosus, GENETIC markers, HAPLOTYPES, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, MICROSATELLITE repeats, MITOCHONDRIAL DNA
Abstract

Background: Current study was designed to provide a better insight into the circulating genotypes, genetic diversity, and population structure of Echinococcus spp. between southeast of Iran and Pakistan. Methods: From Jun 2020 to Dec 2020, 46 hydatid cysts were taken from human (n: 6), camel (n: 10), goat (n: 10), cattle (n: 10) and sheep (n: 10) in various cities of Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran, located at the neighborhood of Pakistan. DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and subjected to sequence analysis of cox1 and nad1 genes. Results: The phylogeny inferred by the Maximum Likelihood algorithm indicated that G1 genotype (n: 19), G3 genotype (n: 14) and G6 genotype (n: 13) assigned into their specific clades. The diversity indices showed a moderate (nad1: Hd: 0.485) to high haplotype diversity (cox1: Hd: 0.867) of E. granulosus s.s. (G1/G3) and low nucleotide diversity. The negative value of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs test displayed deviation from neutrality indicating a recent population expansion. A parsimonious network of the haplotypes of cox1 displayed star-like features in the overall population containing IR9/PAK1/G1, IR2/PAK2/G3 and IR18/G6 as the most common haplotypes. A pairwise fixation index (Fst) indicated that E. granulosus s.s. populations are genetically moderate differentiated between southeast of Iran and Pakistan. The extension of haplotypes PAK18/G1 (sheep) and PAK26/G1 (cattle) toward Iranian haplogroup revealed that there is dawn of Echinococcus flow due to a transfer of alleles between mentioned populations through transport of livestock or their domestication. Conclusion: The current findings strengthen our knowledge concerning the evolutionary paradigms of E. granulosus in southeastern borders of Iran and is effective in controlling of hydatidosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

20. MicroRNA-1 Inhibits the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 Treated with Hydatid Cyst Fluid.

Author

Jafari, Hadis, Mahami-Oskouei, Mahmoud, Spotin, Adel, Baradaran, Behzad, Shanehbandi, Dariush, Baghbanzadeh, Amir, and Alizadeh, Zahra

Subjects
CANCER cell growth, ECHINOCOCCOSIS, CANCER cell culture, ANTIGEN presenting cells, SUPPRESSOR cells
Abstract

Antigens in hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) have been discovered to bear a significant resemblance to antigens present in cancer cells. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) is a well-known member of the tumor inhibitor miRNA family and has been shown to have pro-apoptotic and tumor-inhibitory functions. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of HCF to prevent breast cancer and to explore the underlying mechanisms that affect cancer cells. For this study, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells were cultured and divided into two groups: one group received HCF treatment and the other group was untreated and served as the control group. The cytotoxicity and cell viability of various HCF concentrations on breast cancer cells were evaluated using the MTT assay. In addition, the expression level of miR-1 in HCF-treated and untreated breast cancer cells was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The study found that HCF treatment reduced the growth of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, indicating that it was cytotoxic to the cells. Specifically, the IC50 concentration of HCF after 24 hours of treatment was 7.32 µg/mL for MDA-MB-231 cells and 13.63 µg/mL for MCF-7 cells. In addition, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of miR-1 was significantly increased in HCF-treated MDA-MB-231 (P = 0.0203) and MCF-7 (P = 0.0394) cell lines compared to untreated controls. Although HCF has been shown to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and to upregulate miR-1, a key tumor suppressor in cancer cells, the specific mechanisms responsible for this effect remain unclear. Further studies are needed to fully understand the molecular pathways underlying HCF's antitumor activity and its potential as a therapeutic agent in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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