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This research aims to explore the relationship between CEOs with STEM backgrounds and investment efficiency. STEM CEOs, who have graduated in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields, are highly valued for their superior technological creativity and innovation. These skills can significantly benefit long-term economic growth. The study uses Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with fixed effects on a sample of 1,006 firm-year observations from non-financial public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2021. The analysis reveals a positive relationship between STEM CEOs and investment efficiency, indicating that the presence of a STEM CEO in corporate governance can enhance investment efficiency. These findings are consistent across our robustness analysis using Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) and Heckman two-stage regression. Additionally, busy CEOs with STEM backgrounds can optimize their company’s investments efficiently and effectively. They are more experienced in handling stable technologies and can leverage them to plan efficient, long-term investments. By understanding this relationship, companies can gain valuable insights into maximizing investment efficiency by leveraging the expertise and abilities of STEM CEOs.

Breast cancer (BC) is a multifactorial disease involving many pathways and target molecules. Multi-target therapy through multi-compound herbal medicines is an alternative strategy to treat BC. In the present study, we elucidate the molecular mechanism of Ocimum basilicum (OB) as an anticancer agent using system bioinformatic approach and investigate its cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cells. We performed network pharmacology (NP) and molecular docking studies to provide scientific information regarding the underlying anti-BC mechanism of OB. Based on topology parameters obtained from protein-protein interaction (PPI), we identified six potential targets that play a significant role in the network including SRC, PI3KCA, EGFR, ESR1, AKT1, and MAPK1. Furthermore, consensus docking suggested rutin, quercetin-3-O-diglucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside as the potential compounds of OB. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of OB might be related to the modulation of several pathways such as PI3K-Akt, VEGF, and HIF-1, breast cancer, and estrogen signaling pathways. The in vitro assay revealed that various extracts of OB demonstrated cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 with IC50 = 231 µg/mL (OB ethanolic extract), 408 µg/mL (OB methanolic extract), 479 µg/mL (OB ethyl acetate extract), 1887 µg/mL (OB n-hexanoic extract) and 767 µg/mL (OB butanolic extract) respectively.

Tujuan penelitian ini mengeksplorasi praktik manajemen risiko pada BUM Desa. Metode yang digunakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus. Alat analisis yang digunakan dengan Teori Stewardship dan PP No. 11 tahun 2021 tentang BUM Desa serta Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) untuk memetakan risiko yang terjadi pada BUM Desa. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat empat jenis risiko yakni; pertama risiko stratgeik dengan indikator tata kelola, risiko perencanaan, risiko pasar. Kedua risiko operasional yang terdiri dari risiko sumber daya manusia, bagaimana monitoring dan controlling dilaksanakan. Ketiga risiko fianansial dalam hal ini akuntansi dan pelaporan merupakan proses yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan adanya frauds risk. Keempat risiko keberlanjutan, merupakan hal yang penting dengan menanamkan risiko awareness dan mendukung misi pelestarian sosial budaya dan lingkungan masyarakat desa. Kontribusi penelitian memeberikan guidance risiko apa saja yang di hadapi BUM Desa sekaligus memberikan solusi bagaimana BUM Desa dapat bertahan bahkan keberlanjutannya dapat bermanfaat untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Terdapat 6 (enam) nilai Keberlanjutan BUM Desa yakni (1) Governance Leadership Commitment, (2) Economic Empowering Local Asset, (3) Stewardship cultural local wisdom Human Empowering, (4) Innovatif, Network Mutual Collaboration; (5) Environmnt Ecosystem Digitalize; (6) Risk Awarness Compliance.

This study aims to investigate the influence of adaptive, competence, and transformative leadership on individual performance. This quantitative study uses Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesis. This paper uses the survey method, and data was collected using questionnaires. As many as 271 East Java, Indonesia civil servants participated in this study. The results showed that adaptive, competent, and transformative leadership positively affects individual performance. This research can provide insight for government officials to improve ASN performance by paying attention to Adaptive ability and competence. In addition, it helps ASN structural officials develop effective leadership strategies to improve individual performance with transformative leadership. This research has the potential to help increase the effectiveness and productivity of ASN, which in turn will positively impact public services and state development. Previous research that relates to individual performance still needs to be made available. In addition, this research is the only study that applies transformative, adaptive, and competency leadership to individual performance in Indonesia, especially ASN in East Java.

Ferroelectric thin films of 0.2BaTiO3 – 0.8BaZr0.5Ti0.5O3 (BT-BZT) are dielectric materials applied in various sensors, particularly in capacitor manufacturing, due to their excellent electrical properties. This ferroelectric material also has a high dielectric constant value, such that it is suitable for use in Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM) and microwaves. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize thin BT-BZT films with annealing temperature variations of 700 °C, 750 °C, and 800 °C. To achieve this, the sol-gel method was applied to Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide (FTO) substrate, a selected technique for its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The electrochemical properties were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The research results show that at a frequency of 100 Hz, the highest dielectric constant obtained was 58975.43 at a temperature of 800 °C. This temperature has the highest resistance compared to other samples. The highest capacitance value is 2.9 µF at a temperature of 700 oC. Therefore, it was concluded that the annealing temperature influenced the dielectric constant and the capacitance values of the capacitor.

Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, Phyllanthus niruri L., and Morinda citrifolia L. are Indonesian medicinal herbs used empirically as traditional therapeutics for maintaining health. The cocktail extract of these three plants (CECPM) had been developed and demonstrated immunostimulant activity in rats. This study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of CECPM in vivo. The acute toxicity assay was conducted by orally administering a range dose of CECPM (313, 625, 1250, 2500, or 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw) on female mice once and then evaluating the toxic symptom every day for 14 days later. The chronic toxicity test was carried out by giving various doses of CECPM (600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg·bw) to female and male rats orally continuously for 90 consecutive days. The signs of toxicities were evaluated at the 90- and 28 days postadministration. The acute oral toxicity assays showed that there was no toxic syndrome and mortality found during the period of the experiment. The lethal dose level (LD50) of CECPM was more than 5000 g/kg, which was categorized as practically non-toxic. Meanwhile, in the sub-chronic toxicity study, some parameters tested at 90 days postadministration and after 28 days of withdrawal, such as the body weight, relative organ weight, food intake, hematological and biochemical blood parameters, and also histopathological examination of five primary tissues (heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and lung) revealed no abnormalities. There was no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the present study of CECPM 1000 mg/kg·bw of the rat. Therefore, it is concluded that the orally administered CECPM was relatively nontoxic during acute and subchronic toxicology studies.

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of school ties between top management executives, such as the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and external parties, including auditors, on a company’s earnings management practices. This study uses fixed effect regression method to test the hypotheses, whether school ties between top management executives and audit partner will affect on the practical earnings management. The authors obtained sample from Indonesia Stock Exchange Commission during 2010 to 2022 and includes several causality tests to robust the empirical result from current study. Our findings suggest a noteworthy positive association between school-ties linking the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Auditor with Earnings Management. However, our analysis reveals that other combinations of school ties exhibit an opposite effect. The findings of this study suggest that ties between internal and external parties within a company may be a factor that investors should carefully consider when evaluating the accuracy and reliability of financial reports. As such, it may be prudent to avoid investing in such companies. Despite prior research extensively examining the measurement of accrual-based earnings management, the literature lacks discussion regarding its association with the potential influence of ties. Thus, this study aims to fill this gap by investigating the relationship between top management school ties and earnings management.

AbstractThe present paper provides new empirical evidence on the relationship between CEO facial masculinity and tax avoidance. We use data from non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2010–2019. The findings suggest that the CEO facial masculinity is positively associated with tax avoidance, which is one of the risky financial decisions. We also conducted a battery of robustness tests, including testing the sample of companies with/without a risk management committee, the interaction with CEO age and big 4 audit firm, the implementation of the tax amnesty in Indonesia, and addressing endogeneity using the propensity score matching. The current measurement of CEO masculinity, which is based on the fWHR of the CEO’s photo, could be further developed by future studies using artificial intelligence (AI) technology. This study contributes to the literature on CEO characteristics by filling in the gaps of biological characteristics associated with tax avoidance decisions. This is the first study investigating the relationship between CEO biological characteristics and tax avoidance.

Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis, also known as Binahong (B), is an Indonesian plant used to treat diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the best extragent for preparing Binahong extract as an antidiabetic agent using different concentrations of ethanol (50%, 70%, and 96%), labelled as BE50%, BE70%, and BE96%. An alpha-glucosidase inhibiting assay was used to assess the activity. The most active extract was tested in vivo assay using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and alloxan-high feed diet (alloxan-HFD)-induced diabetes in rats, with glucose level and beta cell Langerhans repair as parameters. A molecular assay was also performed to look into the expression of homeostasis regulator genes on 3T3-L1 adipose cells. The results showed that 96% ethanol extract (BE96%) inhibited alpha-glucosidase the most effectively (IC50 119.78± 11.14 μg/mL). The in vivo assay revealed that the treatment BE96% at 250 mg/kg BW for 21 consecutive days significantly reduced plasma glucose levels in Type 2 DM rats compared to the control group (p ≤ .05) with improved of Langerhans beta cells. BE96% also significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels. At the cellular level, Oil-Red-O staining revealed that differentiated adipocytes treated with BE96% had the highest lipid absorbance (p ≤ .05), compared to the control. BE96% significantly increased the expression of Glucose Transporter Isoform 4 (GLUT4) at the molecular level. It could be concluded that BE96% exhibited the best antidiabetic properties.

This research is a case study of the performance of the offering dance at the ISI Surakarta 51st Dies Natalis Ceremony (held on July 15th, 2015) by seven dancers. The seven dancers previously acted as leaders of the Senate procession, after the members of the senate sat in their seats, they danced to express the character of Bima so that it could be said that the dance was part of the ceremonial event. The sesaji dance is an expression of Bima's character, which in Javanese collective knowledge is a complex system of symbols. This phenomenon is approached through the constructivism paradigm, especially from the point of view of interpretivism where the methodological mission is to elaborate a reflective events. The research question posed is what constitutes a gift or alms in the Sapta Cipta Rasa Tunggal – title of that dance — as offering dance considering that offerings lexico-etymologically means giving alms or charity. Triangulative data as objects of observation are videos of dance performances via the YouTube platform, interviews with source persons, and library data. The conclusions drawn are: 1) this sesaji dance is a form of mnemonic (kinetic mnemonic) in the form of motion as a tool for reflective memory; 2) offering dance and imitation of the imaginary character in the kind of the Bima containing doxa – knowledge that does not need to be verified – that the ethical attitudes that humans should have are teteg, tatag, teguh, tanggon, and tanggap.

The regional government is susceptible to risks that may impede attaining objectives while executing its responsibilities and powers, necessitating implementing risk management measures. Implementing risk management in local governments is a novel development, with corresponding guidelines issued in 2019. This study seeks to test whether applying risk management based on these provisions can positively impact increasing financial accountability. The present investigation involves the entirety of the population within the jurisdiction of the regency/municipality government as the research participants. The study's empirical data were acquired from the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency and the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenpan-RB). Subsequently, the data were subjected to regression analysis techniques utilizing SPSS software. This paper provides findings that entities that implement risk management will have implications for higher SAKIP scores. This implies that risk management can deliver reasonable guarantees to achieving local government goals, especially regarding financial accountability. The present research employs the SAKIP score as a surrogate for assessing accountability, albeit acknowledging its restricted measurement outcomes and partial depiction of local government accountability. Specifically, the SAKIP score delineates the accountability of performance attained by a governmental entity in executing programs and activities funded by the APBN/APBD. The findings of this research possess the potential to be extended to all local governing bodies to enhance the attainment of local government accountability goals.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the scientific learning approach to students' interest and learning outcomes in learning English in class IX MTs in Medan. Researchers used a descriptive quantitative approach and pre-test and post-test methods to collect data. The research population was 30 students. The sample used a saturated sample of 30 students (Sugiyono, 2017). For data collection, the researcher used 8 measurement indicators to measure students' learning interest and used the KKM standard = 75 to measure student learning outcomes through the test during the English learning activities. The data is then coded and tabulated using a percentage-based value. The results of these findings indicate that 1). According to the results of the standard pre-test, it was not possible to boost student learning interest and student learning outcomes in class. 2). The post-test using a scientific learning approach was said to be capable of increasing student learning interest and student learning outcomes in class when studying English.

Filantropi Islam di Indonesia memiliki tujuan yang relevan dengan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), yaitu kesejahteraan. Disamping itu, potensi penghimpunan dana filantropi Islam di Indonesia menjadi keuntungan tersendiri. Namun, lembaga filantropi Islam memiliki beberapa permasalahan diantaranya: permasalahan di bidang kelembagaan, teknologi, sumber daya manusia, regulasi dan tata kelola. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah melakukan integrasi keuangan sosial syariah. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pembinaan integrasi keuangan sosial syariah kepada lembaga filantropi Islam dan stakeholder terkait. Pembinaan dilakukan sebanyak dua kali. Kegiatan pertama dilakukan secara online kepada Lembaga filantropi Islam dengan memanfaatkan media zoom. Kegiatan pertama menghadirkan para pakar dari perwakilan regulator, praktisi dan akademisi untuk memberikan arahan dan catatan penting terkait dengan materi pembinaan yang diberikan. Pembinaan kedua secara hybrid kepada masyarakat Desa Tambakrigadung, Lamongan. Hasil program pengabdian menujukkan telah terbina sejumlah lembaga filantropi Islam dalam integrasi keuangan sosial syariah, salah satunya pada implementasi program yang memberi dampak langsung terhadap masyarakat yang membutuhkan.

This study aims to analyze the effect of credit rating, discretionary accrual, and financial distress on credit facilities, namely the rate spread, credit collateral, and maturity date extended by banks. This study uses static panel equations and panel data, consisting of 50 manufacturing companies in Indonesia from 2010 to 2017. The research methods used are the Pooled Least Square (PLS), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), Random Effect Model (REM), and logit panels. This study concludes that earnings management has a negative and insignificant impact on the rate spread and maturity date but positively and significantly affects the collateral variable. Financial distress has a positive and insignificant effect on the rate spread and maturity date but negatively impacts the collateral variable. The company’s investment rating has a negative and insignificant impact on the three dependent variables, namely, rate spread, collateral, and maturity date. Keywords: Credit Rating, Discretionary Accrual, Financial Distress, Credit Facilities JEL: C23, G21, G24

This study proposed an integrated model of Islamic Social Finance (ISF) to accelerate the transformation of the poor toward prosperity. This is a qualitative and quantitative approach using grounded theory and the Average Weighted Index (AWI). The integration model of Islamic social finance is implemented through 4 ER (Economic Rescue, Economic Recovery, Economic Reinforcement, and Economic Resilience) by integrating Islamic social finance instruments in a joint project scheme. The additional finding of the empirical investigation shows that integrated Islamic social finance is 12% more effective in enriching the poor than the non-integrated program. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating Islamic social finance in accelerating the well-being of the poor community.

The purpose of this study was to see how self-efficacy of students towards the learning process online amid the Covid-19 outbreak. This research is a descriptive study that describes self-efficacy based on the dimensions that exist in self-efficacy and is summarized and used as a measurement tool or instrument, namely the level (magnitude) associated with task difficulties, strength related to the effort made by students, and energy-related to space. the scope of student beliefs. The instrument used was a non-test in the form of a questionnaire self-efficacy consisting of 30 statements with 4 choices and 616 respondents. The result is that the dimensions of the level of Indonesian SMP / MTs students are in the medium category with a percentage of 55.04%, which means that when students are faced with difficult tasks during learning online, students can overcome them. The dimension strength is in the medium category with a percentage of 56.82%, this shows that the efforts and resilience of Indonesian SMP / MTs students in doing assignments in learning are online quite persistent and do not give up easily. The dimension generality is in the medium category with a percentage of 45.94%, which means that Indonesian SMP / MTs students' confidence in completing different tasks is quite good. In general, the self-efficacy of Indonesian SMP / MTs students in learning online is quite good.

Earnings manipulation is often associated with deceiving public information that is displayed in sustainability reports. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the nexus between earnings management and sustainability reporting practices in the context of Indonesia. This study employs 408 firm-year observations from listed companies in Indonesia during the 2010–2021 period to test the hypothesis using fixed effect regression analyses with standard error estimates. By examining their sustainability reports and financial statements over a specific period, the authors assess the extent to which earnings management influences sustainability reporting practices. This implies that companies engaging in earnings management practices are more likely to exhibit higher-quality sustainability reporting practices. The results contribute valuable and significant empirical insights into the interplay between earnings management and sustainability reporting specifically within the Indonesian context. Furthermore, this study goes beyond examining the relationship itself and delves into potential factors that may influence this relationship.

Based on the 2013 curriculum, students are expected to master common vocabulary in academic text. However, in reality, the above goal has not been achieved. It can be proven by the fact that students still have a common vocabulary and using incorrect words. During the pre-observation, students often experience learning obstacles while learning English. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of Chalk Down, Turn Around Game for improving students’ vocabulary mastery at grade VIII SMP Negeri 1 Bambang. This study used a pre-experimental method in the form of one class given a pre-test and post-test. The number of students involved 20 students and selected using the total sampling technique. The results of the data showed that the mean score on the post-test is higher than the pre-test (85> 60.25), and the t-test value is higher than the t-table score (11,049> 2,092) at the level of increase of 0.05 with degree freedom (df) 19. It means that the use of the Chalk Down, Turn Around Game can improve students' vocabulary.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a standalone report, assurance report, and GRI reporting framework on the quality of sustainability report disclosure in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. Measurement of the quality index of the sustainability report disclosure in identifying the item or content of the analysis uses the total quality score of the sustainability report disclosure for each company compared to the absolute maximum disclosure score. The standalone report, assurance report, and GRI reporting framework measurement uses a dummy: 1 if it owns the component and 0 if it does not. The sample of this research is 145 companies selected by purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that the standalone report and the assurance report do not affect. Still, the GRI reporting framework has a significant positive effect on the quality of sustainability report disclosure ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh standalone report, assurance report dan GRI reporting framework terhadap kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2018. Pengukuran indeks kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report dalam mengidentifikasi item atau isi analisis menggunakan total skor kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report untuk masing-masing perusahaan dibandingkan dengan total skor pengungkapan maksimum. Pengukuran standalone report, assurance report dan GRI reporting framework menggunakan dummy, yaitu 1 jika perusahaan memiliki komponen, dan 0 jika tidak. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 145 perusahaan yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa standalone report dan assurance report tidak berpengaruh, namun GRI reporting framework berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas pengungkapan sustainability report

The utilization of Islamic social finance instruments is far behind what is expected. To realize its full potential, Islamic social finance instruments must be integrated. This study examined solutions and priority strategies for integrating sustainable Islamic social finance that could be implemented in the short and long term using the Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, and Risk (BOCR) framework, which includes six aspects: Governance, sustainable financing, institutional aspect, human resources, regulations, and supporting technology. This qualitative research employed the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method using the benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk analysis. The data were obtained mainly through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with respondents among academics, practitioners, associations, regulators, and community leaders. The respondents were selected for their expertise and experience in the selected topic. The data were processed using the Microsoft Excel and Super Decision software. There are several findings worth considering from the analysis. First, the highest priority in integrating Islamic social finance aspects are human resources (0.97), regulation (0.86), and technology (0.76). Second, based on the short- and long-term analysis, financial integration through sustainable financing (0.01 and 1.44, respectively) and improving human resource quality through certification and training (0.01 and 1.56, respectively) is a priority solution and strategy to integrate sustainable Islamic social finance. Meanwhile, according to expert judgments, integrating national data (0.24) and optimizing technology use (0.18) are priority solutions and strategies. The findings emphasize the critical role of improving human resource quality to utilize technology, with experts identifying a national data integration as the most critical solution. As a result, relevant stakeholders are concerned about technology management training for Islamic philanthropic managers, with the goal of maximizing the potential of technology's growing role and adoption.

This research focuses on the strategy of communication which was used by the speakers of two different dialects between meriaq-meriku vs meno-mene in Sasak language, especially amongst sellers-buyers in markets domain in central Lombok West Nusa Tenggara. The data were recorded at four markets where the speakers of two different dialects meet. This current result reveals the effective strategy in communication by accommodating each other (sellers-buyers). Further, it elucidates the accommodation pattern strategy in two different dialects which are commonly used by the sellers-buyers in doing transactions. The current researchers composed the data through the interview, direct observation, and recording or note-taking. The method used to reveal the phenomenon is a qualitative method and interpreted the data to meet the qualified result of research. Therefore, the result shows that applying inter-dialectal accommodation is effective. Abstrak Penelitian ini berfokus pada strategi komunikasi yang digunakan oleh penutur dua dialek yang berbeda antara meriaq-meriku vs meno-mene dalam bahasa Sasak, khususnya antara penjual-pembeli di ranah pasar di Lombok Tengah Nusa Tenggara Barat. Data tersebut direkam di empat pasar tempat bertemunya penutur dari dua dialek yang berbeda. Hasil saat ini mengungkapkan strategi yang efektif dalam komunikasi dengan saling mengakomodasi (penjual-pembeli). Selanjutnya diuraikan strategi pola akomodasi dalam dua dialek yang berbeda yang biasa digunakan oleh penjual-pembeli dalam melakukan transaksi. Peneliti saat ini menyusun data melalui wawancara, observasi langsung, dan pencatatan atau pencatatan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengungkap fenomena tersebut adalah metode kualitatif dan menginterpretasikan data untuk memenuhi hasil penelitian yang memenuhi syarat. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan akomodasi antar dialek efektif.

The introduction of English to young learners has been implemented for a long time with various strategies and approaches. However, not all of strategies the teacher used were successful in being applied in the classroom. Based on pre-observation, the students’ reading interest is low due to difficulty understanding the text. They have difficulty understanding sentences, and students can only find the meaning of the sentence or only understand the text content's outline. The present study aims to determine whether reading phonics strategy can improve students reading skill in second-grade of SMP Negeri 2 Sumarorong. The study used a pre-experimental method in one class given a pre-test and a final test. The population is the second-grade students and this study used a total sampling technique. The result of the data shows that the mean value in the final test is greater than the mean value of the initial test (79.52>60.800), and the t-test value is greater than the t-table value (12.046>2.046) at the level of increase of 0.05, with degrees of freedom (df) 24. This increase can also be seen from the post-test result, which is greater than the pre-test score. This evidence highlighted phonics reading strategy can improve students reading skill.

Penelitian ex post facto ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi, lingkungan belajar, dan sikap siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 22 Samarinda tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Teknik pengambilan sample adalah simple random sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 22 samarinda yang terdiri dari 9 kelas dengan jumlah 326 siswa, dengan sampel penelitian terdiri dari 5 kelas dengan jumlah 183 siswa. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis jalur (Path Analysi) dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil analisis inferensial dengan menggunakan analisis jalur untuk sub-struktur 1 dipeoleh persamaan dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000, maka sub-struktur 1 signifikan sehingga terdapat pengaruh lingkungan belajar siswa terhadap motivasi siswa dengan kontribusi sebesar 11,42%. Untuk analisis sub-struktur 2 diperoleh persamaan dengan p = 0,000, maka sub-struktur 2 signifikan sehingga terdapat pengaruh motivasi dan lingkungan belajar siswa terhadap sikap siswa dengan kontribusi motivasi sebesar 11,02% dan lingkungan belajar sebesar 5,90%. Untuk analisis sub-struktur 3 diperoleh persamaan dengan p = 0,000, maka substruktur 3 signifikan sehingga terdapat pengaruh motivasi, lingkungan belajar, dan sikap siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan kontribusi motivasi siswa sebesar 3,61%, lingkungan belajar sebesar 13,54%, dan sikap siswa sebear 2,16%. Dengan demikian terdapat pengaruh motivasi, lingkungan belajar, dan sikap siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 22 Samarinda tahun ajaran 2018/2019.

Bischofia javanica (Blume) has been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases such as tonsillitis and ulcers throughout Asia, including China, Indonesia, and the Philippines: however, the molecular mechanisms by which B. javanica exerts its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties remain largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of methanol extracts of B. javanica leaves (MBJ) in vitro and in vivo. MBJ decreased nitric oxide (NO) production and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The observed suppression of inflammatory responses by MBJ was correlated with an inhibition of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Additionally, MBJ induced nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that upregulates the expression of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant genes. Furthermore, MBJ exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in an acute hepatitis mouse model. In conclusion, our results confirm the medicinal properties of B. javanica, and therefore MBJ could be applied to improve inflammatory and redox imbalances in different types of pathologies.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Presently, the reference staging system to evaluate the prognosis of HCC is The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system. The aim of the study was to identify the comparison of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in varying severity degree of HCC patient assessed with BCLC. Method: This retrospective observational study used patients’ medical record hospitalized for HCC between January 1st 2015 until December 31st 2016 in Adam Malik Hospital. From 166 HCC patients with AFP, liver function test (LFT), home sleep test (HST), ultrasonography (USG), and computerized tomography (CT) scan liver 3 phase were included in this study. The comparison of AFP in severity of HCC based on BCLC system was analyzed. Results: About 77.7% HCC patients were male. The mean age was 52 ± 13.63 years. The most cause of HCC was hepatitis B infection. Median AFP was 574.97 ng/mL. According to the BCLC staging system, 12 patients were classified as stage A (7.2%), 54 patients stage B (32.5%), 76 patients stage C (45.8%) and 24 patients stage D (14.5%). There’s significance difference value of AFP in varying stage of BCLC for HCC, which the highest value in BCLC stage D, followed by C, B and A (p = 0,001) Conclusion: There’s significance difference value of AFP in varying stage of BCLC for HCC patients.

The use of an ethnic language depends on the strength of the language and the efforts of the community to maintain its language. The study aims to describe the factors contributing to the survival of the language viewed from ethno-linguistic vitality and its vitality degree. The study was carried out in Ujung Bulu as the city of Bulukumba regency which is inhabited by various ethnic people (heterogeneous region). It is a descriptive quantitative-qualitative study applying observation, questionnaire distribution, and interview to collect data from a sample of 30 subjects selected based on age groups by means of multi-stage sampling technique. The study indicates that in the heterogeneous area proves that demography factors have insignificant contribution to the maintenance of Konjo language in the regency as indicated by regression value of demography factors p = 0.741. The statuses and institutional factors however have a significant contribution to the maintenance of the language with the values of p = 0.010 and p = 0.002 respectively. Based on the quantitative data analysis and interview as well as observation, the vitality of Konjo language in Bulukumba regency is high as indicated by the use of the language.

Human resources or called employee as a company asset to be one determinant of the success of the company (organization). Issue growing is that labor (human resources) is not only the company's assets but also as owners and investors on its human capital to be invested in the company where he works (at work). This article tries to see how human resources can be considered as an asset for the company and when human resources can act as an investor of its human capital. This article also discusses the accounting treatment of human resources as company assets and the possibility of counting on human resources as human capital investor.

Our study explores challenges and opportunities associated with managing basic education in indigenous communities in Indonesia, using a qualitative descriptive approach with a critical paradigm as an analysis tool. The findings reveal two types of education patterns for indigenous peoples, i.e., education in the community, which is carried out within families or the community without formal schooling, and formal education organised by the government. Indigenous children confront significant challenges in accessing quality education due to economic factors, minimal facilities and infrastructure, and a shortage of teachers. In addition, at times the national education systems do not consider the special needs and characteristics of indigenous peoples. We propose an inclusive education curriculum for indigenous children that focuses on providing quality education and preserving cultural heritage.

A methanol soluble fraction extracted from Kayu Manik leaves (Trema orientalis) from Seluma, Bengkulu, exhibited an antiradical activity 69.73% (scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical) that was almost similar to that of 1 mM ascorbic acid. On the other hand, the iron chelating activity was 40.74%. We believe that it would be useful to take the results as an alternative for processing industries and can be observed as a good source of new agent for iron chelator.