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A partir d’une recherche sur l’histoire de la psychologie feministe nord-americaine, cet article aborde la facon dont les travaux de psychologues feministes sont mobilises pour denoncer les violences envers les femmes et revendiquer des politiques publiques pour lutter contre celles-ci. Dans un contexte ou les effets psychiques de l’oppression des femmes sont devenus une evidence, il s’agit de retracer l’histoire d’un processus de politisation de la psychologie dont on ne semble parfois retenir aujourd’hui que les elements les plus conservateurs. Le cas des approches psychologiques des violences envers les femmes eclaire egalement plus globalement les enjeux de la qualification d’un processus de « psychologisation ».

This chapter explores the history of the use of public health language as a framework for discussing sexual violence in the United States. Although the acknowledgment of violence against women has been an enduring feminist objective, the means of advocacy and the framing of sexual violence are constantly reshaped according to specific social, cultural, and historical contexts. One of the aims of second-wave feminism in the 1960s and 1970s was to increase recognition of the intimate character of violence against women. During this period, feminists focused on inequality and power relations, and aimed to expose their existence within relationships, particularly those of a sexual nature. Feminists worked to characterize behaviors that were not previously considered to be violent as forms of violence. The recognition of the intimate nature of gender violence led to the formation of politically efficient alliances between feminists, practitioners, and researchers in the psy disciplines (mainly psychology and psychiatry). These alliances helped to make psychology, psychiatry, and public health the main interpretative forces in understanding how gender violence occurs and the effects it can have on the victim. Psychology and psychiatry shaped this discourse in both scholarly and public arenas. Furthermore, health professionals developed studies, statistics, and guidelines that quantified and qualified violence against women as an ‘epidemic.’ This chapter examines how violence, sexuality, psychology, and health were woven together in this history.

Les politiques americaines en matiere de sante etonnent souvent les auteur·e·s francais·e·s et leur lectorat, qui apprehendent avec difficulte des institutions politiques si differentes des leurs. Le livre d’Anne-Laure Beaussier, issu de son travail de these, tente precisement d’aborder ces questions en cherchant a comprendre les reformes des reglementations federales des assurances sante (health insurance). Son travail s’est concentre sur les procedures legislatives du Congres americain, du ...

How to summarize and facilitate the implementation of national and international guidelines in clinical practice? To adress these issues, we present a summary of dyslipidemia management for general practitioners. To achieve these aims, we adopted strategies based on international and national guidelines and focused on clinical applications which implies to choose specific options, such as the use of cardiovascular risk score and specific therapies as first options.

L’expertise psychologique a acquis durant le XXe siècle un statut social qui en a fait la cible des critiques des féministes de la deuxième vague. Cet article présente l’histoire de la façon dont cette critique politique et épistémologique se développe en une approche féministe de la psychologie. Il discute également le processus qui fait de la psychologie féministe une nouvelle expertise., Psychological expertise acquired during the 20th century a social status making it a target for criticisms from the second feminist wave.This paper presents the history of how these political and epistemological criticisms build up a feminist approach of psychology. It questions also the process bringing in a new expertise with this feminist psychology., La pericia psicológica adquirió durante el siglo XX una condición social que hace que sea el blanco de las críticas de las feministas de la segunda ola. En este artículo, se presenta la historia de cómo la crítica política y epistemológica desarrolla un enfoque feminista de la psicología. También cuestiona elproceso que hace de la psicología feminista una nueva pericia.

Cet article retrace l’histoire des critiques féministes de la psychologie et expose les conditions, qui non seulement permettent la politisation de la psychologie par les féministes, mais la font apparaître comme nécessaire dans les États-Unis des années 1970. Il décrit ce qui permet de qualifier le projet de transformation de la psychologie des psychologues féministes de processus de politisation et ce que cela recouvre. Enfin, il propose une réflexion à partir de cette histoire et des propositions des psychologues féministes étudiées sur ce que démocratiser la thérapie veut dire., This article traces the history of feminist critiques of psychology and outlines the conditions that not only allow for the politicization of psychology by feminists, but also make it appear necessary in the United States in the 1970s. It describes what qualifies the feminist psychologists' project of transforming psychology as a process of politicization and what this entails. Finally, it proposes a reflection, based on this history and the proposals of the feminist psychologists studied, on what democratizing therapy means.