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240 results on '"Stadermann, Michael"'

1. Liquid-free covalent reinforcement of carbon nanotube dry-spun yarns and free-standing sheets

Author

Lepró, Xavier, Aracne-Ruddle, Chantel, Malone, Daniel, Hamza, Haley, Schaible, Eric, Buchsbaum, Steven F, Calonico-Soto, Alicia, Bigelow, John, Meshot, Eric, Baxamusa, Salmaan, and Stadermann, Michael

Subjects
Engineering, Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry, Materials Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Nanotechnology, Bioengineering, Carbon nanotube yarn, Free-standing CNT sheets, Reinforcement, Initiated chemical vapor deposition, Synchrotron in-situ tensile test, Physical Sciences, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess exceptional mechanical properties, surpassing stiffness and strength metrics of common materials such as steel alloys by 100× at the nanoscale. However, when myriads of individual CNTs are bundled together into macroscopic ensembles like fibers or sheets, the result is a 100-fold drop in strength compared to its individual components. Here we present a general strategy aimed to close this gap in property scaling. By using vapor-phase polymerization of a crosslinkable polymer, we reinforced the weak interlinkages among individual CNTs within both yarns and sheets to promote a better transference of mechanical load across the structure. After the treatment, dry-spun, low-density 2.3 μm thin yarns increased their elastic moduli by at least 300%, and free-standing CNT sheets exhibited a 10× boost. In-situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering revealed that polymer-reinforced yarns undergo limited CNT bundle rearrangement when subjected to tensile loads compared to pristine yarns. This evidence supports the hypothesis that the polymer hinders CNTs slippage, the root cause of the poor scaling of mechanical properties in these materials. While we demonstrated this reinforcement method for CNT structures, it is not specific to CNTs and could be used in a wide variety of other hierarchical nanostructured ensembles.

Published
2022

3. Frequency analysis and resonant operation for efficient capacitive deionization

Author

Ramachandran, Ashwin, Hawks, Steven A., Stadermann, Michael, and Santiago, Juan G.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) performance metrics can vary widely with operating methods. We here develop a theory around and experimentally demonstrate a new operation for CDI that uses sinusoidal forcing voltage (or sinusoidal current). We use a dynamic system modeling approach, and quantify the frequency response (amplitude and phase) of CDI effluent concentration, and demonstrate that CDI can be modeled as a linear time invariant system. We validate this model with experiments, and show that a sinusoid voltage operation can simultaneously achieve high salt removal and strong energy performance, thus very likely making it superior to other conventional operating methods. Based on the underlying coupled phenomena of electrical charge (and ionic) transfer with bulk advection in CDI, we derive and validate experimentally the concept of using sinusoidal voltage forcing functions to achieve resonance-type operation for CDI. Despite the complexities of the system, we find a simple relation for the resonant time scale: the resonant time period is proportional to the geometric mean of the flow residence time and the electrical (RC) charging time. Operation at resonance implies the optimal balance between absolute amount of salt removed (in moles) and dilution (depending on the feed volume processed), thus resulting in the maximum average concentration reduction for the desalinated water. Using a generalized tool based on Fourier analysis, we show that most of the salt removal (~95%) for square and triangular voltage forcing waveforms is achieved by the fundamental Fourier (sinusoidal) mode. The frequency of higher Fourier modes precludes high flow efficiency for these modes, so these modes consume additional energy for minimal additional salt removed. This deficiency of higher frequency modes further highlights the advantage of DC-offset sinusoidal forcing for CDI operation.

Published
2018

4. Performance Metrics for the Objective Assessment of Capacitive Deionization Systems

Author

Hawks, Steven A., Ramachandran, Ashwin, Porada, Slawomir, Campbell, Patrick G., Suss, Matthew E., Biesheuvel, P. M., Santiago, Juan G., and Stadermann, Michael

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

In the growing field of capacitive deionization (CDI), a number of performance metrics have emerged to describe the desalination process. Unfortunately, the separation conditions under which these metrics are measured are often not specified, resulting in optimal performance at minimal removal. Here we outline a system of performance metrics and reporting conditions that resolves this issue. Our proposed system is based on volumetric energy consumption (Wh/m$^3$) and throughput productivity (L/h/m$^2$) reported for a specific average concentration reduction, water recovery, and feed salinity. To facilitate and rationalize comparisons between devices, materials, and operation modes, we propose a nominal standard testing condition of removing 5 mM from a 20 mM NaCl feed solution at 50% water recovery for CDI research. Using this separation, we compare the desalination performance of a flow-through electrode (fte-CDI) cell and a flow between membrane (fb-MCDI) device, showing how significantly different systems can be compared in terms of generally desirable desalination characteristics. In general, we find that performance analysis must be considered carefully so to not allow for ambiguous separation conditions or the maximization of one metric at the expense of another. Additionally, for context we discuss a number of important underlying performance indicators and cell characteristics that are not performance measures in and of themselves but can be examined to better understand differences in performance.

Published
2018
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5. Capacitive Deionization

Author

Hawks, Steven A., primary, Oyarzun, Diego I., additional, Ramachandran, Ashwin, additional, Campbell, Patrick G., additional, Santiago, Juan G., additional, and Stadermann, Michael, additional

Published
2022
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6. Nitrate removal from water using electrostatic regeneration of functionalized adsorbent

Author

Palko, James W., Oyarzun, Diego I., Ha, Byunghang, Stadermann, Michael, and Santiago, Juan G.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Nitrate is an important pollutant in drinking water worldwide, and a number of methods exist for the removal of nitrate from water including ion exchange and reverse osmosis. However, these approaches suffer from a variety of disadvantages including requirements for supply and disposal of brine used for regeneration in ion exchange and low water recovery ratio for reverse osmosis. Here, we demonstrate the use of high surface area activated carbon electrodes functionalized with moieties having high affinity for adsorption of nitrate from aqueous solution, such as those used in ion exchange. Adsorption of surfactant molecules having a quaternary amine ionic group to the activated carbon surfaces provides functionalization of the surfaces without complex chemistries. The functionalized electrodes have adsorption capacities of about 80 mg NaNO$_3$ per gram of activated carbon material. Unlike a traditional ion exchanger, the functionalized surfaces can be repeatedly regenerated by the application of an electrostatic potential which displaces the bound NO$_3^-$ while leaving an excess of electronic charge on the electrode. The cell is completed by an inert counter electrode where Faradaic reactions occur during regeneration. Up to approximately 40% of the initial capacity of the electrode is accessible following electrical regeneration., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

Published
2017

9. Design of first experiment to achieve fusion target gain > 1

Author

Kritcher, Andrea L., primary, Schlossberg, Dave, additional, Weber, Chris, additional, Young, Chris, additional, Dewald, Edward, additional, Zylstra, Alex, additional, Hurricane, Omar, additional, Allen, Anthony, additional, Bachmann, Ben, additional, Baker, Kevin, additional, Baxamusa, Sal, additional, Braun, Tom, additional, Brunton, Gordon, additional, Callahan, Debbie, additional, Casey, Dan, additional, Chapman, Tom, additional, Choate, Chris, additional, Clark, Dan, additional, Di Nicola, Jean-Michel, additional, Divol, Laurent, additional, Edwards, John, additional, Haan, Steve, additional, Fehrenbach, Tobias, additional, Hayes, Sean, additional, Hinkel, Denise, additional, Hohenberger, Matthias, additional, Humbird, Kelli, additional, Jones, Oggie, additional, Kur, Eugene, additional, Kustowski, Bogdan, additional, Kong, Casey, additional, Landen, Otto, additional, Larson, Doug, additional, Lepro Chavez, Xavier, additional, Lindl, John, additional, MacGowan, Brian, additional, Maclaren, Steve, additional, Marinak, Marty, additional, Millot, Marius, additional, Nikroo, Abbas, additional, Nora, Ryan, additional, Pak, Art, additional, Patel, Prav, additional, Ralph, Joe, additional, Ratledge, Mark, additional, Rubery, Mike, additional, Sepke, Scott, additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Strozzi, Dave, additional, Suratwala, Tayyab, additional, Tommasini, Riccardo, additional, Town, Richard, additional, Woodworth, Brandon, additional, Van Wonterghem, Bruno, additional, and Wild, Christoph, additional

Published
2024
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12. The impact of low-mode symmetry on inertial fusion energy output in the burning plasma state

Author

Ralph, Joseph, primary, Ross, James, additional, Zylstra, Alex, additional, Kritcher, Andrea, additional, Robey, Harry, additional, Young, Christopher, additional, Hurricane, Omar, additional, Callahan, Debra, additional, Pak, Arthur, additional, Casey, Daniel, additional, Doppner, Tilo, additional, Divol, Laurent, additional, Hohenberger, Matthias, additional, Pape, Sebatien Le, additional, Baker, Kevin, additional, Patel, Prav, additional, Tommasini, Riccardo, additional, Ali, Suzanne, additional, Amendt, Peter, additional, Atherton, Jeff, additional, Bachmann, Benjamin, additional, Bailey, Dave, additional, Benedetti, Laura Robin, additional, Hopkins, Laura Berzak, additional, Betti, Riccardo, additional, Bhandarkar, Suhas, additional, Bionta, Richard, additional, Birge, Noah, additional, Bond, Essex, additional, bradley, David, additional, Braun, Tom, additional, Briggs, Travis, additional, Bruhn, Matt, additional, Celliers, Peter, additional, Chang, Britton, additional, Chapman, Thomas, additional, Chen, Hui, additional, Choate, Chris, additional, Christopherson, Alison, additional, Clark, Dan, additional, Crippen, Jay, additional, Dewald, Eduard, additional, Dittrich, Thomas, additional, Edwards, M. John, additional, Farmer, Will, additional, Field, John, additional, Fittinghoff, David, additional, Frenje, Johan, additional, Gaffney, Jim, additional, Johnson, Maria Gatu, additional, Glenzer, Siegfried, additional, Grim, Gary, additional, Haan, Steven, additional, Hahn, Kelly, additional, Hall, Gareth, additional, Hammel, Bruce, additional, Harte, Judy, additional, Hartouni, Edward, additional, Heebner, John, additional, Hernandez, Vincent, additional, Herrmann, Hans, additional, Herrmann, Mark, additional, Hinkel, Denise, additional, Ho, Darwin, additional, Holder, Joe, additional, Hsing, Warren, additional, Huang, Haibo, additional, Humbird, Kelli, additional, Izumi, Nobuhiko, additional, Jarrott, Charlie, additional, Jeet, Justin, additional, Jones, Oggie, additional, Kerbel, Gary, additional, Kerr, Shaun, additional, Khan, Shahab, additional, Kilkenny, Joseph, additional, Kim, Yong Ho, additional, Kleinrath, Hermann Geppert, additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, Verena, additional, Kong, Casey, additional, Koning, Joseph, additional, Kroll, Jeremy, additional, Landen, Otto, additional, Langer, Steven, additional, Larson, Doug, additional, Lemos, Nuno, additional, Lindl, John, additional, Ma, Tammy, additional, MacDonald, Michael, additional, MacGowan, Brian, additional, Mackinnon, Adnrew, additional, MacLaren, Stephan, additional, MacPhee, Andrew, additional, Marinak, Marty, additional, Mariscal, Derek, additional, Marley, Ed, additional, Masse, L, additional, Meaney, Kevin, additional, Meezan, Nathan, additional, Michel, Pierre, additional, Millot, Marius, additional, Milovich, Jose, additional, Moody, John, additional, Moore, Alastair, additional, Morton, John, additional, Murphy, Thomas, additional, Newman, Katya, additional, Nicola, JM Di, additional, Nikroo, Abbas, additional, Nora, Ryan, additional, Patel, Mehul, additional, Pelz, Larence, additional, Peterson, Jayson, additional, Ping, Yuan, additional, Pollock, Bradley, additional, Ratledge, Mark, additional, Rice, Neal, additional, Rinderknecht, Hans, additional, Rosen, Mordecai, additional, Rubery, Michael, additional, Salmonson, Jay, additional, Sater, Jim, additional, Schiaffino, Stefano, additional, Schlossberg, David, additional, Schneider, Marilyn, additional, Schroeder, Chris, additional, Scott, Howard, additional, Sepke, Scott, additional, Sequoia, K, additional, Sherlock, Mark, additional, Shin, Swanee, additional, Smalyuk, Vladimir, additional, Spears, Brian, additional, Springer, Paul, additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Stoupin, Stanislav, additional, Strozzi, David, additional, Suter, Larry, additional, Thomas, Clif, additional, Town, Richard, additional, Tubman, Eleanor, additional, Volegov, Petr, additional, Weber, Christopher, additional, Widmann, Klaus, additional, Wild, Christoph, additional, Wilde, Carl, additional, Wonterghem, B. Van, additional, Woods, Douglas, additional, Woodworth, Brandon, additional, Yamaguchi, M, additional, Yang, Steven, additional, Zimmerman, George, additional, Biener, Juergen, additional, Trosseille, Clement, additional, Kruse, Michael, additional, and Kustowski, Bogdan, additional

Published
2024
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13. Frustraum 1100 Experimental Campaign on the National Ignition Facility

Author

Baker, Kevin, primary, Amendt, Peter, additional, Mariscal, Derek, additional, Sio, Hong, additional, Landen, Otto, additional, Ho, Darwin, additional, Smalyuk, Vladimir, additional, Lindl, John, additional, Ross, James, additional, Aghaian, Loosineh, additional, allen, Anthony, additional, Aybar, Nicholas, additional, Birge, Noah, additional, Casey, Daniel, additional, celliers, Peter, additional, Chen, Hui, additional, Fehrenbach, Tobias, additional, Fittinghoff, David, additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, Hermann, additional, Geppert-Kleinrath, Verena, additional, glenzer, Siegfried, additional, Haan, Steve, additional, hinkel, Denise, additional, Khan, Shahab, additional, Kong, Casey, additional, Kritcher, Andrea, additional, Millot, Marius, additional, Milovich, Jose, additional, Nikroo, Abbas, additional, Nora, Ryan, additional, Pak, Arthur, additional, ping, yuan, additional, Ralph, Joseph, additional, Ratledge, Mark, additional, Roskopf, Nicholas, additional, Rubery, Michael, additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, strozzi, david, additional, Wild, Christoph, additional, Woodworth, Brandon, additional, and Young, Chris, additional

Published
2024
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14. Morphology of Copper Nanofoams for Radiation Hydrodynamics and Fusion Applications Investigated by 3D Ptychotomography.

Author

Carr, Adra, Sechrest, Yancey, Mertes, Kevin, Patterson, Brian Martin, Wohlberg, Brendt, Hancock, Levi, Sirica, Nicholas, Sandberg, Richard, Sweeney, Christine, Hunter, James, Ward, William, Seaberg, Matthew H., Zhu, Diling, Esposito, Vincent, Galtier, Eric, Song, Sanghoon, Baumann, Theodore F., Stadermann, Michael, Gleason, Arianna, and Weisse-Bernstein, Nina R.

Published
2024
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39. Legal Challenges for the Law of the Sea and Maritime Law in the Light of Disruptive Technologies – Modular and Autonomous Submarines

Author

Halog, Jason, Margat, Paul, and Stadermann, Michael

Subjects
law of the sea, submarines, international maritime law, autonomous navigation, disruptive technologies, modularity
Abstract

The present paper concerns the legal evaluationof technological progress. It assumes that disruptive technologies change the circumstances in which an internationaltreaty was drafted leading to an incompatibility of the currentlegal framework with such innovative products. To illustratethis phenomenon, the article introduces the project of thecompany ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, the ModifiableUnderwater Mothership (MUM). Using an autonomous andmodular design, this product seems to not fit into the existing law of the sea. &nbsp

Published
2022
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40. Additive Manufacture of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications

Author

Reale Batista, Mariana Desiree, primary, Chandrasekaran, Swetha, additional, Moran, Bryan, additional, Salazar de Troya, Miguel A, additional, Carleton, Adam, additional, Roy, Thomas, additional, Zeng, Manhao, additional, Pinongcos, Anica, additional, Lin, Dun, additional, Wang, Zhen, additional, Hensleigh, Ryan, additional, Kuntz, Joshua, additional, Beck, Victor A, additional, Tortorelli, Daniel, additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Li, Yat, additional, Zheng, Rayne, additional, and Worsley, Marcus Andre, additional

Published
2022
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43. (Invited) 3D Printing of 2D Materials for Optimized Electrochemical Performance

Author

Worsley, Marcus Andre, primary, Beck, Victor A, additional, Reale Batista, Mariana Desiree, additional, Chandrasekaran, Swetha, additional, Moran, Bryan, additional, Salazar de Troya, Miguel A, additional, Carleton, Adam, additional, Roy, Thomas, additional, Tortorelli, Daniel, additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Pinongcos, Anica, additional, Lin, Dun, additional, Wang, Zhen, additional, Hensleigh, Ryan, additional, and Li, Yat, additional

Published
2022
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47. Design and Additive Manufacturing of Optimized Electrodes for Energy Storage Applications

Author

Reale Batista, Mariana Desireé, primary, Chandrasekaran, Swetha, additional, Moran, Bryan D., additional, Salazar de Troya, Miguel, additional, Pinongcos, Anica, additional, Wang, Zhen, additional, Hensleigh, Ryan, additional, Carleton, Adam, additional, Zeng, Manhao, additional, Roy, Thomas, additional, Lin, Dun, additional, Xue, Xinzhe, additional, Beck, Victor A., additional, Tortorelli, Daniel A., additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Zheng, Xiaoyu (Rayne), additional, Li, Yat, additional, and Worsley, Marcus A., additional

Published
2022
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49. Comparative Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Analysis of Water Oxidation and Hydrogen Oxidation at the Anode in a CO2 Electrolysis to Ethylene System

Author

Li, Wenqin, primary, Feaster, Jeremy T., additional, Akhade, Sneha A., additional, Davis, Jonathan T., additional, Wong, Andrew A., additional, Beck, Victor A., additional, Varley, Joel B., additional, Hawks, Steven A., additional, Stadermann, Michael, additional, Hahn, Christopher, additional, Aines, Roger D., additional, Duoss, Eric B., additional, and Baker, Sarah E., additional

Published
2021
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