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OBJECTIVE: Summaries of health research can be a complementary way to return value to participants. We assess how research participants engage with summaries via email communication and how this can be improved. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We look at correlations between demographic subgroups and engagement in a longitudinal dataset of 305 626 participants (77% are classified as underrepresented in biomedical research) from the All of Us Research Program. We compare this against engagement with other program communications and use impact evaluations (N = 421 510) to measure the effect of tailoring communication by (1) eliciting content preferences, (2) Spanish focused content, (3) informational videos, and (4) article content in the email subject line. RESULTS: Between March 2020 and October 2021, research summaries reached 67% of enrolled participants, outperforming other program communication (60%) and return of results (31%), which have a high uptake rate but have been extended to a subset of eligible participants. While all demographic subgroups engage with research summaries, participants with higher income, educational attainment, White, and older than 45 years open and click content most often. Surfacing article content in the email subject line and Spanish focused content had negative effects on engagement. Video and social media content and eliciting preferences led to a small directional increase in clicks. DISCUSSION: Further individualization of tailoring efforts may be needed to drive larger engagement effects (eg, delivering multiple articles in line with stated preferences, expanding preference options). Our findings are likely a conservative representation of engagement effects, given the coarseness of our click rate measure. CONCLUSIONS: Health research summaries show promise as a way to return value to research participants, especially if individual-level results cannot be returned. Personalization of communication requires testing to determine whether efforts are having the expected effect.

BACKGROUND: Older adults with chronic or acute cognitive impairment, such as dementia or delirium, who are hospitalized face unique barriers to person-centered care and a higher risk for negative outcomes stemming from hospitalizations. There is a need for co-designed interventions adapted for these patients to the hospital setting to improve care and outcomes. Patient life storytelling interventions have demonstrated promise in enhancing person-centered care by improving patient-care team relationships and providing information to enable care tailored to individual needs and values. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to engage patients, care partners, and clinical stakeholders in a co-design process to adapt an existing life storytelling model for use with older adults with dementia and at risk of delirium in the acute care hospital setting. METHODS: We recruited patients with dementia or at risk of delirium who were hospitalized, their care partners, clinicians, and informaticists. A 3-stage co-design process that used a mixed methods data collection approach including in-depth interviews and surveys was completed. We used content analysis to analyze qualitative data and descriptive statistics to summarize quantitative data. RESULTS: In total, 27 stakeholder informants (ie, patients, care partners, and interdisciplinary care team [IDT] members) participated. Stakeholders were unanimously interested in using patient life stories as a tool for hospital care through electronic health record (EHR) integration. Stakeholders shared potential topics for life stories to cover, including social support, information on patients key life events, and favorite activities. Participants provided insights into the logistics of integrating life stories into acute care, including interview arrangement, story-sharing methods, and barriers and facilitators. IDT members shared preferences on EHR integration, resulting in 3 co-designed mock-ups of EHR integration options. Stakeholders shared ways to optimize future acceptability and uptake, including engaging with the care team and promoting awareness of life stories, ensuring suitability to the acute environment (eg, distilling information in an easily digestible way), and addressing concerns for patient capacity and privacy (eg, engaging care partners when appropriate). Thoughts on potential impacts of life stories were also elicited, including improving patient- and care partner-IDT member relationships; humanizing patients; increasing clinical team, patient, and caregiver satisfaction; and enabling more specific, tailored care for patients with dementia and at risk of delirium. CONCLUSIONS: This study resulted in a co-designed life storytelling intervention for patients with dementia and at risk for delirium in an acute care hospital setting. Stakeholders provided valuable information to ensure future intervention acceptability and uptake, including potential benefits, facilitators, and challenges in the acute care setting.

In vitro gametogenesis (IVG), the reconstitution of germ cell development in vitro, is an emerging stem cell-based technology with profound implications for reproductive science. Despite researchers' long-term goals for future clinical applications, little is currently known about the views of IVG held by the stakeholders potentially most affected by its introduction in humans. We conducted focus groups and interviews with 80 individuals with lived experience of infertility and/or LGBTQ+ family formation in the US, two intersecting groups of potential IVG users. Respondents expressed hope that IVG would lead to higher reproductive success than current assisted reproductive technology (ART), alleviate suffering associated with ART use, and promote greater social inclusion, while expressing concerns predominantly framed in terms of equity and safety. These findings underscore the importance of sustained engagement with stakeholders with relevant experience to anticipate the implications of IVG for research and clinical translation.

IntroductionMethodResultsConclusionsThe field of neuropsychology is undergoing notable changes, especially in the context of the Minnesota Update Conference (MNC) guidelines draft development. In late 2023, a group of neuropsychology trainee-leaders, united through the Clinical Neuropsychology Trainee Forum (CNTF), surveyed neuropsychology trainees in the United States and Canada to better understand their needs and their perception of the current training climate.Survey items were drafted by a CNTF task force consisting of trainee-leaders from major neuropsychology organizations before being refined by four independent neuropsychologists. The survey was distributed via listservs and social media. Survey results were analyzed using frequency descriptives and analyses of variance to compare differences in responses based on demographic and training-related factors.Respondents who completed a majority of the survey (n = 220) were primarily female (86%), White (71%), and training in the United States (92%). More than 75% of respondents reported satisfaction with their doctoral program, internship, and/or fellowship. Similarly, 90% and 73% of the respondents, respectively, felt their opinions on the future of the field listened to and/or valued in discussions with peers and supervisors/mentors. However, only 57% of the respondents felt their opinions were valued by neuropsychology organizational leadership, and approximately 30% of the respondents agreed that trainees’ opinions were valued during the MNC draft development review period. Another 40% of the respondents were uncertain about trainee perspectives being valued during the MNC process.Most neuropsychology trainees are satisfied with their training, yet they expressed concerns about their opinions on the future of the field being heard by neuropsychology leadership. Trainee stakeholder engagement will be important to the vitality of neuropsychology in light of anticipated MNC Guidelines. Recommendations for the field of neuropsychology to support trainees will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPurposeMaterials and methodsResultsConclusions\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPeople with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently inactive with increased risk of higher rates of chronic health conditions, mortality and economic burden than peers without TBI. Understanding how this population experience physical activity participation may help us develop better pathways and supports to community-based physical activity.Using an interpretive description approach, we conducted a secondary analysis of focus group and interview data. Themes were generated in two stages of inductive coding and refined in a workshop by the author team which comprised multidisciplinary researchers, clinicians and people with lived experience of moderate-to-severe TBI.Twenty-two people with moderate-to-severe TBI took part. They experienced physical activity in diverse and often changing ways, reflecting the numerous, powerful tensions that people with TBI are striving to navigate. Four themes were identified: 1. What is my new normal?, 2. Invisible injuries, hidden needs, 3. The long road back to physical activity, and 4. Expanding horizons.People with moderate-to-severe TBI have to work hard to be physically active. Results indicate that physical activity promotion should include person-centred information and support, appropriate community-based options that go beyond rehabilitation, and insurance funding that recognises the value of life-long physical activity.People with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have to work hard to be physically active and are frequently inactive with poor health outcomesThis cohort experiences physical activity in diverse and often changing ways.Physical activity promotion should include person-centred information, and support to access appropriate community-based options.Injury and disability insurance schemes should fund people with TBI to encourage life-long physical activity.People with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have to work hard to be physically active and are frequently inactive with poor health outcomesThis cohort experiences physical activity in diverse and often changing ways.Physical activity promotion should include person-centred information, and support to access appropriate community-based options.Injury and disability insurance schemes should fund people with TBI to encourage life-long physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nigeria has a significant burden of NTDs with more than 120 million people at risk of the dominant NTDs namely Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Schistosomiasis. Control efforts have involved the four levels of governance with programs focused on vector control, preventive chemotherapy, water, sanitation and health education. However, the coordination across these levels and with multiple stakeholders remains unclear especially in states like Taraba that have received significant funding from local non-governmental organisations. Methods: This study evaluated NTD control effectiveness across national, state, local, and community levels in Nigeria. Eighty-two stakeholders were interviewed across the 4 governance levels. Results: Findings showed distinct roles of the different stakeholders: the National government sets policies, states adapt and strategise, local governments implement programs, and community leaders drive engagement. There is also some multi-sectoral collaboration and coordination among stakeholders. Challenges included inconsistent drug distribution, inadequate Community Drug Distributor (CDD) incentives, and limited cross-sector coordination. Discussion: NTD control progress has been notable, but to meet WHO's 2030 targets, Nigeria needs expanded partnerships, increased private sector involvement, improved drug distribution, enhanced CDD support, and integrated programs with cross-border collaboration. Conclusion: Strengthening multi-sectoral partnerships, improving resource allocation, and engaging community leaders are crucial for advancing NTD elimination in Nigeria. A coordinated approach is essential for sustainable disease control and achieving global health objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of India’s small and medium-sized urban areas are challenged by the absence of utility facilities and their unequal distribution. The inequality study focuses on the spatial pattern of urban utility distribution in Hooghly-Chinsurah Municipality and its citizens’ opinions. Accordingly, wards are considered distinctive spatial units delimited and recognized by the municipal authority for administrative purposes. Therefore, an urban utility index using ward-level data for utilities collected from the field and municipal offices was applied. Additionally, the mean spacing of the urban utilities and road density were computed. Hotspots, coldspots, and mean centre of development assisted in concentric proximity analysis. The results of the analysis revealed that wards located in the south-eastern part and having older settlements are relatively more developed. Moreover, the results revealed wide spatial inequalities that could be addressed through the upgrading and expansion of planned developmental initiatives. For that, equitable participation of stakeholders and spatio-temporal modification of developmental plans is a prerequisite. The author concludes that although infrastructural planning is subject to political and financial discretion, the findings suggest the need to adopt a new urban development policy for the distribution of essential utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are a myriad of ways patient partners can enact their roles on research teams. International guidelines emphasize the need for a collaborative approach to determining these roles to try to improve research impact and positive patient partner experience. The aims of this review were to: (1) describe how patient partners' roles as co-researchers in health research are determined; and (2) identify factors that influence how these decisions are made. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Four databases were searched plus citation searching occurred. Descriptions of English language studies of any design and commentaries of studies that report on patient partners' or researchers' reflections on their decision-making processes for engagement were included. Two reviewers completed screening and data extraction, with a third to resolve disagreements. Results were summarized and then content analysis was undertaken to synthesize the findings. Two patient partners contributed to the protocol development, screening, data interpretation, and manuscript writing at varying times during the process. Results: A total of 45 papers (25 commentaries, 19 studies and 1 both a study and commentary) were included in this review. Most papers were from the United Kingdom (n = 15) and Canada (n = 12). Most patient partners had experiences related to chronic conditions rather than acute or time-limited illnesses. The synthesis yielded two categories. The first category, the research and research team attributes shape patient partner roles, encompassed patient partner, researcher and activity related factors that influenced patient partner engagement in activities. The second category, shared and ongoing decision-making, described the decision-making process to determine patient partner engagement, timing of these decisions, and tools to support these decisions. Conclusion: A dynamic, systematic and shared decision-making approach to determining patient partners' roles in the research process has the potential to support meaningful engagement and maximize benefits. Because the research process may evolve over time and patient partners situations can change, there may be a need to renegotiate the patient partner's role. Plain English summary: Patient partners can undertake various roles in the research process. International guidelines recommend patient partners and researchers work together to decide how patient partners will be involved in the research and there are many activities patient partners can do to enact their role. This review describes how these decisions are made and what shapes them. We reviewed 45 English-language research studies and commentaries on the views of patient partners and researchers that described patient partners' and researchers' approaches to determining patient partners' roles in the research process. Most of these studies were from the United Kingdom and Canada, with patient partners generally having chronic illness experience. We found that patient partner roles evolved throughout the study, with many factors affecting this process. Determining the patient partner role was dynamic, with reflection, discussion and negotiation occurring throughout the research process. The review suggests the need for both patient partners and researchers to together make decisions about their respective roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Little is known about the information needs of older people and their family caregivers, particularly around medication management. This is largely because this population are infrequently consulted in research. Health technologies such as digital dashboards can present comprehensive and timely data summaries to improve knowledge and guide decision-making. Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand current information seeking-behaviours of aged care service users and their families, and their preferences for the presentation of these types of information to support the co-design of a digital aged care dashboard. Methods: Aged care clients (community and residential aged care) and their family members were invited to participate in semi-structured, one-on-one interviews conducted over the telephone. The interviews explored how participants sought health information, how this information supported their clinical decision-making, and how they would want this information to be presented via a digital dashboard. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and independently analysed using an inductive content approach by three reviewers to identify prominent categories. Results: Aged care clients and family members sought health information from healthcare providers, aged care facilities and the Internet. Information regarding medications, medical conditions and an overview for family members were of particular importance to participants. Participants saw the usefulness of a digital dashboard displaying relevant information, and provided suggestions regarding presentation of this information. This included the use of large text, representative colours, symbols and graphs. Participants recommended being able to tailor the dashboard to individual end-users. Conclusions: By engaging aged care clients and their families in research, it was found that they had positive views about a digital dashboard that presented clinical information and was readily accessible. Such a dashboard could complement their current practices of information-seeking. However, for the dashboard to be effective for this population, several suggestions for its design were raised. Understanding the information-seeking behaviours of aged care clients and their families, together with knowledge of the information that is important to them, and then subsequent incorporation of this information into a digital dashboard that reflects their design preferences, could lead to more informed decision-making in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For development projects, an action research approach is often encouraged to enhance participation of end-users or beneficiaries at various stages of the project to realize the desired social transformation in the target communities. The project under consideration in this study adopted action research for some of its activities. A review of the project action research activities was conducted as part of the strategic reflection for lesson learning and to inform modification where necessary. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the relevance of action research approach to implementation of project activities and, (ii) to draw lessons for agricultural development projects applying participatory approaches. Fifty-one participants involved in the project action research activities were interviewed on their understanding of action research, its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and level of participation in action research activities. The perception of the participants interviewed regarding action research approach was that it is relevant and important for the project, and that it has provided a good platform for learning by all participants. Some key lessons from this study for development projects when applying action research approach include the need to focus on a limited number of issues or activities that can produce social transformation in the target communities, and the necessity of adequate planning for monitoring and documentation of learning by participants. From our study, action research is a pertinent approach in community development projects, but it should be well-planned to achieve the desired objective of social transformation in the target communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although most evaluators are familiar with participatory evaluation (PE), the ability to measure stakeholder participation in an evaluation remains challenging. Based on Cousins and Whitmore's (1998) PE theoretical model, Daigneault and Jacob (2009, 2012, 2014) developed an instrument for measuring the degree to which an evaluation can be considered participatory. The present study used Daigneault and Jacob's Participatory Evaluation Measurement Instrument (PEMI) in the evaluation of a public school district's educator mentoring program. The evaluators examined the benefits and challenges of using the instrument in public school settings. This paper details the procedure of using PEMI to explore the level of stakeholder participation in the evaluation case and uses a process similar to the mini-ethnography method to reflect on the experiences of the evaluators through the procedure. Findings show that in addition to accurately capturing the perceived level of participation, PEMI may be utilized in the planning phases of evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Behavioral medicine has made key contributions toward improving health outcomes. Engaging community partners in research is critical to addressing persistent health inequities. The aim of this scoping review was to explore how researchers engaged community partners within the field of behavioral medicine research from 2005 to 2023. Method: Publication databases and gray literature were searched for research that engaged community partners to address questions relevant to behavioral medicine. Articles were screened by title and abstract, and then by full text. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were coded using the framework provided by the Engagement Navigator to identify engagement approaches, methods, and tools and when they were used during the research. Results: Of 1486 articles initially identified, 58 met the inclusion criteria. Most articles used well-known approaches (e.g., community-based participatory research; 67%), methods (e.g., advisory committees; 59%), and tools (e.g., interviews; 41%), and engaged with healthcare service providers (62%) and/or patients (53%). Community partners were most often included in research planning and design (79%), and less often in dissemination (45%). Conclusion: Community engagement has considerable potential to address health inequities. Our assessment of the approaches, methods, and tools used by behavioral medicine researchers to engage with a diverse range of community partners points toward promising strategies for enhancing the impact of community engagement. Researchers should incorporate explicit descriptions of community engagement strategies in publications, an outcome that could be facilitated by clear publishing guidelines, structured reporting tools, and clear messaging from funders about the value of community engagement in behavioral medicine research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Summaries of health research can be a complementary way to return value to participants. We assess how research participants engage with summaries via email communication and how this can be improved. Materials and Methods We look at correlations between demographic subgroups and engagement in a longitudinal dataset of 305 626 participants (77% are classified as underrepresented in biomedical research) from the All of Us Research Program. We compare this against engagement with other program communications and use impact evaluations (N = 421 510) to measure the effect of tailoring communication by (1) eliciting content preferences, (2) Spanish focused content, (3) informational videos, and (4) article content in the email subject line. Results Between March 2020 and October 2021, research summaries reached 67% of enrolled participants, outperforming other program communication (60%) and return of results (31%), which have a high uptake rate but have been extended to a subset of eligible participants. While all demographic subgroups engage with research summaries, participants with higher income, educational attainment, White, and older than 45 years open and click content most often. Surfacing article content in the email subject line and Spanish focused content had negative effects on engagement. Video and social media content and eliciting preferences led to a small directional increase in clicks. Discussion Further individualization of tailoring efforts may be needed to drive larger engagement effects (eg, delivering multiple articles in line with stated preferences, expanding preference options). Our findings are likely a conservative representation of engagement effects, given the coarseness of our click rate measure. Conclusions Health research summaries show promise as a way to return value to research participants, especially if individual-level results cannot be returned. Personalization of communication requires testing to determine whether efforts are having the expected effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Primary care (PC) is a unique clinical specialty and research discipline with its own perspectives and methods. Research in this field uses varied research methods and study designs to investigate myriad topics. The diversity of PC presents challenges for reporting, and despite the proliferation of reporting guidelines, none focuses specifically on the needs of PC. The Consensus Reporting Items for Studies in Primary Care (CRISP) Checklist guides reporting of PC research to include the information needed by the diverse PC community, including practitioners, patients, and communities. CRISP complements current guidelines to enhance the reporting, dissemination, and application of PC research findings and results. Prior CRISP studies documented opportunities to improve research reporting in this field. Our surveys of the international, interdisciplinary, and interprofessional PC community identified essential items to include in PC research reports. A 2-round Delphi study identified a consensus list of items considered necessary. The CRISP Checklist contains 24 items that describe the research team, patients, study participants, health conditions, clinical encounters, care teams, interventions, study measures, settings of care, and implementation of findings/results in PC. Not every item applies to every study design or topic. The CRISP guidelines inform the design and reporting of (1) studies done by PC researchers, (2) studies done by other investigators in PC populations and settings, and (3) studies intended for application in PC practice. Improved reporting of the context of the clinical services and the process of research is critical to interpreting study findings/results and applying them to diverse populations and varied settings in PC.

Abstract Background There are a myriad of ways patient partners can enact their roles on research teams. International guidelines emphasize the need for a collaborative approach to determining these roles to try to improve research impact and positive patient partner experience. The aims of this review were to: (1) describe how patient partners’ roles as co-researchers in health research are determined; and (2) identify factors that influence how these decisions are made. Methods A scoping review was conducted. Four databases were searched plus citation searching occurred. Descriptions of English language studies of any design and commentaries of studies that report on patient partners’ or researchers’ reflections on their decision-making processes for engagement were included. Two reviewers completed screening and data extraction, with a third to resolve disagreements. Results were summarized and then content analysis was undertaken to synthesize the findings. Two patient partners contributed to the protocol development, screening, data interpretation, and manuscript writing at varying times during the process. Results A total of 45 papers (25 commentaries, 19 studies and 1 both a study and commentary) were included in this review. Most papers were from the United Kingdom (n = 15) and Canada (n = 12). Most patient partners had experiences related to chronic conditions rather than acute or time-limited illnesses. The synthesis yielded two categories. The first category, the research and research team attributes shape patient partner roles, encompassed patient partner, researcher and activity related factors that influenced patient partner engagement in activities. The second category, shared and ongoing decision-making, described the decision-making process to determine patient partner engagement, timing of these decisions, and tools to support these decisions. Conclusion A dynamic, systematic and shared decision-making approach to determining patient partners’ roles in the research process has the potential to support meaningful engagement and maximize benefits. Because the research process may evolve over time and patient partners situations can change, there may be a need to renegotiate the patient partner’s role.

Abstract Background Little is known about the information needs of older people and their family caregivers, particularly around medication management. This is largely because this population are infrequently consulted in research. Health technologies such as digital dashboards can present comprehensive and timely data summaries to improve knowledge and guide decision-making. Objectives The aim of this study was to understand current information seeking-behaviours of aged care service users and their families, and their preferences for the presentation of these types of information to support the co-design of a digital aged care dashboard. Methods Aged care clients (community and residential aged care) and their family members were invited to participate in semi-structured, one-on-one interviews conducted over the telephone. The interviews explored how participants sought health information, how this information supported their clinical decision-making, and how they would want this information to be presented via a digital dashboard. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and independently analysed using an inductive content approach by three reviewers to identify prominent categories. Results Aged care clients and family members sought health information from healthcare providers, aged care facilities and the Internet. Information regarding medications, medical conditions and an overview for family members were of particular importance to participants. Participants saw the usefulness of a digital dashboard displaying relevant information, and provided suggestions regarding presentation of this information. This included the use of large text, representative colours, symbols and graphs. Participants recommended being able to tailor the dashboard to individual end-users. Conclusions By engaging aged care clients and their families in research, it was found that they had positive views about a digital dashboard that presented clinical information and was readily accessible. Such a dashboard could complement their current practices of information-seeking. However, for the dashboard to be effective for this population, several suggestions for its design were raised. Understanding the information-seeking behaviours of aged care clients and their families, together with knowledge of the information that is important to them, and then subsequent incorporation of this information into a digital dashboard that reflects their design preferences, could lead to more informed decision-making in this population.

BACKGROUND: Involving patient and community stakeholders in clinical trials adds value by ensuring research prioritizes patient goals both in conduct of the study and application of the research. The use of stakeholder committees and their impact on the conduct of a multicenter clinical trial have been underreported clinically and academically. The aim of this study is to describe how Study Advisory Committee (SAC) recommendations were implemented throughout the Emergency Medicine Palliative Care Access (EMPallA) trial. EMPallA is a multi-center, pragmatic two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of nurse-led telephonic case management and specialty, outpatient palliative care of older adults with advanced illness. METHODS: A SAC consisting of 18 individuals, including patients with palliative care experience, members of healthcare organizations, and payers was convened for the EMPallA trial. The SAC engaged in community-based participatory research and assisted in all aspects from study design to dissemination. The SAC met with the research team quarterly and annually from project inception to dissemination. Using meeting notes and recordings we completed a qualitative thematic analysis using an iterative process to develop themes and subthemes to summarize SAC recommendations throughout the projects duration. RESULTS: The SAC convened 16 times between 2017 and 2020. Over the course of the project, the SAC provided 41 unique recommendations. Twenty-six of the 41 (63%) recommendations were adapted into formal Institutional Review Board (IRB) study modifications. Recommendations were coded into four major themes: Scientific, Pragmatic, Resource and Dissemination. A majority of the recommendations were related to either the Scientific (46%) or Pragmatic (29%) themes. Recommendations were not mutually exclusive across three study phases: Preparatory, execution and translational. A vast majority (94%) of the recommendations made were related to the execution phase. Major IRB study modifications were made based on their recommendations including data collection of novel dependent variables and expanding recruitment to Spanish-speaking patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides an example of successful integration of a SAC in the conduct of a pragmatic, multi-center RCT. Future trials should engage with SACs in all study phases to ensure trials are relevant, inclusive, patient-focused, and attentive to gaps between health care and patient and family needs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03325985, 10/30/2017.

BackgroundCognitive impairment and dementia are frequently under-recognized. Health system strategies anchored in primary care are essential to address gaps in timely, comprehensive diagnosis. The goal of this paper is to describe the adaptation of a tablet-based brain health assessment (TabCAT-BHA) intervention and the study protocol to test its effectiveness in improving the detection of cognitive impairment, including dementia.MethodsThis mixed-methods, pragmatic, cluster randomized, hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial is being conducted in two 18-month waves with 26 Kaiser Permanente Southern California primary care clinics, with 13 serving as intervention clinics and 13 as usual care clinics. Patients 65 years and older with memory concerns (n ~ 180,000) receiving care at the 26 clinics will be included in the analyses. Primary care clinics are provided the following practice supports as part of the TabCAT-BHA intervention: brief education and training on neurocognitive disorders and study workflows; digital tools to assess cognitive function and support clinician decision making and documentation; and registered nurse support during the work-up and post-diagnosis periods for primary care providers, patients, and families. The intervention was adapted based on engagement with multiple levels of clinical and operational leaders in the healthcare system. Effectiveness outcomes include rates of cognitive impairment diagnosis in primary care and rates of completed standardized cognitive assessments and specialist referrals with incident diagnoses. Implementation outcomes include acceptability-appropriateness-feasibility, adoption, and fidelity.ResultsWe identified seven themes organized by system-, provider-, and patient-level domains that were used to adapt the TabCAT-BHA intervention. Accordingly, changes were made to the provider education, diagnostic work-up, and post-diagnostic support. Results will be reported in fall of 2027.ConclusionsOur engagement with multiple primary and specialty care clinical and operational leaders to adapt the TabCAT-BHA intervention to these primary care clinics has informed the protocol to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness for improving the detection of cognitive impairment, including dementia, in an integrated healthcare system.Trial registationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT06090578 (registered 10/24/23).

The purpose of this research is to examine the components of stakeholder participation to create value in the banking industry (the case study of East Azerbaijan Agricultural Bank). This research is developmental in terms of the goal, descriptive-exploratory in terms of the type of method, qualitative in terms of the method of collecting data, and meta-synthesis approach in terms of the method of conducting the research. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts in the field of banking and stakeholder behavior analysis. The results showed that by using the scientific method of meta-synthesis and by reviewing published articles, the articles that dealt with the topic of business process integration were analyzed, and based on 27 selected articles, 37 indicators were extracted. In this study, 1009 articles and related researches in reputable journals were selected from citation profiles in the period before 2020. Finally, 11 cases were evaluated and identified, and the final framework was confirmed and identified by applying the total opinions of the experts, the components and indicators of the stakeholders' participation as 1- activity 2- resources 3- input/output 4- goal 5- time 6- technology 7- Laws 8- Beneficiaries (owner, executive, customer, and supplier). Extended Abstract Introduction If organizations want to be successful in the long term, they should prioritize the needs and expectations of stakeholders. Stakeholders have right expectations and demands that should be taken into account. Therefore, the interaction and proper management of stakeholders should be an essential part of the management tasks of organizations, so that the management of public issues is defined as responding to the diverse stakeholders of organizations (Goldar et al, 2017). The need for stakeholder theory has been widely highlighted to develop sound strategies for a large organization. However, there is still a lack of popular visualization and application tools, and no unique approach is available to identifying and engaging stakeholders (Regge et al, 2018). In the complex and turbulent environment of the competitive market, organizations try to create a suitable position in the eyes of customers by providing distinct value propositions to customers. Meanwhile, an organization that is able to create a special value in the minds of customers will have a competitive advantage. This has prompted organizations to focus on the needs and demands of customers to supply special and distinctive products and services. No organization in the current era can satisfy customers by only using its special capabilities and facilities. Organizations are seeking to provide different products and services to customers by cooperating and participating with each other. In addition, organizations consider themselves responsible for their stakeholders and try to provide their desired value (Rahman Sarasht & Sheykhi, 2019). About the main nature of value creation in different stages of the value creation process, according to some researchers, potential value is hidden in the customer value statement of companies and organizations, and companies and organizations present to customers (Kikha et al, 2022). This hidden value is hidden in the essence of stakeholders' resources, which is used in the design of customer value options because it is not yet presented to customers in the real market environment and in the offers of companies and organizations. This is despite the fact that the scope of the customer's point of view is located where the hidden value of the company's and organization's market offers are objectified (Milles, 2017). Therefore, according to the issues raised, the present study intends to answer the question: what are the components of stakeholders' participation to create value in the banking industry in East Azerbaijan Keshavarzi Bank? Theoretical Framework Stakeholder The word "stakeholder" was used for the first time by the Stanford Research Institute. After the emergence of stakeholder thinking in this institution, for the first time in a report presented on planning in 1963 (Slinger, 1997), the Stanford Research Institute defines stakeholders as "people without whose support the organization would cease to exist." (Mainardes, 2011). Creating value The old view states that suppliers sell products or provide services; and customers buy them (Carroll & Buchholtz, 2006). But now, customers have the ability to communicate with manufacturers in each of the production stages, from design to its supply. This type of communication, as a mutual process, should result learning in both parties. In the other word, based on new approaches, customers and suppliers will have the possibility to create common value by cooperating with each other. Creating shared value is a type of marketing plan or business plan that emphasizes the creation and successive recognition of shared values ​​of the organization and the company and customers. Sheykh Beglu et al, (2021) reviewed the presentation of the stakeholder participation model in public policy making in the health system. The findings showed that by means of the theme analysis method, the theme network of factors affecting the participation of stakeholders was extracted with 103 basic themes, 20 organizing themes, and 5 inclusive themes. Then, by applying structural-interpretive modeling and establishing pairwise relationships, relationships between overarching themes were discovered and prioritized in four levels. As a result, the final model represents the levels of the framework of stakeholder participation in public policy, including the factors that form the basis of stakeholder participation, the conditions of interaction with stakeholders, the influencing factors of stakeholders, the operational conditions of stakeholder participation, and the results and consequences of stakeholder participation. Kajuri et al, (2021) examined the presentation of the value creation model for bank customers in the process of co-creation of brand value by bank customers (the case study of Shahr Bank). The results showed that the dimensions of the model include customer motivation, customer value, organizational factors, customer experience, customer loyalty and customer mental image; and the model has a good fit. Research methodology This research is developmental in terms of the goal, descriptive-exploratory in terms of the type of method, qualitative in terms of the method of collecting data, and meta-synthesis approach in terms of the method of conducting the research. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts in the field of banking and stakeholder behavior analysis. Research findings Using the scientific method of metasynthesis and reviewing the published articles, the articles that dealt with the topic of business process integration were analyzed; and 37 indicators were extracted based on 27 selected articles. In this study, 1009 articles and related researches in reputable journals were selected from citation profiles in the period before 2020. Finally, 11 cases were evaluated and identified, and the final framework was confirmed and identified by applying the total opinions of experts, components and indicators of stakeholder participation as 1- activity 2- resources 3- input / output 4- goal 5- time 6- technology 7- rules 8- stakeholders (owner, (executor, customer, supplier). Conclusion The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the components of stakeholders' participation to create value in the banking industry (the case study of East Azerbaijan Keshavarzi Bank). According to the obtained results, the current research is in line with the results of Sheykh Beglu et al, (2021), Kajuri et al, (2021), Fattahi & Rasulizad (2020), Seddigh et al, (2020), Bernadette et al, (2019), Shahmandi & Purajam (2019), Barzwar (2019), Esser & McNeill (2018), and Rukman (2017). Sheykh Beglu et al, (2021) investigated the presentation of the stakeholder participation model in public policy making in the health system. The findings showed that by means of the theme analysis method, the theme network of factors affecting the participation of stakeholders was extracted with 103 basic themes, 20 organizing themes, and 5 inclusive themes. Then, by applying structural-interpretive modeling and establishing pairwise connections, relationships between overarching themes were discovered and prioritized in four levels. As a result, the final model represents the levels of the framework of stakeholder participation in public policy, including the factors that form the basis of stakeholder participation, the conditions of interaction with stakeholders, the influencing factors of stakeholders, the operational conditions of stakeholder participation, and the results and consequences of stakeholder participation. According to the obtained results, the following suggestions were presented: - Organizations should try to adjust the output of processes as much as possible for the formation of other processes, and this will be the basis for integration between processes as much as possible. - Organizations should act towards the integration of goals by having missions, goals, plans and strategies aligned in all processes. - Regarding the time component, as a component that has a special effect on processes and their implementation, as well as their integration, especially in today's fast-paced world, paying attention to the time required to implement processes, the time required to change business processes and the implemented work, the time that the business process works without errors and the time required to communicate between the processes should be taken into consideration. - Based on the indicators of process automation level and the amount of attention to technology integration management, it is possible to help the integration of business processes to a great extent.

Abstract Background Involving stroke patients in clinical research through patient engagement aims to ensure that studies are patient-centered, and may help ensure they are feasible, ethical, and credible, ultimately leading to enhanced trust and communication between researchers and the patient community. In this study, we have conducted a scoping review to identify existing evidence and gaps in SPSE. Methods The five-step approach outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, in conjunction with the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, provided the structure for this review. To find relevant articles, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to February 2024. Additionally, the review team conducted a hand search using Google Scholar, key journals, and references of highly relevant articles. Reviewers screened articles, selecting eligible English-language ones with available full texts, and extracted data from them into a pre-designed table tested by the research team. Result Of the 1002 articles initially identified, 21 proved eligible. Stakeholder engagement primarily occurred during the design phase of studies and within the studies using qualitative methodologies. Although the engagement of stakeholders in the research process is increasing, practice regarding terminology and principles of implementation remains variable. Researchers have recognized the benefits of stakeholder engagement, but have also faced numerous challenges that often arise during the research process. Conclusion The current study identifies stakeholder groups and the benefits and challenges researchers face in implementing their engagement. Given existing challenges and limited specific models or frameworks, it is suggested to explore applied recommendations for stakeholder engagement in future studies, that may enhance stakeholder engagement, overcome obstacles, and unify researchers’ understanding of engagement and implementation.

Abstract Meaningful engagement with stakeholders in research demands intentional approaches. This paper describes the development of a framework to guide stakeholder engagement as research partners in a pragmatic trial proposed to evaluate behavioral interventions for dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients. We highlight the core principles of stakeholder engagement including representation of all perspectives, meaningful participation, respectful partnership with stakeholders, and accountability to stakeholders; and describe how these principles were operationalized to engage relevant stakeholders throughout the course of a large clinical trial.

Introduction: This study explores the integration of financial stability regulation in professional soccer within the framework of sport governance, focusing on the German context. The research examines how financial regulations influence key governance principles such as accountability, transparency, and sustainability, while also addressing the challenges posed by the dynamic nature of professional soccer. Methods: A qualitative methodology was employed, using focus group discussions with nine experts, including representatives from soccer clubs, auditing firms and other relevant stakeholders. The discussions aimed to capture diverse perspectives on the impact of financial stability regulation on governance practices within the German soccer league and clubs. Results: The findings reveal that financial stability regulation is effective in promoting financial discipline and accountability at both league and club levels. However, the study also identifies challenges, such as the need for greater harmonization of regulatory frameworks across different levels of professional soccer and the potential benefits of implementing incentive mechanisms within the financial stability regulation to improve governance at the league and club levels. Discussion: The study underscores the importance of a multi-dimensional approach to financial stability regulation, considering political, systemic, and organizational dimensions. It highlights the potential for improving governance through the adoption of independent governance models and more practical applications of governance principles. Future research could further explore these areas, offering insights that could enhance the effectiveness of financial regulation in professional soccer and potentially other sport contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Building timely consensus among diverse stakeholders is important in primary health care research. Consensus can be obtained using the nominal group technique which includes 5 steps: (1) introduction and explanation; (2) silent generation of ideas; (3) sharing ideas; (4) discussion; and (5) voting and ranking. The main challenges in using this technique are a lack of representation of different stakeholder opinions and the amount of time taken to reach consensus. In this paper, we demonstrate how to effectively achieve consensus using an adapted nominal group technique that mitigates the challenges. METHODS: This project aimed to reach consensus on the priority care domains for individuals aged 65 or older, using an adapted nominal group technique with 4 strategies: (1) recruit 4 stakeholders groups (older people, clinicians, managers, decision makers) by using maximum variation and snowballing sampling approaches; (2) use remote tools to ensure high participation; (3) add an individual pre-elicitation activity to increase effectiveness; and (4) adapt discussions to the stakeholders' preferences for meaningful engagement. RESULTS: In total, 28 diverse stakeholders participated. After the pre-elicitation activity and 1 round of group discussion, we reached consensus on a priority domain called symptoms, functioning, and quality of care. Adaptive group discussions and remote tools were the most effective strategies. All participants strongly agreed that they were able to express their views freely. Some perceived a need for emphasizing the alignment between the research objectives and anticipated practice and policy implications. CONCLUSIONS: This adapted nominal group technique is an effective and enriching method when timely consensus is needed among diverse stakeholders. Health care researchers in various fields can benefit from using this research methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic waste (e-waste), often dominated by the informal sector, has had adverse effects on recipient developing countries' economies, health and physical environment. Ghana, over the years, has had support from international organisations to manage its e-waste crisis. Until 2016, there was no e-waste specific policy to guide the management of the sector. In 2016, Ghana passed a regulatory policy – Act 917 – to specifically deal with e-waste, supported by other frameworks such as a regulatory instrument (L.I. 2250), a technical guideline for environmentally sound e-waste management and an e-waste-specific policy, which is currently being developed. However, there is dearth of research on how effectively a regulatory policy such as Act 917 can help address an informally dominated sector whose crude recycling approaches have had great environmental and health impacts. Adapting the analytical framework and intervention theory, key stakeholders within the e-waste sector were interviewed on: the effectiveness of the Act, the challenges confronting them and their involvement in the design and implementation processes. The findings showed that stakeholders were represented at various stages of the process. Informal recyclers were provided with training programmes, health centres and an incentive scheme to minimise burning of electrical and electronic equipment. There however exist many challenges to the sound management of the sector, particularly, the lack of end-to-end recycling facilities, registering and formalising the sector and sequencing of the e-waste policy and regulatory framework. The research concludes by recommending areas for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background : Involving stroke patients in clinical research through patient engagement aims to ensure that studies are patient-centered, and may help ensure they are feasible, ethical, and credible, ultimately leading to enhanced trust and communication between researchers and the patient community. In this study, we have conducted a scoping review to identify existing evidence and gaps in SPSE. Methods: The five-step approach outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, in conjunction with the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, provided the structure for this review. To find relevant articles, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to February 2024. Additionally, the review team conducted a hand search using Google Scholar, key journals, and references of highly relevant articles. Reviewers screened articles, selecting eligible English-language ones with available full texts, and extracted data from them into a pre-designed table tested by the research team. Result: Of the 1002 articles initially identified, 21 proved eligible. Stakeholder engagement primarily occurred during the design phase of studies and within the studies using qualitative methodologies. Although the engagement of stakeholders in the research process is increasing, practice regarding terminology and principles of implementation remains variable. Researchers have recognized the benefits of stakeholder engagement, but have also faced numerous challenges that often arise during the research process. Conclusion: The current study identifies stakeholder groups and the benefits and challenges researchers face in implementing their engagement. Given existing challenges and limited specific models or frameworks, it is suggested to explore applied recommendations for stakeholder engagement in future studies, that may enhance stakeholder engagement, overcome obstacles, and unify researchers' understanding of engagement and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy system planning has evolved from a narrow focus on engineering and supply works towards addressing more complex, multifactorial challenges. Increasingly challenged by climate change, extreme events, economic shocks, and altered supply demand patterns, the analysis of energy systems requires holistic approaches based on data-driven models, taking into account key socio-economic factors. We draw insights from reviewing the literature, indicating the need to cover the following major gaps: the shift to transdisciplinary approaches, incorporating environmental system analysis; resilient and sustainable energy designs based on flexible portfolios of renewable mixes; the integration of socio-economic aspects, economic analyses and behavioural models to ensure energy systems are not only technically sound but socially acceptable and viable; the need for stakeholder engagement considering the human angle in energy security and behavioural shifts. Responding to these pressing challenges and emerging needs, the Global Climate Hub (GCH) initiative, operating under the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, offers a conceptual framework, leveraging transdisciplinary approaches. In this Concept Paper, we present for the first time the idea of the GCH as a framework that we believe has the potential to address the modern holistic needs for energy system analysis and policymaking. By setting the conceptual/theoretical ground of our suggested approach, we aim to provide guidance for innovative combinations of cutting-edge models, socio-economic narratives, and inclusive interaction with relevant stakeholders for the development and the long-term implementation of sustainable pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In urban property development projects, attention to the needs and aspirations of local communities is often neglected. Although some developers still consider local community stakeholders to be a potential threat to their developments, in many developed countries, stakeholder participation is embedded within statutory processes such as the formal planning process and is increasingly regarded as a component of sustainable development. Even though the local community is widely recognized as an important project stakeholder, little has been done to understand how to engage effectively with this stakeholder group to resolve their concerns. The purpose of this study is to investigate practitioners' perceptions and actions on local community participation in urban property development projects. The study is conducted through interviews with 12 actors in the southern part of Sweden. The findings show the importance of early involvement of local communities, the relevance of building community networks, trust and relations, the challenges to stakeholder participation and the need to formalize stakeholder participation in the organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co‐production is a collaborative way of working which emphasises the exchange of diverse forms of knowledge in an equal partnership for equal benefits. Co‐produced research is a key strategic aim of the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Transforming UK Food Systems (TUKFS) Strategic Priorities Fund; this research programme brings together researchers, policymakers, industry and communities to create positive change in the way food is produced, accessed and consumed. However, more generally, there are diverse understandings of co‐production and a lack of consensus on what 'good practice' looks like. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and map examples of co‐production methods employed across the TUKFS programme. Two creative workshops (n = 15 participants), conversations with TUKFS researchers and stakeholders (n = 15), and systematic analysis of project documents were used to critically explore co‐production activities within six TUKFS projects. A range of co‐production activities were identified. Findings highlighted areas of 'messiness' and complexity, challenges associated with applying co‐production approaches and practical solutions. Four key shared principles for co‐production were identified: (1) Relationships: developing and maintaining reciprocity‐based partnerships; (2) Knowledge: recognising the contribution of diverse forms of expertise; (3) Power: considering power dynamics and addressing imbalances; and (4) Inclusivity: ensuring research is accessible to all who wish to participate. Opportunities for reflection and reflexivity were considered crucial across all these areas. Findings contribute important insights towards a shared conceptual understanding of co‐production for food system transformation research. This paper makes recommendations for researchers, practitioners, academic institutions and funders working in this area of research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meaningful engagement with stakeholders in research demands intentional approaches. This paper describes the development of a framework to guide stakeholder engagement as research partners in a pragmatic trial proposed to evaluate behavioral interventions for dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients. We highlight the core principles of stakeholder engagement including representation of all perspectives, meaningful participation, respectful partnership with stakeholders, and accountability to stakeholders; and describe how these principles were operationalized to engage relevant stakeholders throughout the course of a large clinical trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study highlights the crucial significance of stakeholder participation in the creation of a comprehensive energy and electrical master plan for Mozambique. The purpose of this study is to deliver a practical insights that transcend theoretical concerns by digging into the subtleties of stakeholder relationships and strategic collaborations, paving the path for pragmatic and meaningful solutions that connect with real-life conditions. This debate lays the groundwork for educated decision-making, propelling Mozambique's energy industry towards a more sustainable and prosperous future. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a combined approach of stakeholder analysis (SA) and social network analysis (SNA) to enhance our understanding of the stakeholder landscape in Mozambique's energy sector. This methodological approach offers a unique vantage point to examine the individual stakeholders' roles and the intricate web of connections, partnerships, collaborations and information-sharing activities. By integrating SA and SNA, this study aims to provide a more comprehensive and dynamic depiction of stakeholder interactions, contributing methodologically to the existing body of literature. Findings: The findings also highlight the need to develop frameworks that promote private investment and joint endeavours with entities such as Cahora Bassa Dam/Mozambique Transmission Company. A consistent legal framework ensures uniform performance and a robust monitoring system for ongoing projects, improving accountability and progress tracking. Furthermore, the discussion includes enhancing the competence of the regulatory agency regulating the electricity industry. This includes tackling complex concerns with electricity pricing and other regulatory aspects relevant to private investment. A highly empowered regulatory agency is critical to creating an atmosphere conducive to long-term private sector involvement. Research limitations/implications: While the study emphasises the need to integrate multiple stakeholders, it may not detail specific issues or impediments that may develop during the engagement process. Additional research could look into potential tensions or barriers to effective collaboration. Furthermore, the study emphasises the necessity of addressing environmental impacts; it must thoroughly examine specific environmental concerns such as carbon emissions, deforestation or renewable energy possibilities. Future research could assess the suggested policies' environmental impact more extensively. Additionally, while the conclusion briefly mentions economic prosperity, a more thorough consideration of the possible economic and social implications of various energy policies could provide a greater understanding of their practicality and potential benefits. Practical implications: In terms of practical contributions, this study aspires to shed light on how stakeholder interactions can shape energy policy interventions that ensure reliable and affordable energy sources for economic development and societal well-being. By unveiling the complex network of relationships and partnerships, this study seeks to provide actionable insights for policymakers, industry players and other stakeholders involved in Mozambique's energy sector. By taking this action, this research aims to pave the way for more effective and inclusive energy policies that align with circular economy principles, thus addressing a critical need in scholarly discourse and practical implementation. Originality/value: The study underscores the critical role of energy stakeholders in shaping energy policies and projects, given their influential positions and impact on decision-making processes. While existing literature acknowledges this influence, a discernible research gap exists in comprehensively understanding how stakeholder interactions and collaborations in the energy sector affect policy interventions within a context such as Mozambique. This study seeks to bridge this gap by delving into the intricacies of stakeholder involvement and its implications for energy policy development in Mozambique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background Since the 1990s, Tanzania has actively encouraged stakeholder participation in health services through Health Facility Governing Committees (HFGCs) to promote social accountability within its broader health system reforms. While previous studies have explored the functionality of the HFGCs, this study aimed to understand whether stakeholder participation in the HFGCs contributes to promoting social accountability in the health system. Methods Between July and October 2022, a qualitative study in two districts of Tanzania was carried out. Selected participants, knowledgeable about HFGCs, included facility managers, HFGC members representing diverse stakeholders in the committees, local government leaders, district health secretaries, and religious leaders. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed thematically. Results Findings revealed low stakeholder participation in the committees´ activities, partly due to the committees´ inability to effectively sensitize and mobilize them. Inadequate support from local government leaders and the dominance of the facility managers in the committees´ activities, also affected the committees´ role as promoters of social accountability. Conclusion The HFGCs in Tanzania have faced challenges in promoting social accountability due to weak stakeholder participation. Key issues include limited awareness of HFGCs, inadequate mobilization, and insufficient training, supervision, and guidelines from district councils. Additionally, flawed election processes, leadership interference, lack of political support, and limited financial resources undermined the committees’ effectiveness. To improve engagement, district councils should enhance stakeholder sensitization, build HFGC capacity, ensure that facilities allocate 5% of their budgets for committee activities, monitor performance, and encourage local government support for HFGCs.

The study assessed the satisfaction level of stakeholders with Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Ghana. The study was underpinned by the pragmatist paradigm and mixed-methods design. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used to engage 777 respondents for the data. Narrative inquiry, descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used to analyse the data. The study found that even though there was low participation of service users in the contractual arrangement regarding PPP in SWM, the service agreement was highly responsive to their (73%) SWM needs, as they (51.6%) were generally satisfied with the service provided through the agreement. This finding was at variance with the general participation-satisfaction nexus that greater participation leads to stakeholder satisfaction and vice-versa. The implication is that a high level of responsiveness of a service to the needs of stakeholders could sometimes offset the need for greater participation to enhance satisfaction. The result further suggests that the responsiveness-satisfaction nexus is stronger than the participation-satisfaction nexus in the PPP arrangement for SWM in Ghana. The study recommends that PPP arrangements in SWM in Ghana should focus more on adopting innovative ways to deliver services under the agreement to continuously address the immediate needs of service users and sustain their relevance in public service management. It also recommends that Assembly persons should utilise town hall meetings to increase the participation of service users in the contractual and implementation issues regarding PPP in SWM.

The evolution of urban morphology and urban mobility reveals a complex and multidimensional relation that has been historically linked to the evolution of technology and its influence on people's behaviour, desires, and needs. The increasing level of digitalization of human interactions in both social and work environments has created a new paradigm for urban mobility. Alongside, sustainability concerns are also accelerating the design of new policies for improving citizens’ quality of life in urban areas. To address this new paradigm, municipalities need to consider new methodologies encompassing the different dimensions of the urban environment. This can be achieved if key stakeholders participate in co-creating and co-designing new solutions for urban mobility. In this paper we propose a multidisciplinary approach to these problems, supported by service-dominant logic concepts. The approach was used to design the CoDUMIS framework that brings together four dimensions of urban areas (social, urban, technological, and organizational). The application of the framework to four distinct cases, in Portuguese municipalities, resulted in a set of guidelines that help municipalities to improve their services and policies in a participatory environment, involving all the stakeholders.

INTRODUCTION: Community engagement is increasingly recognized as a critical component of research, but few studies provide details on how to successfully incorporate community perspectives in urological research. This manuscript describes the community engagement strategy used by the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Research Consortium (PLUS) to design RISE FOR HEALTH (RISE), a multicenter, population-based, prospective cohort study to promote bladder health. METHODS AND RESULTS: The PLUS Community Engagement Subcommittee, guided by a set of antiracist community engagement principles and practices, organized, implemented, and communicated findings for all RISE community engagement activities. Community engagement was conducted through a diverse network of community partners at PLUS clinical research centers called Rapid Assessment Partners (RAPs). Via online surveys (4), virtual discussion groups (14), and one-on-one interviews (12), RAPs provided input on RISE processes and materials, including in-person visit procedures, specimen collection instructions, survey data collection instruments, recruitment materials, the study website, and the study name. This process resulted in significant changes to these aspects of the study design with reciprocal benefits for the community partners. DISCUSSION: Meaningful community engagement improved the design and implementation of RISE. PLUS will continue to engage community partners to interpret the RISE study results, disseminate RISE findings, and inform other PLUS studies toward the development of interventions to promote bladder health. Future urological studies would also benefit from community participation in determining priority research questions to address.

Abstract Background While oral health often takes a backseat to other health domains, it silently affects nearly half of the Worldwide population. The DELIVER project, funded by the EU’s Horizon Europe program, seeks to develop a blueprint model for improving the quality of oral health care for everyone. Methods Applying the Nominal Group Technique (NGT), 17 stakeholders from various backgrounds participated in identifying pressing issues for oral care quality improvement across practice, community, and policy levels. Results The results revealed significant differences at the different levels, with accessibility emerging as a prominent issue, encompassing affordability, availability, and acceptability of oral healthcare services. Conclusions These findings emphasizes the need for policy reforms, increased investments, and a shift towards preventive and patient-centered dental care practices. It highlights the importance of collaborative efforts with multi-stakeholders and prioritizing pressing issues on a multi-level to drive positive change in improving oral care quality.

Abstract Background Connecting end-users to research evidence has the power to improve patient knowledge and inform health decision-making. Differences in the culture and language of the end users may shape the effectiveness of knowledge mobilization (KMb). This scoping review set out to understand current approaches and methods when creating or adapting KMb products for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) audiences. Methods We searched 3 databases (Ovid Medline, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, PsychINFO) from 2011 until August 2023. We included any literature about KMb product creation or adaptation processes serving CALD communities. A primary reviewer screened all identified publications and a second reviewer screened publications excluded by the primary. Data were extracted using a standardized form by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Studies were categorized by type of adaptations (‘surface’ and/or ‘deep’ structure) and mapped based on type of stakeholder engagement used in the research approach (i2S model), and end-user involvement (content, design, evaluation and dissemination) in KMb product creation or adaptation. Results Ten thousand two hundred ninety-nine unique titles and abstracts were reviewed, 670 full-text studies were retrieved and reviewed, and 78 studies were included in final data extraction and mapping. Twenty-four studies (31%) created or adapted exclusively text-based KMb products such as leaflets and pamphlets and 49 (63%) produced digital products such as videos (n = 16, 33%), mobile applications (n = 14, 29%), and eHealth websites (n = 7, 14%). Twenty-five studies (32%) reported following a framework or theory for their creation or adaptation efforts. Twenty-eight studies (36%) engaged stakeholders in the research approach. Nearly all (96%) involved end-users in creating or adapting the KMb products through involvement in content development (n = 64), design features (n = 52), evaluation (n = 44) and dissemination (n = 20). Thirty-two (41%) studies included reflections from the research teams on the processes for creating or adapting KMb products for CALD communities. Conclusion Included studies cited a variety of methods to create or adapt KMb products for CALD communities. Successful uptake of created or adapted KMb products was often the result of collaboration and involvement with end-users for more applicable, accessible and meaningful products. Further research developing guidance and best practices is needed to support the creation or adaptation of KMb products with CALD communities. Registration Protocol submitted to Open Science Framework on August 16, 2022 ( https://osf.io/9jcw4/ ).

Anaerobic digestion (AD), or biogas technology, is an optimal method for municipal organic waste (MOW) treatment, recovering both material and energy. This study takes a life cycle assessment perspective and examines the economic and environmental impacts of a BIO facility in Minamisanriku Town, Japan, which has utilized MOW (kitchen/food waste and surplus sludge from sewage) as local biomass resources since 2012. Stakeholder interviews were conducted to gather data on material flows and impacts. Scenario analysis considered various conditions, such as pre- and post-operation of the BIO facility, the use and non-use of digestate as liquid fertilizer, and the facility's 100% operational efficiency. The results indicate that full operation of the BIO facility and marketing of value-added products, such as branded rice grown using liquid fertilizer, could significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, lower integrated environmental costs, improve the regional economy, and increase net income. In the business as usual (BAU) scenario with a 56% operation rate of the BIO facility, there is an over 10% improvement in economic and environmental impacts compared to the pre-operation baseline. This study underscores the importance of maximizing biomass utilization to develop value-added uses by enhancing, extending, and expending stakeholder collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While oral health often takes a backseat to other health domains, it silently affects nearly half of the Worldwide population. The DELIVER project, funded by the EU's Horizon Europe program, seeks to develop a blueprint model for improving the quality of oral health care for everyone. Methods: Applying the Nominal Group Technique (NGT), 17 stakeholders from various backgrounds participated in identifying pressing issues for oral care quality improvement across practice, community, and policy levels. Results: The results revealed significant differences at the different levels, with accessibility emerging as a prominent issue, encompassing affordability, availability, and acceptability of oral healthcare services. Conclusions: These findings emphasizes the need for policy reforms, increased investments, and a shift towards preventive and patient-centered dental care practices. It highlights the importance of collaborative efforts with multi-stakeholders and prioritizing pressing issues on a multi-level to drive positive change in improving oral care quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sprat are commercially valuable and are an important component of the North-East Atlantic ecosystem as major predators of zooplankton, competitors with herring, and prey for piscivorous fish, marine mammals, and seabirds. Despite this, insufficient information exists for Celtic Seas sprat, one of five North-East Atlantic stocks, to estimate stock status. To ensure the sustainable exploitation of sprat, the health of the Celtic Seas ecosystem, and the wider fisheries sector, we conduct a management strategy evaluation to stress test the current single-species advice framework. The aim is to evaluate whether ecosystem objectives can be achieved under single-species maximum sustainable yield and precautionary advice frameworks. An operating model was conditioned on life history theory and strategic information from ecosystem models. We showed that in-year advice using an empirical rule could achieve management objectives and help balance the trade-offs between fishing activities and ecosystem health. The approach allows ecosystem understanding to be incorporated within existing precautionary and maximum sustainable yield frameworks to provide a robust management framework that can meet multiple objectives despite uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Connecting end-users to research evidence has the power to improve patient knowledge and inform health decision-making. Differences in the culture and language of the end users may shape the effectiveness of knowledge mobilization (KMb). This scoping review set out to understand current approaches and methods when creating or adapting KMb products for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) audiences. Methods: We searched 3 databases (Ovid Medline, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, PsychINFO) from 2011 until August 2023. We included any literature about KMb product creation or adaptation processes serving CALD communities. A primary reviewer screened all identified publications and a second reviewer screened publications excluded by the primary. Data were extracted using a standardized form by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Studies were categorized by type of adaptations ('surface' and/or 'deep' structure) and mapped based on type of stakeholder engagement used in the research approach (i2S model), and end-user involvement (content, design, evaluation and dissemination) in KMb product creation or adaptation. Results: Ten thousand two hundred ninety-nine unique titles and abstracts were reviewed, 670 full-text studies were retrieved and reviewed, and 78 studies were included in final data extraction and mapping. Twenty-four studies (31%) created or adapted exclusively text-based KMb products such as leaflets and pamphlets and 49 (63%) produced digital products such as videos (n = 16, 33%), mobile applications (n = 14, 29%), and eHealth websites (n = 7, 14%). Twenty-five studies (32%) reported following a framework or theory for their creation or adaptation efforts. Twenty-eight studies (36%) engaged stakeholders in the research approach. Nearly all (96%) involved end-users in creating or adapting the KMb products through involvement in content development (n = 64), design features (n = 52), evaluation (n = 44) and dissemination (n = 20). Thirty-two (41%) studies included reflections from the research teams on the processes for creating or adapting KMb products for CALD communities. Conclusion: Included studies cited a variety of methods to create or adapt KMb products for CALD communities. Successful uptake of created or adapted KMb products was often the result of collaboration and involvement with end-users for more applicable, accessible and meaningful products. Further research developing guidance and best practices is needed to support the creation or adaptation of KMb products with CALD communities. Registration: Protocol submitted to Open Science Framework on August 16, 2022 (https://osf.io/9jcw4/). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]