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We have recently identified several aroylhydrazone-based molecular hybrids with antiseizure activity. We aimed to investigate the analgesic activity of these molecules further. Male ICR mice were injected intraperitoneally with the tested substances or with the vehicle only (controls). We performed hot plate tests, formalin test and maximal electroshock (MES) test and further studied the cytokine proteome in the brain. In silico analysis was performed for prediction of the physicochemical parameters and activity. The furan-substituted aroylhydrazone-based 2H-chromene hybrid showed a significant increase of the latent time as compared with the baseline values (p < .05). Both the chlorine-substituted and the methyl-substituted aroylhydrazone-based coumarin derivatives significantly decreased the first phase of the formalin test (p < .05). We also found suppression of all the cytokines which were overexpressed in the model of acute seizures (MES test) and in the formalin paw test. The in silico model predicted hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A synthetase 2 (HMGCS2) enhancer activity. Further testing is needed to confirm the mechanism of the potentially beneficial effects of the tested substances and to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of the proposed molecules.

Epilepsy is one of most reported neurological disorders after migraine, stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Empiric clinical data reveal that seizures and epilepsy more likely affect men than women. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of steroid adrenal and gonadal hormones on the intensity, dynamics and latency of kainic acid-evoked seizure and lethality in a rat model of epileptogenesis. After surgical adrenalectomy/gonadectomy, male rats were at random assorted in groups and treated from postoperative day 1 to day 5 with corticosterone (30 mg/kg), estradiol (0.03 mg/kg), progesterone (75 mg/kg), dihydroprogesterone (75 mg/kg) and dihydrotestosterone (0.75 mg/kg). Spontaneous recurrent seizures generated by kainic acid were assessed. The treatment with corticosterone eliminated the aggravation of kainic acid-evoked seizures produced by adrenalectomy/gonadectomy. The application of corticosterone decreased the seizure intensity by 31% and prevented seizure-associated animal death. The effect of estradiol treatment was quite opposite. Estradiol treatment exacerbated the somatic and behavioural aspects of kainic acid-evoked epilepsy-like syndrome. The hormone increased the intensity of kainic acid-evoked seizures by 31%, decreased the latency of clonic weak seizures by 49% and enhanced the associated lethality by 133%. The treatment with progesterone or dihydroprogesterone produced minor alterations in intensity and latency of kainic acid-evoked seizures in the operated male rats. The application of dihydrotestosterone significantly aggravated the kainic acid-evoked seizures. In summary, hormonal unbalance could play an important role for seizure susceptibility in epileptogenesis. Corticosterone has better anti-seizure activity than progesterone and testosterone has significant pro-convulsive activity.

This article explores cloud-based data processing object detection for future anti-collision system and georeferencing. At present, data processing from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is based, in most cases, on sequential image acquisition and subsequent processing, but there is a demand for real-time resolution. Real-time data processing can be beneficial to track changes accurately. The help of real-time kinematic sparse data generation is a possibility for new remote sensing applications. Sensors of light-weight and low-cost UAVs provide the opportunity to create target data in real-time.

The development of modern communication technologies such as video phones, video conferencing systems, HDTV, Internet and digital television requires color image digital processing. Concerning the fact that color images represents vector-valued signals, the use of vector techniques is demanded. In the case of noise removing the problem is related with vector filters. On that reason, this paper is focused on reviewing the most frequently used vector filters for impulsenoise suppression in color images.

In recent years, many linear filters have been replaced by nonlinear filters, especially in case of impulse noise distorting. Stack filters, the class of non-linear filters are very interesting for easy hardware realisation and threshold decomposition property. The development of digital HDTV gives technological push in this area. Various of very efficient order-statistics filters such as median or LUM smoother are useful in many applications. In addition, these filters can be realised as stack filters. This paper gives a short review of the stack filter class.