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Compounds used in the fashion industry effect the water bodies in the vicinity of textile factories, resulting in the visible coloration of surface water. Fe-doped graphite-based in house prepared electrodes were used in the Fenton- -like degradation of Reactive Blue 52 (RB52). The electrodes consisting of high-density graphite in three granulation sizes and three levels of Fe content were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amount of Fe in the electrodes and H2O2 concentration in synthetic textile wastewater were optimized. Additionally, the size of graphite grains was varied to investigate whether it effects the degradation rate. Under only 10 min of electro-Fenton degradation, a system with 10 mmol dm-3 of H2O2 and an electrode made of 7 % of Fe and 70 μm of granulation size of graphite, degraded over 75 % of RB52, and over 99 % after 40 min of treatment. The obtained results indicate that the proposed approach could be beneficial in the field of novel materials for environmental application and that in house prepared carbon could be an excellent replacement for commercially available supports.

Wine is a very rich source of polyphenols and essential elements which have multiple biological activities. This study evaluates the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) of sixteen wine samples made from different grape varieties in the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, mostly from the area of Orahovac and Velika Hoča. The obtained results, determined by using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, showed that wines from territory of Kosovo and Metohija are rich in polyphenols, with TPC ranges from 276±16 to 371±46 (white wines) and 1467±32 to 2823±43 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/L (red wines). The total antioxidant activities, determined by ABTS method, range from 8.7±0.4 to 22.8±0.7 mmol trolox equivalents TE/L for red wines and from 1.3±0.1 to 3.8±0.3 mmol TE/L for white wines. Elemental content of studied wines showed certain difference between wines from nearby regions.

This study presents the development of a novel electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of triclosan (TSC) on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and doped with yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3). The materials and proposed electrode were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified sensor exhibited significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards TSC compared to the unmodified CPE. The sensor demonstrated a wide linear detection range, which was obtained using square wave voltammetric method (SWV), with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.137 µM and a low limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.455 µM. The sensor also exhibited excellent selectivity towards TSC in the presence of various interfering substances. The practical applicability of the sensor was evaluated through real-sample analysis, where it was successfully used to determine TSC levels in tap water and toothpaste samples. The sensor demonstrated high recovery rates and minimal matrix effects, indicating its suitability for real-world applications. In conclusion, the developed CPE/Y2O3@GCN sensor offers a promising approach for the sensitive, selective, and reliable detection of triclosan in environmental and consumer products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, CeBTC (a cerium(III) 1,3,5-benzene-tricarboxylate), was used as a precursor for obtaining CeO2 nanoparticles (nanoceria) with better sensor performances than CeO2 nanoparticles synthesized by the solvothermal method. Metal–organic framework-derived nanoceria (MOFdNC) were functionalized with spheric gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to further improve non-enzymatic electrode material for highly sensitive detection of prominent biocompound uric acid (UA) at this modified carbon paste electrode (MOFdNC/AuNPs&CPE). X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were used for morphological structure characterization of the obtained nanostructures. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, both in an [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− redox system and uric acid standard solutions, were used for the characterization of material electrocatalytic performances, the selection of optimal electrode modifier, and the estimation of nature and kinetic parameters of the electrode process. Square-wave voltammetry (SWV) was chosen, and the optimal parameters of technique and experimental conditions were established for determining uric acid over MOFdNC/AuNPs&CPE. Together with the development of the sensor, the detection procedure was optimized with the following analytical parameters: linear operating ranges of 0.05 to 1 µM and 1 to 50 µM and a detection limit of 0.011 µM, with outstanding repeatability, reproducibility, and stability of the sensor surface. Anti-interference experiments yielded a stable and nearly unchanged current response with negligible or no change in peak potential. After minor sample pretreatment, the proposed electrode was successfully applied for the quantification of UA in milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructured iron (III) oxide was prepared by a facile hydrothermal method using poly(triazine imide) (PTI) as a sacrificial template. The physicochemical properties of pristine iron oxide and its analogue obtained in the presence of PTI confirmed strong effect of the latter as the morphology improving agent. Moreover, application of nitrogen rich semiconducting polymer during hydrothermal synthesis increased number of defects. The obtained sample was used as an electroactive additive for carbon‐paste electrode. PTI‐modified sample demonstrated 1.52 times higher oxidation current, and 1.39 lower charge transfer resistance compared to hematite obtained without PTI, as was confirmed by CV and EIS data. Therefore, it was proposed to use the as a sensor for the detection of gallic acid. The developed method showed excellent linearity within a concentration range of 67 nM to 17.7 µM with a detection limit equal to 44 nM and limit of quantification of 132 nM. Stablitity and reproducibility tests, as well as real sample analysis confirmed applicability of the proposed sensor for practical application. Excellent electrochemical properties of the submicron hematite particles are attributed to the developed lattice defects, which served as reaction centers and charge transducing points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]