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The aim of this study is to determine the metric stability of the one-month handgrip test (HGT) in order to define the contractile characteristics of the biological variation of maximal isometric strength (Fmax) and maximal isometric rate of force development (RFDmax) of the handgrip in two different testing regimes (classic and impulse). The study was conducted with a total of 16 participants (11 men and 5 women). Testing was performed using an isometric handgrip probe with a standardized test protocol and equipment sports medical solutions (SMS). The results of Fmax showed a low relative standard error of the mean (RS = 1.33 %), a high value of inter-class correlation (ICC = 0.996), and no statistically significant change in trend (p > 0.05) during the testing period. Therefore, can conclude that the HGT procedure in classic mode can be used as a stable parameter in a human subject sample. However, the RFDmax results showed a low RS (2.13 %) and a high ICC value (0.996), but a statistically significant change of trend (p < 0.05) during the measurement period. The regression constant (RCO) trend was 42.629 N/s, which can be attributed to learning or to the adaptive effects of the test procedure, which triggered similar adaptation processes as the training. In general, it can be concluded that the handgrip can be used to sensitively measure the effects of different long-term health improvements, or the effects of different medical/health exercises, rehabilitation programs, effects of medication applications, or dietary supplements for Fmax. However, further research should be conducted for the RFDmax considering the metric stability parameters.

Some indicators which are an integral part of sports training and at the same time are significant for achieving better results in some sports are presented and defined. Special attention was devoted to middle distance running athletic disciplines. The following issues were dealt with special attention to: instruments of body exercises, methods of training load, speed of body movement and creation and maintenance of sports form. On the basis of these characteristics and definitions of some indicators of a function of training, it is possible to achieve better and greater sports results in some sports, as well as in middle distance athletic racing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The way of achieving good athletic results is a very complex procedure which demands dedication to the training process, where is possible to use various kinds of individual and group exercises directly influencing those results. Realisation of certain procedures as particular content of exercising, is anticipated in every sport, thus main characteristics of training of top middle distance runners as well as some of their anthropometric and functional characteristics, are treated in this paper. An analysis of these characteristics is applied on a sample of top athletes, with a special emphasis on the length of warm-up and its structure, as well as a different level of successful results in middle distance running was determined. Final success of results is to a great extent a reflection of a previous way of athletes training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]