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This comprehensive study examines primary production (PP) within the Spitsbergen fjords, Hornsund, and Kongsfjord, over a 25‐year period (1994–2019), across 45 stations and 348 incubation levels at various depths. PP and hydrological parameters were measured at 28 sampling stations in Kongsfjorden and 17 in Hornsund, with the locations of "Glacier," "Inner," and "Outer" zones defined to reflect the varying influence of glacial meltwater. Our study revealed spatial and temporal variability in PP, both at the surface and within the water column with very high depth resolution. The highest PP values were observed in the Glacier and Inner zones of Hornsund, particularly in the water layer up to 3 m depth, exceeding 20 mgC m−3 h−1. A notable decline in PP with increasing depth was observed in both fjords, with the Glacier zones displaying the highest productivity at the surface. The study also highlights the influence of glacial meltwater on surface water conditions, affecting the PP in the upper layers of both fjords. The observed gradient in the depth of maximum PP toward the mouth of the fjord varied between the two fjords, with Kongsjord displaying more dynamic variations. The spatial distribution of integrated primary production (Pi) suggested lower productivity in the glacial regions, likely due to light limitation caused by high concentrations of mineral particulate matter. The values of Pi were considerably higher in Hornsund, approximately twice as high overall, with specific emphasis on the Glacier and Inner zones where Pi values were about 6.5 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, when compared to those observed in Kongsfjord. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents approximate formulas for parameterizing the coefficient of light absorption by phytoplankton aph (λ) in Baltic Sea surface waters. Over a thousand absorption spectra (in the 350-750 nm range), recorded during nine years of research carried out in different months of the year and in various regions of the southern and central Baltic, were used to derive these parameterizations. The analysed empirical material was characterized by a wide range of variability: the total chlorophyll a concentration (Tchla) varied between 0.3 and > 140 mg m-3, the ratio of the sum of all accessory pigment concentrations to chlorophyll a (ΣCi/Tchla) varied between 0.21 and 1.5, and the absorption coefficients aph (λ) at individual light wavelengths varied over almost three orders of magnitude. Different versions of the parameterization formulas were derived on the basis of the data gathered: a one-component parameterization in the "classic" form of a power function with Tchla as the only variable, and a two-component formula - the product of the power and exponential functions, with Tchla and ΣCi/Tchla as variables. There were distinct differences between the general version of the one-component parameterization and its variants developed for individual months of the year. In contrast to the general parameterization, both the monthly and the two-component variants enable, at least partially, the variability of pigment composition occurring throughout the year in the Baltic phytoplankton populations examined here to be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems 12-14 Aprile, 2021- Online 315 Recent developments in oceanographic data and information system for Polish NODC initiative Marcin Wichorowski, Institute of Oceanology PAS (Poland), wichor@iopan.pl Joanna Ston -Egiert, Institute of Oceanology PAS (Poland), aston@iopan.pl Krzysztof Rutkowski, Institute of Oceanology PAS (Poland), kr@iopan.pl Wlodzimierz Krzymin ski, Institute of Oceanology PAS (Poland), wkrzyminski@iopan.pl Michal Piotrowski, MEWO S.A. (Poland), mpiotrowski@mewo.eu Michal Wójcik, ZOO IM UMG (Poland), Michal.Wojcik@im.umg.edu.pl Polish NODC initiative Some of the Polish scientific organizations, among others the Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute, Polish Geological Institute National Research Institute, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, University of Gda'nsk, Gda'nsk University of Technology, Maritime Institute of Maritime University in Gdynia, Pomeranian Academy in Slupsk and University of Szczecin, being involved in marine research for a long time have consolidated their efforts and undertook actions to make Polish oceanographic scientific data resources accessible for public from one national repository recently. V olume of data growth is correlated with sensor technologies development and is expected to growth exponentially in the future, as well as demands for data and number of data requests. The project intends to develop and deploy distributed infrastructure for data management, and providing of FAIR and open access to oceanographic data resources. [Extracted from the article]

Oral presentations 146 Session Services- Marine information and data management SatBaltyk System- modern tool for monitoring and research of the Baltic Sea Miroslawa Ostrowska, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, (Poland) ostra@iopan.pl Joanna Ston '-Egiert, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, (Poland) aston@iopan.pl Agnieszka Zdun, Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, (Poland) zdun@iopan.pl The comprehensive, precise and high quality information on the state of environment should underpin not only scientific analyses, but all decisions regarding the economy, transport, recreation and signing of the international conventions between the countries bordering the Baltic Sea. The SatBaltyk System presents on website maps of spatial distribution of values of almost one hundred features of the Baltic Sea environment including the coastal zone as well as the state and optical properties of the atmosphere. SatBaltyk System-modern tool for monitoring and research of the Baltic Sea. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract: Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs were recently found to constitute a significant portion of the marine microbial community. These bacteria use bacteriochlorophyll-containing reaction centers to perform photoheterotrophic metabolism. A new instrument for routine measurements of both chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll a was used for monitoring anoxygenic phototrophs in the Baltic Sea in late summer 2003. Bacteriochlorophyll a concentration ranged from 8 to 50 ngl−1, with an average bacteriochlorophyll/chlorophyll ratio of 4.2×10−3. Moreover, diel trends in bacteriochlorophyll a signals were observed, with a distinct decline occurring during daylight hours. Based on laboratory measurements this phenomenon was ascribed to the complete inhibition of bacteriochlorophyll synthesis by light, which, in combination with a concurrent turnover of the cells, resulted in a pigment decline. Following this explanation, we postulate that bacteriochlorophyll a can serve as a natural ‘pulse-and-chase’ marker, allowing estimation of the mortality rates of anoxygenic phototrophs from the rates of pigment decline. Based on this assumption, we suggest that the Baltic photoheterotrophic community was characterized by high turnover rates, in a range of 0.7–2 d−1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]