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10. From Soviet Origins to Chuch’e: Marxism-Leninism in the History of North Korean Ideology, 1945-1989

Author

Stock, Thomas

Subjects
History, Asian history, Cold War, Communism, Ideology, Juche, Marxism-Leninism, North Korea
Abstract

Where lie the origins of North Korean ideology? When, why, and to what extent did North Korea eventually pursue a path of ideological independence from Soviet Marxism-Leninism? Scholars typically answer these interrelated questions by referencing Korea’s historical legacies, such as Chosŏn period Confucianism, colonial subjugation, and Kim Il Sung’s guerrilla experience. The result is a rather localized understanding of North Korean ideology and its development, according to which North Korean ideology was rooted in native soil and, on the basis of this indigenousness, inevitably developed in contradistinction to Marxism-Leninism. Drawing on Eastern European archival materials and North Korean theoretical journals, the present study challenges our conventional views about North Korean ideology. Throughout the Cold War, North Korea was possessed by a world spirit, a Marxist-Leninist world spirit. Marxism-Leninism was North Korean ideology’s Promethean clay. From adherence to Soviet ideological leadership in the 1940s and 50s, to declarations of ideological independence in the 1960s, to the emergence of chuch’e philosophy in the 1970s and 80s, North Korea never severed its ties with the Marxist-Leninist tradition. On the contrary, this tradition constituted the basic and most fundamental raw material from which North Korean ideology was shaped and developed. The evolution of North Korean ideology was not predetermined by Korea’s historical legacies. Rather, a convergence of historically immediate domestic and international factors led to the emergence of an independent ideology, an ideology that despite its independence from Soviet ideological suzerainty remained situated within a global Marxist-Leninist intellectual space. Though many scholars have argued otherwise, even chuch’e philosophy, the apex of North Korean ideological particularity during the Cold War, was hardly an idealism and instead quite reminiscent of a good old-fashioned Marxist-Leninist materialism.

Published
2018

22. Evaluation of the use of Diffusive air samplers for determining temporal and spatial variation of volatile organic compounds in the ambient air of urban communities

Author

Stock, Thomas H., Morandi, Maria T., Afshar, Masoud, and Chung, Kuenja C.

Subjects
Volatile organic compounds -- Environmental aspects -- Methods, Health risk assessment -- Methods -- Environmental aspects, Air pollution -- Evaluation -- Methods -- Environmental aspects, Metropolitan areas -- Environmental aspects -- Methods, Environmental services industry, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

ABSTRACT The Houston-Galveston metropolitan area has a relatively high density of point and mobile sources of air toxics, and determining and understanding the relationship between emissions and ambient air concentrations [...]

Published
2008

26. Influence of ambient (outdoor) sources on residential indoor and personal PM2.5 concentrations: Analyses of RIOPA data

Author

Meng, Qing Yu, Turpin, Barbara J, Korn, Leo, Weisel, Clifford P, Morandi, Maria, Colome, Steven, Zhang, Junfeng, Stock, Thomas, Spektor, Dalia, Winer, Arthur, Zhang, Lin, Lee, Jong Hoon, Giovanetti, Robert, Cui, William, Kwon, Jaymin, Alimokhtari, Shahnaz, Shendell, Derek, Jones, Jennifer, Farrar, Corice, and Maberti, Silvia

Published
2005
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34. Evaluation of a passive sampler for volatile organic compounds at ppb concentrations, varying temperatures, and humidities with 24-h exposures: 2. sampler performance

Author

Chung, Chih-Wen, Morandi, Maria T., Stock, Thomas H., and Afshar, Masoud

Subjects
Volatile organic compounds -- Research, Atmospheric research -- Environmental aspects, Air sampling apparatus -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

The performance of an air sampler is evaluated using controlled test atmospheres. The sampler monitors ppb (parts per billion) concentrations in volatile organic compounds in nonoccupational community environments.

Published
1999

35. Evaluation of a passive sampler for volatile organic compounds at ppb concentrations, varying temperatures, and humidities with 24-h exposures: 1. description and characterization of exposure chamber system

Author

Chung, Chih-Wen, Morandi, Maria T, Stock, Thomas H., and Afshar, Masoud

Subjects
Volatile organic compounds -- Research, Air sampling apparatus -- Usage, Environmental issues, Science and technology
Abstract

A dynamic exposure test system, that measures low-level concentrations of volatile organic compounds over a spectrum of environmental conditions, is described.

Published
1999

37. The propagation of fracture in mild steel

Author

Stock, Thomas Adrian Cheetham and Pratt, P. L.

Subjects
669
Abstract

The isochromatic strain patterns on the surfaces of mild steel plates containing moving brittle fractures have been determined by using strain birefringent coating and high speed photographic techniques. The major part of these isochromatic patterns may be described by a formula for the isochromatic pattern near a stationary crack in an elastic medium. The variations from this formula are caused by, shock waves in the specimen, inertia effects due to the high velocity of the crack, and yielding near the crack tip. The inertia effects cause a region of biaxial tension ahead of the crack on the plate surface. A. crack model which predicts the extent of the plastic zone near the crack tip has been proposed. The predictions from this model and other theories are compared with experimental estimates of the plastic zone depth. The results of a microstructural examination of fracture surfaces supported Tipper's (1957) explanation of the mechanism for crack propagation.

Published
1965

46. Probabilistic Fiber Composite Micromechanics

Author

Stock, Thomas A

Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance
Abstract

Probabilistic composite micromechanics methods are developed that simulate expected uncertainties in unidirectional fiber composite properties. These methods are in the form of computational procedures using Monte Carlo simulation. The variables in which uncertainties are accounted for include constituent and void volume ratios, constituent elastic properties and strengths, and fiber misalignment. A graphite/epoxy unidirectional composite (ply) is studied to demonstrate fiber composite material property variations induced by random changes expected at the material micro level. Regression results are presented to show the relative correlation between predictor and response variables in the study. These computational procedures make possible a formal description of anticipated random processes at the intra-ply level, and the related effects of these on composite properties.

Published
1996

47. Development and computer implementation of design/analysis techniques for multilayered composite structures. Probabilistic fiber composite micromechanics

Author

Stock, Thomas A

Subjects
Man/System Technology And Life Support
Abstract

Probabilistic composite micromechanics methods are developed that simulate expected uncertainties in unidirectional fiber composite properties. These methods are in the form of computational procedures using Monte Carlo simulation. The variables in which uncertainties are accounted for include constituent and void volume ratios, constituent elastic properties and strengths, and fiber misalignment. A graphite/epoxy unidirectional composite (ply) is studied to demonstrate fiber composite material property variations induced by random changes expected at the material micro level. Regression results are presented to show the relative correlation between predictor and response variables in the study. These computational procedures make possible a formal description of anticipated random processes at the intraply level, and the related effects of these on composite properties.

Published
1995

48. Additional file 1: of Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of tofacitinib in children with polyarticular course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a phase 1, open-label, multicenter study

Author

Ruperto, Nicolino, Brunner, Hermine, Zuber, Zbigniew, Tzaribachev, Nikolay, Kingsbury, Daniel, Foeldvari, Ivan, Horneff, Gerd, Elzbieta Smolewska, Vehe, Richard, Anasuya Hazra, Wang, Rong, Mebus, Charles, Alvey, Christine, Lamba, Manisha, Sriram Krishnaswami, Stock, Thomas, Wang, Min, Suehiro, Ricardo, Martini, Alberto, and Lovell, Daniel

Abstract

Inclusion criteria for the long-term extension study, dosing scheme, and descriptive summary of plasma tofacitinib pharmacokinetic parameter values by gender. (PDF 39Â kb)

Published
2017
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50. Modified- versus immediate-release tofacitinib in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis patients: a randomized, phase III, non-inferiority study

Author

Tanaka, Yoshiya, primary, Sugiyama, Naonobu, additional, Toyoizumi, Shigeyuki, additional, Lukic, Tatjana, additional, Lamba, Manisha, additional, Zhang, Richard, additional, Chen, Connie, additional, Stock, Thomas, additional, Valdez, Hernan, additional, Mojcik, Christopher, additional, Fan, Haiyun, additional, Deng, Chenhui, additional, and Yuasa, Hirotoshi, additional

Published
2018
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