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9. Potential Protective Effects of Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) against In Vitro Toxicity Induced by Heavy Metals (Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead) on SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.

Author

Mallamaci, Rosanna, Storelli, Maria Maddalena, Barbarossa, Alexia, Messina, Giovanni, Valenzano, Anna, and Meleleo, Daniela

Subjects
*HEAVY metals, *HEAVY metal toxicology, *SPIRULINA, *LEAD, *SPIRULINA platensis, *POISONS
Abstract

Spirulina, a filamentous microalga, is used all over the world as a nutraceutical dietary supplement. Recent studies have focused on examining its chelating activity and antioxidant properties, especially as a candidate for protection against neurotoxicity caused by heavy metals. The MTT test and LDH assay were used to examine the viability of the SH-SY5Y cells for 24, 48, and 72 h, to Cd, Hg, and Pb, individually or in combination with Spirulina, and the effects of necrotic cell death. In comparison to the control group, the viability of SH-SY5Y cells decreased after 24 h of exposure, with Cd being more toxic than Hg and Pb being less lethal. The effects of heavy metal toxicity on cell survival were ranked in order after 72 h under identical experimental circumstances as follows: Hg, Pb, and Cd. The viability of the cells was then tested after being exposed to Spirulina at doses of 5 at 50 (%v/v) for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. SH-SY5Y cells that had been treated with mixtures of heavy metals and Spirulina underwent the same assay. Cell viability is considerably increased by using Spirulina treatments at the prescribed periods and doses. Instead, the same procedure, when applied to SH-SY5Y cells, caused the release of LDH, which is consistent with the reduction in cell viability. We demonstrated for the first time, considering all the available data, that Spirulina 5, 25, and 50 (%v/v) enhanced the number of viable SH-SY5Y cells utilized as a model system for brain cells. Overall, the data from the present study provide a first insight into the promising positive role of Spirulina against the potentially toxic effects of metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Mercury in fish: concentration versus fish-size and estimates intake dose

Author

Storelli, Maria Maddalena, Barone, Grazia, Piscitelli, Gaetano, Marcotrigiano, Giuseppe, farmaco-biologico, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Zoologia, Universita degli studi di Teramo - University of Teramo [Italie] (UNITE), Farmaco-Biologico, and Università degli Studi di Bari Fac. Med. Vet.

Subjects
Life Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Total mercury concentrations were determined in different fish size classes of commercial importance such as, conger eel (Conger conger), starry ray (Raja asterias), forkbeard (Phycis blennoides), frostfish (Lepidopus caudatus), striped mullet (Mullus barbatus), red gurnard (Aspitrigla cuculus) and yellow gurnard (Trigla lucerna) in order to evaluate eventual variations in consumer exposure to mercury as a function of fish consumption of different size spectra. The highest mean levels of total mercury were detected in conger eel (0.80 μg g-1) and in starry ray (0.75 μg g-1). Forkbeard (0.67 μ g g-1), frostfish (0.59 gμ g-1) and striped mullet (0.55 μg g-1) showed slightly lower levels, while red gurnard (0.33 μg g-1) and yellow gurnard (0.22 μg g-1) exhibited the lowest concentrations. The results of the linear regression analysis showed significant relationship between mercury concentrations and fish size for all species. Consequently, dietary consumption of larger size specimens leaded to an increase in the exposure level for consumer. Understanding by consumers of all factors leading to an increase of exposure to mercury is the first step to address them to make decisions about eating fish.

Published
2007
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