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29 results on '"Strahsburger, Erwin"'

2. Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components

Author

Hernandez-Davies, Jenny E, Felgner, Jiin, Strohmeier, Shirin, Pone, Egest James, Jain, Aarti, Jan, Sharon, Nakajima, Rie, Jasinskas, Algimantas, Strahsburger, Erwin, Krammer, Florian, Felgner, Philip L, and Davies, D Huw

Subjects
Biotechnology, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Influenza, Immunization, Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Pneumonia & Influenza, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, 3.4 Vaccines, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Animals, Antibodies, Viral, Antigens, Viral, CpG Islands, Dogs, Female, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus, Hemagglutinins, Influenza A virus, Influenza Vaccines, Lipid A, Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Squalene, Vaccines, Combined, Vaccines, Synthetic, vaccine, influenza, adjuvant, CpG, MPLA, ADDAVAX(R), hemagglutinin, ADDAVAX®, Immunology, Medical Microbiology
Abstract

Combining variant antigens into a multivalent vaccine is a traditional approach used to provide broad coverage against antigenically variable pathogens, such as polio, human papilloma and influenza viruses. However, strategies for increasing the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine are not well understood, but may provide more anticipatory protection. Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a prototypic variant antigen. Vaccines that induce HA-specific neutralizing antibodies lose efficacy as amino acid substitutions accumulate in neutralizing epitopes during influenza virus evolution. Here we studied the effect of a potent combination adjuvant (CpG/MPLA/squalene-in-water emulsion) on the breadth and maturation of the antibody response to a representative variant of HA subtypes H1, H5 and H7. Using HA protein microarrays and antigen-specific B cell labelling, we show when administered individually, each HA elicits a cross-reactive antibody profile for multiple variants within the same subtype and other closely-related subtypes (homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, respectively). Despite a capacity for each subtype to induce heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, broader coverage was elicited by simply combining the subtypes into a multivalent vaccine. Importantly, multiplexing did not compromise antibody avidity or affinity maturation to the individual HA constituents. The use of adjuvants to increase the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine antigens may help future-proof vaccines against newly-emerging variants.

Published
2021

4. Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus safensis RP10, Isolated from Soil in the Atacama Desert, Chile

Author

Strahsburger, Erwin, Zapata, Felipe, Pedroso, Inti, Fuentes, Derie, Tapia, Paz, Ponce, Raul, McClelland, Michael, and Valdes, Jorge

Subjects
Genetics, Human Genome
Abstract

Genome analysis of Bacillus safensis RP10, a strain from the soil of Atacama Desert in northern Chile, reflects a bacterium adapted to live in soil containing high levels of heavy metals, high salt conditions, and low carbon and energy sources.

Published
2019

5. Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes.

Author

Khan, Saahir, Jain, Aarti, Taghavian, Omid, Nakajima, Rie, Jasinskas, Algis, Supnet, Medalyn, Felgner, Jiin, Davies, Jenny, de Assis, Rafael, Jan, Sharon, Obiero, Joshua, Strahsburger, Erwin, Pone, Egest, Liang, Li, Davies, David, and Felgner, Philip

Subjects
Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Antigens, Viral, Cohort Studies, Cross Reactions, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus, Humans, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human, Neuraminidase, Prospective Studies, Protein Array Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Viral Proteins
Abstract

The influenza virus remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide due to the limited effectiveness of currently available vaccines. A key challenge to the development of universal influenza vaccines is high antigenic diversity resulting from antigenic drift. Overcoming this challenge requires novel research tools to measure the breadth of serum antibodies directed against many virus strains across different antigenic subtypes. Here, we present a protocol for analyzing the breadth of serum antibodies against diverse influenza virus strains using a protein microarray of influenza antigens. This influenza antigen microarray is constructed by printing purified hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens onto a nitrocellulose-coated membrane using a microarray printer. Human sera are incubated on the microarray to bind antibodies against the influenza antigens. Quantum-dot-conjugated secondary antibodies are used to simultaneously detect IgG and IgA antibodies binding to each antigen on the microarray. Quantitative antibody binding is measured as fluorescence intensity using a portable imager. Representative results are shown to demonstrate assay reproducibility in measuring subtype-specific and cross-reactive influenza antibodies in human sera. Compared to traditional methods such as ELISA, the influenza antigen microarray provides a high throughput multiplexed approach capable of testing hundreds of sera for multiple antibody isotypes against hundreds of antigens in a short time frame, and thus has applications in sero-surveillance and vaccine development. A limitation is the inability to distinguish binding antibodies from neutralizing antibodies.

Published
2019

10. Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components

Author

Hernandez-Davies, Jenny E., primary, Felgner, Jiin, additional, Strohmeier, Shirin, additional, Pone, Egest James, additional, Jain, Aarti, additional, Jan, Sharon, additional, Nakajima, Rie, additional, Jasinskas, Algimantas, additional, Strahsburger, Erwin, additional, Krammer, Florian, additional, Felgner, Philip L., additional, and Davies, D. Huw, additional

Published
2021
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11. El manejo en la crianza de cabra en zonas áridas y desérticas: un enfoque técnico para producir leche de alta calidad durante todo el año

Author

Scopinich Cisternas, Juan, Strahsburger, Erwin, Scopinich Cisternas, Juan, and Strahsburger, Erwin

Abstract

The maximum milk yield of dairy goats depends of its genetics and managements procedures. If dairy goats come from Template or Mediterranean weather and are introduced in a similar environment, their managements seem not so relevant, being highly productive even including the grazing goats. Meanwhile, if these dairy goats are introduced in a desert and arid zones, probably they will be not well adapted to this new environment and their milk production will be more dependents of their management procedures. Therefore, considering a desert zones as a general stress factor in goat farming, in this review we analyzed and discuss diverse managements procedures related with goat milk production, like control of mating season, prolificacy, length of lactation period and maturity of doe at time of first lactation, to suggest a general managements procedures of goat farming to produce goat milk with economic interest. Following the present managements proposal, would be possible to produce high quality goat milk during all the year and if goat type is well adapted to arid or desert zones, the goat rancher will obtain economic earns from this activity, La máxima producción de leche en cabras lecheras depende de su genética y de los procedimientos de manejo. Si la cabra lechera proviene de un clima templado o mediterráneo y son introducidas en un ambiente similar, su manejo parece ser no tan relevante, siendo altamente productivas incluso las cabras de pastoreo. Mientras que si estas cabras lecheras son incorporadas en zonas áridas o desérticas, probablemente ellas no se adaptarán bien a este nuevo ambiente, y su producción lechera sería más dependiente de sus procedimientos de manejo. Por lo tanto, considerando una zona desértica como un factor de estrés general en la ganadería caprina, en esta revisión analizamos y discutimos diversos procedimientos de manejo relacionados con la producción de leche de cabra como el control del periodo de apareamiento, la prolificidad, la duración del período de lactancia y la madurez de la hembra al momento de la primera lactancia, para sugerir un procedimiento de manejo general en la ganadería caprina para producir leche de cabra con un interés económico. Si se siguen estas propuestas de manejo, sería posible producir leche de cabra de alta calidad durante todo el año, y si el tipo de cabra está bien adaptado a las zonas áridas y desérticas, el ganadero caprino obtendrá ganancias económicas con esta actividad.

Published
2020

14. Goat Type Selection and Molecular Markers; a Solution for Milk Production in Recently Desertified Zones

Author

Strahsburger, Erwin and Scopinich, Juan

Subjects
Technology & Engineering / Agriculture
Abstract

Goat farming has been severely affected by Desertification, limiting their water and food resources and inducing physiological heat stress that reduces the doe milk yield. Does well adapted to heat stress would be a possible solution, but creole or indigenous goats from desert or arid areas produce between 0.5 to 1.5 L of milk per day, which is lower than the 3 L of milk per day produced by dairy goats like the Saanen breed. Nevertheless, in this chapter, we will discuss the disadvantages of introducing common dairy goats in dry places. Instead, we propose the introduction of desert goats from the Middle East or India, because they produce high-quality milk with low feed intake, making a profitable goat farming activity, and an opportunity to include crossbreeding strategies to improve the herd milk yield. Creole goats, on other hand, has been an underestimated livestock animal with a rich and unveil genetic patrimony that migth improve the herd milk yield. The effect of improved diets and extensive husbandry conditions remains unexplored in desert creole goats, and the use of advanced knowledge in goat genomics, genetic expression, and a wide variety of molecular markers can improve the studies on creole goats for crossbreeding strategies identifying the best traits involved in high-quality milk production and adaptation to dry environments. In this way, the synergy between goat type selection and molecular markers should boost goat farming in recently new desert or arid zones, counteracting the detrimental effects produced by the desertification.

Published
2019

17. Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes

Author

Khan, Saahir, primary, Jain, Aarti, primary, Taghavian, Omid, primary, Nakajima, Rie, primary, Jasinskas, Algis, primary, Supnet, Medalyn, primary, Felgner, Jiin, primary, Davies, Jenny, primary, de Assis, Rafael Ramiro, primary, Jan, Sharon, primary, Obiero, Joshua, primary, Strahsburger, Erwin, primary, Pone, Egest J., primary, Liang, Li, primary, Davies, D. Huw, primary, and Felgner, Philip L., primary

Published
2019
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25. Draft genome sequence of Exiguobacterium aurantiacumstrain PN47 isolate from saline ponds, known as “Salar del Huasco”, located in the Altiplano in the North of Chile

Author

Strahsburger, Erwin, Zapata, Felipe, Pedroso, Inti, Fuentes, Derie, Tapia, Paz, Ponce, Raul, and Valdes, Jorge

Abstract

In this report, we present a draft genome of 2,886,173bp of an Exiguobacterium aurantiacumstrain PN47 isolate from the sediment of a saline pond named “Salar del Huasco” in the Altiplano in the North of Chile. Strain PN47 encodes adaptive characteristics enabling survival in extreme environmental conditions of high heavy metal and salt concentrations and high alkalinity.

Published
2018
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26. Genomic and Functional Analyses of the 2-Aminophenol Catabolic Pathway and Partial Conversion of Its Substrate into Picolinic Acid in Burkholderia xenovorans LB400.

Author

Chirino, Bernardita, Strahsburger, Erwin, Agulló, Loreine, González, Myriam, and Seeger, Michael

Subjects
*AMINOPHENOLS, *PICOLINIC acid, *BURKHOLDERIA, *ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology, *METABOLISM, *BIOCHEMICAL substrates, *BIOCONVERSION
Abstract

2-aminophenol (2-AP) is a toxic nitrogen-containing aromatic pollutant. Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 possess an amn gene cluster that encodes the 2-AP catabolic pathway. In this report, the functionality of the 2-aminophenol pathway of B. xenovorans strain LB400 was analyzed. The amnRJBACDFEHG cluster located at chromosome 1 encodes the enzymes for the degradation of 2-aminophenol. The absence of habA and habB genes in LB400 genome correlates with its no growth on nitrobenzene. RT-PCR analyses in strain LB400 showed the co-expression of amnJB, amnBAC, amnACD, amnDFE and amnEHG genes, suggesting that the amn cluster is an operon. RT-qPCR showed that the amnB gene expression was highly induced by 2-AP, whereas a basal constitutive expression was observed in glucose, indicating that these amn genes are regulated. We propose that the predicted MarR-type transcriptional regulator encoded by the amnR gene acts as repressor of the amn gene cluster using a MarR-type regulatory binding sequence. This report showed that LB400 resting cells degrade completely 2-AP. The amn gene cluster from strain LB400 is highly identical to the amn gene cluster from P. knackmussi strain B13, which could not grow on 2-AP. However, we demonstrate that B. xenovorans LB400 is able to grow using 2-AP as sole nitrogen source and glucose as sole carbon source. An amnBA− mutant of strain LB400 was unable to grow with 2-AP as nitrogen source and glucose as carbon source and to degrade 2-AP. This study showed that during LB400 growth on 2-AP this substrate was partially converted into picolinic acid (PA), a well-known antibiotic. The addition of PA at lag or mid-exponential phase inhibited LB400 growth. The MIC of PA for strain LB400 is 2 mM. Overall, these results demonstrate that B. xenovorans strain LB400 posses a functional 2-AP catabolic central pathway, which could lead to the production of picolinic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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27. In vivo assay to identify bacteria with β-glucosidase activity

Author

Erwin Strahsburger, Bruno Biavati, Diana DiGioia, Ilaria Marotti, Giovanni Dinelli, Ana Maria Lopez de Lacey, Università di Bologna, European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Strahsburger, Erwin, de Lacey, Ana Maria Lopez, Marotti, Ilaria, Digioia, Diana, Biavati, Bruno, and Dinelli, Giovanni

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Bifidobacterium longum, Lysis, Cell lysis, lcsh:Biotechnology, 030106 microbiology, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Cell lysi, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, Beta-Glucosidase producer strain, p-Nitrophenol, In vivo, Lactobacillus, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Beta-Glucosidase assay, β-Glucosidase producer strain, lcsh:QH301-705.5, p-Nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranoside, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillu, biology, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, p-Nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranoside, Biochemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), Enzymatic test, Cell disruption, β-Glucosidase assay, Screening, Antimicrobial, Bacteria, Biotechnology
Abstract

[Background]: β-Glucosidase assay is performed with purified or semipurified enzymes extracted from cell lysis. However, in screening studies, to find bacteria with β-glucosidase activity among many tested bacteria, a fast method without cell lysis is desirable. In that objective, we report an in vivo β-glucosidase assay as a fast method to find a β-glucosidase producer strain. [Results]: The method consists in growing the strains for testing in a medium supplemented with the artificial substrate p-nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranoside (pNPG). The presence of β-glucosidases converts the substrate to p-nitrophenol (pNP), a molecule that can be easily measured in the supernatant spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. The assay was evaluated using two Bifidobacterium strains: Bifidobacterium longum B7254 strain that lacks β-glucosidase activity and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum B7003 strain that shows β-glucosidase activity. The addition of sodium carbonate during pNP measurement increases the sensitivity of pNP detection and avoids the masking of absorbance by the culture medium. Furthermore, we show that pNP is a stable enzymatic product, not metabolized by bacteria, but with an inhibitory effect on cell growth. The β-glucosidase activity was measured as units of enzyme per gram per minute per dry cell weight. This method also allowed the identification of Lactobacillus strains with higher β-glucosidase activity among several lactobacillus species. [Conclusion]: This in vivo β-glucosidase assay can be used as an enzymatic test on living cells without cell disruption. The method is simple, quantitative, and recommended, especially in studies screening for bacteria not only with β-glucosidase activity but also with high β-glucosidase activity., The study was funded by the University of Bologna, RFO Program number J61J10000790001. Erwin Strahsburger received a scholarship within the Erasmus Mundus Program. Ana M. Lopez de Lacey received a fellowship within the JAE-CSIC predoctoral Programme. The study was also financially funded by the Universidad Arturo Prat, internal projects number VRIIP0218-15 and VRIIP01-14.

Published
2017

28. Comparación a nivel piloto del tratamiento de un ril con lodo activado tradicional respecto a un lodo activado híbrido

Author

Lira Zuñiga, Sebastián Andrés., Droppelmann, Verónica, Contreras, Sara, Strahsburger, Erwin, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, and Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental

Subjects
Desechos Orgánicos
Abstract

Tesis (Magíster en Gestión Ambiental, Ingeniero Ambiental) En este trabajo se comparó a nivel piloto dos sistemas de lodo activado, uno operando en forma tradicional (LA) y otro en forma híbrida (LAH), en lo que respecta a la producción de lodo y el requerimiento de oxígeno, usando bajos F/M y tratando un ril proveniente de una conservera de alcachofas. El LAH, reúne las mismas características que un LA más la adición de biomasa fija adherida a unos medios de soportes (IF AS) insertados en el tanque aireado. Distintos autores han mencionado ventajas del LAH, relacionadas con la remoción de DBO5 y la calidad del lodo. No obstante, existe información escasa y poco clara respecto al requerimiento de oxígeno y la producción de lodo, parámetros muy importantes si se consideran los costos por el suministro y la disposición final y/o tratamiento respectivamente. Los microorganismos adheridos del LAH, presentan un mayor tiempo de residencia lo que aumentaría la respiración endógena. Como es sabido, a mayor respiración endógena la producción de lodo es menor y el consumo de oxígeno aumenta. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que no hubo diferencia estadística en el porcentaje de volátiles en los lodos ni en la remoción de DBO5 durante la operación de los dos sistemas. Si hubo diferencia estadística entre los valores de IVL (Índice Volumétrico del Lodo), registrándose valores menores en el LAH.

Published
2008

29. Implementación de la técnica de biología molecular PCR múltiple para la detección de mycoplasma pneumoniae y chlamydia pneumoniae como método de apoyo diagnóstico en pacientes pediátricos con infecciones respiratorias agudas

Author

Bravo Castro, Paulina, Cuadros Villarroel, Caroll, Gárate Oyarce, Cynthia, Ojeda Ramos, Paula, Strahsburger, Erwin, Jensen, Werner, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, and Escuela de Tecnología Médica

Subjects
Enfermedades Respiratorias, Lactancia y Niñez, Infecciones del Tracto Respiratorio, Chile
Abstract

Tesis (Tecnólogo Médico) Las Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas (IRA) representan un problema de gran relevancia epidemiológica en los niños, siendo el principal motivo de consulta pediátrica en la atención primaria y en servicios de urgencia. Además, constituye la tercera causa de mortalidad infantil en nuestro país. Con respecto a su etiología, los virus son la causa más frecuente seguido por bacterias tales como Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes entre otros. Existe otro grupo de bacterias conocidas como atípicas tales como: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae y Legionella pneumophila que también causan IRA, pero con menor frecuencia. Estudios epidemiológicos recientes muestran que estos patógenos atípicos han aumentado su incidencia en enfermedades respiratorias agudas, dificultando el manejo clínico de los pacientes debido a que se entrecruzan signos y síntomas con las infecciones virales, obligando frecuentemente al médico a utilizar antimicrobianos de forma innecesaria. Por ello, la detección oportuna de M. pneumoniae y C. pneumoniae, permite confirmar el diagnóstico clínico y ofrecer un tratamiento específico y eficaz para el paciente, adicionalmente permite dar a conocer al clínico su impacto epidemiológico.

Published
2008

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