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Effectively responding to children's noncompliance and/or temper tantrums can be challenging for parents. It is even more challenging in the context of parents' own need to regulate their emotions. Recent reviews emphasized the role of parents' emotion regulation abilities in children's mental health. The present study aims to investigate two sequential mediation models of the relationship between authoritarian parenting style, parental practices, and children's externalizing problems, by examining the mediating role of rational/irrational parental beliefs regarding child noncompliance, parental emotion regulation strategies, and parental distress. Participants (N = 238) are parents of children (ages 2-8) identified as having elevated levels of noncompliance and/or temper tantrum behaviors. We examined the two sequential mediation models via path analyses. Authoritarian parenting style was significantly and positively associated with parental irrational beliefs, parental emotion regulation difficulties, parental distress, harsh and inconsistent parental practices, and children's externalizing problems. Our results support both models of mediation, with the model investigating the link between authoritarian parenting style and parental practices indicating a better fit. This study offers a better understanding of the emotional and cognitive parental mechanisms involved in children's externalizing problems and the use of parenting practices. Implications of the findings are discussed considering the development of innovative and focused parental interventions for targeting specific interpersonal, emotional and cognitive mechanisms in the case of parents who deal with children's noncompliance and/or temper tantrum behaviors., Author(s): Georgiana Maria Roòca [sup.1] , Ioana Alexandra Iuga [sup.1] [sup.3] , Oana Alexandra David [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/02rmd1t30, grid.7399.4, 0000 0004 1937 1397, Evidence-Based Psychological Assessment and [...]

In this review, we discuss the relationship between childhood trauma, early-life stress, and substance use, abuse, and addiction. We further provide theories and neural studies to explain this relationship as well as potential treatment strategies for alcohol and drug abuse and addiction based on understanding types of early-life stressors that lead to both drug use and relapse., Author(s): Ahmed A. Moustafa [sup.1] [sup.2] , Denise Parkes [sup.1] , Louise Fitzgerald [sup.1] , Dylan Underhill [sup.1] , Julia Garami [sup.1] , Einat Levy-Gigi [sup.3] [sup.4] , Filip Stramecki [...]

Adverse childhood events can influence the development of emotional and physiological self-regulatory abilities, with significant consequences for vulnerability to psychological and physical illness. This study evaluated stress sensitization and inoculation models of the impact of early parental death on stress exposure and reactivity in late adolescence/young adulthood. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and diary reports of minor stress were collected every 30 min during waking hours over a 24-hr period from 91 late adolescents/young adults (43 early bereaved, 48 nonbereaved). Across the sample, minor stressors were associated with elevated BP and negative affect. The bereaved group had lower BP than did the nonbereaved group. Within the bereaved group, higher perceived caring from the surviving parent was associated with fewer reports of minor stress and lower stress-related negative affect. Higher perceived parental caring during childhood was associated with lower BP across the sample and more frequent hassles in the nonbereaved group. Findings support both the stress inoculation and sensitization models, suggesting that childhood parental loss and parental caring exert important influences on children's development of stress sensitivity. Keywords: bereavement, blood pressure, stress inoculation, parental caring

A new study in Pediatrics by Gary Evans, the Elizabeth Lee Vincent Professor in the departments of Human Development and of Design and Environmental Analysis, suggested that ongoing stress makes [...]