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Flue gas desulfurization facilities produce flue gas desulfurization ash (FGDA), which has ecological and economic benefits. In this article, we explored the possibility and impact of using FGDA as the sole reinforcing filler to mechanically improve epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The influence on the properties of the composites was examined. FGDA exhibits good interfacial interaction and compatibility with ENR, which improves the mechanical properties of ENR. When 15 phr FGDA was added, the tensile strength of the composites increased by approximately 41.4% compared with that of pure ENR. This work demonstrates the possibility of using FGDA as an effective and sole reinforcing material to enhance the properties of rubber materials. Highlights * FGDA improves the mechanical properties of ENR as a sole reinforcing filler. * FGDA reacts with ENR during vulcanization, enhancing compatibility. * Adding 15 phr FGDA to ENR increases the tensile strength by 41.4%. KEYWORDS composites, mechanical properties, rubber, vulcanization, 1 | INTRODUCTION Flue gas desulfurization ash (FGDA) is a substance created during the semidry desulfurization process, which involves using Ca[(OH).sub.2] to react with S[O.sub.2] generated from fossil fuel combustion [...]

Mn–Ce–VOx/TiO2 (MnCeVTi), Mn–CeOx/TiO2 (MnCeTi) and Mn–VOx/TiO2 (MnVTi) nanocomposites as SCR DeNOx catalysts were synthesized by a modified sol–gel method. All catalysts shows high NOx conversion of over 90% at low temperature between 125 and 200 °C with GHSV of 30,000 h−1. MnCeVTi catalyst demonstrates the highest NOx conversion and produces the least byproduct N2O at 110–310 °C. The co-presence of Ce, V and Mn inhibits the growth of rutile, decreases crystallinity of anatase TiO2 and manganese oxides, reduces grain size, increases BET specific surface area and pore volume. There are most chemisorbed oxygen, appropriate Mn3+/Mn4+ and the synergistic effect of Ce and V on MnCeVTi sample. The acid sites on MnCeVTi are most below 280 °C and in widest temperature range. Lewis acid sites play a leading role in SCR reaction on MnCeVTi catalyst. These helps to optimize the SCR catalytic performance of MnCeVTi, on which E-R and L–H mechanism may coexist in the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CaSO3*0.5H2O content in CFB-FGD ash is more than 60%, leading to the different effect on the performance of cement compared to gypsum. The comparative study shows that the CFB-FGD ash with proper dosage is equivalent to gypsum on the setting time and the compressive strength of cement, but may lead to a significant decrease in the compressive strength with the excess amount, and the performance can be improved if combined with an appropriate amount of gypsum simultaneously. There have no obvious adverse effects upon the compatibility between the cement and the water reducing agent, and the bulk stability of cement in the application of the CFB-FGD ash with increasing content. The hydration product of C3A is C3A* CaSO3* 11H2O in the presence of CaSO3• 0.5H2O which is similar to AFm in chemical structure and in morphology of sheet form. The hydration of C3A with CaSO3*0.5H2O than CaSO4* 2H2O produces a larger amount of sheet-like AFm, other than columnar, needle-like AFt, which results in the different impact on the cement as mentioned earlier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial V2O5–WO3/TiO2 (abbreviated to VWTi) SCR catalysts are modified with Ce and different contents of Cu in wet impregnation method to improve their alkali metals resistance, which is beneficial for prolonging their service life. After K poisoning, NOx conversion of VWCeCuTi sample modified with 0.30% Ce and 0.05% Cu is 89% at 350 °C, which is obviously higher than that of VWTi with a 50% NOx conversion. A series of characterization tests were conducted and verified that the ratio of V5+ and the surface-active oxygen on VWCeCuTi sample increases due to the interaction between V, Ce and Cu. Additionally, with the addition of Ce and Cu, surface acid sites are increased and their stability is strengthened. The enhanced redox property and surface acidity contribute together to the excellent K resistance of VWCeCuTi catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feasibility of using desulfurization ash generated from CFB+CFB-FGD process as cement admixture was studied. The effects of dry and wet ball mill on the fineness, compositions and activity of the desulfurization ash were also evaluated. The results show that the wet mill is more effective to the fineness of the desulfurization ash. After grinding for 90 minutes, the median particle size is about 3µm. The grinding has little effect on the composition of the desulfurization ash; grinding can effectively improve the activity of the desulfurization ash and achieve ultra-fine desulfurization ash to replace the 20% Portland cement mortar. The early strength is equivalent to the control formula. After 28 days, the strength of the mortar is better than the control formula. The cement concrete strength exceeds the control formula after 7 days, and reaches 120% of the strength of the control formula after 28 days. Grinding has little effect on the dimensional stability of the mortar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of nonthermal plasma (NTP) on the selective catalytic reduction of NO by CH (CH-SCR) over Co-In/zeolites were investigated in the presence of SO and HO at low temperatures (