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Steven Ridwan, Ali Budi Harsono, Dodi Suardi, Andi Kurniadi, Kemala Isnainiasih Mantilidewi, Yudi Mulyana Hidayat Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran–Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Kemala Isnainiasih Mantilidewi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran–Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, Jl. Pasteur 38, Bandung, West Java, 40161, Indonesia, Email kemala.i.mantilidewi@unpad.ac.idBackground: Clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC) is a type of epithelial ovarian cancer, representing 5– 11% of ovarian cancers. CCOCs tend to occur in the fifth to seventh decades of life, with only 10% of cases occurring in the fourth decade. On the other side, papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common histology type of thyroid carcinoma and is associated with locoregional spread. Herein, we present a rare case of double-primer ovarian and thyroid cancer, which is a clear cell ovarian carcinoma metachronous with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Case Report: A 47-year-old nulliparous woman presented to our Gynecology Oncology facility with an abdominal mass that had progressively increased in size over the last three months. She had a history of papillary thyroid cancer ten years previously and was treated with radioiodine (I-131). Physical examination revealed an immobile abdominal cystic mass measuring 20 × 18 × 15 cm. Ultrasound imaging revealed a cystic mass with a solid part, measured 16.1 × 10.9 × 12.84 cm, with M4 feature of the IOTA simple rule. CA-125 tumor marker levels were 190.1 U/mL. Ovarian cancer was suspected, and surgical staging with total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, frozen sectioning, and adhesiolysis was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a clear cell ovarian carcinoma.Discussion: Papillary thyroid carcinoma tends to be a locoregional metastasis, whereas distant metastases are rare. Distant metastasis often occurs decades after the primary tumor, with the most common metastatic sites being the lungs and bones. This raises an important clinical question concerning the etiology of the ovarian carcinoma: whether it represents a metastasis from the pre-existing thyroid carcinoma or a distinct primary neoplasm. Determining the precise relationship between these malignancies is crucial for guiding treatment strategies and understanding the biological behavior of the tumors involved. In this case, clear cell ovarian carcinoma arose separately from papillary thyroid carcinoma.Conclusion: Double primer cancer of the ovary and thyroid, which is a clear cell ovarian carcinoma metachronous with papillary thyroid carcinoma, is possible.Keywords: ovarian cancer, thyroid cancer, metachronous

The Pinisi is a traditional Indonesian ship recognized as a maritime cultural masterpiece and remains widely utilized, particularly in liveaboard tourism. The increasing demand for sustainable and innovative energy solutions in the tourism and maritime industries highlights the relevance of adopting solar cells as an alternative energy source for lighting on these ships. Solar cells, primarily made from silicon, efficiently convert solar radiation into electrical energy. This study evaluates the feasibility of using solar cells to power lighting systems on Pinisi ships operating in the Selayar Islands. Solar radiation data from NASA Surface Meteorology was utilized to estimate the optimal power output of solar modules. The analysis indicates that 10 solar cell modules can generate an energy output of 19.480 kWh, sufficient to meet the ship's lighting requirements. Configurations were optimized for different decks, ensuring efficient energy distribution while maintaining sustainability. The findings demonstrate that implementing solar cells on Pinisi ships not only fulfills their energy needs but also supports the maritime tourism industry by providing an eco-friendly and innovative energy solution. This approach contributes to the preservation of maritime heritage while addressing contemporary environmental challenges. Keywords: Pinisi ship, solar cells, energy conversion, maritime tourism innovation

Vidiatma Agbari,1,* Yudi Mulyana Hidayat,1,* Andi Kurniadi,1,* Siti Salima,1,* Ali B Harsono,1 Dodi Suardi,1 Hariadi Yuseran,2 Desy Lisnasari3 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin Regional General Hospital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimatan, Indonesia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Ahmad Yani University, Cimahi, West Java, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Vidiatma Agbari, Email vidiatma22001@mail.unpad.ac.idBackground: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) has a high incidence in Bandung, Indonesia, with a mortality rate between 31% and 51%. The most common type is low-risk GTN with various treatment protocols available. The 8-day Methotrexate (MTX) 50 mg protocol has been implemented at our center; however, due to limitation of government insurance, this study aims to compare its effectiveness against the 1-day Methotrexate (MTX) 300 mg/m² protocol.Methods: A retrospective cohort study compared two protocols for low-risk GTN treatment at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023: a 1-day Methotrexate (MTX) 300 mg/m² protocol and an 8-day MTX protocol (50 mg MTX IM on days 1, 3, 5, 7 with folinic acid 15 mg orally 24 h after MTX on days 2, 4, 6, 8) and repeat every 2 weeks. Data on patient characteristics, chemotherapy response, side effects, and treatment costs were analyzed.Results: The 1-day MTX 300 mg/m² protocol achieved similar remission with fewer cycles, milder side effects, and reduced costs compared to the 8-day MTX 50 mg protocol, supporting it as an effective treatment option for low-risk GTN.Conclusion: The 1-day MTX 300 mg/m² protocol is as an effective treatment option for low-risk GTN compared to the 8-day MTX 50 mg protocol.Keywords: gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, low risk, chemotherapy, methotrexate

Nutmeg has been one of the oldest domestically and globally traded spices. This study aims to explore its competitiveness in the global market and examine factors increasing this competitiveness to provide potential policy recommendations for Indonesia’s nutmeg export improvement. Based on the analysis of competitiveness indicators, Indonesia’s export-oriented nutmeg undergoes declining productivity, low export prices, and stagnant progress of export competitiveness compared to other producing and exporting countries. From the results of panel data estimations, human resource endowment is the most influencing factor in boosting export competitiveness of nutmeg. Consumer Price Index, Foreign Direct Investment and agricultural shares in total gross domestic product have a positive link with export competitiveness. Logistics performance for international trade is also a potential driver for competitiveness. These findings imply that policies towards high export competitiveness of the nutmeg should be tailored to improving the productivity of the product standardising global trade procedures, advancing the quality of economic outcomes, and strengthening logistics infrastructure and management.

This study examines the impact of the Picture and Picture learning model on student engagement and academic performance in Social Studies among Grade IV students at SD Inpres Paccinongan, Gowa Regency. Low student engagement in the learning process and suboptimal academic performance are key issues faced in primary education. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group methodology. The study population consisted of Grade IV students from two classes, with a total sample of 48 students selected using random sampling techniques. Data were collected through observations and tests, then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results indicated that the Picture and Picture learning model had a significant positive effect on student engagement and academic performance. The significance values for student activity (p = 0.040) and learning outcomes (p = 0.016) were both below the standard alpha level of 0.05, indicating the effectiveness of this model in enhancing student engagement and their academic results. These findings provide evidence that the application of a visual-based learning model, such as Picture and Picture, can be an effective solution to address low student engagement and learning outcomes in Social Studies education at the primary school level. The adoption of this learning paradigm is recommended to be expanded in Social Studies education at primary schools to improve the overall quality of education and academic performance of students.

The low learning outcomes of students are the main problem studied in this article This study employs a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group model to assess the impact of implementing the Challenge Based Learning (CBL) model supported by Card Match Circle media on Pancasila Education learning outcomes. The study population consists of fifth-grade students at SD Inpres Karuwisi 2 Makassar, divided into two groups: the experimental group (class VA) and the control group (class VC), each comprising 24 students. Data collection was carried out through tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets at the beginning and end of the research period. The analysis results indicate that the implementation of the CBL model with Card Match Circle media significantly improved students' learning outcomes compared to conventional teaching methods, with the experimental group's average posttest score (80.37) being higher than the control group's (72.41). Statistical analysis confirms that this model is effective in enhancing material comprehension, as well as students' collaboration and communication skills. These findings align with previous studies showing that the CBL approach with interactive media can create a more engaging and relevant learning experience, motivating students to be more actively involved in their education.

Pelatihan pemisahan ayam Parent Stock pada fase meratakan bobot merupakan langkah penting dalam manajemen peternakan unggas untuk memastikan keseragaman bobot ayam, yang berpengaruh langsung pada produktivitas dan kualitas hasil produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelatihan yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) di PT. Satwa Indo Perkasa. Pelatihan ini melibatkan 5 mahasiswa dan berlangsung selama empat bulan, mencakup teori dan praktik langsung di lapangan. Pelatihan ini melibatkan tiga tahapan: pengumpulan ayam, penimbangan, dan pemisahan, dengan tujuan meratakan timbangan anakan ayam fase grower. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam keterampilan teknis mahasiswa, dengan 85% peserta pelatihan mampu melakukan pemisahan ayam sesuai standar setelah pelatihan, dibandingkan dengan hanya 30% sebelum pelatihan. Selain itu, pelatihan ini berhasil meningkatkan keseragaman bobot ayam Parent Stock, dengan penurunan koefisien variasi dari 15% menjadi 8%.

The Independent Curriculum was inaugurated by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) in February 2022. It was determined that there are several things that must be prepared before learning, after that implementing independent curriculum learning, implementing learning differentiation and assessment. This research aims to determine and describe the planning, implementation and evaluation in implementing the Independent Curriculum in Indonesian language subjects at Muhammadiyah Rappang Middle School. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with data collection techniques, namely observation techniques, interview techniques and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used in this research is a qualitative data analysis technique with stages of data reduction analysis, data presentation, and drawing up conclusions. The research results show that the implementation of their curriculum in terms of learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation in Indonesian language subjects at Muhammadiyah Rappang Middle School has been implemented well and sustainably. However, there are still obstacles in every challenge faced by research objects in implementing Indonesian language learning based on an independent curriculum, such as limited teaching facilities, limited infrastructure and internet access for students, difficulties adapting to the different characteristics and dialects of students who are already inherent, limitations a time when learning was project-based, limited experience and references to differentiated learning models, and initial assessment paradigms that were not yet appropriate.

The safety of maritime transportation is a critical aspect that must be addressed to ensure the well-being of ships and their crew. Frequent ship accidents highlight the need for improvements in the maritime transportation system. One of the causes of ship accidents is ship instability, leading to a loss of balance and even sinking. Ship stability is influenced by both internal and external factors, including human negligence in observing and addressing ship instability. This research aims to design and create a management ballast system model that can be operated automatically as a solution to reduce ship rolling motion. This system enables the ship to maintain balance using automatic side ballast tank management by utilizing two wing tanks on either side of the ship. The ballast management system will be equipped with an accurate ship roll angle detector, the Initial Measurement Unit sensor, a microcontroller, and a series of actuators, including relays as voltage control switches for the pump motor. This research involves simulation and testing/experiments at various angles, namely 5, 10, and 15 degrees. Simulations are conducted under conditions with and without the ballast management system, which is then confirmed through experiments under the same conditions. The expected outcome of this research is that the created ballast management system can be used to reduce ship rolling.

Andi Kurniadi,1 Dani Setiawan,1 Jessica Kireina,1 Dodi Suardi,1 Siti Salima,1 Febia Erfiandi,1 Mia Yasmina Andarini2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Andi Kurniadi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia, Tel +62 812 2028 6197, Email andi.kurniadi@unpad.ac.idBackground: Cervical cancer in pregnancy is rare and its management remains a formidable challenge. Clinical upstaging is a serious concern. Presentation may mimic pregnancy-related conditions, thus delaying diagnosis and leading to an advanced stage at presentation. In addition, concerns regarding chemotherapy safety in pregnancy may hinder its administration. Definitive therapy may also be delayed due to pregnancy.Case Report: A 37-year-old G3P2A0 10– 11 weeks pregnant woman was diagnosed with stage IB2 cervical cancer. We originally planned to perform neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel 175mg/m2 and carboplatin 6 AUC every 21 days followed by caesarean section and radical hysterectomy. However, preoperatively, the tumor had grown further and progressed to stage IIB. Postpartum radiotherapy was thus indicated. Lower segmental caesarean section along with bilateral salpingectomy and ovarian transposition were performed. Radiotherapy was administered through external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy. The patient delivered a small for gestational age male baby with no abnormalities. At 2-month follow-up, the infant appeared generally healthy.Conclusion: Cancer diagnosis during pregnancy adversely impacts women’s physical and psychological states. Symptoms may mimic pregnancy-related conditions, thus delaying diagnosis. Its management involves a multidisciplinary team to protect both maternal and fetal health.Keywords: cervical cancer, pregnancy, cancer in pregnancy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Teacher problems that are the main concern in this community service program are (1) The lack of subject books and subject modules owned by the Muhammadiyah teacher group (2) The low knowledge and skills of teachers and students related to educational technology, especially in making QR-based digital literacy Code Generator with Barcodes. The solution to solving this problem is digital literacy training based on QR Code Generator with Barcodes for Muhammadiyah teacher groups, so that it can make it easier to have subject books and subject modules that teachers can use in learning in the new normal era through gadgets. The implementation method is carried out through four stages, namely (1) digital literacy construction, (2) digital literacy is maintained by the community, (3) improving and updating digital literacy and the resulting changes. The results of community service activities show that the Empowerment of the Muhammadiyah Teacher Forum (FGM) through digital literacy based on QR Code Generator with Barcodes is carried out by involving school principals, teachers and students starting from the socialization stage, the stage of making digital literacy designs, the stage of printing digital literacy designs, the stage of delivering material digital literacy, the stage of training the use of digital literacy, the stage of sharing digital literacy and the stage of using digital literacy QR Code Generator with Barcode. The Muhammadiyah Teacher Forum (FGM) Empowerment activity through digital literacy based on the QR Code Generator with Barcodes received a positive response from school principals, teachers and students because they considered this activity useful and very beneficial. Permasalahan guru yang menjadi perhatian utama dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah (1) Minimnya buku mata pelajaran dan modul mata pelajaran yang dimiliki oleh kelompok guru muhammadiyah (2) Rendahnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru dan siswa terkait teknologi pendidikan terkhusus dalam membuat literasi digital berbasis QR Code Generator dengan Barcode. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah pelatihan literasi digital berbasis QR Code Generator dengan Barcode untuk kelompok guru Muhammadiyah, agar dapat memudahkan memiliki buku mata pelajaran dan modul mata pelajaran yang bisa dipakai guru dalam pembelajaran di masa new normal melalui gadget. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui empat tahap yaitu (1) konstruksi literasi digital, (2) literasi digital dipelihara oleh masyarakat, (3) memperbaiki dan memperbaharui literasi digital dan perubahan yang dihasilkan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat menunjukkan Pemberdayaan Forum Guru Muhammadiyah (FGM) melalui Literasi digital berbasis QR Code Generator dengan Barcode dilakukan dengan melibatkan kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa mulai tahap sosialisasi, tahap membuat desain literasi digital, tahap mencetak desain literasi digital, tahap penyampaian materi literasi digital, tahap melatih penggunaan literasi digital, tahap membagikan literasi digital dan tahap menggunakan literasi digital QR Code Generator dengan Barcode. Kegiatan Pemberdayaan Forum Guru Muhammadiyah (FGM) melalui Literasi digital berbasis QR Code Generator dengan Barcode mendapatkan respons positif dari kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa karena menganggap kegiatan tersebut bermanfaat dan sangat bermanfaat.

The research problem is the existence of symbolic violence against private school students through stereotypes. The purpose of the study was to analyze negative stereotypes against private school students as a means of symbolic violence. This research was conducted using the mixed method concurrent embedded method in 10 private schools and 6 public schools. Qualitative research informants as many as 43 people were determined using purposive sampling while 301 quantitative research respondents were determined using random sampling. Data was collected using a Likert and Gutman scale questionnaire, direct observation sheets, structured interview sheets and documents. The qualitative data that has been collected is analyzed through the stages of data reduction, displaying the data and then drawing conclusions, while the quantitative data is analyzed through the stages of verification, tabulation and data percentage. The results show that symbolic violence occurs because of negative stereotypes against private school students and stereotypes against actors or private schools carried out by public school actors who have accumulated capital, power in the world of education.

The trend of consumption of hydrocarbon fuels in Indonesia, which is increasing every year, is not accompanied by the amount of production, which is decreasing. Alternative fuels to reduce dependence on hydrocarbon fuels. One form of alternative fuel is biodiesel, which is made from corn (maize) oil. Corn oil itself, if processed, can be an option for clean and environmentally friendly energy option and that is the main objective of this research is to determine the performance of biodiesel corn oil on diesel engines. The method used in this study is an experimental method where corn oil biodiesel is tested directly on a testing machine. The data from the test results will be used to find the torque and thermal efficiency values so that the engine performance values for each fuel variation can be identified. The results of the study obtained the engine performance value, namely the highest torque was on diesel oil fuel 4.57 N.m. The highest thermal efficiency value achieved at the B30 fuel sample at a temperature of 60 °C with the thermal efficiency of 17.4 percent. With these results, it can be concluded that engine performance with corn oil fuel can be used as an alternative fuel to replace hydrocarbon fuel.

This article reports on the results of an in-depth analysis of the intentional daily behavior performed by mothers in facilitating the cognitive development of a child aged under five years old. This study employed a descriptive design. It involved 147 mothers (72 working mothers and 75 non-working mothers) who were selected using the purposive sampling technique (non-probability sampling). Research data were gathered using a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained two major components that evaluated a mother’s presence as the designer of the home environment (two indicators) and cognitive stimulation provided by a mother at home (six indicators). The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics making use of the Microsoft Excel 16.10 version application. The results suggest that employment status does not influence a mother’s presence as the designer of the home environment. In other words, both working and non-working mothers have provided the best home environment for their child's cognitive development. However, regarding the fulfillment of the child's cognitive development needs, non-working mothers are able to supply more adequate stimulation than working mothers.

This study aims to improve social studies learning outcomes by applying a process skills approach to fifth grade students at SD Negeri 30 Sumpang Bita. This study uses classroom action research (Classroom Action Research) consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle has four stages, which consist of: planning, action, observation and reflection. Observation sheets and learning outcomes tests are used as research instruments. Observations, learning outcomes tests and documentation used in data collection techniques. Quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques were used in data analysis. The results showed that the first cycle got an average score of 64.7, the second cycle scored higher student learning outcomes, namely the average value reached 86.7. Only 7 students (41%) achieved completeness in cycle I. In contrast to cycle II, there were 16 (96%) students who achieved completeness. This means that classical learning mastery is achieved in cycle II, because the number of students is more than 80%. Thus it was concluded that the application of the process skills approach to social science subjects could improve student learning outcomes.

Many ship accidents at sea cause oil spills that can pollute the sea especially ships carrying crude oil that experiences a collision, for example SPOB ship. SPOB is a ship that transports crude palm oil in Indonesia. Basically, the ship is collided with a jetty due to ocean waves hitting the hull as consequently the ship hull experienced a deformation. This research will be carried out on SPOB ships that experienced a collision with a jetty using two variations of the model, namely the jetty with fenders and without fenders with variation of speed. This study aims to determine the stress and deformation that occurs in the hull when experiencing a collision with a jetty. The method used in this study is a nonlinear method using Ansys. The results reveal that increasing speed of the ship is in line with stress and deformation values.

This study describes the members’ motivation and learning process in WhatsApp Group-based English School (WG-ES) as a unique platform to organize self-productivity during COVID-19. This study used the qualitative method. Fifty-one members participated. The instruments used were Google forms, observations, and documents. The data were analyzed using adopted six approaches by Cresswell. The results indicated that the participants joined WG-ES based on their desires and awareness. Their motivations for joining WG-ES were divided into English-based and non-English-based motivations. Most participants were motivated to improve their English skills, specifically communication skills. The other motivations were the expectation to expand networking, get experience, and find an opportunity to study abroad. In WG-ES, the learning programs were divided into two main activities, daily chitchat and focused learning. WG-ES had rules, study schedules, and flexible curriculums. Therefore, the participants seemed more comfortable studying English through WG-ES. Abstrak: Penelitian ini menggambarkan motivasi dan proses belajar anggota di Sekolah Bahasa Inggris berbasis Grup WhatsApp sebagai platform yang produktif selama COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Lima puluh satu anggota berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Google-form, observasi, dan dokumen. Data dianalisis menggunakan enam pendekatan yang diadopsi oleh Cresswell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peserta mengikuti Grup WhatsApp berdasarkan keinginan dan kesadaran mereka. Motivasi untuk bergabung Grup WhatsApp terbagi menjadi motivasi berbasis bahasa Inggris dan non-bahasa Inggris. Sebagian besar peserta termotivasi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris, khususnya keterampilan komunikasi. Motivasi lainnya adalah harapan untuk memperluas jaringan, mendapatkan pengalaman, dan menemukan kesempatan untuk belajar di luar negeri. Dalam Grup WhatsApp ini, program pembelajaran dibagi menjadi dua kegiatan utama, yaitu obrolan harian dan pembelajaran terfokus. Sekolah Bahasa Inggris berbasis Grup WhatsApp ini memiliki aturan, jadwal belajar, dan kurikulum yang fleksibel. Oleh karena itu, para peserta lebih nyaman belajar bahasa Inggris melalui Sekolah Bahasa Inggris berbasis Grup WhatsApp.

This research aims to analyze the model of strengthening intelligent character for students in facing changes in society in the industrial revolution era. The method used is mixed methods concurrent embedded, qualitative method informants using purposive sampling are ten people, while quantitative research respondents use simple random sampling totalling 100 respondents. The data collection technique used is the distribution of closed model questionnaires, direct observation, guided interviews and documentation. The findings obtained are that the moral integrative model strengthens the intelligent character of students, namely active students, logical thinking, dynamic, analytical, aspirational, creative, anticipatory, open-minded, progressive thinking and looking for solutions. The next recommendation is to develop a moral integrative model on more specific intelligent characters.

The Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) model can be applied to simulate hydrological processes. This model has been widely used in recent days because it is openly accessible to the public. The search result from this study identifies 180 cases discussing the model applications in Indonesian watersheds in peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers. The model has been used in Indonesia since 2005, but the highest application is in 2020 with 42 articles. In the context of application distribution, Java Island ranks first place with 123 scientific publications. However, the HEC-HMS model is predominantly used to simulate the “Small” and “Very Small” watershed size categories. The availability of insufficient field data is huge obstacle for hydrological modeling in Indonesia. Furthermore, the model may be extended to address the issues in Indonesia’s eastern watersheds. Moreover, the model also can be used to assess the impact of climate change on streamflow.

The government continues to boost infrastructure development through different financing schemes, such as Public Private Partnership (PPP). The private sector is encouraged to participate in infrastructure development under this strategy, indirectly reducing the government's burden. National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), formerly known as the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), as a government organization engaged in research, has chosen the PPP scheme for the Management and Development of the National Research Vessel Fleet to strengthen the capacity of the research infrastructure. This paper was written as a descriptive qualitative investigation using the literature study approach and relevant policy/regulatory literature. Also explains the need for research infrastructure, in this case, research vessels in Indonesia and provides an overview of the revenue potential and risk analysis in PPP projects. The result of this paper also provides an overview of BRIN's PPP implementation process. It can address issues such as whether the PPP scheme for research infrastructure development is of the PPP character, where the process is purely business-managed, how risk sharing is carried out in the PPP and how BRIN implements PPPs.

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk merevitalisasi pengetahuan siswa tentang adab, etika, dan mental yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan Latihan Dasar Kepemimpinan Siswa atau disingkat sebagai LDKS. Tujuan utama kegiatan ini adalah menumbuhkan pengetahuan siswa tentang tingkat kesopanan yang lebih baik bukan hanya mengetahui tapi mampu mengaplikasikan dalam kehidupan sehari–hari. Begitupun dengan mental yang dimiliki lebih baik lagi dipandang dari pola pikir siswa untuk memiliki pola pikir growth mindset (pola pikir terbuka). Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu, perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Dalam pelaksanaan menggunakan metode pengajaran pengalaman langsung (enactive), pictorial experience (iconic), dan abstract experinece (symbolic). Dari kegiatan ini terlihat antusis para peserta dimana peserta terdiri dari 53 orang pengurus OSIS periode 2022–2023. Pada pengabdian ini diharapkan kepada siswa ada perubahan kearah positif tentang adab, etika dan mental mereka masing-masing.

Disparitas antara siswa sekolah swasta dan siswa sekolah negeri menjadi hal biasa karena perbedaan akumulasi modal ekonomi, sosial, budaya, simbolik dan agama. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menemukan adanya modal agama sebagai bentuk akumulasi modal untuk mengatasi kekerasan simbolik. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode mixed method concurrent embedded di 10 sekolah swasta dan 6 sekolah negeri. Informan penelitian kualitatif sebanyak 43 orang ditentukan menggunakan purposive sampling sedangkan responden penelitian kuantitatif sebanyak 301 orang ditentukan menggunakan random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar angket skala likert dan Gutman, lembar observasi secara langsung, lembar wawancara terstruktur dan dokumen. Data kualitatif yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis melalui tahapan reduksi data, display data kemudian melakukan penarikan kesimpulan. Data kuantitatif dianalisis melalui tahapan verifikasi, tabulasi dan persentase data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modal agama menjadi hal yang dominan yang dimiliki oleh sekolah swasta yang bisa dioptimalkan untuk merebut dominasi dalam ranah pendidikan agar siswa tidak mengalami kekerasan simbolik. Bentuk modal sosial yang dimiliki oleh sekolah swasta adalah (i) kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap sekolah swasta dalam memberikan pembelajaran agama, karakter atau nilai-nilai sosial, dengan persentase 71,77 persen, (ii) kepemimpinan spiritual yang selalu didominasi oleh aktor-aktor sekolah swasta dalam berbagai kegiatan keagamaan, dengan persentase 83,05 persen. Disparities between private school students and public school students are common because of differences in the accumulation of economic, social, cultural, symbolic and religious capital. This article aims to analyze and find the existence of religious capital as a form of capital accumulation to overcome symbolic violence. This research was conducted using the mixed method concurrent embedded method in 10 private schools and 6 public schools. Qualitative research informants as many as 43 people were determined using purposive sampling while 301 quantitative research respondents were determined using random sampling. Data was collected using a Likert and Gutman scale questionnaire, direct observation sheets, structured interview sheets and documents. The qualitative data that has been collected is analyzed through the stages of data reduction, displaying the data and then drawing conclusions, while the quantitative data is analyzed through the stages of verification, tabulation and data percentage. The results of the study show that religious capital is the dominant thing owned by private schools which can be optimized to seize dominance in the realm of education so that students do not experience symbolic violence. The forms of social capital owned by private schools are (i) public trust in private schools in providing religious learning, character or social values, with a percentage of 71.77 percent, (ii) spiritual leadership which is always dominated by private school actors in various fields. religious activities, with a percentage of 83.05 percent.

The Ferry Ro-Ro 5000GT has three levels of car deck that are connected by internal ramps. Two issues that have to be paid attention during the operation of the internal ramp there are the strength capacity and the design fatigue life of the internal ramp structure. The purpose of the research is to determine the strength and fatigue life of the internal ramp construction. The method used the Finite Element Method using a static load by load case of point load at top girder and between girders. Results of the research detected the maximum stress value is in the load case of the point load (three sedan car) at between of the girder is 52.143 MPa with the fatigue life is 44.47 years with the load cycle is 7300000 cycle while the minimum stress value detected at the load case of the point load (two sedan cars) at top girder is 34.199 MPa with the fatigue life is 195.92 years with the load cycle is 50000000 cycle. For the safety factor, ramp construction 6.08 ~ 10.38. The safety factor value above is still in safe condition because the value is SF > 1.

Ship stability that is not according to the IMO standard will make the ship capsize when operating. The purpose of this research is to determine the cause of the overturn in terms of the stability criteria of the ship. The method used is software of simulation. Stability analysis is carried out with the load case that occurs in the field when an accident occurs and the ideal loadcase according to PM 104 2017 standards about’s the transportation of operation. The results showed is cargo of goods placed on the roof top (loadcase 1) based on the criteria of Intact Stability; area of the stability arm curve at heeling 0° ~ 30° = 0.9417 m.deg, area 0° ~ 40° = 1,0200 m.deg, 30° ~ 40° = 0.0783 m.deg, GZ value at heeling 30° = 0.029 m, angle of occurrence of maximum GZ = 21.8°, and the initial GMt value = 0.135 m, the results stated that all did not meet the Intact Stability code A.749 criteria, while in it was obtained cargo of goods placed in the hull (loadcase 2) based on Intact Stability; area of the stability arm curve at heeling 0° ~ 30° = 4.5338 m.deg, area 0° ~ 40° = 7.1643 m.deg, area 30° ~ 40° = 2.6305 m.deg, GZ value at heeling 30° = 0.265 m, angle of occurrence of maximum GZ = 34.5°, and the initial GMt value = 0.621 m, the results stated that all met the Intact Stability code A.749 criteria

Gastropods are one of the constituents of benthic communities in waters and are found throughout the world, ranging from shallow, sandy, coral reefs to deep seas. Gastropods have several advantages, one of the most relevant is that they can be used as bioindicators of pollution. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of gastropods in Kapas Island, Indonesia. This research was conducted for two months on the coast of Kapas Island, Indonesia. Gastropod collection was carried out at 10 observation stations using three transect lines toward the sea and divided into three parts, namely upper intertidal, middle intertidal, and lower intertidal on each transect line. The distance between stations was ~ 150 m. Ninety plots of 1 m2 were set. Abundance and diversity were analyzed qualitatively. Results showed that gastropods consisted of 9 genera and 14 species. Among them, Cerithium sp. had the highest individual abundance (40.15%). The diversity index of gastropods in Kapas Island was 2.07 (medium diversity).

Aim of the study: At present, there are few scatter particles used in preparing blood-mimicking fluids, such as nylon, sephadex, polystyrene microsphere, and poly(4-methystyrene). In this study, we present cholesterol as a new scatter particle for blood-mimicking fluid preparation. Materials and methods: The procedure for the preparation of the proposed blood-mimicking fluid involved the use of propylene glycol, D(+)-Glucose and distilled water to form a ternary mixture fluid, with cholesterol used as scatter particles. Polyethylene glycol was first used as part of the mixture fluid but the acoustic and physical properties were not suitable, leading to its replacement with D(+)-Glucose, which is soluble in water and has a higher density. A common carotid artery wall-less phantom was also produced to assess the flow properties. Results: The prepared blood-mimicking fluid with new scatter particles has a density of 1.067 g/cm3, viscosity of 4.1 mPa.s, speed of sound 1600 m/s, and attenuation of 0.192 dB/cm at 5 MHz frequency. Peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity and mean velocity measurements were gotten to be 40.2 ± 2.4 cm/s, 9.9 ± 1.4 cm/s, and 24.0 ± 1.8 cm/s, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, the blood-mimicking fluid was found suitable for ultrasound applications in carotid artery wall-less phantoms because of its good acoustic and physical properties.

This study aims to describe the communication strategies carried out by tour guides in promoting tourism of Makassar City. The communication made by tour guides has a strategic role in building a good impression with tourists. The good impression that tourists get can be an effective means of promotion when tourists share their experiences with others. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with interviews as a data collection technique. There are 7 informants, all of whom are tour guides in Makassar city. The results showed that the Makassar city tour guide provided information using good communication, provided the best service and was able to understand the characteristics of tourists well.

The purpose of this study was to find an integrative model of social care character in social science subjects in elementary schools using integrative moral knowledge, moral feelings, moral sinverbals, moral action, moral habitus and moral culture. The reality that happens is that students experience moral degradation so that they need the integration of character education in the learning process. The formulation of the research problem is how to model the integration of national character education in social science learning. The research method used qualitative methods with 10 informants consisting of the principal, teachers, students, parents. The data technique used interview, observation and documentation instruments, then the data were analyzed through data reduction, data display and verification. The paradigm used in the research is the moral education paradigm. The results of the research model of the integration of social caring character education consist of six moral levels, namely moral knowledge, moral feelings, moral synergy, moral action, moral habits and moral culture which are integrated with the values of social caring character in the learning process of social science.

Textbook discourse readability is primarily determined by three key factors: the text, the writer, and the reader. Textbook discourse readability from the reader aspect especially among students with poor reading ability is rarely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate textbook discourse readability among junior high school students with poor reading ability based on gender, reading interest, and family socio-economic status. A quantitative survey was conducted on 257 respondents from Indonesia. The data were gathered using a questionnaire and a cloze test. The results showed that textbook discourse readability on all investigated variables was categorized into the frustration level. There was a significant difference in textbook discourse readability among students with poor reading ability based on gender, reading interest, and family socio-economic status. Female students, students with high reading interest, students with well-educated mothers, students with parents earning more than seven million rupiahs (equals to USD480/month) were reported to have a higher textbook discourse readability. These findings suggest the importance of considering students’ individual characteristics and family socio-economic background in writing a textbook and designing reading instructions in junior high schools.

This article investigates the trends of scholarly publication in PPP research of R&D sector during the last three decades, including the publication patterns of the researchers' network and institutional structures. This article applies Bibliometric method by using VOSviewer to analyze and visualize scientific themes obtained from keywords ‘PPP and R&D’ through articles published in Scopus indexed journals. In mapping these keywords, this study found out that the most discussed topics include drug development, innovation policy, drug discovery, neglected tropical disease, global health, vaccines, and clinical trials. From these keywords, it could be concluded that the majority of the research areas of this topic focuses on the health sector. Lastly, this paper summarizes some future research directions and gives a recommendation. The recommendation is to make a mechanism for how PPP funding can be carried out in R&D activities. The PPP funding is not only meant for research infrastructure development but also R&D activities.

This research aims to produce a model of strengthening character education in university. This study's substance problem is students' bad behavior, so it requires a more comprehensive model of supporting character education. The research used a mix-method. It is a combination of qualitative methods and quantitative methods. The qualitative research instrument uses the researcher himself as the main instrument, while the quantitative tool uses a validated questionnaire. Qualitative research uses purposive sampling and random sampling techniques for quantitative research data collection techniques using interviews, observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The qualitative data analysis stages were carried out by starting to reduce data, display data, and verify data. The research results on the integration model of character education development developed at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar are integrated with moral integrations, namely knowing, feeling, sinverbal, action, habitus, and culture (KFSAHC) to prevent violations of character values.

Dodi Suardi, Wiryawan Permadi, Tono Djuwantono, Yudi Mulyana Hidayat, Hartanto Bayuaji, Gusti Putu Edo Gautama Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Gusti Putu Edo GautamaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No. 38, Bandung, 40161 Jawa Barat, IndonesiaTel +6222 203 2530Fax +6222 203 9086Email edogautama@yahoo.comBackground: The correlation between endometrioma and serum Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) level is a benchmark in determining the prognosis and management of endometrioma. Endometrioma causes a decrease in ovarian reserve due to tissue damage that affects the formation of serum AMH. Serum AMH levels in daily practice are useful as a tool to determine ovarian reserve, markers for diagnosis and prognosis in infertility and reproductive abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of serum AMH level in women with endometrioma and their correlation to ovarian volume.Methods: This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design in women of reproductive age who were diagnosed with endometrioma within the period of August 2019–March 2020 at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Forty-four women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then divided into endometrioma (n=22) and control (n=22) groups. In both groups, transvaginal ultrasound examination was performed to measure the volume of the ovary, then a laboratory examination of serum AMH level was carried out.Results: Serum AMH levels in the endometrioma group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.001). Serum AMH level did not differ significantly based on laterality of the observation group (P=1.000). There was a negative correlation between serum AMH level and the volume of ovarian endometrioma, although not statistically significant (r=− 0.332; P=0.066).Conclusion: There was a correlation between serum AMH level and endometrioma. Serum AMH levels were significantly lower in the endometrioma group but were not influenced by their laterality. We found a negative correlation between serum AMH level and ovarian volume containing endometrioma, but not statistically significant.Keywords: anti-Mullerian hormone, AMH, endometrioma, ovarian volume

Indonesia is still classified as a country that is in a position of corruption based on the results of the release of Transparency International Indonesia. Even in cases of criminal acts of corruption have reached remote areas. To suppress this rate, the central government to the regions then formed a Task Force for Sweeping Illegal Charges (Satgas Saber Extortion). Has a role to take action against and prevent the occurrence of criminal acts of corruption in the community. This study aims to determine the role of Saber Pungli in eradicating corruption. The research method used is normative-empirical legal research. The results of the study show that Saber Pungli is not yet optimal in carrying out corruption eradication work in the regions.

Sungai Tikala merupakan anak Sungai Tondano dengan tingkat risiko banjir yang cukup tinggi sebagaimana yang terjadi pada peristiwa banjir tahun 2014 dimana terjadi banjir besar yang membawa dampak yang cukup merugikan bagi Kota Manado. Upaya pengendalian banjir secara struktural berupa normalisasi baik di Sungai Tondano maupun Sungai Tikala dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak banjir. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas normalisasi dalam mengurangi risiko banjir pada dataran banjir yang dipengaruhi oleh luapan banjir Sungai Tikala yang berada di wilayah Kota Manado. Kajian ini meninjau risiko banjir Sungai Tikala berdasarkan Peraturan Kepala BNPB No. 2 tahun 2012. Tingkat ancaman diperoleh dari hubungan indeks ancaman dan indeks penduduk terpapar kerentanan sosial. Tingkat kerugian ditentukan oleh tingkat ancaman dan indeks kerugian dari kerentanan ekonomi, fisik dan lingkungan. Tingkat kapasistas ditentukan dari tingkat ancaman dan indeks kapasitas. Tingkat risiko ditentukan dari tingkat kerugian dan tingkat kapasitas. Indeks ancaman banjir diperoleh dari pemodelan luapan banjir Sungai Tikala akibat debit banjir Q50 dengan skenario normalisasi Sungai Tondano dan Normalisasi Sungai Tikala. Klasifikasi bahaya banjir mempertimbangkan parameter kedalaman dan kecepatan banjir. Indeks Kerentanan ditentukan dari aspek sosial, ekonomi, fisik, dan lingkungan.

The prevalence of child marriage under 18 years released by the Central Bureau of Statistics in 2020 places Gorontalo Province in the 6th highest place in Indonesia with a rate of 23.16%. The data is corroborated by the records of the Supreme Court who receive cases of requests for dispensation from marriage which each year has increased. the religious court's allusion to child marriage through a marriage dispensation mechanism. A quo mechanism is regulated in Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) Number 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Trialing Applications for Dispensation of Marriage. Various factors behind the request for underage marriage include: because they really want to get married, because they are pregnant out of wedlock and there are applications for girls whose age has not been justified by law. On the basis of these problems, this study aims to provide space for the religious court as the final determinant through legal considerations and its sociological aspects, prioritizing prevention efforts by narrowing the space for applications, examining cases more carefully, and the commitment of the parties to respond to the negative consequences of child marriage. The research method used is the legal behavior approach that occurs in society (socio legal research).

The island of Borneo has relatively low seismic activity. However, the plan to relocate the capital city to the East Borneo region could potentially increase the population, making the area more vulnerable to earthquake occurrences. Therefore, this research aims to determine the depth of the Mohorovičić discontinuity layer, which will provide insights into the thickness of the Earth's crust, and model the local P and S wave velocities using the Inversion, Migration, and Stacking H-k methods. The data used consists of earthquake events with magnitudes greater than 6, located within a distance of 30° to 90° from 6 BMKG stations around the new capital of Indonesia. The research results indicate that the depth of the Mohorovičić discontinuity layer varies between 28 and 43 km. The model of P-wave velocities varies between 1.8 km/s to 9.1 km/s, while the model of S-wave velocities ranges from 1.0 km/s to 5.1 km/s.

The Celebes region is located in a subduction zone, leading to its complex tectonic conditions, active seismicity, and volcanic activity. In this study, researchers aimed to estimate the thickness of the Earth's crust by analyzing P, S wave velocities, and Vp/Vs values at 8 3-component broadband stations administered by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The P and S wave velocities were modeled using receiver function inversion, while the thickness of the earth's crust and Vp/Vs values were calculated using the H-κ stacking method. The data used teleseismic earthquake recordings with an epicenter distance of 30°-90° and M>6. The results indicate that the Earth's crust is around 35-40 km thick at the TMSI station, around 34-40 km thick at the SMSI station, around 38-42 km thick at the KRSI station, around 33-38 km at the MKS station, around 32-38 km at the WKCM station, around 25-32 km at the SRSI station, and around 35-38 km thick at the LUWI and BBSI stations. Furthermore, the P wave speed model for all zones in Celebes is estimated to range from 3.59-9.73 km/s, the S wave speed is estimated to range from 2.00-5.42 km/s, and the Vp/Vs value is estimated to range from 1.75-2.51 km/s.

Mataram City, West Lombok and Central Lombok Regencies are areas that have a high level of infrastructure development. This high level of infrastructure development has indirectly increased the risk of lightning strikes in the city of Mataram and its surroundings. This study aims to determine the level of threat, susceptibility, and vulnerability to lightning strikes in the city of Mataram and its surroundings, and to find a correlation between the increase in land use as buildings and settlements with the increase in the number of lightning strikes. The lightning data was obtained from the monitoring results of the Mataram Geophysics Station in the 2017-2021 period which was processed using the Simple Additive Weighting method. From the processing results, the level of vulnerability to lightning in the very high category is in Selaparang and Mataram sub-districts. The results of the Pearson correlation calculation in an increase in the number of areas used as buildings and settlements to an increase in the number of lightning, obtained 14 districts with high Pearson correlation index values and 3 districts with very high Pearson correlation index values which included Batukliang, Sekotong, and Jonggat Districts.

There is one factor that becomes an obstacle if the child has received the coaching process at the Child Special Guidance Institute (hereinafter referred to as LPKA), namely the existence of "stigmatization" attached to the child so that it does not make it easier for children to socialize. The "Labeling" theory shows that labeling or in other words this stigmatization can damage the future of children where the future is still long. Therefore, the application of imprisonment for children must be an "ultimum remedium" or "the last resort", which means that imprisonment must be the last resort. This is where the diversion function lies as the concept of solving children's problems without going through a trial so that children are not burdened by negative stigma that will be attached to them, but in practice the diversion process often experiences obstacles, one of which is the lack of understanding of law enforcement towards the situation and condition of children, this is because not optimal community research or social reports on children in conflict with the law. The specific purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the factors that cause the non-optimal implementation of social reports on children's cases and to find out the efforts made in maximizing social reporting in an effort to implement diversion in children's cases. The method used in this research is empirical research, namely research with field data as the main data source, such as the results of interviews and observations

This study provides examples of cases of children who are in conflict with the law for committing the crime of theft with violence which is carried out together whose case has been decided by the Medan High Court with its decision Number: 6/PID.SUS-ANAK/2017/PT.MDN. The formulation of the problem in the research is how to regulate the diversion of children as perpetrators of the crime of theft with violence? and how is the application of diversion in making decisions against children as perpetrators of violent theft in the Medan High Court Decision Number: 6/PID.SUSANAK/2017/PT.MDN?. The research method used by the author is a normative juridical method, which is a research that puts the law as a norm. The system of norms in question is about principles, rules of laws and regulations, court decisions, agreements and doctrines (teachings). Finally, based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that the application of diversion in making decisions against children as perpetrators of violent theft refers to Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, especially those that regulate regarding the application of diversion to those who are in conflict with the law. In the Medan High Court Decision Number: 6/PID.SUSANAK/2017/PT.MDN, it turns out that the judge in his decision was guided by the law above so that the judge decided, even though the child (the defendant) was sentenced to prison for 10 (ten) months, does not need to be carried out by the Child, unless the Child has made peace in writing with the Child Victim or with the family of the Child Victim

Abstrak: Kegiatan pendampingan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru model dalam merancang kegiatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran refektif dengan berbasis pada transcript based- lesson analysis. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan yang dilkukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Lesson Study secara kolaboratif dan membuat perencanaan pembelajaran dalam bentuk chart. Dalam PKM ini, ada beberapa istilah yang baru dan merupakan penamaan pada media yang dipakai yaitu Memo Paper Moving adalah media dari kertas kecil yang berisi tentang jam dalam bentuk digital jam yang akan diberikan kepada setiap siswa dan paper yang berpindah – pindah dari siswa ke siswa yang lain hingga setiap siswa akan menyebutkan jam pada Memo Paper Moving tersebut. Dalam RPP ini selain Memo Paper Moving digunakan, Jam dinding juga digunakan sebagai media pengajaran, serta lembar Kerja. Sehingga Lesson Plan yang dibuat mengarahkan pada Student Centre

In this research, we investigated the effects of supplementation of rice bran fermented with Effective Microorganism (EM4) on the biomass of tubifex worms cultured in the recirculation system. A Completely randomized design was made, consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental animals were treated with different types of feed, i.e. (A) unfermented rice bran, three times a day; (B) fermented rice bran, three times a day; (C) fermented rice bran, 5 times a day; (D) fermented rice bran, 7 times a day. They were reared in a wood box (100 × 50 × 15 cm3), while a mixture of fermented rice bran and mud was applied as their growth medium. Tubifex worms were grown in the medium at a density of 100 g/m2, and supplemented with fermented rice bran at a dose of 500 g/box, with various frequency levels of 3, 5 and 7 times a day. Biomass of the worm and water quality was observed. As a result, we found that the addition of fermented rice bran at a rate of 5 times a day (treatment C) exhibited the greatest biomass growth, reaching up to 104,33 g/m2.

Abstract: Accountability Based on Mettā and Kamma. This study aims to explore the meaning of Mettā and Kamma's accountability from the perspective of Buddhism. This research uses phenomenological method to organizers, clergy, and followers of the Theravada Indonesian Sangha temples in Makassar City. The research shows that Mettā accountability is interpreted through a leadership style using a heart approach and empowerment as a form of channeling love. Meanwhile, Kamma's accountability is understood through trust and obedience to the law of Kamma. Both meanings make the organizers transparent and obedient to the applicable regulations.

Tanggul River which is located in Jember Regency, East Java Province, experiences floods every year. Increasing in flood discharge, decreasing on river capacity and lowing of slope cause flooding. In this study, we will analyze Tanggul River in full bank capacity condition with flood discharges for the return period of 2, 5, 10, 20 and 25 years, and then analyze flood control scenario, reliability index and economic feasibility. Flood control are carried out structurally by river normalization, side overflow construction, embankment elevation and a combination of the three activities. 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional hydraulic analysis use HEC-RAS software version 5.06, reliability index analysis uses the Safety Factor (SF) and First-Order Second Moment (FOSM) methods, and economic feasibility uses the Benefit Cost (B / C) Ratio method. The benefit component is reducting from flood inundation which is analyzed by QGIS software and Open Street Map (OSM), while the cost component is flood control construction costs. Based on the results of the study, the river embankment full bank capacity conditions correspond to floods return period of 5 years, recommended flood control are river normalization and elevation of the embankment with a B / C Ratio value of 1.7, flood reduction 62.88%, reliability index SF method 1.07 and FOSM method 97.05%

The purpose of this research is to improve students' activity and to learn outcomes through the application of lecturing model of student transfer discussion on the basics of sociology program of Sociology Education of FKIP University Muhammadiyah Makassar. This research includes classroom action research. This classroom action research is conducted in two cycles, each cycle is held 4 times. The study was conducted with the number of students of 90 students from class A and B. The instruments of this study were test and observation sheet, and questionnaire. The data of the research are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The result indicates that: (i) Activity and student learning outcomes in cycle I are categorized high with average score 80.65 for class A and 78.70 for class B, but not yet reached the predetermined standard average of 85, the increase in cycle II is already in very high category for class A and class B. (ii) The learning completeness in cycle I of class A has reached completeness of learning result set ie 75, although class B has not reached the student's overall standard, a significant increase in cycle II for class A and class B based on learning outcomes, liveliness and student questionnaires