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BackgroundHip and knee osteoarthritis is ranked as the 11th highest contributor to global disability. Exercise is a core treatment in osteoarthritis. The model for physical activity–related health competence describes possibilities to empower patients to perform physical exercises in the best possible health-promoting manner while taking into account their own physical condition. Face-to-face supervision is the gold standard for exercise guidance. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether instruction and guidance via a digital app is not inferior to supervision by a physiotherapist with regard to movement quality, control competence for physical training, and exercise-specific self-efficacy. MethodsPatients with clinically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis were recruited via print advertisements, emails and flyers. The intervention consisted of two identical training sessions with one exercise for mobility, two for strength, and one for balance. One session was guided by a physiotherapist and the other was guided by a fully automated tablet computer-based app. Both interventions took place at a university hospital. Outcomes were assessor-rated movement quality, and self-reported questionnaires on exercise-specific self-efficacy and control competence for physical training. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment sequences. One sequence started with the app in the first session followed by the physiotherapist in the second session after a minimum washout phase of 27 days (AP group) and the other sequence occurred in the reverse order (PA group). Noninferiority was defined as a between-treatment effect (gIG)

Author(s): Duangkamol Srismith [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Katja Dierkes [sup.4] , Stephan Zipfel [sup.1] , Ansgar Thiel [sup.4] , Gorden Sudeck [sup.4] , Katrin E. Giel [sup.1] , Simone C. [...], To reduce the number of sedentary people, an improved understanding of effects of exercise in this specific group is needed. The present project investigates the impact of regular aerobic exercise uptake on body image, and how this effect is associated with differences in interoceptive abilities and affective response to exercise. Participants were 29 sedentary adults who underwent a 12-week aerobic physical activity intervention comprised of 30-36 sessions. Body image was improved with large effect sizes. Correlations were observed between affective response to physical activity and body image improvement, but not with interoceptive abilities. Explorative mediation models suggest a neglectable role of a priori interoceptive abilities. Instead, body image improvement was achieved when positive valence was assigned to interoceptive cues experienced during exercise.

A central goal of physical education (PE) is to empower students to be physically active in a health-enhancing way. Therefore, using a competence-based approach, the objective of the health- and fitness-related PE intervention 'Promotion of physical activity-related health competence in PE' (GEKOS) was to address practical and theoretical content regarding training, fitness, and health. The aim of this person-oriented study was to examine differential effects of the GEKOS intervention on control competence and related knowledge, skills, abilities, and motivation. A total of 860 ninth graders were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Intervention group students received six PE lessons that combined practical and theoretical content regarding training, fitness, and health. Measurements were taken before, directly after, and with a follow-up after 8-12 weeks. Students completed a knowledge test and a fitness test, and filled out scales considering motivation and perceived control competence. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression were estimated. Five patterns of outcome measures were found. Intervention group students transitioned significantly more often to patterns with improved outcome values. The intervention was especially effective for a subgroup of students who initially had rather low outcome values. For a small proportion of students, the intervention entailed a loss of health-related motivation. The study indicated that students with low control competence and related knowledge, skills, abilities, and motivation can benefit from the GEKOS intervention. Future studies should investigate modes of actions and interventions that explicitly address motivation and vary the content and methods used in PE.

Background: Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone in maintaining a healthy lifestyle as well as in the prevention and rehabilitation of non-communicable diseases (NCD). First analysis of PA showed lower activity rates in adults with NCD compared to the general population. To improve health monitoring and to address World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations to systematically identify and track efforts to reduce inequalities in PA participation, trend analysis of PA in adults with NCD was performed for the period 2014/15 to 2019/20 for Germany. Furthermore, motivational readiness for PA behavior change was analysed based on the transtheoretical model (TTM). Methods: Based on two population-based cross-sectional health surveys (GEDA 2014/15-EHIS and GEDA 2019/20-EHIS) for Germany (N = 46,724), the prevalence of meeting WHO PA guidelines was analysed for adults with certain NCD compared to the general population. PA was assessed by self-report via the European Health Interview Survey– Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ). Trend analyses and logistic regression models were performed to calculate disease specific Odds Ratios (OR) for fulfilment of PA recommendations. Motivational readiness for PA was assessed with the stages of change according to the TTM with data of GEDA 2014/15-EHIS. Results: Reporting any NCD is associated with lower fulfilment of health-enhancing aerobic PA in both surveys for almost all NCD, with lowest levels among adults reporting stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity and coronary heart disease. Sufficient muscle-strengthening was higher in adults with musculoskeletal diseases like osteoarthritis, lower back pain and neck pain compared to adults without these diseases. The prevalence of meeting WHO PA recommendations among adults with NCD remains at a low level. Sufficient health-enhancing aerobic PA tend to decrease in adults with NCD from 2014/15 to 2019/20, while sufficient muscle-strengthening increased in the same period. Motivational readiness for PA is lower for most adults with NCD, compared to the general adult population. Conclusion: Lower rates of WHO PA recommendation fulfilment is recognized for most NCD groups compared to the population without NCD for both surveys, but the proportion of adults with NCD who meet the WHO PA recommendations differ widely between NCD groups. A positive trend from 2014/15 to 2019/20 can only be seen for adults with osteoarthritis. Based on our findings the implementation of PA promotion particular with regards to motivational readiness and disease specific PA measures is strongly recommended to improve prevention and ambulatory health care for adults with NCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]