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Background: A rising threat of the rapid spread of acquired metallo (3-lactamases (MBLs) among Gram Negative Bacilli (GNB) is a matter of public health concern worldwide. Hence, detection of MBLs producing clinical isolates via an accurate and cost effective technique is necessary to prevent their dissemination as well as regulation of antimicrobial steward-ship policy. This study aimed to detect MBLs in Carbapenem Resistant Gram Negative Bacilli (CRGNB) using two pheno-typic tests; Combined Disc Test (CDT) and Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST).Methods: We conducted a prospective study on 130 GNB isolates recovered from different clinical specimens collected from different patients. Isolates were identified then antibiotic susceptibility profile was determined by VITEK® 2 compact system. GNB which showed resistance to meropenem were screened for MBLs production by CDT and DDST.Results: Out of 36 CRGNB isolates, 23 isolates (63.9%) were MBLs positive by CDT, and 20 (55.6%) by DDST. With almost perfect agreement between CDT and DDST.Conclusion: Our study validates two phenotypic methods (CDT and DDST) for the detection of MBLs production, making them highly applicable to routine clinical laboratories.

We have studied the physiological and behavioral responses in male rats to copulation and exercise. For this purpose, electrocardiographys (ECGs) were recorded from conscious and unrestrained rats using radiotelemetry system, Heart rate during copulation rose sharpiy following the induction of a receptive female, showed a peak of about 520 bpm during each ejaculation series, and then rapidly decreased. To compare the rate of decrease after ejaculation with that following vigorous exercise, we run male rats on a motor wheel until heart rate became to the same value during ejaculation. Foliewing the cessation of exercise, heart rate decreased gradually. The possible role of the autonomic nervous system in the changes of heart rate during copulation and exercise is discussed., Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 28 No. 2 (2001)

International audience; Here we report the new features and improvements in our latest release of the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/), a comprehensive annotation resource for human genes and transcripts. H-InvDB, originally developed as an integrated database of the human transcriptome based on extensive annotation of large sets of full-length cDNA (FLcDNA) clones, now provides annotation for 120 558 human mRNAs extracted from the International Nucleotide Sequence Databases (INSD), in addition to 54 978 human FLcDNAs, in the latest release H-InvDB_4.6. We mapped those human transcripts onto the human genome sequences (NCBI build 36.1) and determined 34 699 human gene clusters, which could define 34 057 (98.1%) protein-coding and 642 (1.9%) non-protein-coding loci; 858 (2.5%) transcribed loci overlapped with predicted pseudogenes. For all these transcripts and genes, we provide comprehensive annotation including gene structures, gene functions, alternative splicing variants, functional non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, predicted sub cellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein 3D structure, mapping of SNPs and microsatellite repeat motifs, co-localization with orphan diseases, gene expression profiles, orthologous genes, protein-protein interactions (PPI) and annotation for gene families. The current H-InvDB annotation resources consist of two main views: Transcript view and Locus view and eight sub-databases: the DiseaseInfo Viewer, H-ANGEL, the Clustering Viewer, G-integra, the TOPO Viewer, Evola, the PPI view and the Gene family/group.

Jmjd2c is a candidate oncogene that encodes histone lysine demethylase. In this study, we discovered that over-expression of Jmjd2c increased the expression of Mdm2 oncogene dependent on its demethylase activity, which led to the reduction of p53 tumor suppressor gene product in the cells. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that Jmjd2c was recruited to the P2 promoter region of Mdm2 gene resulting in demethylation of histone H3 lysine 9, as typically found in actively transcribed genes. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Jmjd2c caused the reduction of Mdm2 expression in the cells. These results indicate that Mdm2 oncogene is a downstream target of Jmjd2c and may play an important role in Jmjd2c-mediated oncogenesis.